Footnotes

Chapter 2 - The distribution of medical, nursing and allied health professionals across Australia

[1]        South Australian Government, Submission 111, p. 2.

[2]        Rural Doctors Association of Victoria, Submission 43, p. 4.

[3]        Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, Medical Workforce, http://www.aihw.gov.au/medical-workforce (accessed on 14 August 2012).

[4]        Bob Birrell, Australia's New Health Crisis – Too Many Doctors, Melbourne, Centre for Population and Urban Research, 2011, p. iv.

[5]        Australian Medical Workforce Advisory Committee, The Medical Workforce in Rural and Remote Australia, New South Wales, 1996, p. 5. Given the high proportion of casual and part-time practitioners accessing Medicare, 'head counts' of GPs generally overstate the workforce supply in Australia. Full-time Workload Equivalent (FWE) is a standardised measure used to estimate the workforce activity of GPs and adjusts for the partial contribution of casual and part-time doctors.

[6]        Productivity Commission, Australia's Health Workforce, Canberra, December 2005, p. 204.

[7]        Department of Health and Ageing, Audit of the Health Workforce in Rural and Regional Australia, Canberra, 2008, p. 27.

[8]        Department of Health and Ageing, Audit of the Health Workforce in Rural and Regional Australia, Canberra, 2008, pp 17–18.

[9]        Department of Health and Ageing, Audit of the Health Workforce in Rural and Regional Australia, Canberra, 2008, p. 21.

[10]      Health Workforce Australia is an initiative of the Council of Australian Governments (COAG). It was established to meet the future challenges of providing a health workforce that responds to the needs of the Australian community. Further information on HWA can be found here: www.hwa.gov.au .

[11]      AIHW, Health Workforce 2025, volume 1, Canberra, 2012, p. 154.

[12]      AIHW, Health Workforce 2025, volume 1, Canberra, 2012, p. 157.

[13]      AIHW, Australia's Health 2012, Canberra, 2012, p. 496.

[14]      AIHW, Australia's Health 2012, Canberra, 2012, p. 497.

[15]      AIHW, Australia's Health 2012, Canberra, 2012, p. 511.

[16]      Australia's Health Workforce Online, National Registration and Accreditation Scheme, available from: http://www.ahwo.gov.au/natreg.asp, accessed: 6 July 2012.

[17]      AIHW, Submission 110, p. [3].

[18]      AIHW, Submission 110, p. [3].

[19]      Australian Psychological Society, Submission 87, p. 12.

[20]      Services for Australian Rural and Remote Allied Health, Submission 62, p. 11.

[21]      Ms Sheila Keane, Services for Australian Rural and Remote Allied Health, Committee Hansard, 11 May 2012, p. 4.

[22]      Pascal Zurn, Mario Dal Poz, Barbara Stilwell & Orvill Adams, 'Imbalances in the health workforce', WHO briefing paper, World Health Organisation, 2002, p. 1.

[23]      Department of Health and Ageing, Report on the Audit of Health Workforce in Rural and Regional Australia, Commonwealth of Australia, Canberra, 2008 (the 2008 Audit), p. 5.

[24]      2008 Audit, p. 5.

[25]      2008 Audit, p. 6.

[26]      AIHW, Medical Workforce 2010, AIHW, Canberra, 2012, pp 1–2, 32–39.

[27]      FWE 'is a measure of service provision that takes into account doctors' carrying workloads. It is generally considered to provide a good overall indicator of medical workforce supply. FWE is calculated by dividing each doctor's Medicare billing by the average billing of full time doctors for the reference period'. 2008 Audit, p. 47.

[28]      Department of Health and Ageing, Report on the Audit of Health Workforce in Rural and Regional Australia, Commonwealth of Australia, Canberra, 2008, p. 8.

[29]      This figure combines data for 'remote' and 'very remote' categories, presented separately in the 2008 Audit, p. 8.

[30]      2008 Audit, p. 12.

[31]      2008 Audit, pp 9–13.

[32]      The regional rates are underestimates, as 1809 respondents (around 3 per cent of all doctors) said they worked outside the major cities, but did not report the regional classification in which they worked. See 2008 Audit, p. 15.

[33]      2008 Audit, p. 15.

[34]      AIHW, Health and community services labour force, AIHW, Canberra, March 2009, p. 42.

[35]      AIHW, Medical workforce 2010, AIHW, Canberra, 2012, p. 6.

[36]      Data excludes Queensland and Western Australia. The committee understands these states will be included in subsequent reports.

[37]      AIHW, Medical workforce 2010, AIHW, Canberra, 2012, pp 23–29.

[38]      Includes specialists-in-training.

[39]      National Rural Health Alliance Inc., Submission 95, p. 6.

[40]      Bob Birrell, Australia's New Health Crisis – Too Many Doctors, Melbourne, Centre for Population and Urban Research, 2011, p. iv.

[41]      Bob Birrell, Australia's New Health Crisis – Too Many Doctors, Melbourne, Centre for Population and Urban Research, 2011, p. 21.

[42]      Bob Birrell, Australia's New Health Crisis – Too Many Doctors, Melbourne, Centre for Population and Urban Research, 2011, p. 21.

[43]      AIHW, Australia's Health 2012, Canberra, 2012, p. 519.

[44]      National Rural Health Alliance Inc., Submission 95, p. 9.

[45]      Hereafter the report will use the term 'nurses' to denote both nurses and midwives unless specification is required.

[46]      AIHW, Australia's Health 2012, 2012, p. 502.

[47]      Royal College of Nursing, Australia, Submission 82, pp 1, 3.

[48]      AIHW, Australia's Health 2012, 2012, p. 505.

[49]      AIHW, Australia's Health 2012, 2012, p. 498.

[50]      Department of Health and Ageing, Report on the Audit of Health Workforce in Rural and Regional Australia, Commonwealth of Australia, Canberra, 2008, p. 3.

[51]      2008 Audit, p. 16.

[52]      Australian Health Workforce Advisory Committee, The Australian Allied Health Workforce: an overview of planning issues, 2006, p. 14.

[53]      AIHW, Australia's Health 2012, 2012, p. 509.

[54]      Australian Government Department of Health and Ageing, Submission 74, p. 6.

[55]      Pharmaceutical Society of Australia, Submission 83, p. 3.

[56]      Australian Psychological Society, Submission 87, p. 5. Definitions of 'remote', 'metropolitan' and 'major regional' taken from the revised ARIA+ classification system.

[57]      Australian Psychological Society, Submission 87, p. 5.

[58]      Australian Dental Association, Submission 73, p. 2.

[59]      Australian Dental Association, Submission 73, p. 5.

[60]      AIHW, Submission 110, p. [3].

