Footnotes

Chapter 1 - Introduction

[1]        See for example Recruitment and Retention of Nurses Progress Report: Overview, updated June 2001, Submission 867, Attachment 3 (NSW Health); Nurse Recruitment and Retention Committee: Government Response, June 2001, Submission 960 Attachment (Victorian Government); New Vision, New Direction: 2002 Status Plan, WA Department of Health

[2]        Submission 800, p.7 (NRHA).

Chapter 2 - Nurse shortages and the impact on health services

[1]        Submission 814, p.4 (ACCCN).

[2]        Submission 887, p.8 (Queensland Nursing Council).

[3]        See for example Submission 835, p.15 (APHA); Submission 937, p. 3 (ACT Government).

[4]        See for example Submission 736, p.5 (QUT).

[5]        Submission 736, p.5 (QUT).

[6]        Senate Community Affairs References Committee, Healing our Hospitals, Report on Public Hospital Funding, December 2000, p.6.

[7]        National Review of Nursing Education, Discussion Paper, December 2001, pp.60-65; see also Submission 937, p.2 (ACT Government).

[8]        Submission 942, p.5 (Queensland Health).

[9]        Figures for 1999 estimated, based on applying the average of 1996 and 1997 data to total registrations and enrolments for 1998 and 1999.

[10]      Nursing labour force figures include total employed in nursing, those on extended leave and those looking for work in nursing. AIHW, Nursing Labour Force 1999, p.34.

[11]      AIHW, Nursing Labour Force 1999, p.31.

[12]      Nursing Labour Force 1999, pp.18-19; pp.80-82.

[13]      Shah, C & G Burke, Job Growth and Replacement Needs in Nursing Occupations, Report 01/18 to the Evaluations and Investigations Programme, Higher Education Division, Department of Education, Science and Training, Canberra, 2001. http://www.dest.gov.au/highered/eippubs/eip01_18/2.htm

[14]      Education Review, pp.75-79, 96-101; see also Shah & Burke, sections 2.5.3, 2.6.

[15]      Education Review, p.75.

[16]      Submission 940, p.14 (SA Department of Human Services); Nurse Labourforce, Feb 2002.

[17]      Nurse Recruitment and Retention Committee (Victoria), Final Report, May 2001, p.34; Nurses Board of Victoria, Annual Report 2001, p.7.

[18]      Committee Hansard 28.2.02, pp.179,182 (Department of Human Services Victoria).

[19]      Submission 296, p.2 (Nurses Registration Board of NSW).

[20]      Committee Hansard 22.3.02, p.500 (NSW Health Department).

[21]      Queensland Nursing Council, Annual Report 2001, p.61.

[22]      Submission 942, Supplementary Information, 17.4.02, Queensland Health, Towards a sustainable supply for Queensland Health’s nursing workforce: Recruitment and planning issues, Sept 2000, pp.4,8; Queensland Nursing Council, Annual Report 2001, p.61.

[23]      Submission 923, p.4 (Department of Health and Human Services Tas).

[24]      Committee Hansard 21.3.02, pp.375, 378 (ACT Department of Health and Community Care).

[25]      Territory Health Services, Annual Report 2000-2001, p.19.

[26]      Submission 919, p.3 (ANF, NT Branch).

[27]      Nursing Labour Force 1999, p.13.

[28]      Submission 942, Supplementary Information, 17.4.02, p.6.

[29]      Nursing Labour Force 1999, p.12.

[30]      Submission 923, p.4 (Department of Health and Human Services Tasmania); Committee Hansard 27.2.02, p.66 (Swan Health Service).

[31]      Submission 940, p.12 (SA Department of Human Services); Committee Hansard 15.3.02, p.265 (Nursing Board of Tasmania).

[32]      Submission 926, p.6 (ANCI); ANF, 2002-2003, Federal Government Pre Budget Submission, February 2002, p.4; Submission 962, p.19 (ANF).

[33]      Committee Hansard 28.2.02, p.188 (Department Human Services, Vic); see also Submission 919, p.6 (ANF NT Branch).

[34]      Nursing Labour Force 1999, Table 37, p.66 and Table 38, p.67.

[35]      Submission 919, pp.2,3 (ANF NT Branch).

[36]      Submission 923, p.4 (Department of Health and Human Services Tasmania).

[37]      Submission 780, p.11 (WCH Vic).

[38]      Submission 936, p.10 (WHA & CHA).

[39]      Submission 937, p.1 (ACT Government).

[40]      Shah & Burke, Executive Summary, p.5.

[41]      Shortages exist where employers are unable to fill or have considerable difficulty in filling vacancies for an occupation or specialised skill needs within that occupation at current levels of remuneration and conditions of employment, and reasonably accessible location. See www.workplace.gov.au

[42]      People seeking to migrate to Australia on the basis of their work skills receive points if their nominated occupation is on the Migration Occupations in Demand List.

[43]      Submission 457, p.8 (QNU).

[44]      Submission 867, Attachment 3, p.3 (NSW Health); see also Submission 962, p.4 (ANF).

[45]      Committee Hansard 28.2.02, p.183 (Department of Human Services Victoria).

[46]      Submission 379, Appendix 5, The Hidden Costs of Understaffing, p.2 (ANF Vic Branch).

[47]      Committee Hansard 27.3.02, p.709 (ANF SA Branch).

[48]      Submission 375, Supplementary Information, 22.4.02 (ACT Government).

[49]      Submission 940, pp.16-17 (Department of Human Services SA); Committee Hansard 27.3.02, p.776.

[50]      Submission 960, p.9 (Victorian Government).

[51]      Submission 942, Supplementary Information, 17.4.02, p.12 (Queensland Health).

[52]      Department of Health and Human Services, Final report of the Tasmanian Nurse Workforce Planning Project, November 2001, Report 1, pp.29, 58.

[53]      Education Review, pp.87-89; see also Submission 928, pp.13-15 (DETYA).

[54]      Submission 928, p.16 (DETYA).

[55]      Committee Hansard 28.2.02, p.136 (Australian Council of Deans of Nursing).

[56]      See for example, Committee Hansard 27.2.02, p.82 (ANZCMHN WA Branch); Submission 940, p.23 (Department of Human Services SA).

[57]      Committee Hansard 28.2.02, p.187 (Department of Human Services Victoria).

[58]      Committee Hansard 27.2.02, p.75 (Peak Nursing Council of WA); see also Committee Hansard 22.2.02, p.473 (UTS).

[59]      Committee Hansard 28.2.02 p.137 (Australian Council of Deans of Nursing).

[60]      As an example, the Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital advised that overseas recruitment in 2001 was 26.63FTE through formal programs and 49.71FTE through informal programs, Submission 730, Additional Information 12.3.02. In Victoria there was 1105 overseas additions to the Victorian Nursing Register in 2000-01 (21% of the total). Of these 819 (74%) were from the UK/Ireland and New Zealand - Submission 960, Additional Information 8.5.02 (Vic DHS).

[61]      Submission 952, p.1 (DIMA).

[62]      Submission 952, 6 (DIMA).

[63]      Submission 780, pp.11-12 (WCH Vic).

[64]      Nurse Recruitment and Retention Committee, p.33.

[65]      Submission 867, p.5 (NSW Health Department). See also Committee Hansard 22.3.02 p.505.

[66]      Submission 914, p.17 (RMIT).

[67]      Submission 962, pp.6-7 (ANF).

[68]      Submission 960, Supplementary Information 8.5.02 (Department of Human Services Victoria).

[69]      Nursing Labour Force 1999, Table 13, p.34. See footnote 9 concerning 1999 labour force data.

[70]      Submission 867, Attachment, NSW Nursing Workforce Research Project, Sept 2000, pp.9,45 (NSW Health).

[71]      Submission 940, p.14 (Department of Human Services SA).

[72]      Submission 457, p.6 (QNU).

[73]      Nurse Recruitment and Retention Committee, Final Report, p.34.

[74]      Submission 444, p.2 (Nurses Board of the ACT).

[75]      Submission 765, p.2 (Nurses Board of Victoria).

[76]      Education Review, p.86.

[77]      Submission 927, p.4 (RCN).

[78]      Committee Hansard, 21.3.02, p.396 (CHA).

[79]      Submission 960, p.15 (Victorian Government).

[80]      Submission 191, p.2 (ANF NT Branch).

[81]      See for example, Committee Hansard 15.3.02, p.267 (Nursing Board of Tasmania); Submission 960, p.15 (Victorian Government).

[82]      Committee Hansard 28.2.02, p.186 (Department of Human Services, Vic).

[83]      Submission 835, Supplementary Information, p.3 (APHA).

[84]      Committee Hansard 27.2.02, p.81 (ANZCMHN WA Branch).

[85]      Submission 746, p.2 (Pioneer Homes).

[86]      Submission 871, Supplementary Information 21.3.02 and Committee Hansard 21.3.02, p.397 (UnitingCare).

