Footnotes

[1] Professor Holman's response and a Briefing Paper prepared by Rachel Moorin, Centre for Health Services Research in the School of Population Health at the University of Western Australia were authorised for publication by the Committee.

[2] Professor D'Arcy Holman, Commissioned report, Briefing Paper, p.1.

[3] National Service Improvement Framework for Cancer, National Health Priority Action Council, March 2004, p.4.

[4] Australia's Health 2004, Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, May 2004, p.64.

[5] Australia's Health 2002, AIHW May 2002, p.53.

[6] Cancer Survival in Australia 2001, AIHW, September 2001, pp.46, 62.

[7] Cancer in Australia 2001, AIHW, p.xvi.

[8] Deaths, Australia, 3302.0 Australian Bureau of Statistics, 15 December 2004, p.3.

[9] Cancer in Australia 2001, AIHW, December 2004, p.6.

[10] Submission 3, Additional information 20.4.05, p.1 (AIHW) and Cancer in Australia 2001, AIHW, December 2004, p.xi.

[11] Submission 65, p.3 (COSA, CCA, NCCI and NACCHO).

[12] Australia's Health 2004, Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, p.67.

[13] Cancer in Australia: A snapshot 4822.0.55.001, Australian Bureau of Statistics, 1 September 2004.

[14] Professor D'Arcy Holman, Commissioned Report, p. 2.

[15] Submission 3, Additional information 20.4.05, p.4 (AIHW).

[16] Cancer in Australia 2001, AIHW, December 2004, p.xv.

[17] Submission 65, Additional information 19.4.05, p.2 (COSA, TCC, NCCI and NACCHO).

[18] Committee Hansard 19.4.05, p.14 (Professor Coates).

[19] Committee Hansard 18.4.05, pp.57-58 (Dr Hassed).

[20] Committee Hansard 20.4.05, p.82 (Mr Davies, DoHA).

[21] Professor D'Arcy Holman, Commissioned Report, p.3.

[22] Committee Hansard 18.4.05, p.54 (Dr Gawler).

[23] It's not about the bike, Lance Armstrong, Allen & Unwin, 2000, p.90.

[24] Committee Hansard 31.3.05, p 7 (Dr Fong, Department of Health WA).

[25] Submission 39, p 3 (NBCC).

[26] Committee Hansard 18.4.05, p.53 (Dr Gawler).

[27] Committee Hansard 20.4.05, p.37 (Ms Vivian).

[28] Submission 21, p.2 (Ms Betsy Bush).

[29] Committee Hansard 20.4.05, p.35 (Ms Paice).

[30] Submission 92, p.1 (Mr Bill and Ms Frances Parker).

[31] Confidential Submission 3, p.6.

[32] Committee Hansard 31.3.05, p.67 (Mr Deverall).

[33] Committee Hansard 12.5.05, p.1 (Mr Ulman).

[34] Committee Hansard 20.4.05, p.38 (Ms Vivian).

[35] Directory of Breast Cancer Treatment and Services for New South Wales Women, Breast Cancer Action Group NSW and NSW Breast Cancer Institute, 2002.

[36] Committee Hansard 20.4.05, p.49 (Mr Gregory).

[37] Committee Hansard 18.4.05, p.53 (Dr Gawler).

[38] Optimising Cancer Care in Australia, Clinical Oncological Society of Australia, The Cancer Council Australia and the National Cancer Control Initiative, 2003.

[39] DoHA Submission to House of Representatives Standing Committee on Health and Ageing Inquiry into health funding, pp.4-14.

[40] Priorities for Action in Cancer Control 2001-2003, Cancer Strategies Group, 2001, pp.72-73.

[41] Health system expenditures on cancer and other neoplasms in Australia 2000-01, AIHW, May 2005, p.1.

[42] Submission 87, pp.8-9 (DoHA).

[43] DoHA Health Fact Sheet 1, Investing in Australia’s health: Strengthening Cancer Care, accessed at: http://www.health.gov.au/internet/budget/publishing.nsf/Content/health-budget2005-hbudget-hfact1.htm on 26 May 2005.

