Footnotes

Chapter 1 - Introduction

[1]        Australian Government Productivity Commission, Review of the Disability Discrimination Act 1992, 2004.

[2]        Older People and the Law, 2007.

Chapter 2 - Overview

[1]        Item 1, section 16.

[2]        Or because of characteristics that appertain or are generally imputed to persons of the age of a person.

[3]        Older People and the Law, House of Representatives Standing Committee on Legal and Constitutional Affairs, 2007, Recommendation 43, paragraph 6.36,

[4]        Item 5: Subsection 4(1) (paragraph (j) of the definition of disability)

[5]        Australian Government Productivity Commission, Review of the Disability Discrimination Act 1992, 2004.

[6]        Essentially Yours: The Protection of Human Genetic Information in Australia, Joint Report of the Australian Law Reform Commission and the National Health and Medical Research Council, 2003.

[7]        Item 6: Subsection 4(1) (at the end of the definition of disability).

[8]        Purvis v The State of New South Wales (Department of Education and Training) [2003] HCA 62

[9]        Hon. Robert McClelland, Second Reading Speech, House Hansard, 3 December 2008, p. 12292.

[10]      subsection 4(1) (Item 13). The definition is consistent with the definition of 'reasonable accommodation' in Article 2 of the Disabilities Convention.

[11]      Australian Government Productivity Commission, Review of the Disability Discrimination Act 1992, 2004, Finding 11.4, page 315.

[12]      Australian Government Productivity Commission, Review of the Disability Discrimination Act 1992, 2004, Recommendation 11.3.

[13]      [2008] FCAFC 96 [Forest]. The Full Federal Court stated in Forest that the provisions in Part 2 of the Act, which render certain discrimination unlawful, refer only to discrimination on the grounds of the disability of a person or a person's associate, not the types of discrimination defined in sections 7–9.

[14]      Item 11: Subsection 4(1) (at the end of the definition of discriminate), referring to ss 7 and 8.

[15]      Paragraph 9(2)(c).

[16]      See existing section 11.

[17]      New subsection 11(1).

[18]      New paragraph 11(1)(d).

[19]      Item 41: Section 21A.

[20]      Australian Government Productivity Commission, Review of the Disability Discrimination Act 1992, 2004, Recommendation 8.4.

[21]      Proposed Section 21A.

[22]      Essentially Yours: The Protection of Human Genetic Information in Australia, Joint Report of the Australian Law Reform Commission and the National Health and Medical Research Council, 2003, Recommendation 31-3.

[23]      Explanatory Memorandum, p. 15.

[24]      Australian Government Productivity Commission, Review of the Disability Discrimination Act 1992, 2004, Recommendation 14.3.

[25]      Existing standards are saved, notwithstanding any new duty to consult with state and territory ministers, by Item 63.

[26]      Items 68 and 88. See also Items 122, 131, 137 140, 141 and 163 perform a similar function in relation to the HREOC Act, while Items 1-3, 5, 7-12 and 14 of Schedule 4 have a similar effect in relation to the RDA and the SDA.

[27]      Australian Government Productivity Commission, Review of the Disability Discrimination Act 1992, 2004, Recommendation 12.4.

[28]      Section 59. See section 61 of the DDA for what action plans do.

[29]      Schedule 3, Part 1.

[30]      'HREOC will now be known as the Australian Human Rights Commission', Media Release, 4 September 2008.

[31]      Item 154.

[32]      Recommendation 13.2.

[33]      Item 123: Section 17, repeals section 17.

[34]      Item 125.

[35]      Items 129 and 147

[36]      Item 152.

[37]      Items 156 and 157.

[38]      Items 117, 119, 149, 175 and 179

[39]      Item 118: Subsection 126(1), Item 159. See also Items 178 and 180, which perform a similar function in relation to the Racial Discrimination Act 1975 and the Sex Discrimination Act 1984, respectively.

[40]      Items 121, 133, 135, 136, 139, 160, 161 and 164-166 

[41]      Items 122, 131, 137 140, 141 and 163

[42]      Items 167-172, 173-174, 176.

