Footnotes

Chapter 1 - Introduction

[1]        Journals of the Senate, No. 25—26 March 2014, p. 725.

[2]        Journals of the Senate, No. 31—17 June 2014, p. 889.

[3]        See https://www.aph.gov.au/Parliamentary_Business/Committees/Senate/Community_Affairs

Chapter 2 - Out-of-pocket expenditure in Australian healthcare

Source: Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, Health expenditure Australia 2011–12, p. 46.

[1]        Australian Institute of Health and Welfare 2013. Health expenditure Australia 2011–12. Health and welfare expenditure series no. 50. Cat. no. HWE 59. Canberra: AIHW, p. 1.

[2]        Australian Institute of Health and Welfare 2013. Health expenditure Australia 2011–12. Health and welfare expenditure series no. 50. Cat. no. HWE 59. Canberra: AIHW, p. 117.

[3]        National Rural Health Alliance, Submission 54, p. 4 (citing: Out-of-pocket: Rethinking health copayments, Jennifer Doggett, Centre for Policy Development Occasional Paper Number 9, July 2009.).

[4]        Department of Health, Submission 101, p. 9.

[5]        Australian Institute of Health and Welfare 2013. Health expenditure Australia 2011–12. Health and welfare expenditure series no. 50. Cat. no. HWE 59. Canberra: AIHW, p. 41.

[6]        Department of Health, Submission 101, p. 6.

[7]        Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, Submission 35, p. 3.

[8]        Department of Health, Submission 101, p. 7.

[9]        Department of Health, Submission 101, p. 7.

[10]      See for example, The Menzies Centre for Health Policy/The George Institute for Global Health, Submission 28, p. 2; National Rural Health Alliance, Submission 54, p. 4.

[11]      Ms Priyanka Rai, Committee Hansard, 29 July 2014, pp 5–6.

[12]      Dr Adrian Webster, Committee Hansard, 29 July 2014, p. 43.

[13]      Dr Stephen Duckett, Committee Hansard, 29 July 2014, p. 33.

[14]      Grattan Institute, Submission 79, p. 4

[15]      See for example, The Australia Institute, Submission 1.

[16]      Australian Institute of Health and Welfare 2013. Health expenditure Australia 2011–12. Health and welfare expenditure series no. 50. Cat. no. HWE 59. Canberra: AIHW, p. 45.

[17]      Dr Adrian Webster, Committee Hansard, 29 July 2014, p. 45.

[18]      Department of Health, Submission 101, p. 12.

[19]      See for example, Australian Council of Social Service, Submission 61, p. 6.

[20]      The proportion of out-of-pocket expenditure noted here differs from other AIHW data provided in Table 2.1 due to different methodology being used to compile information for the OECD.

[21]      Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, Submission 35, p. 5.

[22]      Professor Stephen Jan, Committee Hansard, 3 July 2014, p. 4.

[23]      The Grattan Institute, Submission 79, pp 3–4.

[24]      Department of Health, Submission 101, p. 25.

[25]      Dr Liz Marles, Committee Hansard, 3 July 2014, p. 15.

[26]      Dr Adrian Webster, Committee Hansard, 29 July 2014, pp 42–43.

[27]      Dr Adrian Webster, Committee Hansard, 29 July 2014, p. 44.

[28]      Mr Richard Bartlett, Committee Hansard, 3 July 2014, p. 63.

[29]      This AIHW figure of $24.8 billion quoted here is higher than the figure of $24.3 billion provided in paragraph 2.11. The $24.8 billion reflects the gross expenditure by individual and the $24.3 billion accounts for rebates such as from private health insurers.

[30]      Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, Submission 35, p. 3.

[31]      Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, Submission 35, p. 3.

[32]      Department of Health, Submission 101, p. 8.

[33]      Mr Richard Bartlett, Committee Hansard, 3 July 2014, p. 65.

