Footnotes

Chapter 2 - The supermarkets' recent price decisions

[1]        Coles, ‘Because we all buy milk: Coles cuts the price to help shoppers save', Media release, 26 January 2011.

[2]        Coles, ‘Because we all buy milk: Coles cuts the price to help shoppers save', Media release, 26 January 2011.

[3]        Coles stated that the price of Coles brand butter will fall by up to 41 per cent (from $2.37 to $1.39 in NSW, QLD and Victoria for 250g unsalted). The price of Coles Brand cream will be reduced by up to 30 per cent (biggest saving in Victoria—from $1.79 to $1.25 for 300mL thickened cream). Coles, 'Coles cuts more prices across the store to help customers save – Butter, cream and olive oil ‘Down Down’ and staying down!', Media release, 3 February 2011.

[4]        Australian Egg Industry Association, Submission 148.

[5]        The Australian, 'Farmers angry as Aldi and Franklins join the club on milk prices', 28 January 2011, http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/nation/farmers-angry-as-aldi-and-franklins-join-the-club-on-milk-prices/story-e6frg6nf-1225995753986 (accessed 22 February 2011).

[6]        Courier Mail, 'Supermarket war between Coles and Woolworths cuts milk price', 27 January 2011, http://www.couriermail.com.au/lifestyle/supermarket-war-cuts-milk-price/story-e6frer4f-1225995314655 (accessed 22 February 2011).

[7]        Australian Dairy Industry Council, Submission 96, p. 10.

[8]        This estimate is substantiated in Australian Dairy Industry Council, Submission 96, p. 11.

[9]        Coles, Submission 131, p. 7.

[10]      Coles, Submission 131, p. 16.

[11]      Mr Ian McLeod, Managing Director, Coles, Proof Committee Hansard, 29 March 2011, p. 41.

[12]      The committee has observed Coles catalogues advertising the milk price reductions which state "Not on special. Down and staying down, every day!" Examples can be found at: http://catalog.coles.com.au/Catalogues/78d4a61c-973b-43dc-a0ce-80b2c68a7ed4/files/c-vic-met-1002.pdf and http://catalog.coles.com.au/Catalogues/1fed77cd-843e-48d4-99d3-274555c035d8/files/c-nsw-met-1003.pdf (accessed 10 April 2011).

[13]      Mr Brian Cassidy, Chief Executive Officer, Australian Competition and Consumer Commission, Committee Hansard, 9 March 2011, p. 41.

[14]      Mr Brian Cassidy, Chief Executive Officer, Australian Competition and Consumer Commission, Committee Hansard, 9 March 2011, p. 21.

[15]      Mr Keith Mentiplay, Director, Technical and Business Development, National Foods, Committee Hansard, 9 March 2011, p. 73.

[16]      Mr John Durkan, Merchandise Director, Coles, Proof Committee Hansard, 29 March 2011, p. 67.

[17]      Mr John Durkan, Merchandise Director, Coles, Proof Committee Hansard, 29 March 2011, p. 39.

[18]      Professor Stephen King, Proof Committee Hansard, 10 March 2011, p. 43.

[19]      Professor Stephen King, Proof Committee Hansard, 10 March 2011, p. 43.

[20]      Dr Howard Smith and Dr John Thanassoulis, The Milk Supply Chain Project, January 2008, University of Oxford, p. 36.

[21]      Dr Howard Smith and Dr John Thanassoulis, The Milk Supply Chain Project, January 2008, University of Oxford, p. 7.

[22]      Mr Ian McLeod, Managing Director, Coles, Proof Committee Hansard, 29 March 2011, p. 77.

[23]      Coles, Submission 131, p. 12.

[24]      Woolworths, Submission 98, p. 3.

[25]      Woolworths, Submission 98, p. 3.

[26]      Mr Pat McEntee, General Manager, Fresh Foods, Woolworths, Proof Committee Hansard, 29 March 2011, p. 11.

[27]      Mr Pat McEntee, General Manager, Fresh Foods, Woolworths, Proof Committee Hansard, 29 March 2011, p. 4.

[28]      Mr Christopher Griffin, Vice President, Australian Dairy Farmers, Committee Hansard, 8 March 2011, p. 2.

[29]      Mr Adrian Peake, Chief Executive Officer, Queensland Dairyfarmers' Organisation, Committee Hansard, 8 March 2011, p. 83.