[87]      Submission 835, Supplementary Information, p.5, (APHA).

[88]      Submission 960, p.15 (Victorian Government); Committee Hansard 28.2.02, p.186 (Department of Human Services Victoria).

[89]      Submission No 448, p.2 (Wollongong Hospital ICU Nursing Staff).

[90]      See for example, Submission 937, p. 4 (ACT Government); Rethinking Nursing, p.7.

[91]      Submission 765, p.4 (Nurses Board of Victoria).

[92]      Submission 480, p.3 (NSW College of Nursing).

[93]      Submission 444, p.2 (Nurses Board of the ACT).

[94]      Submission 926, p.7 (ANCI).

[95]      Submission 962, p.18 (ANF).

[96]      Submission 942, p.6 (Queensland Health).

[97]      DHA, Recruitment and Retention of Nurses in Residential Aged Care, Final Report, 2001, pp.17-21.

[98]      Johnson, D & B Preston, An Overview of Issues in Nursing Education, October 2001, Sec 1.6, http://www.detya.gov.au/highered/eippubs/eip01_12/fullreport.htm

[99]      Submission 962, p.18 (ANF).

[100]    Johnson & Preston, Sec. 1.6.

[101]    Duckett, S, ‘The Australian health workforce: facts and futures’, Australian Health Review, Vol 23, No 4, 2000, p.67.

[102]    Submission 942, p.6 (Queensland Health); see also Submission 937, p.1 (ACT Government); Submission 960, p.10 (Victorian Government); Committee Hansard 27.2.02, p.778 (Department of Human Services SA); Committee Hansard 22.2.02, p.500 (NSW Health).

[103]    Rethinking Nursing, p.3.

[104]    Submission 944 p.2 (DHAC).

[105]    Submission 962, p.20 (ANF).

[106]    Submission 962, p.18 (ANF); see also Committee Hansard, 27.3.02, p.696 (University of Adelaide).

[107]    See for example, Submission 962, p.18 (ANF); Committee Hansard 27.3.02, p.778 (Department of Human Services, SA); Submission 888, p.2 (Australian College of Health Service Executives).

[108]    Submission 936, p.11 (WHA & CHA).

[109]    Committee Hansard 28.2.02, pp.181-2 (Department of Human Services Victoria).

[110]    Submission 480, p.3 (NSW College of Nursing).

[111]    Committee Hansard 21.3.02, p.370 (ACT Department of Health and Community Care).

[112]    Submission 835, p.16 (APHA).

[113]    Committee Hansard 21.3.02, p.394 (APHA).

[114]    Committee Hansard 28.8.01, p.9 (DHAC).

[115]    Submission 962, p.18 (ANF).

[116]    Johnson & Preston, Sec 1.6.

[117]    Submission 960, p.9 (Victorian Government) Submission 962, p.18 (ANF).

[118]    Committee Hansard 27.3.02, p.776 (Department of Human Services SA).

[119]    Committee Hansard 26.3.02, p.574 (Queensland Health).

[120]    Submission 960, p.10 (Victorian Government).

[121]    Submission 962, p.21 (ANF).

[122]    Nurse Recruitment and Retention Committee, p.34.

[123]    See for example, Submission 962, p.4 (ANF); Submission 926, p.8 (ANCI).

[124]    Submission 960, pp.9-10 (Department of Human Services Victoria).

[125]    West Australian Study of Nursing and Midwifery, Steering Committee, New Vision, New Direction: report of the West Australian Study of Nursing and Midwifery, WA Department of Health, 2001, p.18.

[126]    Committee Hansard 26.3.02, p.577 (Queensland Health).

[127]    Submission 912, p.3 (AMAP).

[128]    Submission 835, p.4 (APHA).

[129]    Committee Hansard 21.3.02, p.370 (ACT Department of Health and Community Care); see also Submission 960, p.10 (Victorian Government).

[130]    Submission 822, p.2 (AHWAC).

[131]    See for example, Submission 867, Attachment 1, p.10 (NSW Health Department); Submission 962, p.20 (ANF); Submission 480, p.4 (NSW College of Nursing); Submission 942, p.17 (Queensland Health).

[132]    Committee Hansard 26.3.02, p.617 (ANCI), see also ANCI Position on the Establishment of a Nursing Directorate headed by a Chief Nurse in the Commonwealth Government, Feb 2002.

[133]    Submission 962, pp.21-22 (ANF).

[134]    ANF, 2002-2003 Federal Government Pre-Budget Submission, February 2002, p.10.

[135]    Submission 887, p.13 (QNC).

[136]    Committee Hansard 21.3.02, p.370 (ACT Department of Health and Community Care).

[137]    Submission 944, Supplementary Information, 24.9.01, p.5 (DHAC).

[138]    Submission 936, p.12 (WHA).

[139]    Committee Hansard 21.3.02, p.397 (CHA).

[140]    See for example, Committee Hansard 26.3.02, p.565 (QNU).

[141]    Committee Hansard 26.3.02, p.660 (Mater Hospital).

[142]    Committee Hansard 28.2.02, p.161 (Mercy Hospital for Women).

[143]    Committee Hansard 27.3.02, p.782 (Nurses Board of South Australia).

[144]    Committee Hansard 22.3.02, p.512 (NSW Nurses Registration Board).

[145]    Committee Hansard 26.3.02, p.617 (ANCI).

[146]    ANCI, Position Statement Cross Border Nursing Practice: Waiver of Fees, May 2000.

[147]    Committee Hansard 28.2.02, p.191 (Department of Human Services, Vic).

[148]    Committee Hansard 21.3.02, p.389 (Nurses Board of the ACT).

[149]    Committee Hansard 15.3.02, pp.269-70 (Nursing Board of Tasmania).

Chapter 3 - Undergraduate education

[1]        Submission 914, p.10 (RMIT University, Department of Nursing & Midwifery).

[2]        Submission 936, p.15 (WHA & CHA); Submission 192, pp.1-3 (ACDON).

[3]        Submission 926, p.9 (ANCI).

[4]        Submission 192, p.2 (ACDON).

[5]        National Review of Nursing Education, Discussion Paper, December 2001, pp.1-2.

[6]        Submission 962, p.3 (ANF). See also Submission No.928, p.4 (DETYA).

[7]        Submission 926, p.11 (ANCI).

[8]        See, for example, Submission 927, p.10 (RCNA); Submission 890, p.4 (AHA); Submission 962, p.25 (ANF).

[9]        Submission 962, p.25 (ANF).

[10]      Education Review, p.16.

[11]      www.aqf.edu.au/aboutaqf.htm

[12]      www.tafensw.edu.au

[13]      Education Review, p.116.

[14]      Avondale College is a non-profit, multidisciplinary private institution administered by the Seventh-day Adventist Church. See Submission 440, p.1 (Avondale College).

[15]      Education Review, pp.116-17.

[16]      Education Review, p.117.

[17]      Education Review, pp.118-19.

[18]      Education Review, p.119.

[19]      Education Review, pp.114-15, 142.

[20]      Education Review, p.114.

[21]      Submission 928, p.19 (DETYA).

[22]      Submission 928, pp.18-20 (DETYA).

[23]      Submission 942, p.6 (Queensland Health); Submission 960, p.11 (Victorian Government); Submission 937, p.1 (ACT Government).

[24]      Submission 960, p.11 (Victorian Government).

[25]      Submission 960, p.11 (Victorian Government).

[26]      Submission 867, Attachment 2, p.3 (NSW Health Department).

[27]      Submission 940, p.4 (SA Department of Human Services).

[28]      Committee Hansard, 27.02.02, pp.89-90 (WA Department of Health).

[29]      Submission 942, p.6 (Queensland Health) and Additional Information, 17.4.02. See also Committee Hansard, 26.3.02, pp.588-89 (Queensland Health).

[30]      Submission 192, p.6 (ACDON).

[31]      Submission 192, pp.5-6 (ACDON).

[32]      Committee Hansard, 28.8.01, p.28 (DETYA).

[33]      Committee Hansard, 28.8.01, p.28 (DETYA).

[34]      Committee Hansard, 27.3.02, p.685 (University of SA).

[35]      See, for example, Submission 936, p.17 (WHA & CHA); Submission 706, p.4 (Royal Perth Hospital Nursing Executive Council).

[36]      Submission 890, p.4 (AHA).

[37]      Submission 936, p.17 (WHA & CHA).

[38]      Submission 192, p.7 (ACDON). See also Committee Hansard, 28.2.02, p.123 (ACDON).

[39]      Submission 192, p.6 (ACDON). See also Submission 736, p.8 (QUT, School of Nursing).

[40]      Committee Hansard, 27.2.02, p.91 (WA Department of Health).

[41]      Committee Hansard, 28.2.02, p.155 (Austin and Repatriation Medical Centre).

[42]      Education Review, p.127.