Chapter 3 - Issues

[1]        See, for example, Disability Council of New South Wales, Submission 14, p.1; the Australian Employers' Network on Disability, Submission 10, p. 1; University of Sydney Students' Representative Council, Submission 11, p. 2; Kate Eastman and Ben Fogarty, Submission 23, p. 1; Dr Belinda Smith, Submission 15, p. 1.

[2]        See, for example, Spinal Cord Injuries Australia, Submission 6, p. 1; Public Interest Advocacy Centre, Submission 7, p. 4.

[3]        See, for example, the Australian Tertiary Education Network on Disability (ATEND), Submission 9, p. 1; Disability Council of New South Wales, Submission 14, p.2; Dr Belinda Smith, Submission 15, p. 5; Public Interest Advocacy Centre, Submission 7, p. 5.

[4]        See, for example, Australian Deafblind Council, Submission 25, p. 1; Law Council of Australia, Submission 17, p. 4; Dr Belinda Smith, Submission 15, p. 1; Carers Australia, Submission 8, p. 1.

[5]        ACCI, Submission 37, p. 2.

[6]        New section 5.

[7]        See, for example, AHRC, Submission 16, p. 6; Kate Eastman and Ben Fogarty, Submission 23, p. 4; NSW Disability Discrimination Legal Centre, Submission 27, p. 4.

[8]        AHRC, Submission 16, p. 6.

[9]        NSW Disability Discrimination Legal Centre, Submission 27, p. 4.

[10]      Human Rights Law Resource Centre, Submission 20, pp 10, 11.

[11]      See, for example, the AHRC, Submission  16, p. 7; NSW Disability Discrimination Legal Centre, Submission 27, p. 4.

[12]      Mr Peter Arnaudo, Attorney-General's Department, Committee Hansard, 6 February 2009, pp 16–17.

[13]      AHRC, Submission 16, p. 7.

[14]      AHRC, Submission 16, p. 7. See also, for example, Dr Belinda Smith, Submission 15, p.

[15]      Mr Graeme Innes, Australian Human Rights Commissioner, Committee Hansard, 21 January 2009, p. 2.

[16]      Mr Peter Arnaudo, Attorney-General's Department, Committee Hansard, 6 February 2009, p. 15.

[17]      Mr Peter Arnaudo, Attorney-General's Department, Committee Hansard, 6 February 2009, p. 16.

[18]      Australian Government Productivity Commission, Review of the Disability Discrimination Act 1992, 2004, p. 307.

[19]      Australian Government Productivity Commission, Review of the Disability Discrimination Act 1992, 2004, p. 307.

[20]      Australian Government Productivity Commission, Review of the Disability Discrimination Act 1992, 2004, p. 312.

[21]      See, for example, Human Rights Law Resource Centre, Submission 20, pp 11, 12.

[22]      See, for example, Kate Eastman and Ben Fogarty, Submission 23, p. 5; Dr Belinda Smith, Submission 15, p. 5;

[23]      See, for example, Dr Belinda Smith, Submission 15, p. 5; Law Council of Australia, Submission 17, p. 6; Public Interest Advocacy Centre, Submission 7, p. 3.

[24]      See, for example, Blind Citizens Australia, Submission 24, p. 6; Vision Australia, Submission 32, pp 6–7; Anti-Discrimination Commissioner for Tasmania, Submission 1, p. 5.

[25]      Hinchcliffe v University of Sydney (2004) 186 FLR 376.

[26]      Hinchcliffe v University of Sydney (2004) 186 FLR 376, paragraph 115.

[27]      AHRC, Submission  16, p. 9. See also Dr Belinda Smith, Submission 15, p. 5.

[28]      See, for example, Human Rights Law Resource Centre, Submission 20, p. 14.

[29]      Mr Graeme Innes, Australian Human Rights Commissioner, Committee Hansard, 21 January 2009, p. 3.

[30]      Human Rights Law Resource Centre, Submission 20, p. 15.

[31]      Mr Peter Arnaudo, Attorney-General's Department, Committee Hansard, 6 February 2009, p. 16.