[34]      Mr Richard Bartlett, Committee Hansard, 3 July 2014, p. 63.

[35]      Mr Richard Bartlett, Committee Hansard, 3 July 2014, pp 64–65.

[36]      Mr Gordon Gregory, Committee Hansard, 3 July 2014, p. 23.

[37]      Medical services includes services provided by, or on behalf of, registered medical practitioners that are funded by the MBS. Most medical services are provided on a fee-for service basis and attracts benefits from the Australian Government under Medicare. Full definition of medical services available: Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, Health expenditure Australia 2011–12, p. 118.

[38]      Australian Medical Association, Submission 72, p. 2.

[39]      Australian Medical Association, Submission 72, p. 3.

[40]      Mr Andrew McAuliffe, Committee Hansard, 29 July 2014, p. 11.

[41]      Catholic Health Australia, Submission 63, p. 4.

[42]      Australian Medical Association, Submission 72, p. 2.

[43]      COTA Australia, Submission 62, p. 3.

[44]      Mr Richard Bartlett, Estimates Hansard, 2 June 2014, p. 61.

[45]      Australian Diagnostic Imaging Association, Submission 45, p. 7.

[46]      Department of Health, Submission 101, p. 9.

[47]      Pharmacy Guild of Australia, Submission 41, p.3; p. 8.

[48]      Pharmacy Guild of Australia, Submission 41, p. 6.

[49]      Dr Adrian Webster, Committee Hansard, 29 July 2014, pp 45–46.

[50]      Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, answer to question taken on notice, 29 July 2014 (received 31 July 2014).

[51]      Dr Adrian Webster, Committee Hansard, 29 July 2014, pp 45–46.

[52]      Mr Richard Bartlett, Committee Hansard, 29 July 2014, p. 69.

[53]      Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, answer to question taken no notice, 29 July 2014 (received 31 July 2014).

[54]      Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, answer to question taken no notice, 29 July 2014 (received 31 July 2014).

[55]      See for example, Audiology Australia, Submission 92, p. 4.

[56]      See for example, Name withheld, Submission 91, p. 3; Name withheld, Submission 95, p. [1].

[57]      Australian Dental Association, Submission 57, p. 1.

[58]      Dr Karin Alexander, Committee Hansard, 3 July 2014, p. 27.

[59]      Australian Healthcare & Hospitals Association, Submission 43, p. 1.

[60]      Mr Bartlett, Committee Hansard, 3 July 2014, p. 66.

[61]      See for example, Services for Australian Rural and Remote Allied Health, Submission 34, p. 3; Associate Professor Pam McGrath, Submission 104.

[62]      See for example, Audiology Australia, Submission 92, p. 5.

[63]      Parkinson's Victoria, Submission 30, p. 3.

[64]      Mr Gordon Gregory, Committee Hansard, 3 July 2014, p. 23.

[65]      Mr Gordon Gregory, Committee Hansard, 3 July 2014, p. 25

[66]      Dr Christine Walker, Committee Hansard, 3 July 2014, p. 48.

[67]      Professor Stephen Jan, Committee Hansard, 3 July 2014, p. 4.

[68]      See for example, Professor Peter Brooks, Committee Hansard, 3 July 2014, p. 8.

[69]      Australian Healthcare and Hospitals Association, Submission 43, p. 1.

[70]      Dr Mark Sinclair, Committee Hansard, 3 July 2014, p. 18.

[71]      Dr Richard Grutzner, Committee Hansard, 3 July 2014, p. 16.

[72]      Dr Mark Sinclair, Committee Hansard, 3 July 2014, p. 17.

[73]      Department of Health, Submission 101, p. 9.

[74]      Private Health Insurance Administration Council, The Operations of Private Health Insurers Annual Report 2012-13, p. 8.

[75]      Australian Healthcare Reform Alliance, Submission 80, [pp 4–5].

[76]      Dr Dwayne Crombie, Committee Hansard, 3 July 2014, p. 37.

