Footnotes

Chapter 1 - Introduction and background

[1]        Journals of the Senate, No. 38, 30 March 2017, p. 1244.

[2]        Criminal Code Amendment (Protecting Minors Online) Bill 2017, Explanatory Memorandum (Explanatory Memorandum), p. 2.

[3]        Explanatory Memorandum, p. 2.

[4]        Proof House of Representatives Hansard, 30 March 2017, p. 10.

[5]        Proof House of Representatives Hansard, 30 March 2017, p. 10.

[6]        Explanatory Memorandum, p.10.

[7]        Explanatory Memorandum, p.11.

[8]        Explanatory Memorandum, p.11.

[9]        Explanatory Memorandum, p.11.

[10]      Explanatory Memorandum, p.12.

[11]      Explanatory Memorandum, p.12.

[12]      Explanatory Memorandum, p.12.

[13]      Explanatory Memorandum, p.12.

[14]      Explanatory Memorandum, p.12.

[15]      Explanatory Memorandum, p.13.

[16]      Explanatory Memorandum, p.13.

[17]      Explanatory Memorandum, p. 3.

[18]      Explanatory Memorandum, pp. 5–8.

[19]      Parliamentary Joint Committee on Human Rights, Scrutiny Report 4 of 2017, 9 May 2017, p. 74.

[20]      The committee's website can be found at www.aph.gov.au/Parliamentary_Business/Committees/Senate/Legal_and_Constitutional_Affairs.

Chapter 2 - Key issues

[1]        Carly Ryan Foundation, Submission 7, pp. 1–2.

[2]        Sexual Assault Support Service, Submission 2, p. 1

[3]        Queensland Family and Child Commission, Submission 4, p. 1.

[4]        Australian Lawyers Alliance, Submission 3, p. 4.

[5]        Australian Lawyers Alliance, Submission 3, p. 4.

[6]        Law Council of Australia, Submission 1, p. 5.

[7]        The bill introduced in February 2010 proposed to prohibit communication with a person under the age of 18 years. The later bills of February 2013 and December 2013 amended this age to 16 years of age.

[8]        Law Council of Australia, Submission 1, p. 6 and Attorney-General's Department, Submission 6, p. 4.

[9]        Senate Legal and Constitutional Affairs Legislation Committee, Criminal Code Amendment (Misrepresentation of Age to a Minor) Bill 2013, 30 June 2010, p. 10.

[10]      Senate Legal and Constitutional Affairs Legislation Committee, Criminal Code Amendment (Misrepresentation of Age to a Minor) Bill 2013, 27 June 2013, p. 9.

[11]      Senate Legal and Constitutional Affairs Legislation Committee, Criminal Code Amendment (Misrepresentation of Age to a Minor) Bill 2013, 27 June 2013, p. 8.

[12]      Senate Legal and Constitutional Affairs Legislation Committee, Criminal Code Amendment (Misrepresentation of Age to a Minor) Bill 2013, August 2015, p. 10.

[13]      Senate Legal and Constitutional Affairs Legislation Committee, Criminal Code Amendment (Misrepresentation of Age to a Minor) Bill 2013, August 2015, p. 10.

[14]      Law Council of Australia, Submission 1, p. 7.

[15]      Attorney-General's Department, Submission 6, p. 4.

[16]      Attorney-General's Department, Submission 6, p. 4 and Law Council of Australia, Submission 1, p. 6

[17]      Law Council of Australia, Submission 1, p. 7. See also Submission 5, p. 1 and Submission 3, p. 6.

[18]      Australian Lawyers Alliance, Submission 3, p. 5.

[19]      Australian Lawyers Alliance, Submission 3, p. 5.

[20]      Australian Lawyers Alliance, Submission 3, p. 5.

[21]      Australian Lawyers Alliance, Submission 3, p. 5.

[22]      Ms Anne Sheehan, Acting First Assistant Secretary, Attorney-General's Department (AGD), Proof Committee Hansard, 2 June 2017, p. 16.

[23]      Mr Stephen Odgers SC, Member, National Criminal Law Committee, Law Council of Australia, Proof Committee Hansard, 2 June 2017, p. 7. See also Dr Gregor Urbas, Submission 5, p. 1.

[24]      Mr Stephen Odgers SC, Member, National Criminal Law Committee, Law Council of Australia, Proof Committee Hansard, 2 June 2017, p. 7. See also Dr Gregor Urbas, Submission 5, p. 1.

[25]      Mr Stephen Odgers SC, Member, National Criminal Law Committee, Law Council of Australia, Proof Committee Hansard, 2 June 2017, p. 7.

[26]      Ms Monica Biddington, Criminal Code Amendment (Protecting Minors Online) Bill 2017, Bills Digest No. 100, 2016–17, Parliamentary Library, Canberra, 2017, p. 6.

[27]      Ms Monica Biddington, Criminal Code Amendment (Protecting Minors Online) Bill 2017, Bills Digest No. 100, 2016–17, Parliamentary Library, Canberra, 2017, p. 6.

[28]      Dr Gregor Urbas, Submission 5, p. 1.

[29]      Dr Gregor Urbas, Submission 5, p. 1.

[30]      Criminal Code Amendment (Protecting Minors Online) Bill 2017, Explanatory Memorandum (Explanatory Memorandum), p. 10.

[31]      Ms Anne Sheehan, Acting First Assistant Secretary, AGD, Proof Committee Hansard, 2 June 2017, p. 16.