[32]      See, for example, the Australian Tertiary Education Network on Disability (ATEND), Submission 9, p. 1; Disability Council of New South Wales, Submission 14, p.2; Dr Belinda Smith, Submission 15, p. 5.

[33]      Dr Belinda Smith, Submission 15, p. 5.

[34]      See, for example, Human Rights Law Resource Centre, Submission 20, p. 21. Unjustifiable hardship is discussed elsewhere in this chapter.

[35]      Human Rights Law Resource Centre, Submission 20, p. 21

[36]      Public Interest Advocacy Centre, Submission 7, p. 5. See also, for example, the Law Council of Australia, Submission 17, pp 4–5.

[37]      See, for example, NSW Disability Discrimination Legal Centre, Submission 27, p. 3.

[38]      See, for example, Ms Robin Banks, Public Interest Advocacy Centre, Committee Hansard, 21 January 2009, p. 13.

[39]      AHRC, Submission 16, p. 14.

[40]      AHRC, Submission 16, p. 14.

[41]      Mr Graeme Innes, Australian Human Rights Commissioner, Committee Hansard, 21 January 2009, p. 3.

[42]      Mr Peter Arnaudo, Attorney-General's Department, Committee Hansard, 6 February 2009, p. 17.

[43]      Ms Rachel Antone, Attorney-General's Department, Committee Hansard, 6 February 2009, p. 18.

[44]      Dr Belinda Smith, Submission 15, p. 5.

[45]      See, for example, the foregoing discussion of the definitions of discrimination as they appear in the DDA as compared with the SDA.

[46]      Mr Peter Arnaudo, Attorney-General's Department, Committee Hansard, 6 February 2009, p. 5.

[47]      See, for example, Senate Standing Committee on Legal and Constitutional Affairs, Report on the provisions of the Evidence Amendment Bill 2008, p. 35.

[48]      See, for example, Carers Australia, Submission 8, p. 2; Law Council of Australia, Submission 17, p. 5; Disability Council of NSW, Submission 14, p. 4; AHRC, Submission 16, p. 18; Anti-Discrimination Commissioner for Tasmania, Submission 1, p. 5.

[49]      NSW Disability Discrimination Legal Centre, Submission 27, p. 7. See also, for example, Submission 38 (name withheld), p. 1.

[50]      Guide Dogs SA and NT, Submission 26, p. 2.

[51]      Australian Deafblind Council, Submission 25, p. 3.

[52]      Guide Dogs SA and NT, Submission 26, p. 3.

[53]      Mr Peter Arnaudo, Attorney-General's Department, Committee Hansard, 6 February 2009, p. 8.

[54]      Mr Peter Arnaudo, Attorney-General's Department, Committee Hansard, 6 February 2009, p. 11.

[55]      Essentially Yours: The Protection of Human Genetic Information in Australia, Australian Law Reform Commission, 2003, Recommendation 31-3.

[56]      ALRC, Submission 19, p. 6.

[57]      Human Rights Law Resource Centre, Submission 20, p. 23.

[58]      AHRC, Submission 16, pp 19–20.

[59]      Mr Peter Arnaudo, Attorney-General's Department, Committee Hansard, 6 February 2009, p. 20.

[60]      ACCI, Submission 37, p. 13.

[61]      Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission Regulations 1989 (Cth).

[62]      Essentially Yours: The Protection of Human Genetic Information in Australia, Joint Report of the Australian Law Reform Commission and the National Health and Medical Research Council, 2003, Recommendation 9–3.

[63]      ALRC, Submission 19, p. 4.

[64]      Attorney-General's Department, answers to questions on notice, received 11 February 2009.

[65]      See, for example, Kate Eastman and Ben Fogarty, Submission 23, p. 6; Australian Tertiary Education Network on Disability, Submission 9, p. 1; Dr Belinda Smith, Submission 15, p. 6; ACCI, Submission 37, p. 11.

[66]      Vision Australia, Submission 32, pp 8, 9.

[67]      Law Council of Australia, Submission 17, p. 7.

[68]      See, for example, the Law Council of Australia, Submission 17, p. 7; Kate Eastman and Ben Fogarty, Submission 23, p. 6; AHRC, Submission 19, p. 3.