[77]      Australian Wound Management Association, Submission 31, p. 2.

[78]      Optometrists Association Australia, Submission 18, p. 1.

Chapter 3 - Co-payments

[1]        National Commission of Audit, Towards responsible government. The report of the National Commission of Audit, Phase One, February 2014, pp 99–100; 111–112.

[2]        Commonwealth of Australia, Budget Overview, p. 13. Also see: The Hon. J.B. Hockey MP, Treasurer, Budget Speech 2014–15, 13 May 2014, p. 8.

[3]        Department of Health, Strengthening Medicare, June 2014, http://www.health.gov.au/internet/budget/publishing.nsf/content/budget2014-factsheet-strengthening-medicare (accessed 7 August 2014).

[4]        Department of Health, Strengthening Medicare, June 2014, http://www.health.gov.au/internet/budget/publishing.nsf/content/budget2014-factsheet-strengthening-medicare (accessed 7 August 2014).

[5]        Dr Liz Marles, Committee Hansard, 3 July 2014, p. 16.

[6]        The Budget also included proposed changes to the Medicare and PBS safety nets which will be discussed in more detail in chapter 4 of this report.

[7]        Tasmanian Council of Social Service, Submission 67, p. 4.

[8]        Australian Council of Social Service, Submission 61, p. 10.

[9]        See for example. Dr Liz Marles, Committee Hansard, 3 July 2014, p. 20; Ms Rebecca Vassarotti, Committee Hansard, 3 July 2014, p. 51.

[10]      See for example, Dr Stephen Duckett, Committee Hansard, 29 July 2014, pp 31–32.

[11]      See for example, Mr Adam Stankevicius, Committee Hansard, 29 July 2014, p. 6; Professor Brian Owler, Committee Hansard, 29 July 2014, p. 27; Dr Stephen Duckett, Committee Hansard, 29 July 2014, p. 30.

[12]      Pharmacy Guild of Australia, Submission 41, p. 13.

[13]      Professor Stephen Jan, Committee Hansard, 3 July 2014, p. 2.

[14]      Dr Liz Marles, Committee Hansard, 3 July 2014, p. 15.

[15]      Dr Stephen Duckett, Committee Hansard, 29 July 2014, p. 29.

[16]      Mr Richard Bartlett, Committee Hansard, 29 July 2014, pp 58–59.

[17]      See for example, Australian College of Nursing, Submission 15; Ms Rebecca Vassarotti, Committee Hansard, 3 July 2014, p. 55; Ms Jill Gallagher, Committee Hansard, 3 July 2014, pp 55–56.

[18]      Royal Australian College of General Practitioners, Submission 20, p. 3.

[19]      COAG Reform Council, Healthcare in Australia 2012-13: Five years of performance, 30 April 2014, p. 51.

[20]      Australian Bureau of Statistics, 4839.0—Patient experiences in Australia: summary of findings, 2012–13, 21 November 2013, http://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/mf/4839.0 (accessed 15 August 2014).

[21]      National Health Performance Authority, Healthy Communities: Australians' experiences with primary health care in 2011-12, June 2013, p. 5.

[22]      Mr Adam Stankevicius, Committee Hansard, 29 July 2014, p. 1.

[23]      Australian Medical Association, response to question on notice, 29 July 2014 (received 15 August 2014).

[24]      Mr Gordon Gregory, Committee Hansard, 3 July 2014, p. 24.

[25]      National Health Performance Authority, Healthy Communities: Australians' experiences with primary health care in 2011-12, June 2013, p. 5.

[26]      Australian Medical Association, response to question on notice, 29 July 2014 (received 5 August 2014).

[27]      Mrs Helen Dowling, Committee Hansard, 3 July 2014, p. 12.

[28]      Mr Richard Bartlett, Committee Hansard, 3 July 2014, p. 67.

[29]      Mr Adam Stankevicius, Committee Hansard, 29 July 2014, p. 2.