[61]      Australian Physiotherapy Association, Committee Hansard, 5 June 2012, p. 52.

[62]      Services for Australian Rural and Remote Allied Health, Submission 62, p. 10.

[63]      Australian Physiotherapy Association, Submission 71, p. 4; Australian Psychological Society, Submission 87, p. 3; Australian Association of Social Workers, Submission 96, p. 1.

[64]      Pharmaceutical Society of Australia, Submission 83, p. 2.

[65]      AIHW, Health and community services labour force 2006, AIHW, Canberra, March 2009, p. 42.

[66]      National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Worker Association, The Profession, http://www.natsihwa.org.au/the-profession (accessed on 14 August 2012).   

[67]      National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Worker Association, The Profession, http://www.natsihwa.org.au/the-profession (accessed on 14 August 2012).   

[68]      Ms Stephanie Bell, Dr John Boffa, Central Australian Aboriginal Congress, Committee Hansard, 20 February 2012, pp 10–11.

[69]      Ms Stephanie Bell, Dr John Boffa, Central Australian Aboriginal Congress, Committee Hansard, 20 February 2012, pp 10–11.

[70]      AIHW, Submission 110, p. 3.

[71]      Rural Doctors Association of Australia, Submission 67, p. 5.

[72]      Rural Doctors Association of Australia, Submission 67, p. 5.

[73]      Royal Australian College of General Practitioners, Submission 41, p. 10.

[74]      Professor Bogda Koczwara, Clinical Oncological Society of Australia, Committee Hansard, 11 May 2012, p. 46.

[75]      Professor Bogda Koczwara, Clinical Oncological Society of Australia, Committee Hansard, 11 May 2012, p. 48.

[76]      AIHW, Health Workforce 2025, volume 1, Canberra, 2012, pp 157–158.

[77]      Royal Australasian College of Physicians, Submission 76, p. 2.

[78]      Ms Jenny Johnson, Rural Doctors Association of Australia, Committee Hansard, 11 May 2012, p. 22.

[79]      Australian Federation of AIDS Organisations, Submission 28, p. 2.

[80]      Rural Health Workforce Australia, Submission 107, p. 4.

[81]      Australian Psychological Society, Submission 87, p. 3.

[82]      Australian Physiotherapy Association, Committee Hansard, 5 June 2012, p. 52.

[83]      Professor John Humphreys, Centre of Research Excellence in Rural and Remote Primary Health Care, Committee Hansard, 5 June 2012, p. 19.

[84]      Dr Pieter Mourik, private capacity, Committee Hansard, 5 June 2012, p. 57.

[85]      Rural Health Workforce Australia, Submission 107, p. 16.

[86]      Dr Kathryn Kirkpatrick, Royal Australian College of General Practitioners, Committee Hansard, 5 June 2012, p. 35.

[87]      Dr Paul Mara, Rural Doctors Association of Australia, Committee Hansard, 11 May 2012, pp 13-14.

[88]      Dr Deborah Cole, Dental Health Services Victoria, Committee Hansard, 5 June 2012, p. 35.

[89]      Rural Health Workforce Australia, Submission 107, p. 8.

[90]      Productivity Commission, Australia's Health Workforce, Canberra, December 2005, p. 206.

[91]      Rural Doctors Association of Australia, Submission 67, p. 19.

[92]      Royal College of Nursing, Submission 82, p. 1.

[93]      Ms Sheila Keane, Services for Australian Rural and Remote Allied Health, Committee Hansard, 11 May 2012, p. 2.

[94]      Mr Gordon Gregory, National Rural Health Alliance, Committee Hansard, 11 May 2012, p. 23.

[95]      Rural Health Workforce Australia, Submission 107, p. 22.

[96]      Australian Psychological Society, Submission 87, p. 11.

[97]      Ms Sheila Keane, Services for Australian Rural and Remote Allied Health, Committee Hansard, 11 May 2012,  p.3.

[98]      Dietitians Association of Australia, Submission 86, p. [2].

[99]      Dietitians Association of Australia, Submission 86, p. [2]; cf. Australian Psychological Society, Submission 87, p. 10; Pharmaceutical Society of Australia, Submission 83, p. 3; Australian Physiotherapy Association, Submission 71, p. 7.

[100]    Ms Sheila Keane, Services for Australian Rural and Remote Allied Health, Committee Hansard, 11 May 2012,  p. 3.

[101]    Australian Association of Social Workers, Submission 96, p. 2.

[102]    Australian Physiotherapy Association, Submission 71, p. 5.

[103]    Australian Physiotherapy Association, Submission 71, p. 5.

Chapter 3 - The nature of the medical profession in rural areas 

[1]        Royal Australian College of Physicians, answer to question on notice, 11 May 2012, p. 2.   

[2]        Prof. Richard Murray, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Molecular Sciences, James Cook University, Committee Hansard, 23 April 2012, p. 3.

[3]        Dr Paul Mara, Rural Doctors Association of Australia, Committee Hansard, 11 May 2012, p.17.        

[4]        Mr Warwick Hough, Australian Medical Association, Committee Hansard, 11 May 2012, p. 63.

[5]        Mr Warwick Hough, Australian Medical Association, Committee Hansard, 11 May 2012, p. 63.

[6]        Medicare Benefits Schedule Book, 1 July 2012, pp 94, 98.

[7]        AIHW, Medical Workforce 2010, AIHW, Canberra, 2012, p. vi.

[8]        Full time equivalent is defined as: the number of employed medical practitioners in a particular category multiplied by the average hours worked by employed medical practitioners in the category divided by the standard working week hours. In this report, 40 hours is assumed to be a standard working week and equivalent to one FTE.  (AIHW, Medical Workforce 2010, AIHW, Canberra, 2012, p. 48).

[9]        AIHW, Medical Workforce 2010, AIHW, Canberra, 2012, p. vi.

[10]      AIHW, Medical Workforce 2010, AIHW, Canberra, 2012, p. 24.

[11]      Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, Submission 110, p. 3.  

[12]      Medical Board of Australia, Specialist Registration, available at: http://www.medicalboard.gov.au/Registration/Types/Specialist-Registration.aspx (accessed 17 July 2012).

[13]      The Royal Australian College of General Practitioners, National Rural Faculty, Submission 41, p. 2.

[14]      Submission 41, p. 3.

[15]      Submission 41, p. 10.

[16]      Submission 41, p. 10.

[17]      Submission 41, p. 4.

[18]      Submission 41, p. 10.

[19]      Submission 41, p. 11.

[20]      Submission 41, p. 12.

[21]      Royal College of Physicians, What is a Physician/Paediatrician?, http://www.racp.edu.au/index.cfm?objectid=D7FAA1D5-09B4-E1FD-5DE5E361F1A9C56E (accessed 21 July 2012).