[44] Submission 53 and Committee Hansard 19.4.05, pp.47-56 (Cancer Institute NSW); Submission 66 and Committee Hansard 18.4.05, pp.1-13 (Victorian Department of Human Services); Submission 44 and Committee Hansard 31.3.05, pp.1-23 (Department of Health WA).

[45] Submission 53, p.2 (Cancer Institute NSW).

[46] Submission 66, pp.1-6 (Victorian Department of Human Services).

[47] Submission 44, pp.1-2 (Department of Health WA).

[48] Committee Hansard 31.3.05, p.1 (Dr Fong).

[49] Committee Hansard 31.3.05, p.3 (Professor Saunders).

[50] Submission 65, p.3 (COSA, CCA, NCCI and NACCHO).

[51] Optimising Cancer Care in Australia, COSA, CCA and NCCI, February 2003, p.xi; Submission 65, p.7.

[52] Committee Hansard 31.3.05, p.14 (Professor Saunders).

[53] Committee Hansard 20.4.05, p.31 (Mrs Paice).

[54] Committee Hansard 20.4.05, p.33 (Mr Pitt).

[55] Ingram, D.M, McEvoy, S.P, Byrne, M.J, Fritschi, L, Joseph, D.J and Jamrozik, K, Surgical caseload and outcomes for women with invasive breast cancer treated in Western Australia, The Breast, 2005; 14, 11-17.

[56] National Service Improvement Framework for Cancer, National Health Priority Action Council, March 2004, p.36 and p.32.

[57] Committee Hansard 31.3.05, p.14 (Professor Saunders).

[58] Committee Hansard 18.4.05, p.43 (Ms Timbs).

[59] National Service Improvement Framework for Cancer, p.32.

[60] A core strategy for cancer care: Accreditation of cancer services – a discussion paper, TCCA, ACN and NBCC, 2005, p.13.

[61] Committee Hansard 19.4.05, pp.17-18 (Professor Coates).

[62] Committee Hansard 19.4.05, p.8 (Professor Elwood).

[63] Committee Hansard 31.3.05, p.69 (Mr Deverall).

[64] Australian Federation of Medical Women Reply to Issues Paper on Credentials and Clinical Privileges accessed at http://www.afmw.org.au/pubs/pub40_ccp.htm on 9.6.05.

[65] Committee Hansard 18.4.05, p.45 (Ms Swinburne).

[66] Committee Hansard 31.3.05, p.69 (Mr Deverall).

[67] Committee Hansard 18.4.05, pp.43-44 (Ms Timbs).

[68] Information accessed at http://www.surgeons.org/asernip-s/auditBreast.htm on 8 6.05.

[69] Committee Hansard 31.3.05, p.8 (Professor Saunders).

[70] Committee Hansard 20.4.05, p.28 (Mr Argall).

[71] Committee Hansard 20.4.05, p.29. (Mr Pitt).

[72] Submission 44 p.8 (Department of Health WA).

[73] Committee Hansard 19.4.05, p.48 (Professor Bishop).

[74] Submission 66, p.2 (Victorian Department of Human Services).

[75] Submission 53, p.4 (Cancer Institute NSW) and NSW Cancer Plan 2004-06, pp.22, 37.

[76] Submission 66, p.2 (Victorian Department of Human Services).

[77] Submission 44, pp.1-2 (Department of Health WA).

[78] Submission 53, p.22 (Cancer Institute NSW).

[79] Submission 71, p.6 (Breast Cancer Action Group quoting Gail who was diagnosed in July 2001).

[80] Submission 87, p.3 (DoHA).

[81] Committee Hansard 19.4.05, p.82 (Dr Page).

[82] Submission 65, p.7 (COSA, CCA, NCCI and NACCHO).

[83] Submission 39, p.2 (NBBC).

[84] Committee Hansard 20.4.05, p.91 (Professor Horvath).

[85] Committee Hansard 18.4.05, p.27 (Professor Zalcberg).

[86] Submission 36, p.1 (Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre).

[87] Optimising Cancer Care in Australia, COSA, TCCA and NCCI, February 2003, p.xii.