[43]      Education Review, pp.127-28.

[44]      Committee Hansard, 21.3.02, p.392 (APHA).

[45]      Committee Hansard, 21.3.02, p.395 (AHA).

[46]      Submission 730, p.1 (Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital).

[47]      Committee Hansard, 28.2.02, p.155 (Austin and Repatriation Medical Centre).

[48]      Submission 740, p.6 (Flinders University, School of Nursing & Midwifery).

[49]      J. Gonda et. al, ‘Dedicated Education Units: An Evaluation’, Contemporary Nurse, vol.8, no.4, December 1999, p.176. See also Education Review, p.144.

[50]      Committee Hansard, 27.3.02, p.791 (Royal Adelaide Hospital).

[51]      Committee Hansard, 21.3.02, p.404 (AHA).

[52]      Committee Hansard, 27.3.02, p.792 (Royal Adelaide Hospital).

[53]      Committee Hansard, 27.2.02, p.116 (Royal Perth Hospital).

[54]      Education Review, p.143.

[55]      Submission 923, p.9 (Tasmanian Department of Health & Human Services).

[56]      Submission 784, p.11 (UWS).

[57]      Committee Hansard, 22.3.02, p.468 (UTS).

[58]      Committee Hansard, 21.3.02, p.365 (Focus Group of Specialist Nurses); Committee Hansard, 27.3.02, p.704 (University of SA).

[59]      Committee Hansard, 27.3.02, p.704 (Flinders University).

[60]      Submission 192, p.3 (ACDON).

[61]      Submission 192, p.6 (ACDON).

[62]      Committee Hansard, 22.3.02, pp.482-83 (UWS, School of Nursing, Family & Community Health). See also Committee Hansard, 15.3.02 (Tasmanian School of Nursing); Committee Hansard, 26.3.02, p.609 (QUT, School of Nursing).

[63]      Submission 914, p.11 (RMIT University, Department of Nursing & Midwifery).

[64]      Committee Hansard, 22.3.02, pp.488-89 (UWS, School of Nursing, Family & Community Health).

[65]      Committee Hansard, 28.2.02, p.172 (Latrobe Regional Hospital); Committee Hansard, 21.3.02, p.412 (Catholic Health Australia/UnitingCare Australia).

[66]      Committee Hansard, 27.3.02, p.681 (University of Adelaide).

[67]      Committee Hansard, 2.3.02, p.412 (UnitingCare Australia/Catholic Health Australia).

[68]      Submission 812, p.12 (ACU, Faculty of Health Sciences); Submission 725, p.7 (ACU, School of Nursing (Victoria)). See also Committee Hansard, 28.2.02, p.223 (ANF – Victorian Branch).

[69]      Committee Hansard , 22.3.02, p.488 (University of Technology, Sydney, Faculty of Nursing).

[70]      Committee Hansard, 27.2.02, p.117 (Royal Perth Hospital).

[71]      Submission 962, p.26 (ANF).

[72]      Education Review, p.19.

[73]      Submission 409, p.3 (La Trobe University School of Nursing); Submission 942, p.15 (Queensland Health).

[74]      Submission 409, p.3 (La Trobe University School of Nursing).

[75]      Submission 962, p.25 (ANF). See also Submission 942, p.15 (Queensland Health).

[76]      Submission 479, pp.13-15 (ANZCMHN). See also Submission 914, p.12 (RMIT University, Department of Nursing & Midwifery); Committee Hansard, 28.02.02, p.206 (HACSU).

[77]      Education Review, pp.124-125.

[78]      Education Review, p.125.

[79]      Submission 775, p.1 (Aged & Community Services Tasmania).

[80]      Education Review, p.124.

[81]      Education Review, p.124.

[82]      Submission 942, p.15 (Queensland Health).

[83]      Submission 812, p.9 (ACU, Faculty of Health Sciences); Submission 409, p.3 (La Trobe University School of Nursing); Submission 449, p.10 (Tasmanian School of Nursing).

[84]      Submission 725, p.5 (ACU, School of Nursing); Committee Hansard, 27.3.02, p.676 (University of SA).

[85]      Submission 725, p.5 (ACU, School of Nursing).

[86]      Submission 736, p.9 (QUT, School of Nursing); Submission 755, p.2 (University of SA, School of Nursing & Midwifery).

[87]      Submission 706, p.6 (Royal Perth Hospital).

[88]      Committee Hansard, 27.2.02, pp.115-16 (Royal Perth Hospital). See also Submission 706, Additional Information, 13.5.02, p.1 (Royal Perth Hospital).

[89]      Submission 890, p.9 (AHA); Submission 942, p.14 (Queensland Health); Submission 937, p.5 (ACT Government).

[90]      Submission 942, p.14 (Queensland Health).

[91]      Education Review, p.128.

[92]      Education Review, pp.128-29.

[93]      Committee Hansard, 21.3.02, p.411 (APHA).

[94]      Submission 755, pp.1-2 (University of SA, School of Nursing & Midwifery); Committee Hansard, 27.3.02, p.676 (University of SA).

[95]      Submission 755, Supplementary Information, 10.5.02, p.2 (University of SA, School of Nursing & Midwifery).

[96]      Submission 449, p.10 (Tasmanian School of Nursing).

[97]      Committee Hansard, 28.2.02, pp. 123-24 (ACDON); Committee Hansard, 28.2.02, p.200 (ANF-Vic Branch); Submission 960, p.11 (Victorian Government); Submission 962, p.27 (ANF); Submission 914, p.12 (RMIT University, Department of Nursing & Midwifery).

[98]      Since the relative funding model adjustments were made, the amount of operating grant each institution receives in any given year has been based on the level of funds it receives in the previous year, plus or minus any growth or downward adjustment in its Commonwealth funded load. The growth places provided to universities in recent years have been funded at the system average funding rate for undergraduate places and universities are free to allocate these places to high cost or low cost disciplines. See Submission 928, pp.20-22 (DETYA).

[99]      Submission 914, p.12 (RMIT University, Department of Nursing & Midwifery).

[100]    Submission 914, p.11 (RMIT University, Department of Nursing & Midwifery); Education Review, p.129. See also Committee Hansard, 2.3.02, p.495 (UWS, College of Social & Health Sciences).

[101]    Submission 736, p.8 (QUT, School of Nursing).

[102]    This figure includes the cost of the clinical program of 20 weeks per student over 3 years plus the costs of the on-campus program. See Committee Hansard, 26.3.02, pp.596-97 (QUT, School of Nursing).

[103]    Submission 192, p.6 (ACDON); Submission 812, p.9 (ACU, Faculty of Health Sciences).

[104]    Education Review, pp.18,129.

[105]    Education Review, p.18.

[106]    Submission 812, p.9 (ACU, Faculty of Health Sciences).

[107]    Submission 812, p.10 (ACU, Faculty of Health Sciences).

[108]    Submission 962, p.27 (ANF). See also Committee Hansard, 15.3.2, p.279 (Tasmanian School of Nursing).

[109]    Fees are not normally charged, except in the case of Avondale College and the University of Notre Dame, both of which are private institutions. In 2000, fee-paying undergraduate domestic nursing students comprised only 0.05 per cent of nursing students. See Education Review, pp.131-32.

[110]    Submission 928, p.23 (DETYA).

[111]    Education Review, pp.18,131.

[112]    Education Review, p.131.

[113]    Submission 944, Supplementary Information, 24.9.01, p.1 (DHAC).

[114]    Submission 800, p.5 (NRHA).

[115]    Submission 755, p.3 (University of SA, School of Nursing & Midwifery); Submission 867, p.3 (NSW Health Department).

[116]    Submission 962, p.24 (ANF).

[117]    Submission 800, p.31 (NRHA); Submission No.31, p.1 (CATSIN).

[118]    Submission 800, p.31 (NRHA).

[119]    Based on an average annual starting salary for a nurse of $31 390 and assuming a student defers 100 per cent of their HECS contribution for the course, and no voluntary repayments are made. See Submission 928, Additional Information, 22.2.02, p.4 (DEST).

[120]    Education Review, p.18.

[121]    Education Review, p.58.

[122]    Cited in Senate Employment, Workplace Relations, Small Business and Education References Committee, Universities in Crisis, September 2001, pp.277-28. See also Parliamentary Library, The Higher Education Contribution Scheme, 2001, p.9.

[123]    Submission 812, p.16 (ACU, Faculty of Health Sciences); Submission 725, p.9 (ACU, School of Nursing (Victoria)).

[124]    Submission 749, p.8 (Griffith University, School of Nursing); Submission 936, p.16 (WHA & CHA); Submission 800, p.31 (NRHA); Submission 31, p.1 (CATSIN).

[125]    Submission 962, p.23 (ANF).

[126]    Submission 800 p.32 (NRHA).

[127]    Submission 962, pp.23-24 (ANF). See also Submission 800, pp.6,31-32 (NRHA).