[22]      Royal Australian College of Physicians, answer to question on notice, 11 May 2012, p. 2.  

[23]      Royal Australian College of Physicians, Committee Hansard, 11 May 2012, p. 54.  

[24]      Royal Australian College of Physicians, answer to question on notice, 11 May 2012, p. 2.

[25]      Royal Australian College of Physicians, answer to question on notice, 11 May 2012, p. 2.

[26]      Royal Australian College of Physicians, answer to question on notice, 11 May 2012, p. 7.

[27]      Royal Australian College of Physicians, answer to question on notice, 11 May 2012, p. 8.

[28]      Royal College of Physicians, Committee Hansard, 11 May 2012, p. 55.

[29]      Royal College of Physicians, Committee Hansard, 11 May 2012, p. 55.

[30]      Professor Bogda Koczwara, President, Clinical Oncological Society of Australia, Committee Hansard, 11 May 2012, p. 46.

[31]      Royal College of Physicians, Committee Hansard, 11 May 2012, p. 55.

[32]      Royal College of Physicians, Committee Hansard, 11 May 2012, p. 55.

[33]      Australian College of Rural and Remote Medicine, Submission 125, p. 2.

[34]      Dr Paul Mara, Rural Doctors Association of Australia, Committee Hansard, 11 May 2012, p.17.  

[35]      Prof. Richard Murray, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Molecular Sciences, James Cook University, Committee Hansard, 23 April 2012, p. 4.

[36]      Dr Meagher, Young District Medical Centre, Committee Hansard¸ 11 May 2012, p. 33.

[37]      Dr Douch, Young District Medical Centre, Committee Hansard¸11 May 2012, p. 33.

[38]      Dr Douch, Young District Medical Centre, Committee Hansard¸11 May 2012, p. 33.

[39]      Queensland Health, Submission 126, p. 1.

[40]      Dr Denis Lennox, Executive Director, Office of Rural and Remote Health at Queensland Health, Committee Hansard, 10 July 2012, p. 1.

[41]      Queensland Health, Submission 126, p. 1.

[42]      Submission 126, p. 1.

[43]      Ms Margie Mahon, Rural Health Workforce Australia, Proof Committee Hansard, 5 June 2012, p. 27.

[44]      Dr Mills, Royal Australian College of Nursing, Committee Hansard¸11 May 2012, p. 41.

[45]      Royal Australian College of General Practitioners, Submission 41, pp. 5, 8. 

[46]      Submission 41, p. 5.

[47]      Submission 41, p. 9.

[48]      Dr Kirkpatrick, Royal Australian College of General Practitioners, Committee Hansard, 5 June 2012, p. 39.

[49]      Dr Kirkpatrick, Royal Australian College of General Practitioners, Committee Hansard, 5 June 2012, p. 39.

[50]      Dr Meagher, Young District Medical Centre, Committee Hansard¸11 May 2012, p. 32.

[51]      Dr Meagher, Young District Medical Centre, Committee Hansard¸11 May 2012, p. 32.

[52]      Ms Wyatt, Australian College of Rural and Remote Medicine, Committee Hansard, 5 June 2012, p. 11.

[53]      Dr Denis Lennox, Executive Director, Office of Rural and Remote Health at Queensland Health, Committee Hansard, 10 July 2012, p. 2.

[54]      Dr Denis Lennox, Executive Director, Office of Rural and Remote Health at Queensland Health, Committee Hansard, 10 July 2012, p. 1.

[55]      Dr John Boffa, Central Australian Aboriginal Congress, Committee Hansard, 20 February 2012, p. 2.

[56]      Dr John Boffa, Committee Hansard, 20 February 2012, p. 2.

[57]      Northern Territory General Practice, About Us,  http://ntgpe.org/index.php/about-us/, (accessed 13 August 2012).

[58]      Health Education and Training Institute Rural Directorate, NSW Rural Generalist Training Program factsheet. P. 1 of 2, available at:  http://www.ruralheti.health.nsw.gov.au/__documents/initiatives/rural-generalist-training-program/rural-generalist-information-fact-sheet.pdf (accessed 17 July 2012).

[59]      Health Education and Training Institute Rural Directorate, NSW Rural Generalist Training Program factsheet. P. 1 of 2, available at: http://www.ruralheti.health.nsw.gov.au/__documents/initiatives/rural-generalist-training-program/rural-generalist-information-fact-sheet.pdf (accessed 17 July 2012).

[60]      Queensland Health, Submission 126, p. 1.

Chapter 4 - Attempts to address the rural medical skills deficit

[1]        National Rural Health Alliance Inc., Submission 95, p. 3.

[2]        Productivity Commission, Australia's Health Workforce, Canberra, December 2005, p. 213.

[3]        Department of Health and Ageing, Submission 74, p. 7.

[4]        Australian Government Department of Health and Ageing, Submission 74, p. 9. (These figures are based on Full-time Workload Equivalent (FWE) which is a standardised measure used to estimate the workforce activity of GPs and adjusts for the partial contribution of casual and part-time doctors.)

[5]        Australian Government Department of Health and Ageing, Submission 74, p. 9.

[6]        Rural Doctors Association of Australia, Submission 67, p. 11.

[7]        Professor John Humphreys, Centre of Research Excellence in Rural and Remote Primary Health Care, Committee Hansard, 5 June 2012, p. 16.

[8]        Australian Government Department of Health and Ageing, Submission 74, p. 9.

[9]        Rural Health Workforce Australia, Submission 107, p. 29.

[10]      Rural Health Workforce Australia, Submission 107, p. 11.

[11]      Rural and Regional Health Australia, 5 Year Overseas Trained Doctor Scheme, available from: http://www.ruralhealthaustralia.gov.au/internet/rha/publishing.nsf/Content/5_Year_Overseas_Trained_Doctor_Scheme, (accessed 6 July 2012).

[12]      New South Wales Rural Doctors Network, Five Year Rural Incentive Scheme for Overseas Trained Doctors: approved locations as at September 2008, available from: http://nswrdn.com.au/client_images/665737.pdf, (accessed 23 July 2012).

[13]      Dr John Boffa, Central Australian Aboriginal Congress, Committee Hansard, 20 February 2012, p. 3.

[14]      Rural Doctors Association of Australia, Submission 67, p. 11.

[15]      Rural Health Workforce Australia, Submission 107, p. 29.

[16]      Professor John Dwyer, Charles Sturt University, Committee Hansard, 5 June 2012, p. 3.

[17]      Department of Health and Ageing (Deloitte Access Economics), Review of the Rural Medical Workforce Distribution Programs and Policies, 17 August 2011, p. 38.

[18]      Rural Doctors Association of Australia, Submission 67, p. 23.