[88] Manual for Cancer Services 2004, accessed on 5 May 2005 at http://www.dh.gov.uk/PublicationsAndStatistics/Publications/PublicationsPolicyAndGuidance/PublicationsPolicyAndGuidanceArticle/fs/en?CONTENT_ID=4090081&chk=hq28gu.

[89] Canadian Strategy for Cancer Contro, accessed at www.cancercontrol.org, on 5 May 2005.

[90] Ensuring Quality Cancer Care, accessed at http://www.iom.edu/report, on 5 May 2005.

[91] Committee Hansard 31.3.05, p.66 (Mr Deverall).

[92] Submission 92, p.4 (Mr CW and Ms F Parker).

[93] Professor D'Arcy Holman, Commissioned Report, p.4.

[94] Professor D'Arcy Holman, Commissioned Report, p.4.

[95] National Multidisciplinary Care Demonstration Project, NBCC, p.2.

[96] National Multidisciplinary Care Demonstration Project, NBCC, pp.18-28.

[97] National Multidisciplinary Care Demonstration Project, NBCC, p.5.

[98] Sustainability of Multidisciplinary Cancer Care Study, NBCC, January 2005, p.vi.

[99] Submission 39, p.2 (NBCC).

[100] Committee Hansard 31.3.05, p.67 (Mr Deverall).

[101] Submission 94 (Mr Cope).

[102] National Multidisciplinary Care Demonstration Project, NBCC, pp.23-27.

[103] National Service Improvement Framework for Cancer, p.41.

[104] Committee Hansard 20.4.05, p.89 (Mr Davies and Professor Horvath).

[105] Confidential Submission 3, pp.2-5.

[106] Professor D'Arcy Holman, Commissioned Report, p.6.

[107] Submission 53, p.8 (Cancer Institute, NSW).

[108] Submission 87, supplementary information, (DoHA).

[109] Submission 53, p.8 (Cancer Institute NSW).

[110] Committee Hansard 19.4.05, p.73 (Ms Marine).

[111] Committee Hansard 19.4.05, p.7 (Professor Currow).

[112] Committee Hansard 31.3.05, p.18 (Professor Saunders and Dr Fong).

[113] Committee Hansard 19.4.05, p.49 (Professor Bishop).

[114] Committee Hansard 20.4.05, pp.8-9 (Ms Dane).

[115] Committee Hansard 19.04.05, p.49 (Professor Bishop).

[116] Submission 87, p.22 (DoHA).

[117] Submission 87, p.31 (DoHA).

[118] Professor C. D'Arcy, J. Holman, Commissioned Report, p.5.

[119] National Multidisciplinary Care Demonstration Project, NBCC, pp.28-31.

[120] Committee Hansard 20.4.05, p.50 (Mr Gregory).

[121] Committee Hansard 20.4.05, p.7 (Ms Grealish).

[122] Committee Hansard 18.4.05, p.50 (Ms Swinburne).

[123] Submission 65, p.12 (COSA, CCA, NCCI and NACCHO).

[124] A Cancer Service Framework for Victoria, The Collaboration for Cancer Outcomes Research and Evaluation July 2003, p.xiii.

[125] Submissions 65, p.12 (COSA, CCA, NCCI and NACCHO) and 27, p.4 (Mr and Mrs Moran).

[126] Submission 65, p.13 (COSA, CCA, NCCI and NACCHO).

[127] Committee Hansard 20.4.05, p.2 (Ms Dane).

[128] National Service Improvement Framework for Cancer, National Health Priority Action Council, March 2004, p.34.

[129] Submission 87, p.21 (DoHA).

[130] Committee Hansard 31.3.05, p.4 (Professor Saunders); Submission 44, p.6 (Dept of Health WA.

[131] Submission 39, p.3 (NBCC).

[132] Committee Hansard 18.4.05, p.47 (Ms Manaszewicz).

[133] Committee Hansard 18.4.05, p.46 (Ms Lockwood).

[134] Submission 36, p.2 (Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre).

[135] Submission 32, pp.3-4 (Pharmacy Guild).

[136] Submission 36, p.4 (Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre).