[30]      Mr Gregory McNamara, Chairman, Norco Co-operative, Committee Hansard, 8 March 2011, p. 21.

[31]      Amalgamated Milk Vendors Association, Submission 91, p. 3.

[32]      Dr Mark McGovern, Submission 106, p. 2.

[33]      Dairy Youth Australia, Submission 79, p. 1.

[34]      Mrs Natalie Mellor and Mr Craig Mellor, Submission 108, p. 2.

[35]      Mr David Basham, President, South Australian Dairyfarmers' Association, Committee Hansard, 8 March 2011, p. 62.

[36]      Mr Adrian Peake, Chief Executive Officer, Queensland Dairyfarmers' Organisation, Committee Hansard, 8 March 2011, pp. 85-86.

[37]      Ms Kath and Mr Gavin Robb, Submission 1.

[38]      Mr Ken Lyons, Chief Executive Officer, South Australian Dairyfarmers' Association, Committee Hansard, 8 March 2011, p. 65.

[39]      Associate Professor Frank Zumbo, Committee Hansard, 9 March 2011, p. 50.

[40]      Parmalat Australia, Submission 117, p. 2.

[41]      Mr Christopher Phillips, General Manager, Trade and Strategy, Dairy Australia, Committee Hansard, 8 March 2011, p. 5.

[42]      Mr Brad Archer, Department of the Treasury, Proof Committee Hansard, 10 March 2011, p. 5.

[43]      Dr Carol Steiner, Submission 110, p. 1.

[44]      Mr Paul Morris, Deputy Executive Director, Australian Bureau of Agricultural and Resource Economics and Sciences, Proof Committee Hansard, 10 March 2011, p. 20. Mr Morris prefaced his remarks by noting that this information was compiled at short notice in response to evidence given during the hearing conducted the previous day, and the reliability of the information may be affected as a result.

[45]      Mr Ian McLeod, Managing Director, Coles, Proof Committee Hansard, 29 March 2011, p. 36.

[46]      Mr McLeod tabled a chart to support his statement. See Coles, Additional information no. 6, Appendix IV.

[47]      Mr Colin Lawson, Manager, Industry Relations, Amalgamated Milk Vendors Association, Committee Hansard, 9 March 2011, p. 79.

[48]      See, for example, Australian Dairy Farmers, Committee Hansard, 8 March 2011, p. 14.

[49]      Mr John Cummings, Chairman, National Association of Retail Grocers of Australia, Committee Hansard, 9 March 2011, p. 5.

[50]      Mr Bob Paton, Secretary, Amalgamated Milk Vendors Association, Committee Hansard, 9 March 2011, p. 78.

[51]      Ms Julie Gration, Programming and Consultancy Pty Ltd trading as Macarthur Milk, Proof Committee Hansard, 10 March 2011, p. 80.

[52]      Mr David Reynolds, Owner-Operator, Yentrac, trading as Goolwa Foodland, Committee Hansard, 8 March 2011, pp. 47, 50-51.

[53]      Dr Carol Steiner, Submission 110, p. 1.

[54]      Mr Ken Henrick, Chief Executive Officer, National Association of Retail Grocers of Australia, Committee Hansard, 9 March 2011, p. 11.

[55]      Committee Hansard, 8 March 2011, p. 40.

[56]      Australian Food and Grocery Council, Submission 100, p. 4.

[57]      National Competition Council, 'Dairy – Now and then: the Australian dairy industry since deregulation', NCC Occasional Series, October 2004; cited in Department of the Treasury, Submission 111, p. 23.

[58]      Queensland Dairyfarmers' Organisation, Submission 94, p. 5.

[59]      Clover Hill Dairies, Submission 53, p. 5.

[60]      Dr Carol Steiner, Submission 110, p. 1.

[61]      DairyCo, 'UK, GB and NI Farmgate Prices' www.dairyco.org.uk/datum/milk-prices-and-contracts/farmgate-prices/uk,-gb-and-ni-farmgate-prices.aspx (accessed 28 February 2011).

[62]      House of Commons Library, Standard Note: Milk Prices, www.parliament.uk/briefingpapers/commons/lib/research/briefings/snsc-00546.pdf (accessed 21 February 2011), p. 1.

