Table of Contents

The Proposed Importation of Fresh Apple Fruit from New Zealand

Table of Contents

Introduction (Word format) (PDF format)

    Includes:
    Members of the Committee
    Terms of reference
    Conduct of the Inquiry
    Abbreviations
    Executive summary
    Table of Contents
    List of Recommendations

Part I
Background

Chapter One (Word format) (PDF format)
Australia’s Membership of the World Trade Organisation

    Introduction
    The WTO Agreement Framework
    The Determination of Quarantine Policy under the WTO
    The Resolution of WTO Disputes

Chapter Two (Word format) (PDF format)
The Determination of Australian Quarantine Policy

    Introduction
    The Domestic Legislative Framework
    The Nairn Committee Review of Australian Quarantine
    The Stages in the Conduct of Import Risk Analyses

Chapter Three (Word format) (PDF format)
The Apple and Pear Industries in Australia and New Zealand

    Introduction
    The Apple and Pear Industry in Australia
    The Apple and Pear Industry in New Zealand
    The Historical Ban on the Export of New Zealand Apples to Australia

Part II
The Draft Import Risk Analysis Development

Chapter Four (Word format) (PDF format)
The Conduct of the Current Apple Import Risk Analysis
Introduction

    New Zealand’s 1999 Application for Market Access
    The Preparation of the Draft Import Risk Analysis
    The Release of the Draft Import Risk Analysis
    The Revised Public Consultation Process

Chapter Five (Word format) (PDF format)
The Draft Apple Import Risk Analysis
Decision-Making Process

    Introduction
    The Decision to Undertake a New Import Risk Analysis
    The Decision to Undertake a Routine Import Risk Analysis
    The Decision to Extend the 60-day Public Comment Period
    The Decision to Reject the Apple Industry’s Application for Research Funding

Chapter Six (Word format) (PDF format)
The Draft Apple Import Risk Analysis Consultation Process
Introduction

    The Consultation Process with Industry Stakeholders
    The Consultation Process with State Agriculture Departments
    The Consultation Process with Scientific Experts

Part III
The Draft Import Risk Analysis Methodology

Chapter Seven (Word format) (PDF format)
The Draft Import Risk Analysis Methodology

    Introduction
    The Risk Assessment Methodology
    The Measurement of Unrestricted Risk and Restricted Risk
    The Risk Management Methodology
    The Measurement of Restricted Risk

Chapter Eight (Word format) (PDF format)
Criticisms of the Draft Import Risk Analysis Methodology

    Introduction
    The Merits of Qualitative v Quantitative Risk Evaluation
    The Qualitative Measurement of Risk in the Draft IRA
    The Events in the Entry, Establishment and Spread Pathway
    The Appropriate Level of Protection

Part IV
The Draft Import Risk Anaylsis Science

Chapter Nine (Word format) (PDF format)
The Draft Pest Categorisation

    Introduction
    Pests of Potential Quarantine Concern
    The Biology of Erwinia Amylovora
    The Distribution of Erwinia Amylovora
    The Biology and Distribution of Other Pests

Chapter Ten (Word format) (PDF format)
The Unrestricted Risk Posed by Erwinia amylovora

    Introduction
    The Probability of Entry of Erwinia Amylovora
    The Probability of Establishment of Erwinia Amylovora
    The Probability of Spread of Erwinia Amylovora
    The Overall Probability of Entry, Establishment and Spread of Erwinia Amylovora
    The Economic Consequences of Erwinia Amylovora
    The Unrestricted Risk Posed by Erwinia Amylovora

Chapter Eleven (Word format) (PDF format)
The Unrestricted Risk Posed by Other Pests

    Introduction
    The Unrestricted Risk Assessment of Other Pests
    Criticisms of the Unrestricted Risk Assessment of Other Pests

Chapter Twelve (Word format) (PDF format)
The Draft Risk Management Protocols

    Introduction
    The Systems Approach to Quarantine adopted in the Draft IRA
    The Draft Risk Management Protocols for Erwinia Amylovora
    The Draft Risk Management Protocols for other Pests
    Alternatives to the Draft Risk Management Protocols

Chapter Thirteen (Word format) (PDF format)
The Management of fire blight

    Introduction
    Alternative Fire Blight Management Practices
    The Management of Fire Blight in New Zealand
    The Management of Fire Blight should it reach Australia

Part V
The Final Import Risk Analysis

Chapter Fourteen (Word format) (PDF format)
Determination of the Final Import risk analysis

    Introduction
    The Importance of Free Trade to Australia and New Zealand
    The Determination of the Final IRA According to WTO Requirements
    The Delay in Finalising the New Zealand Application

Chapter Fifteen (Word format) (PDF format)
The Impact of the Possible importation of New Zealand apples

    Introduction
    The Australian Apple Industry
    Australian Trade with other Nations
    State Border Prohibitions

Chapter Sixteen (Word format) (PDF format)
Conclusions and Recommendations

    Introduction
    The Draft Import Risk Analysis Development
    The Draft Import Risk Analysis Methodology
    The Draft Import Risk Analysis Science
    The Final Import Risk Analysis

Appendix One (Word format) (PDF format)

    List of Submissions

Appendix Two (Word format) (PDF format)

    List of Witnesses

Appendix Three (Word format) (PDF format)

    Agreement on the Application of Sanitary
    and Phytosanitary Measures

Appendix Four (Word format) (PDF format)

    USDA Reduced Auto Drop Sampling Trail