[137] Committee Hansard 18.4.05, p.46 (Ms Lockwood).

[138] Submission 6, p.3 (Brain Tumour Australia).

[139] Committee Hansard 31.3.04, p.26 (Ms Revell).

[140] Committee Hansard 11.5.05, p.10 (Dr Maher).

[141] Clinical practice guidelines for the psychosocial care of adults with cancer, NBCC, NCCI and NHMRC, p.3.

[142] Committee Hansard 18.4.05, p.93 (Ms Todd).

[143] Clinical practice guidelines for the psychological care of adults with cancer, NBCC, NCCI and NHMRC, p.vi.

[144] Committee Hansard 18.4.05, p.57 (Dr Hassed).

[145] Submission 38, pp.4-6 (APS).

[146] Committee Hansard 18.4.05, p.78 (Mr Stokes).

[147] Committee Hansard 19.4.05, p.44 (Ms Crossing).

[148] Committee Hansard 20.4.05, p.3 (Ms Grealish).

[149] Committee Hansard 19.4.05, p.35 (Ms Crossing).

[150] Committee Hansard 18.4.05, p.37 (Professor Zalcberg).

[151] Committee Hansard 12.5.05, p.2 (Mr Ulman).

[152] Committee Hansard 18.4.05, p.29 (Professor Aranda).

[153] Committee Hansard 18.4.05, p.82 (Professor Bloch).

[154] Committee Hansard 18.4.05, p.85 (Mr Stokes).

[155] Committee Hansard 18.4.05, pp.85-86 (Mr Stokes).

[156] Committee Hansard 18.4.05, p.89 (Mr Hochberg).

[157] Committee Hansard 18.4.05, p.96 (Mr Hochberg).

[158] Committee Hansard 18.4.05, p.29 (Professor Aranda).

[159] Accessed at http://health.gov.au/internet/wcms/publishing.nsf/Content/health-medicare-health_pro-gp-pdf-allied-cnt.htm on 19.5.05.

[160] Clinical practice guidelines for the psychosocial care of adults with cancer, NBCC, NCCI and NHMRC, pp.7-10.

[161] Committee Hansard 18.4.05, p.15 (Professor Hill).

[162] Priorities for Action in Cancer Control 2001-2003, Cancer Strategies Group, p.viii.

[163] Priorities for Action in Cancer Control 2001-2003, Cancer Strategies Group, p.50.

[164] Submission 5, p.2 (Ms Sonja Hall).

[165] Submission 87, p.23 (DoHA).

[166] Submission 41, pp.2-3 (RDAA).

[167] Submission 5, p.1 (Ms Sonja Hall).

[168] Submission 41, p.4 (RDAA).

[169] Committee Hansard 19.4.05, p.81 (Dr Page).

[170] Submission 46, p.1 (Dr Rogers-Clark and Ms Ellem).

[171] Submission 41, p.3 (RDAA).

[172] Submission 41, p.4 (RDAA).

[173] Submission 37, p.3 (MOGA).

[174] Submission 61, p.5 (NRHA).

[175] Submission 61, p.8 (NRHA).

[176] Submission 41, p.5 (RDAA).

[177] Committee Hansard 19.4.05, p.87 (Ms Stratigos).

[178] Submission 33, p.5 (Breast Cancer Network Australia).

[179] Submission 41, p.4 (RDAA).

[180] Committee Hansard 19.4.05, p.82 (Dr Page).

[181] Committee Hansard 19.4.05, p.87 (Dr Page).

[182] Jong, K.E, Vale, P.J and Armstrong, B. K, Medical Journal of Australia 2005; 182 (1) 13-14.

[183] Submissions 4, p.6 (Mr Deverall) and 68, p.1 (Ms Heathcote).

[184] Submission 65, p.21 citing the Cancer in the Bush, Optimising Clinical Services conference report, 2001, The Cancer Council Australia, COSA, Department of Health and Ageing.

[185] Submission 65, p.21 (COSA, CCA, NCCI and NACCHO).

[186] National Service Improvement Framework for Cancer, p.37.

[187] The Howard Government Election 2004 Policy, Strengthening Cancer Care, p.4.