[63]      National Farmers Union (UK), NFU Cost of Milk Production Report April 2010 – March 2011 Estimates, www.nfuonline.com/News/COP-Report-February-2011/ ; National Farmer' Union, 'Too little, too late—Raymond', www.nfuonline.com/Your-sector/Dairy/News/-Too-little,-too-late----Raymond/ (accessed 28 February 2011).

[64]      House of Commons Library, Standard Note: Milk Prices, www.parliament.uk/briefingpapers/commons/lib/research/briefings/snsc-00546.pdf (accessed 21 February 2011), p. 1.

[65]      Times Online, 'Asda and Tesco launch price war over milk', www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/uk/article4535919.ece, 15 August 2008 (accessed 22 February 2011).

[66]      The remaining major supermarket chains’ market shares are as follows: Asda (17.0%), Sainsbury’s (16.4%) and Morrison’s (12.0%). See Reuters, 'Tesco gains UK grocery market share – Kantar', 7 December 2010, www.reuters.com/article/2010/12/07/britain-grocery-kantar-idUSLDE6B61DS20101207, (accessed 28 February 2011).

[67]      At the time, £0.55 was equivalent to approximately 98 Australian cents.

[68]      The Grocer, 'Milk price war sacrifices value at altar of volume', 6 November 2010, www.thegrocer.co.uk/articles.aspx?page=articles&ID=213768 (accessed 28 February 2011).

[69]      The Grocer, 'Tesco halts the milk wars with 24% hike', 26 November 2010, www.thegrocer.co.uk/articles.aspx?page=articles&ID=214215 (accessed 22 February 2011).

[70]      National Foods, Submission 97, p. 18.

[71]      The Guardian, 'Wiseman Dairies warns on profits', 16 September 2010, www.guardian.co.uk/business/2010/sep/16/wiseman-dairies-profit-warning (accessed 28 February 2011).

[72]      Times Online, 'Asda and Tesco launch price war over milk', www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/uk/article4535919.ece, 15 August 2008 (accessed 22 February 2011).

[73]      NSW Farmers Association, Submission 124, p. 11.

[74]      Queensland Dairyfarmers' Organisation, Submission 94, p. 25.

[75]      House of Commons Library, Standard Note: Milk Prices, www.parliament.uk/briefingpapers/commons/lib/research/briefings/snsc-00546.pdf (accessed 21 February 2011), p. 5.

[76]      Mr Colin Lawson, Manager, Industry Relations, Amalgamated Milk Vendors Association, Committee Hansard, 9 March 2011, p. 86.

[77]      Mr David Basham, President, South Australian Dairyfarmers' Association, Committee Hansard, 8 March 2011, p. 57.

[78]      Mr Christopher Phillips, General Manager, Trade and Strategy, Dairy Australia, Committee Hansard, 8 March 2011, p. 13.

[79]      Dairy UK, The White Paper: A report on the UK dairy industry, June 2010, p. 22.

[80]      Australian Dairy Farmers, Response to questions on notice no. 7, received 28 March 2011, p. 15.

Chapter 3 - The Australian dairy industry

[1]        Dairy Australia, Australian Dairy Industry in Focus 2010, p. 9.

[2]        Dairy Australia, Australian Dairy Industry in Focus 2010, p. 18.

[3]        Dairy Australia, Dairy 2010 Situation and Outlook, May 2010, p. 8.

[4]        Dairy Australia, Australian Dairy Industry in Focus 2010, p. 22.

[5]        Dairy Australia, Australian Dairy Industry in Focus 2010, pp. 19-20.

[6]        Dairy Australia, Australian Dairy Industry in Focus 2010, pp. 11-12.

[7]        Dairy Australia, Australian Dairy Industry in Focus 2010, p. 17.

[8]        Dairy Australia, Dairy 2011 Situation and Outlook: February update, February 2011, p. 14.

[9]        Dairy Australia, Australian Dairy Industry in Focus 2010, p. 26.

[10]      Fonterra Australia, Submission 81, p. 2; Freehills, 'Freehills advises Archer Capital on the acquisition of Brownes dairy and juice business', www.freehills.com.au/7029.aspx (accessed 9 April 2011).

[11]      ABC Rural, 'Christmas payments to Challenge dairy farmers', 22 December 2010, www.abc.net.au/rural/wa/content/2010/12/s3099694.htm (accessed 23 February 2011).

[12]      Examples include Pura, Dairy Farmers, Pauls, Harvey Fresh, Canberra Milk, Norco and Brownes. Some of these are the names of formerly independent processors which have been retained when they have been taken over by other companies.