[30]      Ms Felicity McNeill, Committee Hansard, 29 July 2014, pp 71–72.

[31]      Ms Felicity McNeill, Estimates Hansard, 2 June 2014, p. 45.

[32]      National Health Performance Authority, Healthy Communities: Australians' experiences with primary health care in 2011-12, June 2013, p. 5.

[33]      Australian Dental Association, Submission 57, pp 7–8.

[34]      Ms Josephine Root, Committee Hansard, 29 July 2014, p. 16; Ms Marie Skinner, Committee Hansard, 29 July 2014, p. 17.

[35]      See for example, Victorian Medicare Action Group, Submission 39, p. 1; National Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Organisation, Submission 42, p. 3.

[36]      Australian Council of Social Service, Submission 61, p. 7.

[37]      Carers NSW, Submission 56, p. [3].

[38]      National Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Organisation, Submission 42, p. 3.

[39]      Ms Marie Skinner, Committee Hansard, 29 July 2014, p. 17.

[40]      Ms Josephine Root, Committee Hansard, 29 July 2014, p. 16.

[41]      Mr Gordon Gregory, Committee Hansard, 3 July 2014, p. 26.

[42]      Associate Professor Brian Owler, Committee Hansard, 29 July 2014, pp 27–28.

[43]      The Menzies Centre for Health Policy / The George Institute for Global Health, Submission 28, p. 2.

[44]      National Seniors Australia, Submission 55, p. 11.

[45]      See for example, The Menzies Centre for Health Policy/The George Institute for Global Health, Submission 28, p. 3.

[46]      See, for example, Royal Australian College of General Practitioners, Submission 20, Australian Healthcare and Hospitals Association, Submission 43, pp 2–3.

[47]      Diabetes Australia, Submission 65, p. 2.

[48]      Hepatitis NSW, Submission 64, p. 3.

[49]      National Seniors Australia, Submission 55, p. 6.

[50]      See for example, Chronic Illness Alliance, Submission 38, p. 6; National Seniors Australia, Submission 55, p. 7.

[51]      Mrs Helen Dowling, Committee Hansard, 3 July 2014, p. 10.

[52]      Associate Professor Brian Owler, Committee Hansard, 29 July 2014, p. 22.

[53]      See for example, Dr Liz Marles, Committee Hansard, 3 July 2014, p. 21; Mr Gordon Gregory, Committee Hansard, 3 July 2014, p. 24.

[54]      Dr Liz Marles, Committee Hansard, 3 July 2014, p. 15.

[55]      The impact on other areas of the health system was discussed in a number of submissions. See for example, Australian Women's Health Network, Submission 36, p. 5.

[56]      Catholic Health Australia, Submission 63, p. 5.

[57]      Grattan Institute, Submission 79, p. 13.

[58]      Mr Andrew McAuliffe, Committee Hansard, 29 July 2014, p. 10.

[59]      Doctors Reform Society, Submission 26, p. 3.

[60]      National Rural Health Alliance, Submission 54, p. 13.

[61]      Australian College of Nurse Practitioners, Submission 70, p. 6.

[62]      Dr Stephen Duckett, Committee Hansard, 29 July 2014, p. 34.

[63]      Australian Healthcare & Hospitals Association, Submission 43a, p. 2.

[64]      Department of Health, answer to question on notice, 29 July 2014 (received 6 August 2014).

[65]      Pharmacy Guild of Australia, Submission 41, p.13.

[66]      Department of Health, Strengthening Medicare, June 2014, p. 1, http://www.health.gov.au/internet/budget/publishing.nsf/content/budget2014-factsheet-strengthening-medicare (accessed 7 August 2014).

[67]      Associate Professor Brian Owler, Committee Hansard, 29 July 2014, p. 22.

[68]      Dr Stephen Duckett, Committee Hansard, 29 July 2014, p. 31.