[188] Accessed at http://www.health.gov.au/internet/budget/publishing.nsf/Content/health-budget2005-hbudget-hfact1.htm on 1.6.2005.

[189] Submission 87, p.24 (DoHA).

[190] Committee Hansard 19.4.05, p.83 (Dr Page).

[191] Committee Hansard 18.4.05, p.50 (Ms Swinburne).

[192] Submission 65, p.21 (COSA, CCA, NCCI and NACCHO).

[193] Committee Hansard 20.4.05, p.51 (Mr Gregory).

[194] Committee Hansard 19.4.05, p.81 (Dr Page).

[195] Committee Hansard 19.4.05, p.81 (Dr Page).

[196] Mr Deverall, personal communication, 5.5.05.

[197] Committee Hansard 18.4.05, p.48 (Ms Swinburne).

[198] Committee Hansard 20.4.05, p.48 (Mr Gregory).

[199] Committee Hansard 20.4.05, p.48 (Mr Gregory).

[200] Radiation Oncology Jurisdictional Implementation Group Final Report, September 2003, p.10.

[201] John Condon, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Primary Health Care Review: Consultant Report No 5, Cancer, Health Services and Indigenous Australians, p.1.

[202] Lowenthal, R.M, Grogan, P and Kerrins, E.T, Reducing the impact of cancer in Indigenous communities: ways forward, Medical Journal of Australia 2005: 182(3): 105-106.

[203] Condon, J.R, Barnes, T, Cunningham, and Armstrong, B, Long-term trends in cancer mortality for Indigenous Australians in the Northern Territory, Medical Journal of Australia 2004; 180 (10):504-507.

[204] Lowenthal, R.M, Grogan, P.B, Kerrins, E.T, Reducing the impact of cancer in Indigenous communities: ways forward, Medical Journal of Australia 2005; 182 (3): 105-106.

[205] Condon, J.R, Armstrong, B.K, Barnes, A and Cunningham, J, Cancer In Indigenous Australians: a review, Cancer Causes and Control 14; 109-121, 2003.

[206] The National Cancer Prevention Policy 2004-06, The Cancer Council Australia May 2004, p.7.

[207] Australia's Health 2004, p.336.

[208] Condon, J.R, Armstrong, B.K, Barnes, A and Cunningham, J, Cancer in Indigenous Australian's: a review, Cancer Causes and Control 2003, 14; 109-121, p.111.

[209] Condon, J.R, Barnes, T, Armstrong, B.K, Selva-Nayagam, S and Elwood, J.M, Stage at diagnosis and cancer survival for Indigenous Australians in the Northern Territory, Medical Journal of Australia 2005; 182 (6): 277-280.

[210] Submission 61, supplementary information, p.1 (NRHA).

[211] Condon, J.R Cancer and Indigenous Australians in the Northern Territory, Doctoral thesis, Charles Darwin University, 2004.

[212] Submission 87, pp.24-25 (DoHA).

[213] Australian Bureau of Statistics 4704.0 The Health and Welfare of Australia's Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples, 2003.

[214] Gruen, R.L, Bailie, R.S, d'Abbs, P.H, O'Rourke, I.C, O'Brien, M. M and Verma N, Improving access to specialist care for remote Aboriginal communities: evaluation of a specialist outreach service, Medical Journal of Australia 2001; 174 (10): 507-511.

[215] Gruen, R.L, Weeramanthri, T.S, and Bailie, R.S, Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health 2002; 56: 517-521.

[216] Lowenthal, R.M, Grogan, P.B, Kerrins, E.t, Reducing the impact of cancer in Indigenous communities: ways forward, Medical Journal of Australia, 2005;182 (3):105-106.

[217] Submission 65, p.29 (COSA,CCA, NCCI and NACCHO).

[218] Submission 43, p.2 (Dr Condon).

[219] Committee Hansard 18.4.05, p.61 (Professor Sali).

[220] Submission 30, p.8 (SCGH Brownes Cancer Support Centre).

[221] Accessed through http://www.tga.gov.au/docs/html/cmfact3.htm on 11.5.05.