[19]      Rural Australia Medical Undergraduate Scholarship Scheme, available from: http://ramus.ruralhealth.org.au/, (accessed 20 July 2012).

[20]      This overview of the RCS Program draws heavily from the 2008 report Evaluation of the University Departments of Rural Health Program and the Rural Clinical Schools Program prepared by Urbis on behalf of the Department of Health and Ageing. The full report is available here: http://www.health.gov.au/internet/main/publishing.nsf/Content/F113F29BD0A03FB8CA2575DE00227803/$File/udrheval.pdf

[21]      Urbis (on behalf of the Department of Health and Ageing), Evaluation of the University Departments of Rural Health Program and the Rural Clinical Schools Program, 2008, available from: http://www.health.gov.au/internet/main/publishing.nsf/Content/F113F29BD0A03FB8CA2575DE00227803/$File/udrheval.pdf, (accessed 19 June 2012), p. 60.

[22]      Australian Government Department of Health and Ageing, Submission 74, p. 13.

[23]      Department of Health and Ageing, Rural Undergraduate Support and Coordination Program, available from: http://www.health.gov.au/internet/main/publishing.nsf/Content/work-st-rusc, (accessed 19 July 2012).

[24]      Australian Government Department of Health and Ageing, Submission 74, p. 13.

[25]      Australian Government Department of Health and Ageing, Submission 74, p. 13. Chapter 5 of this report includes further information on the ASGC-RA system.

[26]      Professor Andrew Vann, Charles Sturt University, Committee Hansard, 5 June 2012, p. 2.

[27]      Department of Health and Ageing, Medical Rural Bonded Scholarship Scheme, available from: http://www.health.gov.au/mrbscholarships, (accessed 2 July 2012).

[28]      Rural Health Workforce Australia, Submission 107, p. 23.

[29]      Dr John Boffa, Central Australia Aboriginal Congress, Committee Hansard, 20 February 2012, pp 2–3.

[30]      For example: Dr Deborah Cole, Dental Health Services Victoria, Committee Hansard, 5 June 2012, p. 46;  Dr Mourik, Committee Hansard, 5 June 2012, p. 46; Mr Rod Hook, Tropical Medical Training, Committee Hansard, 23 April 2012, pp 12–13.

[31]      Rural Doctors Association of Australia, Submission 67, p. 14.

[32]      Rural Health Workforce Australia, Submission 107, p. 19.

[33]      Rural Health Workforce Australia, Submission 107, p. 19.

[34]      Department of Human Services, General Practitioner Component, available from: http://www.medicareaustralia.gov.au/provider/patients/rural-programs/general-practice/general-practitioner.jsp, (accessed 19 July 2012).

[35]      Department of Human Services, Registrar Component, available from: http://www.medicareaustralia.gov.au/provider/patients/rural-programs/general-practice/registrar.jsp , (accessed 19 July 2012).

[36]      Department of Human Services, Rural Relocation Incentive Grant, available from: http://www.medicareaustralia.gov.au/provider/patients/rural-programs/general-practice/relocation-incentive.jsp, (accessed 19 July 2012).

[37]      Department of Health and Ageing, Submission 74, p. 11.

[38]      Rural Health Workforce Australia, Submission 107, pp 19–20.

[39]      Department of Health and Ageing, Rural GP Locum Program, available from: http://www.health.gov.au/internet/main/publishing.nsf/Content/work-pr-rgplp, (accessed 6 July 2012).

[40]      Rural Health Workforce Australia, Submission 107, p. 17.

[41]      Department of Human Services, Rural Procedural Grants Program, available from: http://www.medicareaustralia.gov.au/provider/patients/rural-programs/rural-procedural-grants.jsp, (accessed 20 July 2012).

[42]      Department of Health and Ageing, HECS Reimbursement Scheme, available from: http://www.health.gov.au/internet/main/publishing.nsf/content/work-pr-hecs, (accessed 20 July 2012).

[43]      Rural Doctors Association of Australia, Submission 67, p. 13.

[44]      Rural Doctors Association of Australia, Submission 67, pp 13–14.

[45]      Rural Doctors Association of Australia, Submission 67, p. 23.

[46]      Department of Health and Ageing, GP Super Clinics, Primary Care Infrastructure Grants, available from: http://www.health.gov.au/internet/main/publishing.nsf/Content/pacd-gpsuperclinics-pcigg2010 (accessed 10 August 2012).

[47]      Department of Health and Ageing, GP Super Clinics, Primary Care Infrastructure Grants, available from: http://www.health.gov.au/internet/main/publishing.nsf/Content/pacd-gpsuperclinics-pcigg2010 (accessed 10 August 2012). 

[48]      Dietitians Association of Australia, Submission 86, p. [1].

[49]      Royal College of Nursing, Australia, Submission 82, p. 2.

[50]      Services for Australian Rural and Remote Allied Health, Submission 62, p. 9.

[51]      Australian Psychological Society, Submission 87, p. 8; National Rural Health Alliance Inc., Submission 95, p. 3; Australian Physiotherapy Association, Submission 71, pp 5–7

[52]      Australian Physiotherapy Association, Committee Hansard, 5 June 2012, p. 55.

[53]      Rural Health Workforce Australia, Submission 107, p. 23; Australian Physiotherapy Association, Submission 71, p. 10.

[54]      Mr Gordon Gregory, National Rural Health Alliance, Committee Hansard, 11 May 2012, p. 26.

[55]      Services for Australian Rural and Remote Allied Health, Submission 62, p. 3.

[56]      Royal College of Nursing, Australia, Submission 82, p. 2.

[57]      Pharmaceutical Society of Australia, Submission 83, pp 6–7.

[58]      Mr Rod Wellington, Services for Australian Rural and Remote Allied Health, Committee Hansard, 11 May 2012, p. 2.

[59]      eHealth, What is eHealth?, http://www.ehealthinfo.gov.au (accessed 14 August 2012).

[60]      Mr Gordon Gregory, Executive Director, National Rural Health Alliance, Committee Hansard, 11 May 2012, p. 24.

[61]      Ms Gerardine Malone, National Coordinator of Professional Services, CRANAplus, Committee Hansard, 11 May 2012, pp 39–40.

[62]      Professor Bogda Koczwara, President, Clinical Oncological Society of Australia, Committee Hansard, 11 May 2012, p. 47.

[63]      Professor Richard Murray, Dean of Medicine and Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Molecular Sciences, James Cook University, Committee Hansard, 23 April 2012, pp. 7–8.

[64]      Ms Catherine O'Toole, State President, Queensland Alliance for Mental Health, Committee Hansard, 23 April 2012, p. 28.

[65]      Ms Catherine O'Toole, State President, Queensland Alliance for Mental Health, Committee Hansard, 23 April 2012, p. 29.