[69]      NSW Disability Discrimination Legal Centre, Submission 27, p. 2.

[70]      Mr Peter Arnaudo, Attorney-General's Department, Committee Hansard, 6 February 2009, p. 18, by reference to new section 11(2) of the Bill.

[71]      Explanatory Memorandum, paragraph 106.

[72]      See, for example, Human Rights Law Resource Centre, Submission 20, p. 25.

[73]      See, for example, People with Disabilities Australia, Submission 21, p. 6; Multicultural Disability Advocacy Association of NSW, Submission 31, p. 2; Public Interest Advocacy Centre, Submission 7, p. 5.

[74]      Human Rights Law Resource Centre, Submission 20, p. 25.

[75]      Multicultural Disability Advocacy Association of NSW, Submission 31, p. 2.

[76]      Ms Robin Banks, Public Interest Advocacy Centre, Committee Hansard, 21 January 2009, p. 14.

[77]      Mr Peter Arnaudo, Attorney-General's Department, Committee Hansard, 6 February 2009, p. 2.

[78]      Australian Government Productivity Commission, Review of the Disability Discrimination Act 1992, 2004, Recommendation 8.4.

[79]      Attorney-General's Department, answers to questions on notice, received 11 February 2009.

[80]      Public Interest Advocacy Centre, Submission 7, pp 3–4. See also the Law Council of Australia, Submission 17, pp 7–8.

[81]      People with Disabilities, Submission 21, p. 8; NSW Disability Discrimination legal Centre, Submission 27, p. 9. See also, for example, Ms Robin Banks, Public Interest Advocacy Centre, Committee Hansard, 21 January 2009, p. 15.

[82]      NSW Disability Discrimination Legal Centre, Submission 27, p. 9.

[83]      NSW Disability Discrimination Legal Centre, Submission 27, p. 9.

[84]      Australian Government Productivity Commission, Review of the Disability Discrimination Act 1992, 2004, Finding 13.5.

[85]      Mr Peter Arnaudo, Attorney-General's Department, Committee Hansard, 6 February 2009, p. 19.

[86]      Attorney-General's Department, answers to questions on notice, received 11 February 2009.

[87]      Mr Peter Arnaudo, Attorney-General's Department, Committee Hansard, 6 February 2009, p. 13.

[88]      Mr Peter Arnaudo, Attorney-General's Department, Committee Hansard, 6 February 2009, p. 13.

[89]      Australian Government Productivity Commission, Review of the Disability Discrimination Act 1992, 2004, Recommendation 9.2.

Liberal Senators' Additional Comments

[1]        McDougall v Kimberley-Clark Australia Pty Ltd (Anti Discrimination) [2006] VCAT 1563

[2]        McDougall v Kimberley-Clark Australia Pty Ltd (Anti Discrimination) [2006] VCAT 1563, paragraph 16.

[3]        ACCI, Submission  37, p. 19.

[4]        Marsden v HREOC & Coffs Harbour & District Ex-Servicemen & Women’s Memorial Club Ltd

[5]        Disability Discrimination Act Amendment Bill 2003

[6]        ACCI, Submission  37, p. 20.

[7]        See, for example, Physical Disability Australia, Submission  5, pp 7–8.

[8]        Blind Citizens Australia, Submission  24, p. 2.

[9]        Sydney Opera House, Submission  22, p. 1.

[10]      Proposed section 5(1).

[11]      ACCI, Submission  37, p. 12.

[12]      The Productivity Commission noted that it was an original intention of the Act that a refusal to make reasonable adjustments could amount to discrimination. See Australian Government Productivity Commission, Review of the Disability Discrimination Act 1992, 2004, pp 189, 190 and 194.

[13]      Australian Government Productivity Commission, Review of the Disability Discrimination Act 1992, 2004, p. xlvi

[14]      Mr Peter Arnaudo, Attorney-General's Department, Committee Hansard, 6 February 2009, p. 12.

[15]      PC – rec 14.5.

[16]      ARA, Submission 28, p. 3.

[17]      Mr Graeme Innes, AHRC, Committee Hansard, 21 January 2009, p. 10.

[18]      ACCI, p. 1.