[222] Complementary Medicines in the Australian Health System, Expert Committee on Complementary Medicines in the Health System, September 2003, p.12.

[223] Submission 45, p.4 (The Gawler Foundation).

[224] Accessed through NCCAM website http://nccam.nih.gov/health/whatiscam/#1 on 11.5.05.

[225] Committee Hansard 12.5.05, p.5 (Mr Lerner).

[226] Committee Hansard 12.5.05, p.2 (Mr Lerner).

[227] Committee Hansard 12.5.05, pp.2-3 (Mr Lerner).

[228] Accessed through http://cancersupportuk.nhs.uk/mean/default/.asp?cancer_network=0&lang=en%page=5_home.html on 11.5.05.

[229] Committee Hansard 11.5.05, p.3 (Dr Kohn).

[230] Submission 36, p.4 (Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre).

[231] Committee Hansard 12.5.05, pp.7, 11 (Dr Cassileth).

[232] Committee Hansard 19.4.05, p.20 (Professor Currow).

[233] Submission 53, p.11 (Cancer Institute NSW).

[234] Submission 45, pp 5-6 (The Gawler Foundation).

[235] Cassileth, B, Deng, G, Vickers, AJ, Yeung, KS, Integrative Oncology: Complementary Therapies in Cancer Care, Ontario Canada, BC Decker, p.3.

[236] TGA website accessed at http://tga.gov.au/docs/html/cmfact1.htm on 16.5.05.

[237] Cassileth, B, Deng, G, Vickers, AJ, Yeung, KS, Integrative Oncology: Complementary Therapies in Cancer Care, Ontario Canada, BC Decker, pp.3-4.

[238] Submission 53, p.9 referencing Verdoef et al, Complementary therapies and cancer care: an overview, Patient Education and Counselling, 1999: 38: 93-100 and Richardson et al, Complementary/Alternative medicine use in a comprehensive cancer centre and the implications for oncology, Journal of Oncology 2000; 18 (13): 2505-14.

[239] Eisenberg DM, Davies RB, Ettner SL, et al. Trends in alternative medicine use in the United States, 1990-1997. JAMA 1998; 280: 1569-1575 quoted in Medical Journal of Australia, Complementary and alternative medicine: an educational, attitudinal and research challenge, 2000:172: 102-103.

[240] Submission 45, p.6 (The Gawler Foundation) quoting a study by MacLennan, AH, Wilson, DH, Taylor, AW, The escalating cost and prevalence of alternative medicine, Prev Med 2002; 35:166-173.

[241] Complementary Medicines in the Australian Health System, Expert Committee on Complementary Medicines on the Health System, 2003, p.37.

[242] Complementary Therapies Literature Review, Cancer Institute NSW, p.1.

[243] Committee Hansard 11.5.05, p.10 (Dr Kohn).

[244] Submission 84 (Mrs de Vries)

[245] Much of the information from this section was drawn from the Women's Health Queensland Wide Inc, Health Information – Health journey Summer 1999 Complementary Medicine accessed at http://womhealth.org.au/healthjourney/complementarymedicine.htm on 17.2.05.

[246] Committee Hansard 11.5.05, p.10 (Dr Kohn).

[247] Submission 64, p.3 (Australian Traditional Medicine Society); Committee Hansard 19.4.05, p.94 (Mr Khoury).

[248] Submission 45, p.16 (The Gawler Foundation); Committee Hansard 12.5.05, pp.1-2 (Mr Lerner).

[249] Committee Hansard 12.5.05, p.7 (Dr Cassileth).

[250] Dr Peter Eng, Personal communication 18.5.05.

[251] Cancer Research Vol 54 Issue 22 5848-5855, 1994. Cancer Research 59, 3991-3997, August 15. 1999; Qinghui, M, Yuan, F, Goldberg, I,D, Rosen, E.M, Auborn, A, Fan, S, Indole-3-carbinol is a negative regulator of oestrogen receptor – Signaling in Human Tumour Cells, The Journal of Nutrition; Dec 2000: 130, 12. Submission 67, Information dated 23.5.05 (ACNEM).

[252] Committee Hansard 11.5.05, p.11 (Professor Maher).