[13]      Dairy Australia, Dairy 2011 Situation and Outlook: February update, February 2011, p. 6.

[14]      Coles, Submission 131, p. 12.

[15]      Coles, Response to questions on notice no. 12, received 19 April 2011, p. 6.

[16]      Dairy Australia, Australian Dairy Industry in Focus 2010, p. 26.

[17]      Australian Dairy Industry Council, Submission 96, p. 8; Dairy Australia, Dairy 2010 Situation and Outlook, May 2010, p. 31.

[18]      Dairy Australia, Dairy 2010 Situation and Outlook, May 2010, p. 31.

Chapter 4 - Prices and profitability in the supply chain

[1]        Mr Kim Evans, Secretary, Tasmanian Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Energy, Senate Select Committee on Agriculture and Related Industries Hansard, 6 October 2009, pp. 32-34.

[2]        Australian Competition and Consumer Commission, Report of the ACCC inquiry into the competitiveness of retail prices for standard groceries, July 2008, p. 230.

[3]        Dairy Australia, Dairy 2009: Situation and Outlook, June 2009.

[4]        Dairy Australia, Australian Dairy Industry in Focus 2010, p. 37.

[5]        Mr Mark Smith, Dairy Tasmania, Senate Economics References Committee Hansard, Inquiry into competition and pricing in the Australian dairy industry, 6 November 2009, pp. 25-26.

[6]        Dairy Australia, Australian Dairy Industry in Focus 2010, p. 13.

[7]        Australian Bureau of Agricultural and Resource Economics, Australian dairy: financial performance of Australian dairy farms, 2007–08 to 2009–10, June 2010, p. 3.

[8]        Senate Select Committee on Agricultural and Related industries, Inquiry into food production in Australia—Third interim report, 26 November 2009, p. 12.

[9]        Mr Mark Smith, Dairy Tasmania, Senate Economics References Committee Hansard, Inquiry into competition and pricing in the Australian dairy industry, 6 November 2009, p. 25.

[10]      Mr Christopher Phillips, General Manager, Trade and Strategy, Dairy Australia, Committee Hansard, 8 March 2011, p. 12.

[11]      These issues were also examined in the committee's 2010 report. See Senate Economics References Committee, Milking it for all it’s worth—competition and pricing in the Australian dairy industry, 13 May 2010, pp. 77-81.

[12]      Dr Neil Moss, Senior Consultant, SBScibus, Proof Committee Hansard, 10 March 2011, p. 67.

[13]      Amalgamated Milk Vendors Association, Submission 91, p. 3.

[14]      Mr Peter Walsh, Manager, Government Relations, National Foods, Committee Hansard, 9 March 2011, p. 66.

[15]      Mr Pat McEntee, General Manager, Fresh Foods, Woolworths, Proof Committee Hansard, 29 March 2011, p. 3; Mr John Durkan, Merchandise Director, Coles, Proof Committee Hansard, 29 March 2011, p. 43.

[16]      National Foods, Submission 97, p. 17.

[17]      National Foods, Submission 97, p. 16.

[18]      Clover Hill Dairies, Submission 53, p. 2.

[19]      Dairy Farmers Milk Co‑operative, Milk Policy Guide, www.dfmc.org.au/docs/Milk%20Policy%20Document%202010.pdf (accessed 2 March 2011) pp. 2-3.

[20]      Mr Brian Tessmann, President, Queensland Dairyfarmers' Organisation, Committee Hansard, 8 March 2011, p. 89.

[21]      Mr Adrian Drury, Vice President, Australian Dairy Farmers, Committee Hansard, 8 March 2011, p. 11.

[22]      Mr Brian Tessmann, President, Queensland Dairyfarmers' Organisation, Committee Hansard, 8 March 2011, pp. 86-87.

[23]      Mr Peter Walsh, Manager, Government Relations, National Foods, Committee Hansard, 9 March 2011, p. 72.

[24]      See Senate Economics References Committee, Milking it for all it’s worth—competition and pricing in the Australian dairy industry, 13 May 2010, pp. 32-37.

[25]      Queensland Dairyfarmers' Organisation, Submission 113, p. 27

[26]      Mr Ian Zandstra, Chairman, Dairy Farmers Milk Co-operative, Committee Hansard, 8 March 2011, p. 71.