[32]      Explanatory Memorandum, p. 11.

[33]      Law Council of Australia, Submission 1, pp. 9–10 and Australian Lawyers Alliance, Submission 3, pp. 5–6.

[34]      Law Council of Australia, Submission 1, p. 8 and Dr Gregor Urbas, Submission 5, p. 2.

[35]      Sexual Assault Support Service, Submission 2, p. 1.

[36]      Law Council of Australia, Submission 1, p. 9.

[37]      Mr Stephen Odgers SC, Member, National Criminal Law Committee, Law Council of Australia, Proof Committee Hansard, 2 June 2017, p. 6.

[38]      Mr Stephen Odgers SC, Member, National Criminal Law Committee, Law Council of Australia, Proof Committee Hansard, 2 June 2017, p. 6.

[39]      Mr Stephen Odgers SC, Member, National Criminal Law Committee, Law Council of Australia, Proof Committee Hansard, 2 June 2017, p. 6.

[40]      Mr Stephen Odgers SC, Member, National Criminal Law Committee, Law Council of Australia, Proof Committee Hansard, 2 June 2017, p. 7.

[41]      Mr Stephen Odgers SC, Member, National Criminal Law Committee, Law Council of Australia, Proof Committee Hansard, 2 June 2017, p. 7. See also submission from Dr Urbas, Submission 5, p. 2, where he also notes that the fault element for the proposed offence is not clear.

[42]      Mr Stephen Odgers SC, Member, National Criminal Law Committee, Law Council of Australia, Proof Committee Hansard, 2 June 2017, p. 7.

[43]      Australian Lawyers Alliance, Submission 3, p. 5.

[44]      Australian Lawyers Alliance, Submission 3, p. 6.

[45]      Law Council of Australia, Submission 1.1, p. 1.

[46]      Ms Anne Sheehan, Acting First Assistant Secretary, AGD, Proof Committee Hansard, 2 June 2017, p. 17.

[47]      Ms Anne Sheehan, Acting First Assistant Secretary, AGD, Proof Committee Hansard, 2 June 2017, p. 16.

[48]      Superintendent Heath Davies, Acting Manager, Victim-based Crime, Australian Federal Police (AFP), Proof Committee Hansard, 2 June 2017, p. 16.

[49]      Ms Sonya Ryan, Chief Executive Officer and Founder, Carly Ryan Foundation, Proof Committee Hansard, 2 June 2017, p. 1.

[50]      These definitions are found in the Dictionary in the Schedule of the Criminal Code Act 1995 (Criminal Code).

[51]      Law Council of Australia, Submission 1, p. 11.

[52]      This definition is found in the Dictionary in the Schedule of the Criminal Code.

[53]      Law Council of Australia, Submission 1.1, p. 2.

[54]      Ms Monica Biddington, Criminal Code Amendment (Protecting Minors Online) Bill 2017, Bills Digest No. 100, 2016–17, Parliamentary Library, Canberra, 2017, p. 7.

[55]      Ms Monica Biddington, Criminal Code Amendment (Protecting Minors Online) Bill 2017, Bills Digest No. 100, 2016–17, Parliamentary Library, Canberra, 2017, p. 7.

[56]      Attorney-General's Department, Submission 6, p. 4.

[57]      Attorney-General's Department, Submission 6, p. 4.

[58]      Attorney-General's Department, Submission 6, p. 4.

[59]      Ms Anne Sheehan, Acting First Assistant Secretary, AGD, Proof Committee Hansard, 2 June 2017, p. 21.

[60]      Sexual Assault Support Service, Submission 2, p. 1

[61]      Ms Tara Inverarity, Acting Assistant Secretary, AGD, Proof Committee Hansard, 2 June 2017, p. 22.

[62]      Ms Tara Inverarity, Acting Assistant Secretary, AGD, Proof Committee Hansard, 2 June 2017, p. 22.

[63]      Standing Committee for the Scrutiny of Bills, Scrutiny Digest 5 of 2017, 10 May 2017, p. 19.

[64]      Standing Committee for the Scrutiny of Bills, Scrutiny Digest 5 of 2017, 10 May 2017, p. 19.

[65]      Standing Committee for the Scrutiny of Bills, Scrutiny Digest 5 of 2017, 10 May 2017, p. 19.

[66]      Standing Committee for the Scrutiny of Bills, Scrutiny Digest 5 of 2017, 10 May 2017, p. 19.

[67]      Explanatory Memorandum, p. 6.

[68]      Standing Committee for the Scrutiny of Bills, Scrutiny Digest 5 of 2017, 10 May 2017, p. 19.

[69]      Standing Committee for the Scrutiny of Bills, Scrutiny Digest 5 of 2017, 10 May 2017, p. 20.

[70]      Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet, Legislation Handbook, 1999, p. 31

[71]      Explanatory Memorandum, p. 13.

[72]      Law Council of Australia, Submission 1, p. 11.

[73]      Attorney-General's Department, Submission 6, pp. 6–7.

[74]      Attorney-General's Department, Submission 6, p. 6.

Dissenting report by the Australian Greens

[1]        Australian Lawyers Alliance, Submission 3, p. 6.

[2]        Law Council of Australia, Submission 1, p. 7.

[3]        Mr Stephen Odgers SC, Member, National Criminal Law Committee, Law Council of Australia, Proof Committee Hansard, 2 June 2017, p. 8.