[128]    Submission 800, p.43 (NRHA); Committee Hansard, 21.3.02, p.425 (NRHA).

[129]    Submission 867, p.3 (NSW Health Department).

[130]    Submission 409, p.5 (La Trobe University School of Nursing); Submission 940, p.22 (SA Department of Human Services).

[131]    Submission 409, p.5 (La Trobe University School of Nursing).

[132]    Committee Hansard, 15.3.02, p.291 (Tasmanian School of Nursing); Committee Hansard,15.3.02, pp.323,338 (Tasmanian Department of Health & Human Services).

[133]    Submission 940, p.22 (SA Department of Human Services).

[134]    Education Review, p.18.

[135]    Submission 192, p.7 (ACDON); Submission 367, p.9 (VCPNO).

[136]    National Nursing Workforce Forum 2000, p.8.

[137]    Submission 962, Supplementary Information, 6.6.02, p.1 (ANF).

[138]    Submission 914, p.15 (RMIT University, Department of Nursing & Midwifery).

[139]    Committee Hansard, 28.2.02, pp.187, 190 (Victorian Government).

[140]    Committee Hansard, 27.2.02, p.117 (Royal Perth Hospital).

[141]    Education Review, pp.19,129; Submission 962, Additional Information, 23.5.02, p.1 (ANF).

[142]    Submission 962, p.28 (ANF).

[143]    Committee Hansard , 27.2.02, p.118 (Royal Perth Hospital).

[144]    Committee Hansard, 26.3.02, p.604 (QUT).

[145]    Submission 192, p.7 (ACDON). See also Submission 367, p.9 (VCPNO).

[146]    Queensland Health Preceptor Program for Nursing Transition Support: Training Modules and Framework, March 2001, Submission 942, Additional Information, 26.3.02 (Queensland Health).

[147]    Submission 923, p.7 (Department of Health and Human Services Tasmania).

[148]    Submission 962, Additional Information, 6.6.02, p.1 (ANF).

[149]    Submission 725, p.8 (ACU, School of Nursing (Victoria)); Submission 812, p.13 (ACU, Faculty of Health Sciences).

[150]    Education Review, p.130.

[151]    Submission 962, p.29 (ANF).

[152]    Submission 962, p.29 (ANF).

[153]    Submission 962, p.38 (ANF).

[154]    Submission 728, p.3 (NENA).

[155]    Submission 728, p.5 (NENA).

[156]    Submission 728, Supplementary Information, 10.5.02, pp.1-2 (NENA).

[157]    See Committee Hansard, 27.3.02, p.676 (University of SA).

[158]    Education Review, p.20.

[159]    Submission 890, p.9 (AHA); Submission 936, p.17 (WHA & CHA); Submission 409, p.2 (La Trobe University School of Nursing).

[160]    Committee Hansard, 27.3.02, p.787 (ACHA).

[161]    Submission 900, p.6 (ACHA).

[162]    Submission 409, p.4 (La Trobe University).

[163]    Submission 410, p.1 (CSU, School of Nursing & Health Sciences, Bathurst).

[164]    Committee Hansard, 22.3.02, p.472 (UTS).

[165]    Submission 728, p.2 (NENA).

[166]    Committee Hansard, 22.3.02, p.510 (NSW Health Department).

[167]    Education Review, p.121.

[168]    Education Review, p.121.

[169]    Submission 962, pp.37-38 (ANF). See also Submission 942, p.16 (Queensland Health); Submission 736, p.9 (QUT, School of Nursing).

[170]    Submission 772, pp.2-4 (TAFE NSW); Committee Hansard, 22.3.02, pp.471-72, 487, 492 (TAFE NSW).

[171]    Committee Hansard, 22.3.02, p.470 (TAFE NSW).

[172]    Submission 962, p.38 (ANF). See also Submission 942, p.16 (Queensland Health).

[173]    Submission 900, p.5 (ACHA).

[174]    Submission 886, p.4 (ACMI). See also Submission 891, p.4 (NSW Midwives Association); Submission 912, p.9 (AMAP).

[175]    Submission 962, p.32 (ANF); Submission 936, p.18 (WHA & CHA).

[176]    Committee Hansard, 28.02.02, p.160 (Mercy Hospital for Women).

[177]    Education Review, p.16.

[178]    Education Review, p.16.

[179]    Committee Hansard, 15.3.02, p.343 (Tasmanian Department of Health & Human Services).

[180]    Committee Hansard, 26.3.02, p.621 (Queensland Nursing Council); Committee Hansard 15.03.02, p.265 (Nursing Board of Tasmania).

[181]    Committee Hansard, 22.3.02, p.497 (University of Technology, Faculty of Nursing). See also Committee Hansard, 22.3.02, p.550 (RCNA/NSW College of Nursing).

[182]    Committee Hansard, 26.3.02, p.620 (ANCI). See also Supplementary Information, 15.5.02, p.1 (ANCI).

[183]    Committee Hansard, 22.3.02, p.550 (NSW College of Nursing).

[184]    Committee Hansard, 26.3.02, p.620 (ANCI).

[185]    Submission 765, p.7 (NBV).

Chapter 4 - Improving other aspects of education and training

[1]        Submission 749, p.3 (Griffith University School of Nursing).

[2]        Submission 728, p.3 (NENA); Committee Hansard, 28.2.02, pp.201-202 (NENA); Submission 926, p.12 (ANCI); Submission 942, p.16 (Queensland Health).

[3]        Submission 736, p.9 (QUT, School of Nursing).

[4]        Australian Nursing Council, An Examination of the Role and Function of the Enrolled Nurse and Revision of Competency Standards, March 2002, p.50.

[5]        Submission 728, p.3 (NENA). See also Submission 962, pp.36-37 (ANF); Submission 477, p.6 (NNOs).

[6]        EN study, pp.49, 114.

[7]        EN study, p.48.

[8]        Cited in National Review of Nursing Education, Discussion Paper, December 2001, p.142.

[9]        Submission 706, p.7 (Royal Perth Hospital Nursing Executive Council).

[10]      Submission 728, p.3 (NENA).

[11]      EN study, p.49.

[12]      Submission 728, p.3 (NENA); Submission 962, pp.36-37 (ANF).

[13]      EN study, p.48.

[14]      EN study, pp.50, 52.

[15]      Submission 728, p.3 (NENA).

[16]      Relevant State and Territory legislation includes poisons and drugs legislation; controlled substances legislation, Nurses Acts and regulations, and Health Acts and regulations. See Department of Health and Aged Care, A Review of the Current Role of Enrolled Nurses in the Aged Care Sector: Future Directions, August 2001, pp.8, 17.

[17]      Some States permit the administration of medications via all routes, others exclude intravenous administration. See Submission 728, Additional Information, 10.5.02 (NENA). Drugs and poisons are classified by the National Drugs and Poisons Schedule Committee into Schedules for inclusion in the relevant State/Territory poisons legislation. Poisons are listed in eight Schedules according to the degree of control recommended to be exercised over their availability to the public.

[18]      Submission 728, pp.2-3 (NENA); Supplementary Information, 10.5.02, p.1 (NENA).

[19]      EN study, pp.38,51.

[20]      Submission 962, p.38 (ANF). See also Submission 477, p.7 (NNOs).

[21]      EN study, p.51.

[22]      Submission 912, p.9 (AMAP).

[23]      Committee Hansard, 22.3.02, p.434 (NSW Midwives Association).

[24]      Cited in the Education Review, p.125.

[25]      Cited in the Education Review, p.126.

[26]      Cited in the Education Review, p.126. See also Submission 912, Additional Information, 14.6.02, pp.4-5 (AMAP).

[27]      P. Brodie and L. Barclay, ‘Contemporary Issues in Australian Midwifery Regulation’, Australian Health Review, vol.24, no.4, 2001, pp.106, 108.

[28]      Brodie study, p.106.

[29]      Brodie study, p.109.

[30]      Submission 891, p.4 (NSW Midwives Association).

[31]      Submission 912, p.2 (AMAP).

[32]      Submission 886, p.4 (ACMI). See also Submission 891, p.4 (NSW Midwives Association); Submission 912, p.9 (AMAP).

[33]      Committee Hansard, 22.3.02, p.435 (NSW Midwives Association).

[34]      Committee Hansard, 22.3.02, p.435 (NSW Midwives Association).

[35]      Submission 912, Supplementary Information, 14.6.02, p.1 (AMAP).

[36]      Submission 912, Supplementary Information, 14.6.02, p.9 (AMAP).

[37]      Submission 912, p.9 (AMAP).

[38]      Submission 962, p.32 (ANF).

[39]      Submission 962, p.41 (ANF); see also Submission 477, p.12 (NNOs).

[40]      Submission 962, p.41 (ANF); Submission 899, p.8 (NSW Nurses’ Association); Submission 379, pp.3,9 (ANF (Victorian Branch)); Submission 800, p.36 (NRHA).