[27]      Coles, Submission 131, p. 11.

[28]      Mr Ian McLeod, Managing Director, Coles, Proof Committee Hansard, 29 March 2011, p. 49.

[29]      National Foods, Submission 97, p. 6.

[30]      National Foods noted that at the time of their hearing it was too early to update these figures to reflect shifts from branded milk to generic as a result of the retail price discounts: Mr Duncan Makeig, Group Sustainability Director and General Counsel, National Foods, Committee Hansard, 9 March 2011, p. 63.

[31]      Mr Duncan Makeig, Group Sustainability Director and General Counsel, National Foods, Committee Hansard, 9 March 2011, p. 67.

[32]      Fonterra Australia, Submission 81, p. 1.

[33]      Mr Christopher Phillips, General Manager, Trade and Strategy, Dairy Australia, Committee Hansard, 8 March 2011, p. 7.

[34]      Mr Ian Zandstra, Chairman, Dairy Farmers Milk Co-operative, Committee Hansard, 8 March 2011, p. 71.

[35]      Coles, Letter to Senator Alan Eggleston, Additional information no. 1, 18 February 2011, p. 1.

[36]      Mr Duncan Makeig, Group Sustainability Director and General Counsel, National Foods, Committee Hansard, 9 March 2011, p. 72.

[37]      Mr Christopher Phillips, General Manager, Trade and Strategy, Dairy Australia, Committee Hansard, 8 March 2011, p. 5.

[38]      Norco Co-operative, Response to questions on notice no. 1, received 23 March 2011, p. 1.

[39]      Australian Dairy Farmers, Committee Hansard, 8 March 2011, p. 18.

[40]      See Committee Hansard, 8 March 2011, pp. 55, 63, 78 and 90.

[41]      Mr Adrian Drury, Australian Dairy Farmers, Committee Hansard, 8 March 2011, p. 10.

[42]      Australian Bureau of Agricultural and Resource Economics and Sciences, 'ABARES Home', www.daff.gov.au/abare-brs (accessed 18 March 2011).

[43]      Mr Paul Morris, Deputy Executive Director, Australian Bureau of Agricultural and Resource Economics and Sciences, Proof Committee Hansard, 10 March 2011, p. 27.

[44]      Senate Economics References Committee, Milking it for all it’s worth—competition and pricing in the Australian dairy industry, 13 May 2010, p. 40.

[45]      Senate Economics References Committee, Milking it for all it’s worth—competition and pricing in the Australian dairy industry, 13 May 2010, p. 42.

[46]      Mr Ian Zandstra, Chairman, Dairy Farmers Milk Co-operative, Committee Hansard, 8 March 2011, p. 73.

[47]      NSW Farmers' Association, Submission 124, p. 6.

[48]      The Hon. Robert Brokenshire MLC, Proof Committee Hansard, 10 March 2011, p. 57.

[49]      Dairy Farmers Milk Co-operative, Submission 66, p. 6.

[50]      Mr Ian Zandstra, Chairman, Dairy Farmers Milk Co-operative, Committee Hansard, 8 March 2011, p. 73.

[51]      Mr Ian Zandstra, Chairman, Dairy Farmers Milk Co-operative, Committee Hansard, 8 March 2011, p. 73.

[52]      Clover Hill Dairies, Submission 53, pp. 8-9.

Chapter 5 - Supplier-purchaser relationships

[1]        National Foods, Submission 97, p. 4.

[2]        Southern Collective Bargaining Group NSW, Submission 105, p. 1.

[3]        Mr Adrian Peake, Chief Executive Officer, Queensland Dairyfarmers' Organisation, Committee Hansard, 8 March 2011, p. 85.

[4]        Mrs Lynne Strong, Clover Hill Dairies, Proof Committee Hansard, 10 March 2011, p. 67.

[5]        Mr Brad Archer, Department of the Treasury, Proof Committee Hansard, 10 March 2011, p. 11.

[6]        Mr Adrian Drury, Vice President, Australian Dairy Farmers, Committee Hansard, 8 March 2011, p. 5.

[7]        Professor Stephen King, Proof Committee Hansard, 10 March 2011, p. 43.

[8]        Mr Christopher Phillips, General Manager, Trade and Strategy, Dairy Australia, Committee Hansard, 8 March 2011, p. 11.

[9]        Australian Competition and Consumer Commission, 'What is authorisation?', www.accc.gov.au/content/index.phtml/itemId/776251 (accessed 18 March 2011).