[253] Committee Hansard 12.5.05, p.8 (Dr Cassileth), Committee Hansard 18.4.05, p.75 (Mr Spijer); Submission 45, p.8 (The Gawler Foundation); Submission 26, pp 14-15 (National Herbalists Association of Australia); Submission 67 (ACNEM); Submission 12 (Professor Bloch); Submission 59 (Oncology Social Work Australia).

[254] Committee Hansard 12.5.05, p.8 (Dr Cassileth).

[255] Vickers, A.J and Cassileth, B.R, Unconventional therapies for cancer and cancer-related symptoms, Lancet Oncology, 2001; 2:226-232.

[256] Committee Hansard 12.5.05, pp.1-2 (Mr Lerner).

[257] Submission 60, p.5 (Australian Natural Therapists Association) and Submission 26, p.6 (National Herbalists Association of Australia).

[258] Submission 56 (Burke Road Medical Centre).

[259] Submission 15 (Cancer Information and Support Society); Submission 56 (Burke Road Medical Centre); Submission 104, p.1 (Mr Colin McQueen).

[260] Committee Hansard 12.5.05, p.1 (Mr Lerner).

[261] Committee Hansard 11.5.05, p.3 (Dr Kohn).

[262] Committee Hansard 11.5.05, p.6 (Dr Kohn).

[263] Committee Hansard 11.5.05, p.6 (Professor Maher).

[264] Committee Hansard 18.4.05, p.59 (Dr Hassed).

[265] Accessed at http://www.cancer.gov/cam/cam_at_nci.html on 16.5.05.

[266] Accessed at http://www.nccam.nih.gov/about/appropriations/index.htm on 16.5.05.

[267] Committee Hansard 11.5.05, p.7 (Dr Kohn).

[268] Committee Hansard 11.5.05, p.9 (Dr Maher).

[269] Submission 64, p.3 (ATMS); Submission 26, p. 7 (National Herbalists Association of Australia); Submission 45, p.34 (The Gawler Foundation).

[270] Submission 26, p.7 quoting Benoussan, A, Lewith, G.T, Complementary medicine research in Australia: a strategy for the future, Medical Journal of Australia 2004; 181 (6): 331-333.

[271] Committee Hansard 12.5.05, p.7 (Mr Lerner).

[272] Ernst, E, Obstacles to research in complementary and alternative medicine, Medical Journal of Australia 2003; 179 (6): 279-280; Committee Hansard 12.5.05, p.8 (Dr Cassileth).

[273] Submission 87, p.18 (DoHA).

[274] Information accessed at http://www.cochrane.org/docs/descrip.htm on 10.6.05.

[275] Committee Hansard 18.4.05, p.75 (Mr Spijer).

[276] Committee Hansard 18.4.05, p.18 (Professor Hill).

[277] Submission 9, p.7 (National Health and Medical Research Council).

[278] Committee Hansard 18.4.05, p.19 (Professor Hill).

[279] Committee Hansard 18.4.05, p.21 (Dr Snyder).

[280] Committee Hansard 19.4.05, p.20 (Professor Currow).

[281] Bensoussan, A, Lewith, GT, Complementary medicine research in Australia: a strategy for the future, Medical Journal of Australia 2004: 181 (6): 331-333.

[282] Expert Committee on Complementary Medicines in the Health System, Report to the Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister for Health and Ageing, Complementary Medicines in the Australian Health System, September 2003, p.55.

[283] Submission 87, pp.17-19 (DoHA).

[284] Complementary Medicines in the Australian Health System, September 2003, p.7.

[285] Complementary Medicines in the Australian Health System, September 2003, pp.15-34.

[286] Committee Hansard 12.5.05, p.4 (Mr Lerner).

[287] Committee Hansard 18.4.05, p.61 (Professor Sali).

[288] Committee Hansard 12.5.05, p.5 (Mr Lerner).

[289] Committee Hansard 18.4.05, p.70 (Professor Sali).

[290] Committee Hansard 12.5.05, pp.2-3 (Mr Lerner).