[41]      Submission 962, p.42 (ANF).

[42]      Submission 477, p.12 (NNOs).

[43]      Submission 728, pp.5-6 (NENA).

[44]      Submission 969, p.3 (Lt Mark Mudge).

[45]      Submission No.192, p.8 (ACDON). See also Submission 962, p.30 (ANF).

[46]      Committee Hansard, 28.2.02, p.139 (ACDON). See also Committee Hansard, 28.2.02, p.221 (NNOs).

[47]      For further information see: www.hecs.gov.au/pels.htm

[48]      Submission 960, p.12 (Victorian Government); Submission 940, p.7 (SA Department of Human Services); Submission 937, p.6 (ACT Government).

[49]      Committee Hansard, 28.2.02, p.197 (Victorian Government); Submission 960, p.12 (Victorian Government).

[50]      Committee Hansard, 28.2.02, p.197 (Victorian Department of Human Services).

[51]      Committee Hansard, 22.3.02, p.501 (NSW Health Department).

[52]      Committee Hansard, 27.3.02, pp.763-65 (SA Department of Human Services); Submission 940, p.7 (SA Department of Human Services).

[53]      Submission 962, p.30 (ANF); Submission 736, p.9 (QUT, School of Nursing); Submission 914, p.16 (RMIT University, Department of Nursing & Midwifery).

[54]      Committee Hansard, 28.2.02, p.139 (ACDON).

[55]      Submission 457, p.28 (QNU).

[56]      Submission 962, p.30 (ANF).

[57]      Committee Hansard, 15.3.02, p.295 (Tasmanian School of Nursing).

[58]      Submission 457, p.28 (QNU); Submission 960, p.12 (Victorian Government).

[59]      Submission 962, p.31 (ANF); Submission 926, p.11 (ANCI).

[60]      Submission 962, p.31 (ANF).

[61]      Submission 835, p.10 (APHA).

[62]      Submission 962, p.31 (ANF).

[63]      Submission 962, Supplementary Information, 24.4.02, p.1 (ANF).

[64]      See, for example, Committee Hansard, 15.3.02, p.295 (Tasmanian School of Nursing).

[65]      Submission 962, p.31 (ANF). See also Committee Hansard, 22.3.02, p.508 (NSW Health Department).

[66]      Submission 914, p.16 (RMIT University, Department of Nursing & Midwifery).

[67]      Submission 891, p.4 (NSW Midwives Association); Submission 912, p.9 (AMAP). See also Submission 962, pp.31-32 (ANF); Committee Hansard, 28.2.02, p.221 (NNOs); Committee Hansard, 26.3.02, p.559 (QNU).

[68]      Submission 962, p.32 (ANF).

[69]      Cited in the Education Review, p.126.

[70]      Education Review, p.19.

[71]      Submission 962, p.36 (ANF); Submission 409, p.6 (La Trobe University School of Nursing); Submission 960, p.16 (Victorian Government).

[72]      Royal College of Nursing, The Feasibility of a National Approach for the Credentialling of Advanced Practice Nurses and the Accreditation of Related Educational Programs, July 2001, pp.18, 73.

[73]      Education Review, p.69.

[74]      Committee Hansard, 22.3.02, p.519 (NSW Health Department).

[75]      Submission 960, p.16 (Victorian Government).

[76]      See Committee Hansard, 27.3.02, p.781 (SA Department of Human Services). See also Submission 86, p.4 (Nurses Board of SA).

[77]      Committee Hansard, 27.2.02, p.99 (WA Department of Health).

[78]      Submission 923, p.7 (Tasmanian Department of Health & Human Services).

[79]      Committee Hansard, 26.3.02, p.586 (Queensland Health); Education Review, p.69.

[80]      Submission 927, p.12 (RCNA); Submission 962, p.36 (ANF); Submission 926, p.8 (ANCI); Submission 800, p.48 (NRHA).

[81]      Submission 960, p.16 (Victorian Government).

[82]      Submission 927, p.12 (RCNA).

[83]      Submission 800, p.48 (NRHA).

[84]      Education Review, p.22.

[85]      Committee Hansard, 22.3.02, p.520 (NSW Nurses Registration Board).

[86]      Submission 927, p.12 (RCNA). See also Submission 477, p.4 (NNOs); Submission 800, p.49 (NRHA).

[87]      Submission 960, p.16 (Victorian Government).

[88]      Submission 960, Supplementary Information, 13.5.02, p.1 (Victorian Department of Human Services).

[89]      Submission 960, p.16 (Victorian Government).

[90]      Submission 800, p.49 (NRHA).

[91]      Submission 962, p.36 (ANF).

[92]      Submission 927, p.11 (RCNA). See also Submission 409, p.4 (La Trobe University School of Nursing).

[93]      RCNA study, pp.73-74.

[94]      Submission 927, p.11 (RCNA); Committee Hansard, 22.3.02, pp.536-37 (RCNA).

[95]      RCNA study, p.23.

[96]      Submission 927, p.12 (RCNA).

[97]      RCNA study, p.11.

[98]      See discussion in RCNA study, p.23.

[99]      Committee Hansard, 27.3.02, p.726 (ANF).

[100]    Submission 765, pp.4-5 (NBV); Education Review, p.7. See also Submission 899, p.6 (NSW Nurses’ Association).

[101]    Submission 962, p.39 (ANF).

[102]    Submission 457, pp.9-10 (QNU). See also Submission 899, p.7 (NSW Nurses’ Association).

[103]    Committee Hansard, 27.3.02, p.726 (ANF/ANF (SA Branch)).

[104]    Committee Hansard, 27.3.02, p.726 (ANF).

[105]    Committee Hansard, 2.3.02, p.528 (NSW Nurses’ Association).

[106]    Submission 962, p.40 (ANF).

[107]    Submission 765, p.5 (NBV).

[108]    Submission 926, p.7 (ANCI).

[109]    Submission 926, p.7 (ANCI).

[110]    Submission 765, p.5 (NBV). See also Committee Hansard, 28.2.02, p.203 (NNOs).

[111]    Committee Hansard, 22.3.02, p.528 (NSW Nurses’ Association). See also Committee Hansard, 26.3.02, p.587 (Queensland Health).

[112]    Submission 962, Additional Information, 23.5.02, p.1 (ANF).

[113]    Submission 942, Additional Information, 17.4.02, p.1; 14.5.02, p.1 (Queensland Health).

[114]    Committee Hansard, 15.3.02, p.267 (Nursing Board of Tasmania). See also Submission 838, Additional Information, 31.5.02, p.2 (Nursing Board of Tasmania); Submission 838, p.1 (Nursing Board of Tasmania).

[115]    Committee Hansard, 26.3.02, p.624 (ANCI).

[116]    Committee Hansard, 26.3.02, p.623 (QNC).

[117]    Submission 962, p.40 (ANF); Committee Hansard, 22.3.02, p.540 (RCNA); Committee Hansard, 28.2.02, p.203 (NNOs).

[118]    Submission 962, p.40 (ANF).

[119]    Submission 962, p.40 (ANF); Committee Hansard, 28.2.02, p.203 (NNOs).

[120]    Submission 780, p.8 (WCH). See also Submission 954, pp.1-21 (Ms Anthoney).

[121]    Submission 926, p.15 (ANCI); Submission 409, p.3 (La Trobe University School of Nursing).

[122]    Committee Hansard, 27.3.02, p.736 (ANF).

[123]    Committee Hansard, 26.3.02, p.633 (ANCI). See also Committee Hansard, 26.3.02, pp.633-34 (QNC).

[124]    Committee Hansard, 27.2.02, p.736 (ANF).

[125]    Committee Hansard, 27.3.02, p.736 (ANF).

[126]    Committee Hansard, 2.3.02, p.517 (NSW Nurses Registration Board).

[127]    Committee Hansard, 27.3.02, p.736 (ANF).

[128]    Committee Hansard, 22.3.02, pp.517-18 (NSW Health Department).

[129]    See Committee Hansard, 26.3.02, p.633; 27.3.02, p.735.

[130]    Submission 192, p.9 (ACDON); Committee Hansard, 27.3.02, p.679 (Flinders University).

[131]    Committee Hansard, 2.3.02, p.501 (NSW Health Department).

[132]    Education Review, p.134. See also Committee Hansard, 22.3.02, p.501 (NSW Health Department).

[133]    Committee Hansard, 27.2.02, p.109 (Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital); Submission 192, p.9 (ACDON).

[134]    Committee Hansard, 27.2.02, p.109 (Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital).

[135]    Submission 192, p.9 (ACDON). See also Submission 804, p.2 (University of Southern Queensland).

[136]    Submission 449, pp.12-13 (Tasmanian School of Nursing).

[137]    Education Review, p.135.

[138]    Submission 449, Supplementary Information, 22.3.02, p.1 (Tasmanian School of Nursing).