[66]      Ms Aileen Colley, Mental Health Services Director, Townsville/Mackay Medicare Local, Committee Hansard, 23 April 2012, p. 36.          

[67]      Dr Deborah Cole, Chief Executive Officer, Dental Health Services Victoria, Committee Hansard, 5 June 2012, p. 47.

[68]      Rural Health Education Foundation, Submission 127, p. 2.

[69]      Rural Health Education Foundation, Submission 127, p. 2.

[70]      Productivity Commission, Australia's Health Workforce, Canberra, December 2005,                pp 249–66.

[71]      Productivity Commission, Australia's Health Workforce, Canberra, December 2005, p. 215.

[72]      R.M. Parker, L.E. Forrest, J. Desborough, I. McRae, & T. Boyland, Independent evaluation of the nurse-led ACT Health Walk-in Centre, Australian Primary Health Care Research Institute, Canberra, 2011, p. 9.

[73]      Australian General Practice Network. National practice nurse workforce survey report 2009. AGPN, Canberra, 2010; Australian General Practice Network. National practice nurse workforce survey report 2007. AGPN, Canberra, 2008; Australian General Practice Network. National practice nurse workforce survey report 2003. AGPN, Canberra, 2004.

[74]      C. Godden, K. Dwan, J. Derret, D. Cox, 'What practice nurses do and what consumers are willing to let them do: an online survey of ACT health care consumers' Health Issues, 2010 Spring; (104), pp 32–3.

[75]      Ms Gerardine Malone, Royal College of Nursing Australia, Committee Hansard, 11 May 2012, p. 43.

[76]      Ms Melissa Cameron, Rural Health Workforce Australia, Committee Hansard, 11 June 2012, p. 29.

[77]      Royal College of Nursing Australia, Submission 82, p. 3.

[78]      Pharmaceutical Society of Australia, Submission 83, p. 4.

[79]      Australian Psychological Society, Submission 87, p. 11.

[80]      Australian Dental Association, Submission 73, p. 7.

[81]      Dr Deborah Cole, Dental Health Services Victoria, Committee Hansard, 11 June 2012, p. 49.

[82]      Australian Medical Association, Submission 42, Attachment 1, p. 2.

[83]      Australian Medical Association, Submission 42, pp 1–7.

[84]      Australian Medical Association, Submission 42, pp 1–7.

[85]      Dr Paul Mara, RDAA, Committee Hansard¸11 May 2012, p. 20.

[86]      Dr Steve Hambleton, Australian Medical Association, Committee Hansard, 11 May 2012, pp 66–67.

[87]      Productivity Commission, Australia's Health Workforce, Canberra, December 2005, pp 214, 226.

[88]      Dr Steve Hambleton, Australian Medical Association, Committee Hansard, 11 May 2012, p. 66.

[89]      Dr Pieter Mourik, private capacity, Committee Hansard, 5 June 2012, p. 58.

[90]      Productivity Commission, Australia's Health Workforce, Canberra, December 2005, p. 238.

[91]      Charles Sturt University, answer to question on notice, 5 June 2012 (received 29 June 2012), p. [8].

[92]      Charles Sturt University, answer to question on notice, 5 June 2012 (received 29 June 2012), p. [10].

[93]      Professor John Humphreys, Centre of Research Excellence in Rural and Remote Primary Health Care, Committee Hansard, 5 June 2012, p. 16.

[94]      Professor John Humphreys, Centre of Research Excellence in Rural and Remote Primary Health Care, Committee Hansard, 5 June 2012, p. 21.

[95]      Professor John Humphreys, Centre of Research Excellence in Rural and Remote Primary Health Care, Committee Hansard, 5 June 2012, pp 21–22.

[96]      National Rural Health Alliance Inc., Submission 95, p. 12.

[97]      Department of Health and Ageing, Submission 74, p. 7.

[98]      National Rural Health Alliance Inc., Submission 95, p. 12.

[99]      Rural Doctors Association of Australia, Submission 67, p. 10.

[100]    House of Representatives Standing Committee on Health and Ageing, Lost in the Labyrinth: Report on the inquiry into registration processes and support for overseas trained doctors, pp ix–xi.

Chapter 5 - Australian Standard Geographical Classification for Remoteness Areas

[1]        Office of the Australian Information Commissioner, Your Privacy Rights FAQs, http://www.privacy.gov.au/faq/individuals/q16 , (accessed 11 April 2012).

[2]        Australian Bureau of Statistics, Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS): Volume 1 – Main Structure and Greater Capital City Statistical Areas, July 2011, http://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/Latestproducts/0A9EA8C0BC932712CA257801000C6478?opendocument, 2010, p. 1 (accessed 11 April 2012).

[3]        Australian Bureau of Statistics, Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS): Volume 1 – Main Structure and Greater Capital City Statistical Areas, July 2011, http://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/Latestproducts/0A9EA8C0BC932712CA257801000C6478?opendocument, 2010, p. 1 (accessed 11 April 2012).

[4]        Department of Health and Ageing, Committee Hansard, 11 May 2012, p. 68.

[5]        Australian Bureau of Statistics, 1216.0 - Australian Standard Geographical Classification (ASGC), http://www.ausstats.abs.gov.au/ausstats/free.nsf/0/CEDCA4A828C5BFEBCA25722500049188/$File/12160_1994.pdf

[6]        The sixth category, 'Migratory', is not relevant to this chapter. It is used to describe people who were in transit on Census night.

[7]        Service Centres - are populated localities where the population is greater than 1000 persons (greater than 200 in the case of ARIA++). The Urban Centre/Locality Structure of the 2001 ASGC has been used to define the areal extent and population of these areas. The ARIA+ analysis considers about 730 services centres in determining remoteness values across Australia. These service centres are a subset of the 11,879 populated localities. In instances where the ABS defined Urban Centres are split by a state boarder, such as in the case of Albury and Wodonga, the population and spatial extents for each of these Urban Centres have been combined and treated as one service centre. (Further information on Service Centre Categories is available at http://www.adelaide.edu.au/apmrc/research/projects/category/about_aria.html (accessed 25 July 2012). 

[8]        This was 0 and 12 in the original ARIA.

[9]        There were only four different sized urban centres in the original ARIA.

[10]      University of Adelaide, 2011, ARIA and Accessibility, http://www.adelaide.edu.au/apmrc/research/projects/category/aria.htm   (accessed 11 April 2012).

[11]      University of Adelaide, 2011, ARIA and Accessibility, http://www.adelaide.edu.au/apmrc/research/projects/category/aria.htm (accessed 11 April 2012).