[69]      Dr Liz Marles, Committee Hansard, 3 July 2014, pp 20–21.

[70]      Mr Richard Bartlett, Committee Hansard, 29 July 2014, p. 65.

[71]      Department of Human Services, Budget 2014-15: Simplifying Medicare safety net arrangements, May 2014, http://www.humanservices.gov.au/corporate/publications-and-resources/budget/1415/measures/health-matters-and-health-professionals/29-000490 (accessed 28 June 2014).

[72]      Department of Health, answer to question on notice, 29 July 2014 (received 6 August 2014).

[73]      Department of Health, 2014 Budget information on the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme, 13 May 2014, http://www.pbs.gov.au/info/news/2014/05/2014-budget-information (accessed 28 June 2014).

[74]      On 19 June 2014, the Selection of Bills Committee referred the provisions of the National Health Amendment (Pharmaceutical Benefits) Bill 2014 to the Community Affairs Legislation Committee for inquiry and report by 26 August 2014. This bill would give effect to the changes announced in the Budget.

[75]      Mr Richard Bartlett, Committee Hansard, 3 July 2014, p. 64.

[76]      Professor Stephen Jan, Committee Hansard, 3 July 2014, p. 2.

[77]      Tasmanian Council of Social Service, Submission 67, p. 5.

[78]      National Seniors Australia, Submission 55, p. 13.

[79]      Mr Adam Stankevicius, Committee Hansard, 29 July 2014, p. 3; Ms Marie Skinner, Committee Hansard, 29 July 2014, pp 18–19.

[80]      Department of Health, answer to question on notice, 29 July 2014, (received 6 August 2014).

[81]      Department of Human Services, Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme Safety Net, http://www.humanservices.gov.au/customer/services/medicare/pbs-safety-net (accessed 22 July 2014).

[82]      See for example, Queensland Aboriginal and Islander Health Council, Submission 58, p. 6.

[83]      Ms Felicity McNeill, Estimates Hansard, 2 June 2014, p. 46.

[84]      Ms Felicity McNeill, Estimates Hansard, 2 June 2014, p. 46.

[85]      Healthcare Consumers’ Association ACT, Submission 66, p. 18.

[86]      Professor Stephen Jan, Committee Hansard, 3 July 2014, p. 3.

[87]      Mrs Helen Dowling, Committee Hansard, 3 July 2014, p. 11.

[88]      Society of Hospital Pharmacists of Australia, answer to question on notice, 3 July 2014 (received 3 July 2014).

[89]      Australian Taxation Office, Medical expenses, 22 July 2014, https://www.ato.gov.au/Individuals/Income-and-deductions/Offsets-you-can-claim/Medical-expenses/ (accessed 13 August 2014).

[90]      Healthcare Consumers’ Association ACT, Submission 66, p. 18.

[91]      Breast Cancer Network Australia, Submission 51, p. 9.

[92]      See for example, Mr Andrew McAuliffe, Committee Hansard, 29 July 2014, p. 13; Ms Josephine Root, Committee Hansard, 29 July 2014, p. 18.

[93]      Mr Patrick Tobin, Committee Hansard, 29 July 2014, p. 13.

[94]      Ms Priyanka Rai, Committee Hansard, 29 July 2014, p. 3.

[95]      Ms Sarah Walbank, Committee Hansard, 3 July 2014, p. 53.

[96]      See for example, Australian Physiotherapy Association, Submission 22, p. [4–5].

[97]      Mr Jason King, Committee Hansard, 3 July 2014, p. 59.

Chapter 4 - Current market drivers and the sustainability of the health system

[1]        The Hon Peter Dutton MP, Speech to the Australian Institute of Policy and Science, 15 May 2014, https://www.health.gov.au/internet/ministers/publishing.nsf/Content/D650B8CD02CBEC46CA257CDD000B593F/$File/PDSP140515.pdf, p. 1 (accessed 8 August 2014).