[139]    Submission 192, p.9 (ACDON); Submission 804, p.2 (University of Southern Queensland).

Chapter 5 - Interface between the education sector and the health system

[1]        S. Duckett, ‘The Australian health workforce: facts and futures’, Australian Health Review, vol.23, no.4, 2000, pp.65, 67.

[2]        Duckett paper, p.67.

[3]        Submission 944, p.1 (DHAC).

[4]        Committee Hansard, 28.2.02, p.190 (Victorian Department of Human Services).

[5]        National Review of Nursing Education, Discussion Paper, December 2001, p.1.

[6]        Submission 926, p.13 (ANCI); Submission 411, p.3 (Royal Adelaide Hospital).

[7]        Submission 962, p.42 (ANF); Submission 936, p.19 (WHA & CHA); Submission 890, p.4 (AHA).

[8]        Submission 740, p.14 (Flinders University, School of Nursing & Midwifery).

[9]        Submission 914, p.17 (RMIT University, Department of Nursing & Midwifery).

[10]      National Review of Nurse Education in the Higher Education Sector, Nursing Education in Australian Universities, AGPS, Canberra, 1994 (Chair: Professor J. Reid), p.340.

[11]      Reid report, p.340.

[12]      Submission 411, p.2 (Royal Adelaide Hospital); Submission 962, p.42 (ANF).

[13]      Submission 411, p.2 (Royal Adelaide Hospital).

[14]      Submission 926, p.13 (ANCI); Submission 962, p.42 (ANF); Submission 936, pp.19-20 (WHA & CHA).

[15]      Submission 480, p.5 (NSW College of Nursing); Submission 449, p.13 (Tasmanian School of Nursing); Submission 740, p.15 (Flinders University); Submission 900, p.9 (ACHA); Submission 962, p.43 (ANF).

[16]      Submission 192, p.8 (ACDON).

[17]      Submission 740, p.6 (Flinders University, School of Nursing & Midwifery).

[18]      Education Review, p.143. See also Committee Hansard, 21.3.02, p.404 (AHA).

[19]      Submission 784, p.11 (UWS).

[20]      Submission 824, p.1 (University of Technology, Sydney).

[21]      Submission 871, Supplementary Information 21.3.02 (UnitingCare).

[22]      Submission 449, p.13 (Tasmanian School of Nursing).

[23]      Submission 192, p.8 (ACDON).

[24]      Submission 900, p.3 (ACHA); Committee Hansard, 27.3.02, pp.788-89 (ACHA).

[25]      Submission 449, p.13 (Tasmanian School of Nursing).

[26]      Submission 728, p.4 (NENA); Committee Hansard, 28.2.02, p.203 (NENA).

[27]      Submission 728, p.4 (NENA).

[28]      Committee Hansard, 21.3.02, p.403 (UnitingCare Australia).

[29]      Submission 458, p.5 (Monash University, School of Nursing).

[30]      Submission 812, p.11 (ACU, Faculty of Health Sciences); Submission 725, p.7 (ACU, School of Nursing (Victoria)).

[31]      Submission 812, p.11 (ACU, Faculty of Health Sciences).

[32]      Submission 942, p.17 (Queensland Health).

[33]      Submission 449, p.13 (Tasmanian School of Nursing).

[34]      Submission 936, pp.19-20 (WHA & CHA); Submission 942, p.17 (Queensland Health).

[35]      Submission 942, p.16 (Queensland Health).

[36]      Submission 942, p.17 (Queensland Health).

[37]      Submission 936, p.19 (WHA & CHA).

[38]      Education Review, p.127.

[39]      Submission 962, p.42 (ANF).

[40]      Submission 890, p.9 (AHA).

[41]      Submission 962, p.42 (ANF); Submission 477, p.7 (NNOs); Submission 936, p.19 (WHA & CHA); Submission 926, p.13 (ANCI).

[42]      Submission 960, p.12 (Victorian Government).

[43]      Submission 449, p.13 (Tasmanian School of Nursing). See also Committee Hansard, 15.3.02, p.337 (Tasmanian Department of Health & Human Services).

[44]      Submission 449, p.13 (Tasmanian School of Nursing).

[45]      Submission 962, p.42 (ANF).

[46]      Submission 740, p.15 (Flinders University, School of Nursing & Midwifery).

[47]      Committee Hansard, 27.3.02, p.679 (Flinders University); Submission 936, p.19 (WHA & CHA); Submission 801, p.7 (Mercy Hospital for Women); Submission 740, p.14 (Flinders University, School of Nursing & Midwifery); Submission 960, p.13 (Victorian Government).

[48]      Submission 740, p.14 (Flinders University, School of Nursing & Midwifery).

[49]      Committee Hansard, 27.3.02, p.679 (Flinders University).

[50]      Submission 740, p.14 (Flinders University, School of Nursing & Midwifery); Committee Hansard, 27.3.02, p.679 (Flinders University). See also Committee Hansard, 21.3.02, p.404 (Catholic Health Australia).

[51]      Submission 962, p.42 (ANF). See also Submission 837, p.2 (Directors of Nursing Association Qld).

Chapter 6 - Recruitment, retention and return to nursing

[1]        Submission 470, p.3 (Flinders University Partnership).

[2]        Submission 897, p.4 (CHA).

[3]        Submission 824, p.3 (UTS).

[4]        Submission 835, p.2 (APHA).

[5]        For example Submission 470, p.17 (Flinders University Partnership); Submission 824, p.2 and attached article When Care becomes a Burden, CM Fagin, February 2001, pp.10-11, Milbank (UTS); Submission 871, p.7 (UnitingCare) and Submission 927, p.13 (RCN).

[6]        Submission 824, p.2 (UTS).

[7]        Committee Hansard 22.3.02, p.536 and Submission 927, Attachment A (RCN).

[8]        Submission 942, Supplementary information 17.4.02, Queensland Health Discussion Paper – Towards a sustainable supply for Queensland Health’s nursing workforce: Recruitment and planning issues for 2000-2010, September 2000, p.14.

[9]        Towards a sustainable supply for Queensland Health’s nursing workforce: Recruitment and planning issues for 2000-2010, p.15.

[10]      Rethinking Nursing, National Nursing Workforce Forum 2000, p.7.

[11]      Committee Hansard 22.3.02, p.442 (ANN) and p.548 (RCNA).

[12]      Committee Hansard 27.2.02, pp.85, 102 (WA Department of Health).

[13]      Committee Hansard 26.3.02, p.556 and Submission 457, Supplementary Information (QNU).

[14]      Submission 899, p.2 (NSWNA).

[15]      Submission 937, Supplementary information dated 22.4.02 (ACT Department of Health and Community Care).

[16]      www.discovernursing.com

[17]      These reasons are reported in most reviews; see also Submission 744 – a benchmarking study into the factors that determine nursing attraction and retention in Australian healthcare organisations by Best Practice Australia.

[18]      Towards a sustainable supply for Queensland Health’s nursing workforce: Recruitment and planning issues for 2000-2010, p.16.

[19]      Submission 730, p.4 (Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital).

[20]      Submission 960, p.14 (Victorian Government).

[21]      Submission 784, p.15 (UWS).

[22]      Towards a sustainable supply for Queensland Health’s nursing workforce: Recruitment and planning issues for 2000-2010, p.13.

[23]      Stop telling us to cope! A report prepared for the NSW Nurses’ Association by the Australian Centre for Industrial Relations Research and Training, May 2002, pp.39-42; see also Committee Hansard 22.3.02, p.522 (NSWNA).

[24]      Submission 783, p,5 (ACT Focus Group).

[25]      Committee Hansard 27.2.02, p.50; 15.3.02, p.315; 26.3.02, p.664.

[26]      Submission 780, p.11 (WCHV).

[27]      National Nursing Workforce Forum, p. 9; see also Submission 783, p.5 (ACT Focus Group).

[28]      Submission 867, Attachment 4 New South Wales Nursing Workforce Research Project, dated September 2000.

[29]      Submission 480, p.6 (NSWCN).

[30]      Submission 962, p.50 (ANF).

[31]      Committee Hansard 22.3.02, p.500 (NSW Health).

[32]      Submission 867, Attachment 3 pp.7-9 (NSW Health); Submission 914, Additional Information 5.4.02 (RMIT); Submission 942, Additional Information 17.4.02 (Queensland Health); Committee Hansard 28.2.02, p.179 (DHS Vic); Committee Hansard 27.3.02, p.763 (DHS SA).

[33]      Submission 835, p.7 (APHA).

[34]      Submissions 725, p.5 and 812, p.8 (ACU).

[35]      Submission 962, p.58 (ANF).