[12]      Australian Bureau of Statistics, ASGC Remoteness Classification: Use and Purpose, http://www.abs.gov.au/Websitedbs/D3110122.NSF/4a255eef008309e44a255eef00061e57/f9c96fb635cce780ca256d420005dc02/$FILE/Remoteness_Paper_text_final.pdf , 2001, p. 3. (accessed 11 April 2012).

[13]      Australian Bureau of Statistics, answer to question on notice, 11 May 2012 (received 31 May 2012).

[14]      Australian Bureau of Statistics, , ASGC Remoteness Classification: Use and Purpose, http://www.abs.gov.au/Websitedbs/D3110122.NSF/4a255eef008309e44a255eef00061e57/f9c96fb635cce780ca256d420005dc02/$FILE/Remoteness_Paper_text_final.pdf, 2001, p. 2.

[15]      Australian Bureau of Statistics, Submission 124, p. 6.

[16]      Australian Bureau of Statistics, Committee Hansard, 11 May 2012, p. 11.

[17]      The 2011 census data is not yet available. ABS, Population Distribution, 2006, http://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/Lookup/4102.0Chapter3002008 (accessed 11 April 2012).

[18]      DoctorConnect, Scaling for overseas doctors, http://www.doctorconnect.gov.au/internet/otd/publishing.nsf/Content/scalingForOverseasTrainedDoctors, (accessed 12 April 2012).

[19]      DoctorConnect, GP Component FAQs, What are the incentive payment rates?, http://www.doctorconnect.gov.au/internet/otd/publishing.nsf/Content/gpComponentFaq, (accessed 13 April 2012).

[20]      DoctorConnect, National Rural Locum Program, http://www.doctorconnect.gov.au/internet/otd/publishing.nsf/Content/NRLP (accessed 25 July 2012).  

[21]      Department of Health and Ageing, Scaling for overseas trained doctors, http://www.doctorconnect.gov.au/internet/otd/publishing.nsf/Content/scalingForOverseasTrainedDoctors (accessed 11 April 2012).

[22]      Australian Bureau of Statistics, ASGC Remoteness Classification: Purpose and Use, Census Paper No. 03/01, 2003, p. 12.

[23]      Dr Pieter Mourik, Submission 12, p. 3.

[24]      Services for Australian Rural and Remote Allied Health, Committee Hansard, 11 May 2012, p. 1.

[25]      Charles Sturt University, Submission 68, p. 24.

[26]      Rural Doctors Association of Australia, Submission 67, p. 15.

[27]      Submission 67, pp 15–16.

[28]      Professor John Humphreys, Centre of Research Excellence in Rural and Remote Primary Health Care, Committee Hansard, 5 June 2012, p 16.

[29]      National Rural Health Alliance, Submission 95, pp 3–4.

[30]      Australian Medical Association, Submission 42, p. 16.

[31]      Dr Paul Mara, Rural Doctors Association of Australia, Committee Hansard, 11 May 2012, p, 13.

[32]      General Practice Victoria, Submission 49, p. 5.

[33]      General Practice Victoria, Submission 49, p. 5.

[34]      Young District Medical Centre, Submission 37, p. 2.

[35]      ABS, Population Distribution, 2006, http://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/Lookup/4102.0Chapter3002008 (accessed 11 April 2012).

[36]      ABS, 3218.0 Regional Population Growth, Australia, Table 3‑Estimated Resident Population, Statistical Local Areas, Queensland, 30 March 2012, http://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/DetailsPage/3218.02010-11 (accessed 11 April 2012), hereafter, ABS, 3218.0 Regional Population Growth.

[37]      ABS, 3218.0 Regional Population Growth.

[38]      ABS, 2006 Census QuickStats : Herberton (L) (Urban Centre/Locality) 25 October 2007, http://www.censusdata.abs.gov.au/ABSNavigation/prenav/LocationSearch?collection=Census&period=2006&areacode=UCL326800&producttype=QuickStats&breadcrumb=PL&action=401 (accessed 11 April 2011).

[39]      Mr Rod Hook, Tropical Medical Training, Committee Hansard, 23 April 2012, p. 15.  

[40]      Department of Health and Ageing, Committee Hansard, 11 May 2012, p. 68.

[41]      Department of Health and Ageing, Committee Hansard, 11 May 2012, p. 68.

[42]      Department of Health and Ageing, Committee Hansard, 10 June 2012, p. 16.

[43]      Department of Health and Ageing, Submission 74, Attachment A, p. 8.

[44]      Department of Health and Ageing, Submission 74, Attachment A, p. 9.

[45]      Department of Health and Ageing, Committee Hansard, 11 May 2012, p. 69.

[46]      Department of Health and Ageing, Committee Hansard, 10 June 2012, p. 16.

[47]      Dr John Boffa, Central Australian Aboriginal Congress, Committee Hansard, 20 February 2012, pp 15–16.

[48]      Australian Health and Hospitals Association, Submission 72, p. 14.

[49]      Australian Health and Hospitals Association, Submission 72, p. 14.

[50]      Australian Medical Association, Submission 42, p. 16.

[51]      Australian Medical Association, Submission 42, p. 18.

[52]      Australian Medical Association, Submission 42, pp 19–20.

[53]      Professor John Humphreys, Centre of Research Excellence in Rural and Remote Primary Health Care, Committee Hansard, 5 June 2012, p 16.

[54]      Centre of Research Excellence in Rural and Remote Primary Health Care, Submission 32, p. 2.

[55]      Humphreys et al, Who should receive recruitment and retention incentives?, Aust. J. Rural Health (2012), No. 20, pp 3-10.

[56]      Centre of Research Excellence in Rural and Remote Primary Health Care, Submission 32, p. 12.

[57]      Centre of Research Excellence in Rural and Remote Primary Health Care, Submission 32, p. 12.

[58]      National Rural Health Alliance, Committee Hansard, 11 May 2012, p. 27.

[59]      National Rural Health Alliance, Committee Hansard, 11 May 2012, p. 24.

[60]      Department of Health and Ageing, District of workforce shortage, http://www.doctorconnect.gov.au/internet/otd/publishing.nsf/Content/dwsFactsheet (accessed 12 April 2012).

Chapter 6 - The role of universities and medical schools

[1]        Department of Health and Ageing, Submission 74, p. 13.

[2]        Department of Health and Ageing, Submission 74, p. 13.

[3]        Ms Pam Stronach, JCU, Committee Hansard, 23 April 2012, p. 1.

[4]        Department of Health and Ageing, Rural Clinical Schools Program evaluation, 2008, p. 1, http://www.health.gov.au/internet/main/publishing.nsf/Content/F113F29BD0A03FB8CA2575DE00227803/$File/udrh5.pdf,  (accessed on 2 August 2012).