[2]        See for example, Consumer's Health Forum of Australia, Submission 17.

[3]        Associate Professor Brian Owler, Committee Hansard, 29 July 2014, p. 26.

[4]        Mr Peter Bothams, Committee Hansard, 29 July 2014, p. 39.

[5]        Dr Stephen Duckett, Committee Hansard, 29 July 2014, p. 29.

[6]        Department of Health, Simplified Price Disclosure (SPD) Frequently Asked Questions, updated June 2014, accessible at: http://www.pbs.gov.au/industry/pricing/price-disclosure-spd/updated-faq-simplified-price-disclosure.pdf (accessed 7 August 2014).

[7]        Ms Priyani Rai, Committee Hansard, 29 July 2014, p. 7.

[8]        Simplified price disclosure streamlines price disclosure processes and allows PBS prices to be adjusted to market prices more quickly. The first price reduction under simplified price disclosure will occur on 1 October 2014.

[9]        Ms Felicity McNeill, Committee Hansard, 29 July 2014, p. 70.

[10]      Pharmacy Guild of Australia, Submission 41, p. 5.

[11]      Pharmacy Guild of Australia, Submission 41, p. 9.

[12]      Ms Justine Boland, Committee Hansard, 29 July 2014, p. 48.

[13]      Mr Richard Bartlett, Committee Hansard, 29 July 2014, p. 61.

[14]      Australian Healthcare and Hospitals Association, Submission 43, pp 2-3.

[15]      Mr Richard Bartlett, Committee Hansard, 29 July 2014, p. 62.

[16]      National Commission of Audit, Towards responsible government. The report of the National Commission of Audit, Phase One, February 2014, pp 99-100; 111–112.

[17]      The Hon Senator Fiona Nash, Committee Hansard, 2 June 2014, p. 45.

[18]      The Hon Senator Fiona Nash, Committee Hansard, 2 June 2014, p. 64.

[19]      See for example, Pharmacy Guild of Australia, Submission 41, p. 14.

[20]      Associate Professor Brian Owler, Committee Hansard, 29 July 2014, p. 23.

[21]      Dr Stephen Duckett, Committee Hansard, 29 July 2014, p. 33.

[22]      Pharmacy Guild of Australia, Submission 41, p. 14.

[23]      Healthcare Consumers' Association ACT, Submission 66, p. 17.

[24]      Australian College of Nurse Practitioners, Submission 70, p. 7.

[25]      Dr Stephen Duckett, Committee Hansard, 29 July 2014, p. 29.

Chapter 5 - Private health insurance

[1]        Private Health Insurance Administration Council, The Operations of Private Health Insurers Annual Report 2012-13, September 2013, p. 20.

[2]        Department of Health, Budget related paper No. 1.10, 2014-15 Health Portfolio Budget Statements, Private Health, May 2014, p. 119.

[3]        See for example, Doctors Reform Society of Australia, Submission 26, [p. 4]; Combined Pensioners & Superannuants Association of NSW Inc, Submission 32, p. 3.

[4]        The Australia Institute, Submission 1, p. 6.

[5]        Professor Stephen Jan, Committee Hansard, 3 July 2014, p. 3.

[6]        See for example, Australian Nursing & Midwifery Federation, Submission 50, p. 8.

[7]        National Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Organisation, Submission 42.

[8]        New South Wales Nurses and Midwives' Association, Submission 68, p. 3.

[9]        Australian Council of Social Service, Submission 61, p. 12.

[10]      Queensland Aboriginal and Islander Health Council, Submission 58, p. 9.

[11]      Macular Disease Foundation Australia, Submission 96, p. 7.

[12]      The Royal Australian College of General Practitioners, Submission 20, p. 6.

[13]      Private Health Insurance Amendment (GP Services) Bill 2014, Explanatory Memorandum, p. 2.

[14]      Bupa Australia, Submission 76, pp 5–6.