[10]      Mr Brian Cassidy, Chief Executive Officer, Australian Competition and Consumer Commission, Committee Hansard, 9 March 2011, p. 39.

[11]      Australian Dairy Farmers, Application for Revocation of a Non-Merger Authorisation and Substitution of a New Authorisation, received by the ACCC on 8 March 2011, www.accc.gov.au/content/index.phtml/itemId/977053/fromItemId/278039 (accessed 21 March 2011), p. 3.

[12]      Mr Grant Rogers, Senate Economics References Committee Hansard, Inquiry into competition and pricing in the Australian dairy industry, 5 November 2009, p. 4.

[13]      Mr Brian Cassidy, Chief Executive Officer, Australian Competition and Consumer Commission, Committee Hansard, 9 March 2011, p. 39.

[14]      Mr Brian Cassidy, Chief Executive Officer, Australian Competition and Consumer Commission, Committee Hansard, 9 March 2011, pp. 39-40. Similar sentiments were expressed by other officials: Mr Simon Murnane, General Manager, Livestock Industries and Animal Welfare Branch, Agricultural Productivity Division, Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, Proof Committee Hansard, 10 March 2011, p. 25.

[15]      Mr Brian Cassidy, Chief Executive Officer, Australian Competition and Consumer Commission, Committee Hansard, 9 March 2011, p. 40.

[16]      Mr David Basham, President, South Australian Dairyfarmers' Association, Committee Hansard, 8 March 2011, p. 59.

[17]      Mr James Stacey, Vice President, South Australian Dairyfarmers' Association, Committee Hansard, 8 March 2011, p. 60.

[18]      Ms Nola Marino MP, Committee Hansard, 8 March 2011, p. 42.

[19]      Ms Nola Marino MP, Committee Hansard, 8 March 2011, p. 45.

[20]      Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, Submission 116, p. 6.

[21]      Australian Dairy Industry Council, Submission 96, p. 14.

[22]      NSW Farmers Association, Submission 124, p. 10.

[23]      Coles, Submission 131, p. 18.

[24]      Woolworths, Submission 98, p. 4.

[25]      Australian Food and Grocery Council, Submission 100, p. 9.

[26]      Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, Submission 116, p. 8.

[27]      Produce and Grocery Industry Code Administration Committee, Submission 57, p. 1.

[28]      Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, Submission 116, p. 9.

[29]      Produce and Grocery Industry Code Administration Committee, Submission 57, p. 3.

[30]      Joint Select Committee on the Retailing Sector, Fair Market or Market Failure?: A review of Australia's retailing sector, August 1999, p. xi.

[31]      Government response to the report of the Joint Select Committee on the Retailing Sector, December 1999, p. 5.

[32]      Ms Nola Marino MP, Committee Hansard, 8 March 2011, p. 36.

[33]      Associate Professor Frank Zumbo, Committee Hansard, 9 March 2011, p. 52.

[34]      Produce and Grocery Industry Code Administration Committee, Submission 57, p. 1.

[35]      Mr Adrian Drury, Vice President, Australian Dairy Farmers, Committee Hansard, 8 March 2011, pp. 8-9.

[36]      Australian Dairy Farmers, Submission 150, p. 3.

[37]      Queensland Dairyfarmers' Organisation, Response to questions on notice 3, received 27 March 2011, p. 11.

[38]      Produce and Grocery Industry Ombudsman, Report from the Produce and Grocery Industry Ombudsman: 1 July 2009 – 30 June 2010, www.produceandgroceryombudsman.com.au/09_10_overview.html (accessed 3 March 2011).

[39]      Produce and Grocery Industry Code Administration Committee, Submission 57, p. 1.

[40]      Queensland Dairyfarmers' Organisation, Response to questions on notice no. 3, received 27 March 2011, p. 10.

[41]      South Australian Dairyfarmers' Association, Response to questions on notice no. 2, received 25 March 2011, p. 3.

[42]      Produce and Grocery Industry Code Administration Committee, Submission 57, p. 3.

[43]      Australian Dairy Industry Council, Submission 96, p. 3.

[44]      Choice, Submission 51, p. 8.

[45]      Australian Dairy Farmers, Submission 150, p. 13.