[5]        Department of Health and Ageing, Rural Clinical Training and Support, http://www.health.gov.au/internet/main/publishing.nsf/Content/work-st-rcts, (accessed 1 August 2012). 

[6]        Department of Health and Ageing, Rural Clinical Training and Support, http://www.health.gov.au/internet/main/publishing.nsf/Content/work-st-rcts, (accessed 1 August 2012). 

[7]        Rural Health Workforce Australia, Submission 107, p. 23.

[8]        Ms Pam Stronach, JCU, Committee Hansard, 23 April 2012, p. 1.

[9]        University of Western Australia, Submission 5, p. 7.

[10]      Department of Health and Ageing, Rural Clinical Training  and Support (RCTS) 2011-2014 – Program Guidelines, p. 1, available at: http://www.health.gov.au/internet/main/publishing.nsf/Content/1E915ABB10570BF7CA257989000AE7F5/$File/Guidelines%20RCTS%202011-14.pdf (accessed on 13 August 2012).

[11]      Department of Health and Ageing, Rural Clinical Training  and Support (RCTS) 2011-2014 – Program Guidelines, p. 3, available at: http://www.health.gov.au/internet/main/publishing.nsf/Content/1E915ABB10570BF7CA257989000AE7F5/$File/Guidelines%20RCTS%202011-14.pdf (accessed on 13 August 2012).

[12]      HWQ, Submission 66, p. 3.

[13]      ABS, Population Distribution, 2006, http://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/Lookup/4102.0Chapter3002008 (accessed 11 April 2012).

[14]      Prof. Klomp, CSU, Committee Hansard, 5 June 2012, p. 4.

[15]      Prof. Vann, CSU, Committee Hansard, 5 June 2012, p. 2.

[16]      Prof. Dwyer, CSU, Committee Hansard, 5 June 2012, p. 3.

[17]      Prof. Dwyer, CSU, Committee Hansard, 5 June 2012, p. 3.

[18]      Prof. Vann, CSU, Committee Hansard, 5 June 2012, pp 1-2.

[19]      Dr Lennox, Queensland Health, Committee Hansard, 10 July 2012, p. 4.

[20]      Prof. Humphreys, CRERRPHC, Committee Hansard, 5 June 2012, p. 23.

[21]      Department of Health and Ageing, Submission 74, Attachment A, p. 17.

[22]      Rural Health Workforce Australia, Submission 107, p. 24.

[23]      Prof.Dwyer, CSU, Committee Hansard, 5 June 2012, p. 3.

[24]      Prof. Nicholson, University of Queensland, Committee Hansard, 10 July 2012, pp 7–8.

[25]      Prof. Nicholson, University of Queensland, Committee Hansard, 10 July 2012, p. 7.

[26]      Prof. Nicholson, University of Queensland UQ, Committee Hansard, 10 July 2012, p. 8.

[27]      Department of Health and Ageing, Committee Hansard, 10 July 2012, p. 15.

[28]      Professor Vann, CSU, Committee Hansard, 5 June 2012, p. 1.

[29]      University of Western Australia, Submission 5, p. 7.

[30]      CRERRPHC, Submission 32, p. 4.

[31]      Prof. Richard Murray, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Molecular Sciences, JCU, Committee Hansard, 23 April 2012, p. 3.

[32]      Prof. Richard Murray, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Molecular Sciences, JCU, Committee Hansard, 23 April 2012, p. 3.

[33]      CSU, Supplementary Submission 68, Growing the Next Generation of Rural Health Practitioners, pp 4–5.  

[34]      CSU, Supplementary Submission 68, Growing the Next Generation of Rural Health Practitioners, p. 4.  

[35]      Professor Karen Francis, Royal College of Nursing, Committee Hansard, 11 May 2012, p. 38.

[36]      CSU, Supplementary Submission 68, Growing the Next Generation of Rural Health Practitioners, p. 4.  

[37]      Mr Rod Wellington, SARRAH, Committee Hansard, 11 May 2012, p. 2.

[38]      Department of Health and Ageing, Committee Hansard, 10 July 2012, pp 20–21.  

[39]      Dr Lennox, Queensland Health, Committee Hansard, 10 July 2012, p. 4.

[40]      Dr Lennox, Queensland Health, Committee Hansard, 10 July 2012, p. 6.

[41]      Professor Vann, Charles Sturt University, Committee Hansard, 5 June 2012, p. 5.

[42]      Dr Pieter Mourik, Submission 12, p. [2].

[43]      Dr Pieter Mourik, Committee Hansard, 5 June 2012, p. 61.

[44]      AMA, Becoming a doctor and bonded medical school places - a guide for prospective medical students, http://ama.com.au/node/4130#Undergraduate_medical_Education, 31 October 2007, (accessed on 4 August 2012).

[45]      ABC News AM, Not enough internships for medical graduates, http://www.abc.net.au/am/content/2012/s3550909.htm, 23 July 2012, (accessed on 4 August 2012).

[46]      ABC News AM, Not enough internships for medical graduates, http://www.abc.net.au/am/content/2012/s3550909.htm, 23 July 2012, (accessed on 4 August 2012).

[47]      Prof. Geoff Nicholson, UQ, Committee Hansard, 10 July 2012, p. 14.

[48]      Prof. Geoff Nicholson, UQ, Committee Hansard, 10 July 2012, p. 14.

[49]      RDAA, Committee Hansard, 11 May 2012, p. 17.

[50]      RDAA, Committee Hansard, 11 May 2012, p. 17.

[51]      AMA, Submission 42, p. 2

[52]      Dr Leslie Bolitho, Royal Australian College of Physicians, Committee Hansard,11 May 2012, p. 53

[53]      City of Mount Gambier Council, Submission 89, p. 1.

[54]      Dr Pieter Mourik, Committee Hansard, 5 June 2012, p. 59.

[55]      Rural Doctors Workforce Agency, R2RGP, Road the General Practice, June 2011, p. 3.

[56]      NSW Health, Securing a Stable Medical Workforce for NSW Rural Communities, August 2011, p. 5.

[57]      Ms Dianne Wyatt, Australian College for Rural and Remote Medicine, Committee Hansard, 5 June 2012, pp 14-15.  

[58]      Dr Kathryn Kirkpatrick, Royal Australian College of general Practitioners, Committee Hansard, 5 June 2012, p. 36.

[59]      Dr Kathryn Kirkpatrick, Royal Australian College of general Practitioners, Committee Hansard, 5 June 2012, p. 36.

[60]      Ms Stephanie Bell, Central Australian Aboriginal Congress, Committee Hansard¸ 20 February 2012, p. 3.

[61]      Department of Health and Ageing, Committee Hansard, 10 July 2012, p.21.

[62]      Dr Pieter Mourik, Committee Hansard, 5 June 2012, p. 59.