[36]      Examples of studies and articles on the extent and impact of violence towards nurses include: Violence: It’s not part of the job, Australian Nursing Journal, v.9 No.9 April 2002, pp.24-6; Horizontal violence: a conundrum for nursing, The Collegian, v.2 No.2 April 1995, pp.5-17; Taskforce on the Prevention and Management of Violence in the Health Workforce, UNSW Working Papers Series, Discussion Paper No.1 – Occupational Violence: Types, Reporting Patterns, and Variations between Health Sectors, August 2001, Discussion Paper No.2 – Prevention of Occupational Violence in the Health Workforce, October 2001, Discussion Paper No.3 – ‘Internal’ Violence (or Bullying) and the Health Workforce, December 2001.

[37]      Submission 960, p.20 (Victorian Government); Submission 962, p.64 (ANF).

[38]      Submission 899, p.14 (NSWNA).

[39]      Information in this section has been drawn primarily from National Surveillance of Healthcare Associated Infection in Australia, A report to the Commonwealth Department of Health and Aged Care prepared by An Expert Working Group of the Australian Infection Control Association, April 2001, pp.61-65 www.health.gov.au/pubhlth/strateg/jetacar/pdf/scope.pdf  and Submission 966 (Becton, Dickinson and Co). Examples of individual hospitals included: Royal Brisbane – 131 in 2001, Submission 457, Supplementary information 19.4.02 (QNU);

Royal Perth – 620 from 1997 to 2000, Submission 706, Supplementary information 18.4.02;

Sir Charles Gairdner, WA – 205 from 1999 to 2001, Submission 730, Supplementary information 12.3.02.

[40]      Committee Hansard 27.2.02, pp.112-4 (Royal Perth) and 28.2.02, p.170 (Austin); Submission 966, pp.7-8 (BD).

[41]      Submission 968, p.6 (AICA).

[42]      Submission 966, p.3 (BD).

[43]      Submission 962, p.67 (ANF).

[44]      Submission 962, pp.65-6 (ANF).

[45]      Submission 962, pp.67-8 (ANF).

Chapter 7 - Aged care nursing

[1]        Submission 899, p.8 (NSW Nurses’ Association).

[2]        Pearson, A, Nay, R, Koch, S, Ward, Andrews, C, & Tucker A, Literature Review: Australian Aged Care Nursing: A Critical Review of Education, Training, Recruitment and Retention in Residential and Community Settings, Commissioned Research Project, National Review of Nursing, 2001, p.1.

[3]        AIHW, Residential Aged Care in Australia 1999-00: A Statistical Overview, pp 3,5,8 at www.aihw.gov.au/publications/age/racsa99-00/index.html; see also Submission 893, p.5 (ANHECA NSW).

[4]        Committee Hansard 22.3.02, p.432 (ANHECA NSW).

[5]        Residential Aged Care in Australia 1999-00, p.5.

[6]        Submission 893, p.6, (ANHECA NSW); Committee Hansard 27.3.02, p.715 (ANF); see also Submission 897, p.4 (CHA); Submission 913, p.2 (Aged & Community Services Australia).

[7]        Committee Hansard, 27.2.02, p.712 (ANF (SA Branch)).

[8]        AIHW, Nursing Labour Force 1999, pp.14-15, Table 38, p.67.

[9]        Submission 913, p.1 (Aged & Community Services Australia).

[10]      Submission 960, p.9 (Victorian Government).

[11]      Committee Hansard 15.3.02, p.243 (HACSU).

[12]      Committee Hansard 28.2.02, p.213 (ANF Vic Branch).

[13]      Committee Hansard 28.2.02, p.149 (Australian Catholic University).

[14]      Submission 919, p.2 (ANF (NT Branch)).

[15]      Submission 457, p.9 (QNU); Submission 899, p.6 (NSW Nurses’ Association).

[16]      Submission 899, p.6 (NSW Nurses’ Association).

[17]      Committee Hansard, 27.3.02, p.733 (ANF (SA Branch)).

[18]      Submission 457, p.12 (QNU); see also Committee Hansard 22.3.02, p.432, (ANHECA NSW).

[19]      Submission 195, p.1 (Our Lady of Consolation Aged Care Services Ltd).

[20]      ANF, 2002-2003 Federal Government Pre-Budget Submission, February 2002, p.8.

[21]      Submission 899, p.6 (NSW Nurses’ Association); Submission 942, p.9 (Queensland Health); Submission 452, p.1 (Lutheran Community Care); Submission 775, p.2 (Aged & Community Services, Tas); Committee Hansard 27.2.02, p.85 (WA Department of Health).

[22]      See for example, Submission 899, p.8 (NSW Nurses’ Association); Submission 927, p.10 (RCN).

[23]      Committee Hansard, 27.3.02, p.715 (ANF).

[24]      Submission 942, p.9 (Queensland Health).

[25]      Submission 899, p.5 (NSW Nurses’ Association).

[26]      Committee Hansard 15.3.02, p.243 (HACSU).

[27]      Committee Hansard 27.3.02, p.719 (ANF); see also Committee Hansard 27.2.02, p.63 (Peak Nursing Council WA).

[28]      Committee Hansard 27.3.02, p.720 (ANF).

[29]      Committee Hansard 15.3.02, p.298 (Aged and Community Services Tasmania).

[30]      Submission 962, p.53 (ANF).

[31]      Submission 775, p.2 (Aged and Community Services Tasmania).

[32]      Committee Hansard 27.2.02, p.110 (Aegis Health Care Group).

[33]      Submission 941, p.1 (Nurses in Aged Care, North East Victoria).

[34]      Committee Hansard 28.2.02, p.212 (Victorian Council of Peak Nursing Organisations).

[35]      Committee Hansard 28.2.02, p.213 (ANF (Vic Branch)).

[36]      Submission 765, p.4 (Nurses Board of Victoria).

[37]      ANF, 2002-2003 Federal Government Pre-Budget Submission, February 2002, p.8.

[38]      Submission 962, p.54 (ANF).

[39]      Submission 899, p.5 (NSW Nurses’ Association).

[40]      Submission 871, p.4 (UnitingCare).

[41]      Committee Hansard 28.2.02, p.227 (NENA).

[42]      Submission 887, p.21 (QNC).

[43]      See for example, Submission 838, p.3 (Nursing Board of Tasmania); Submission 942, p.10 (Queensland Health).

[44]      Submission 775, p.1 (Aged and Community Services Tasmania).

[45]      Committee Hansard 22.3.02, p.442 (ANHECA NSW).

[46]      Submission 960, p.17 (Victorian Government); see also Submission 775 p.2 (Aged and Community Services Tasmania).

[47]      Submission 942, p.10 (Queensland Health).

[48]      Submission 826, p.1 (Frontier Services).

[49]      Submission 962, p.54 (ANF).

[50]      Working Group on Aged Care Worker Qualifications of the National Aged Care Forum, A Review of the Current Role of Enrolled Nurses in the Aged Care Sector: Future Directions, 2001, p.40.

[51]      Submission 893, p.7 (ANHECA NSW).

[52]      Submission 380, p.3 (Catholic Care for the Aged).

[53]      DHA, Recruitment and Retention of Nurses in Residential Aged Care, Final Report, 2002.

[54]      DHA, Budget 2002-2003, Fact Sheet 5 Aged care taskforce; Portfolio Budget Statements 2002-03, pp.105, 108.

[55]      DHA, Portfolio Budget Statements 2002-03, p.109.

[56]      Submission 944, p.3 (DHAC).

Chapter 8 - Needs in specialist nursing

[1]        Submission 777, p.3 (ACT Mental Health Service).

[2]        Committee Hansard 27.2.02, p.67 (ANZCMHN (WA Branch)).

[3]        A comprehensive review of workforce shortages in each State and Territory is provided in the Scoping study of the Australian mental health nursing workforce 1999, Final report, Canberra, 2001, pp.19-27.

[4]        See for example, Submission 960, p.17 (Victorian Government); Committee Hansard 27.2.02, p.70 (ANZCMHN WA Branch).

[5]        AIHW, Nursing Labour Force 1999, Table 61, p.94.

[6]        Submission 741, p.2 (ANZCMHN (Vic Branch)).

[7]        Submission 967, p.3 (HACSU (Vic No 2 Branch)).

[8]        Submission 741, p.3 (ANZCMHN); see also Committee Hansard 28.2.02, p.164 (Austin & Repatriation Medical Centre).

[9]        Submission 766, p.2 (CPNRP); see also Scoping Study, p.3.

[10]      Submission 962, p.34 (ANF).

[11]      Submission 766, p.3 (CPNRP).

[12]      Submission 944, p.4 (DHAC).

[13]      ANZCMHN, Scoping study of the Australian mental health nursing workforce 1999, Final report, National Mental Health Strategy, Canberra, 2001, p.3.

[14]      Committee Hansard 27.2.02, pp.42, 68 (ANZCMHN).

[15]      Committee Hansard 27.2.02, p.37 (ANZCMHN).