[15]      Services for Australian Rural and Remote Allied Health, Submission 34, p. 6.

[16]      Australian Dental Association, Submission 57, p. 10.

[17]      Australian Council of Social Service, Submission 61, p. 11.

[18]      See for example, Australian Council of Social Service, Submission 61, pp 11–12; Ms Annie Butler, Committee Hansard, 29 July 2014, p. 36.

[19]      Breast Cancer Network Australia, Submission 51, p. 9.

[20]      Mr David Ross, Committee Hansard, 29 July 2014, p. 51.

[21]      Breast Cancer Network Australia, Submission 51, p. 9.

[22]      Cancer Voices Australia, Submission 14, p. 3.

[23]      National Seniors Australia, Submission 55, pp 11–12.

[24]      Australian Dental Association, Submission 57, p. 5.

[25]      Australian Dental Association, Submission 57, p. 6.

[26]      Australian Dental Association, Submission 57, p. 11.

[27]      Mrs Eithne Irving, Committee Hansard, 3 July 2014, p. 29.

[28]      Professor Peter Brooks, Committee Hansard, 3 July 2014, p. 6.

[29]      Mr Richard Bartlett, Committee Hansard, 3 July 2014, p. 68.

[30]      Dr Mark Sinclair, Committee Hansard, 3 July 2014, p. 22.

[31]      Mr James Connors, Committee Hansard, 3 July 2014, p. 36.

[32]      Catholic Health Australia, Submission 63, p. 6.

[33]      Dr Dwayne Crombie, Committee Hansard, 3 July 2014, p. 37.

Chapter 6 - Conclusion and recommendations

[1]        National Commission of Audit, Towards Responsible Government: The Report of the National Commission of Audit, Phase One, February 2014,p. 95.

[2]        Senator the Hon Fiona Nash, Committee Hansard, 2 June 2014, p. 64.

Coalition Senators' Dissenting Report

[1]        Australian Government 'Budget Strategy Outlook', Budget Paper No. 1, p. 1.

[2]        National Commission of Audit, Towards responsible government. The report of the National Commission of Audit, Phase One, February 2014, pp 99–100; 111–112.

[3]        Senator the Hon Fiona Nash, Committee Hansard, 2 June 2014, p. 64.

[4]        Department of Health, Submission 101, p 25.

[5]        Australian Medical Association, Submission 72, p.2.

[6]        Department of Health, Submission 101, p 7.

[7]        Mr Richard Bartlett, Committee Hansard, 3 July 2014, p.63.

[8]        Mr Richard Bartlett, Committee Hansard, 3 July 2014, p.63.

[9]        Ms Felicity McNeill, Committee Hansard, 19 August 2014, p.28

[10]      Mr Richard Bartlett, Committee Hansard, 3 July 2014, p.63

[11]      Department of Health, Strengthening Medicare, http://www.health.gov.au/internet/budget/publishing.nsf/content/budget2014-factsheet-strengthening-medicare (accessed 21 August 2014).

[12]      Department of Health, Budget 2014–15, http://budget.gov.au/2014-15/content/glossy/health/download/Health.pdf (accessed 21 August 2014).

[13]      Department of Health, Strengthening Medicare, http://www.health.gov.au/internet/budget/publishing.nsf/content/budget2014-factsheet-strengthening-medicare (accessed 21 August 2014).

[14]      Department of Human Services, Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme Safety Net, http://www.humanservices.gov.au/customer/services/medicare/pbs-safety-net (accessed 21 August 2014).

[15]      Department of Health, Submission to the Inquiry into the National Health Amendment (Pharmaceutical Benefits) Bill 2014, p.5.

[16]      Department of Health, Submission to the Inquiry into the National Health Amendment (Pharmaceutical Benefits) Bill 2014, p.11.

[17]      Ms Felicity McNeill, Proof Estimates Hansard, 2 June 2014, p.45