[63]      Dr Pieter Mourik, Committee Hansard, 5 June 2012, p. 59.

[64]      Dr Dennis Lennox, Queensland Health, Committee Hansard, 10 July 2012, p. 3.

[65]      Prof. Geoff Nicholson, UQ, Committee Hansard, 10 July 2012, p. 10.

[66]      SARRAH, Nursing and Allied Health Scholarship and Support Scheme (NAHSSS), http://www.sarrah.org.au/site/index.cfm?display=74996, (accessed on 4 August 2012). 

[67]      Mr Rod Wellington, SARRAH, Committee Hansard, 11 May 2012, p. 3.

[68]      Ms Pam Stronach, JCU, Committee Hansard, 23 April 2012, p. 2.

[69]      Mr Ian Hook, Tropical Medical Training, Committee Hansard, 23 April 2012, p. 13.  

[70]      Dr Rod Nan Tie, Tropical Medical Training, Committee Hansard, 23 April 2012, p. 17.

[71]      Mr Ian Mitchell, Health Workforce Queensland, Committee Hansard, 23 April 2012, p. 27.

[72]      Mr Chips Mackinolty, Aboriginal Medical Services Alliance of the Northern Territory, Committee Hansard, 24 February 2012, p. 3.

Chapter 7 - Medicare Locals

[1]        Council of Australian Governments, National Health Reform Agreement, 2011, p. 50.

[2]        Council of Australian Governments, National Health Reform Agreement, 2011, p. 50.

[3]        Mr Mark Booth, First Assistant Secretary, Department of Health and Ageing, Committee Hansard, 11 May 2012, p. 74.

[4]        Department of Health and Ageing, Background Paper: Medicare Locals Health Needs Assessment and Planning, http://www.agpn.com.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0011/40331/20120106_BRF_Background-Paper-Medicare-Locals-Health-Needs-Assessment-and-Planning.pdf, (accessed 30 July 2012).

[5]        Department of Health and Ageing, Background Paper: Medicare Locals Health Needs Assessment and Planning, http://www.agpn.com.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0011/40331/20120106_BRF_Background-Paper-Medicare-Locals-Health-Needs-Assessment-and-Planning.pdf, (accessed 30 July 2012).

[6]        Mr Gordon Gregory, NRHA, Committee Hansard, 11 May 2012, p. 24.

[7]        CRANAplus, Submission 26, p. 6.

[8]        NSW Rural Doctors Network, Submission 18, p. 3.

[9]        Dr Leslie Bolitho, Royal Australasian College of Physicians, Committee Hansard, 11 May 2012, p. 54.

[10]      Ms Catherine O'Toole, QAMH, Committee Hansard, 23 April 2012, p. 28.

[11]      Mr Gordon Gregory, NRHA, Committee Hansard, 11 May 2012, p. 25.

[12]      Professor Karen Francis, Royal College of Nursing, Australia, Committee Hansard, 11 May 2012, p. 39.

[13]      The Council of Ambulance Authorities Inc., Submission 6, p. 7.

[14]      Department of Health and Ageing, Establishment of Medicare Locals and better access to after hours care, http://www.yourhealth.gov.au/internet/yourhealth/publishing.nsf/Content/factsheet-gp-01#2, (accessed on 30 July 2012).

[15]      Department of Health and Ageing, Establishment of Medicare Locals and better access to after hours care, http://www.yourhealth.gov.au/internet/yourhealth/publishing.nsf/Content/factsheet-gp-01#2, (accessed on 30 July 2012).

[16]      Department of Health and Ageing, Establishment of Medicare Locals and better access to after hours care, http://www.yourhealth.gov.au/internet/yourhealth/publishing.nsf/Content/factsheet-gp-01#2, (accessed on 30 July 2012).

[17]      RDAA, Submission 67, p. 26.

[18]      RDAA, Submission 67, p. 27.

[19]      RDAA, Submission 67, p. 28.

[20]      Dr William Meagher, Young District Medical Centre, Committee Hansard, 11 May 2012, p. 31.

[21]      Orbost Regional Health, Submission 16, p. [3].

[22]      Department of Health and Ageing, Committee Hansard, 10 July 2012, p. 22.

[23]      Department of Health and Ageing, Committee Hansard, 11 May 2012, p. 74.

[24]      Department of Health and Ageing, Committee Hansard, 10 July 2012, p. 22.

[25]      Department of Health and Ageing, Committee Hansard, 10 July 2012, p. 21.

[26]      Department of Health and Ageing, Committee Hansard, 10 July 2012, p. 22.

[27]      Mr Gordon Gregory, NRHA, Committee Hansard, 11 May 2012, p. 27.

[28]      Victorian Healthcare Association, Submission 2, p. 3.

[29]      Australian Association of Social Workers, Submission 96, p. 4.

[30]      Ms Anne Handley, NRHA, Committee Hansard, 11 May 2012, p. 26.

[31]      Ms Dianne Wyatt, Australian College of Rural and Remote Medicine, Committee Hansard, 5 June 2012, p. 13.

[32]      AMA, Submission 42, pp 9–10.

[33]      Ms Catherine Crawford, The North Queensland Combined Women's Services, Committee Hansard, 23 April 2012, p. 41.

[34]      CRANAplus, Submission 26, p. 6.

[35]      Miss Angela Tridente, General Practice Network Northern Territory, Committee Hansard, 24 February 2012, p. 14.

[36]      Mr Ian Hook, Tropical Medical Training, Committee Hansard, 23 April 2012, p. 9.

[37]      CRERRPHC, Submission 32, p. 6.

[38]      Ms Margie Mahon, RHWA, Committee Hansard, 5 June 2012, p. 25.

[39]      Tasmanian Government Department of Health and Human Services, Submission 69, p. 21.

[40]      Dr Deborah Cole, Dental Health Services Victoria, Committee Hansard, 5 June 2012, p. 46.

[41]      Mr Jonathan Kruger, APA, Committee Hansard, 5 June 2012, p. 55.

[42]      RHWA, Submission 107, p. 17.

[43]      Centre of Research Excellence in Rural and Remote Primary Health Care, Submission 32, p. 6.

[44]      General Practice Queensland, Submission 60, p. 4; SARRAH, Submission 62, p. 9.

[45]      Department of Health and Ageing, Committee Hansard, 10 July 2012, p. 23.

[46]      Council of Ambulance Authorities, Committee Hansard, 5 June 2012, p. 43.

[47]      Department of Health and Ageing, Guide and Template for Medicare Locals Needs Assessment Report, version 1.0, p. 1.

[48]      Mr Mark Booth, First Assistant Secretary, Department of Health and Ageing, Committee Hansard, 11 May 2012, p. 74.