[16]      Deakin Human Services Australia, Learning Together: Education and Training Partnerships in Mental Health Service, Final Report, February 1999. Prepared by Deakin Human Services Australia with funding from the Commonwealth Department of Health and Aged Care under the National Mental Health Strategy.

[17]      Submission 944, p.4 (DHAC).

[18]      ANZCMHN, Scoping study of the Australian mental health nursing workforce 1999, Final report, National Mental Health Strategy, Canberra, 2001, pp.3-4.

[19]      Betts, V & G Thornicroft, International Mid-Term Review of the Second National Mental Health Plan for Australia, National Mental Health Strategy, November 2001, p.11.

[20]      Betts & Thornicoft, pp. 5-6.

[21]      Committee Hansard 21.3.02, p.423 (NRHA).

[22]      Submission 455, p.3 (RFDS).

[23]      NRHA, Action on Nursing in Rural and Remote Areas: Draft Issues Paper, p.6.

[24]      Best, J, Rural Health Stocktake Advisory Paper to the Commonwealth Department of Health and Aged Care, March 2000, p.93.

[25]      Such as the Australian Health Care Agreements, Medicare Benefits Scheme, Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme, Aged and Community Care, Private Health Insurance Incentives, Public Health Outcome Funding Agreements and other Specific Purpose Payments.

[26]      DHA, Budget 2001-02, Health Fact Sheet 3.

[27]      Senate Community Affairs Legislation Committee, Committee Hansard 5.6.02, p.202 (DHA).

[28]      Minister for Health and Ageing, Media Release, 13.12.01.

[29]      Senate Community Affairs Legislation Committee, Committee Hansard 5.6.02, p.201 (DHA).

[30]      Submission 944, p.6 (DHAC).

[31]      Submission 800, p.5 (NRHA).

[32]      Submission 921, p.2 (NSW Farmers’ Association).

[33]      Submission 800, pp.5-6 (NRHA); Submission 962, p.52 (ANF).

[34]      Submission 800, pp.11-12 (NRHA).

[35]      Submission 445, p.2 (Leeton Shire Council).

[36]      Submission 445, p.3 (Leeton Shire Council); Submission 921, p.8 (NSW Farmers’ Association).

[37]      Submission 826, p.2 (Frontier Services); see also Submission 445, p.2 (Leeton Shire Council).

[38]      State Government Victoria, Nurse Recruitment and Retention Committee, Government Response, June 2001, p.xv.

[39]      Submission 962, p.51 (ANF).

[40]      Submission 921, p.7 (NSW Farmers’ Association).

[41]      Submission 355, p.1 (Network 9 Health Council).

[42]      Submission 480, Supplementary Information, 22.4.02, p.2 (NSW College of Nursing).

[43]      Submission 480, Supplementary Information (NSW College of Nursing).

[44]      Submission 942, Supplementary Information (Queensland Health).

[45]      Submission 800, pp. 34-35 (NRHA).

[46]      Submission 800, p.55 (NRHA); see also Submission 867, Attachment 1, p.8 (NSW Health).

[47]      NRHA, Draft Issues Paper, p.15.

[48]      For example Queensland Health provides a Remote Area Incentive Package for RNs and Accommodation Assistance as part of Rural and Remote Incentive, IRM 2.7-17 and IRM 2.2-12, Submission 942, Supplementary Information 26.3.02 Attachments.

[49]      Submission 704, p.1 (QNF (Mt Isa Branch)).

[50]      See for example, Submission 197, p.2 (Institute of Nursing Executives NSW & ACT); Submission 355, p.1 (Network 9 Health Council); Submission 445, p.3 (Leeton Shire Council); Submission 455, p.4 (RFDS); Submission 708, p.3 (Greater Murray Area Health Service); Submission 737, p.8 (Eyre Region Health Service); Submission 921, (NSW Farmers’ Association).

[51]      Pinch, C & Della, P, The West Australian study of nursing and midwifery: New Vision, New Direction, Perth, Department of Health, 2001, p.54.

[52]      Indigenous health in core nursing curricula and the development of recruitment and retention strategies for Indigenous Australians in Nursing Education, Consultation Draft, Nov 2001, p.15.

[53]      Submission 940, p.12 (Department of Human Services, SA).

[54]      Consultation Draft, Nov 2001, p.27.

[55]      Submission 800, p.33 (NRHA); Consultation Draft, p.14.

[56]      Submission 958, p.5 (AMSANT).

[57]      Committee Hansard 26.3.02, p.644 (CATSIN).

[58]      CATSIN, Recommendations to Develop Strategies for the Recruitment and Retention of Indigenous Peoples in Nursing, August 1998.

[59]      Indigenous health in core nursing curricula and the development of recruitment and retention strategies for Indigenous Australians in Nursing Education, Consultation Draft, Nov 2001.

[60]      Submission 31, Supplementary Information 26.3.02 (CATSIN).

[61]      Standing Committee on Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Workforce National Strategic Framework, AHMAC, May 2002; see also Senate Community Affairs Legislation Committee, Committee Hansard 5.6.02, p.CA221.

[62]      Submission 891, p.4 (NSW Midwives Association).

[63]      Submission 962, p.31 (ANF).

[64]      Submission 886, p.4 (ACM).

[65]      Submission 912, p.6 (AMAP).

[66]      Submission 891, pp.3-4 (NSW Midwives Association).

[67]      Submission 912, pp.7-8 (AMAP); Submission 718, p.2 (Midwives, St George Hospital).

[68]      Submission 718, pp.3-4 (Midwives, St George Hospital).

[69]      Submission 886, p.4 (Australian College of Midwives).

[70]      Chief Nursing Officer’s Office (WA), Interim Report of Reference Committee to Recommendations from NHMRC 1998 Report ‘Review of Services Offered by Midwives’: Enhanced Role Midwife Project, Nov 2001, p.3.

[71]      Committee Hansard 27.2.02, p.90 (Department of Health, WA).

[72]      Submission 886, p.5 (Australian College of Midwives)

[73]      Submission 912, p.6 (AMAP). See also Senate Community Affairs References Committee, Rocking the Cradle: A Report into Childbirth Procedures, December 1999, pp.75-7.

[74]      Committee Hansard 26.3.02, p.639 (CATSIN).

[75]      Submission 822, Attachment 2 (AHWAC).

[76]      Committee Hansard, 27.3.02, p.745 (Australian Council of Community Nursing Services).

[77]      Submission 369, p.1 (Child Youth and Family Health); Submission 331, p.3 (South Brisbane Community Nurses, QNU Branch).

[78]      Submission 331, p.3 (South Brisbane Community Nurses, QNU Branch); see also Submission 794, p.4 (Community Nurses Special Interest Group (ANF WA Branch)).

[79]      Submission 476, p.4 (Royal District Nursing Service).

[80]      Submission 476, p.3 (Royal District Nursing Service).

[81]      Submission 331, p.16 (South Brisbane Community Nurses, QNU Branch); see also Submission 476, p.4 (Royal District Nursing Service).

[82]      Committee Hansard 21.3.02, p.345 (ACT Community Care).

[83]      Submission 794, p.7 (Community Nurses Special Interest Group, WA); Supplementary Information, 21.3.02, p.2.

[84]      Committee Hansard 21.3.02, p.350 (ACT Community Care).

[85]      Submission 712, p.2 (Association of Neonatal Nurses of NSW).

[86]      Submission 439, p.1 (ANNA).

[87]      Submission 439, p.2 (ANNA).

[88]      Submission 439, p.5 (ANNA).

[89]      Submission 712, p.2 (ANNN).

[90]      Submission 439, p.3; Committee Hansard 22.3.02, p.448 (ANNA).

[91]      Submission 734, p.1 (Tresillian Family Care Centres).

[92]      Submission 889, p.2 (CAFHNA NSW).

[93]      Submission 763, p.2 (ACPCHN); see also Submission 753, p.3 (Association of Paediatric & Child Health Nurses WA); Submission 889 p.5 (CAFHNA NSW).

[94]      Submission 734, p.4 (Tresillian Family Care Centres); Submission 763, p.1 (ACPCHN); Submission 889, p.5 (CAFHNA NSW).

[95]      Submission 763, p.4 (ACPCHN).

[96]      Submission 753, p.6 (Association of Paediatric & Child Health Nurses WA).

[97]      Submission 814, p.10 (ACCCN).

[98]      Submission 814, p.1 (ACCCN).

[99]      Submission 814, p.2 (ACCCN).

[100]    Submission 814, p.2 (ACCN).

[101]    Committee Hansard 15.3.02, p.304 (TORN).

[102]    Committee Hansard 15.3.02, p.304 (TORN).

[103]    Submission 747, p.5; Committee Hansard 27.3.02, p.752 (ACORN); Submission 327, p.4 (TORN).

[104]    Committee Hansard 22.3.02, p.439 (Australian College of Emergency Nursing).

[105]    Submission 813, p.3 (Australian College of Emergency Nursing).