[46]      Australian Food and Grocery Council, Submission 100, p. 9. The Amalgamated Milk Vendors Association (Submission 91, p. 5) and the NSW Dairy Industry Conference (Submission 92, pp. 6-7) also called for an ombudsman of some form to be established.

[47]      Choice, Submission 51, p. 9.

[48]      Associate Professor Frank Zumbo, Submission 99, p. 11.

[49]      Associate Professor Frank Zumbo, Committee Hansard, 9 March 2011, p. 54.

[50]      Associate Professor Frank Zumbo, Submission 99, p. 11.

[51]      Competition Commission (UK), 'CC publishes Code of Practice Order', Media release, 26 February 2009, www.competition-commission.org.uk/press_rel/2009/feb/pdf/08-09.pdf (accessed 28 February 2011).

[52]      National Farmers' Union (UK), 'Great Milk Debate returns' www.nfuonline.com/Your-sector/Dairy/News/Great-Milk-Debate-returns/, 25 August 2010 (accessed 7 April 2011).

[53]      Department for Business, Innovation and Skills (UK), 'Government response on Groceries Code Adjudicator Consultation', Media release, 3 August 2010, nds.coi.gov.uk/content/Detail.aspx?ReleaseID=414819&NewsAreaID=2 (accessed 28 February 2011).

[54]      House of Commons (UK), Hansard HC Deb, 29 March 2011, c240W, www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm201011/cmhansrd/cm110329/text/110329w0002.htm#11032984000061 (accessed 7 April 2011).

Additional Comments by Independent Senator Nick Xenophon, Liberal Senator Bill Heffernan, Nationals Senator John Williams, and Australian Greens Senator, Christine Milne

[1]        Ms Nola Marino, Member for Forrest, Commonwealth Parliament, Committee Hansard, 8 March 2011, p 34 

[2]        Normandie Farm (Dairy) Pty Ltd, Submission 5, p 1

[3]        Mr and Mrs Philip and Mary Lever, Submission 7, p 1

[4]        Mr Alex Peterkin, Submission 125, p 1

[5]        Mr Brian Cassidy, Chief Executive Officer, Australian Competition and Consumer Commission, Committee Hansard, 9 March 2011, p 22

[6]        Mr Brian Cassidy, Chief Executive Officer, Australian Competition and Consumer Commission, Committee Hansard, 9 March 2011, p 45

[7]        The Australian, Woolies won't blink in price war, http://m.theaustralian.com.au/BusinessNews/pg/0/fi299883.htm, 19 April 2011

[8]        ABC, Woolworths boss says milk price drop is not sustainable, http://www.abc.net.au/rural/news/content/201104/s3196760.htm?site=canberra, 20 April 20 2011

[9]        ABC, Woolworths boss says milk price drop is not sustainable, http://www.abc.net.au/rural/news/content/201104/s3196760.htm?site=canberra, 20 April 2011

[10]      Parmalat Australia Ltd, Submission 117, p 2

[11]      The Australian, Supermarket milk war helps consumers: Swan, http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/nation/supermarket-milk-war-helps-consumers-swan/story-e6frg6nf-1226045884043, 28 April 2011

[12] The Australian, Milk wars temper fruit and vegetable price hikes forced by summer disasters, http://www.theaustralian.com.au/national-affairs/treasury/milk-wars-temper-fruit-and-vegetable-price-hikes-forced-by-summer-disasters/story-fn59nsif-1226045681726, 27 April 2011

[13] Mr Brian Cassidy, Chief Executive Officer, Australian Competition and Consumer Commission, Committee Hansard, 9 March 2011, p 41

[14]      Mr Brian Cassidy, Chief Executive Officer, Australian Competition and Consumer Commission, Committee Hansard, 9 March 2011, p 21

[15]      Associate Professor Frank Zumbo, Committee Hansard, 9 March 2011, p. 55.

[16]      Mr Graeme Samuel, Chairman, ACCC, Economics Committee Additional Estimates Hansard, 24 February 2011, pp 91–92

[17]      Associate Professor Frank Zumbo, Committee Hansard, 9 March 2011, p 51

[18]      Mr Brian Cassidy, ACCC, Committee Hansard, 9 March 2011, p. 23

[19]      Senator Richard Colbeck, Committee Hansard, 9 March 2011, p 21

Additional Comments by Senator Scott Ryan

[1]        Mr Ian McLeod, Managing Director, Coles, Proof Committee Hansard, 29 March 2011, p. 77.