[291] Expert Committee on Complementary Medicines in the Health System, Report to the Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister for Health and Ageing, Complementary Medicines in the Australian Health System, September 2003, p.12.

[292] Committee Hansard 11.5.05, p.2 (Professor Maher).

[293] Committee Hansard 12.5.05, p.9 (Dr Cassileth).

[294] Committee Hansard 18.4.05, p.70 (Dr Hassed).

[295] Committee Hansard 11.5.05, p.4 (Professor Maher).

[296] Committee Hansard 11.5.05, p.4 (Professor Maher).

[297] Committee Hansard 11.5.05, p.2 (Professor Maher).

[298] Committee Hansard 11.5.05, p.4 (Professor Maher).

[299] Committee Hansard 11.5.05, p.5 (Dr Kohn).

[300] Committee Hansard 11.5.05, p.5 (Dr Kohn).

[301] Committee Hansard 11.5.05, p.8 (Dr Kohn).

[302] Committee Hansard 18.4.05, p.58 (Dr Hassed).

[303] Committee Hansard 18.4.05, p.70 (Dr Hassed).

[304] Expert Committee on Complementary Medicines in the Health System, Report to the Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister for Health and Ageing, Complementary Medicines in the Australian Health System, September 2003, p.22.

[305] Committee Hansard 20.4.05, p.29 (Mr Pitt).

[306] Committee Hansard 18.4.05, p.68 (Dr Hassed).

[307] Committee Hansard 11.5.05, p.7 (Dr Kohn).

[308] Submission 87, p.18 (DoHA).

[309] Submission 36, p.5 (Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre).

[310] Committee Hansard 11.5.05, p.7 (Professor Maher).

[311] Committee Hansard 18.4.05, p.68 (Dr Gawler).

[312] Committee Hansard 20.4.05, p.19 (Ms Gargan).

[313] Alexandra L Barratt, Les M Irwig, Paul P Glasziou, Glenn P Salkeld and Nehmat Houssami, Benefits, harms and costs of screening mammography in women 70 years and over: a systematic review, The Medical Journal of Australia, 2002, 176, 266-271.

[314] Submission 87, p.15 (DoHA).

[315] Committee Hansard 19.4.05, p.33 (Ms Crossing).

[316] Submission 101, pp.1-2 (Ms Catherine Green).

[317] Submission 24, p.3 (Breast Cancer Action Group NSW).

[318] Committee Hansard 19.4.05, p.33 (Ms Crossing).

[319] Submission 24, p.3 (Breast Cancer Action Group NSW).

[320] Committee Hansard 19.4.05, p.33 (Ms Crossing).

[321] Submission 87, supplementary information, (DoHA).

[322] Committee Hansard 19.4.05, p.57, (Dr O'Brien).

[323] Submission 69, p.2 (Ms Ewing).

[324] Submission 99, p.2 (Westmead Hospital, Sydney and The Children's Hospital at Westmead Sydney).

[325] Mitchell, A, E et al, Medical Journal of Australia 2004: 180 (2): 59-62.

[326] McTiernan. A, Issues Surrounding the participation of adolescents with cancer in clinical trials in the UK, European Journal of Cancer Care, 12 (3), 233-9, September, 2003.

[327] Submission 51 p.2 (CanTeen).

[328] Committee Hansard 19.4.05, p.61 (Ms Michels).

[329] Committee Hansard 19.4.05, p.63 (Ms Michels).

[330] Committee Hansard 19.4.05, p.70 (Ms Senner).

[331] Submission 69, p.2 (Ms Ewing).

[332] Committee Hansard 19.4.05, p.58 (Dr O'Brien).

[333] Submission 53, pp.2, 6 (Cancer Institute NSW).

[334] Submission 66, p.5 (Victorian Department of Human Services).

[335] Submission 53, p.6 (Cancer Institute NSW).

[336] National Service Improvement Framework for Cancer, p 42.

[337] National Service Improvement Framework for Cancer, p 42.

[338] Submission 53, p.6 (Cancer Institute NSW).

[339] Cancer Institute NSW Clinical Trials Program, accessed at http://www.health.nsw.gov.au/cancer_inst/research/trials.html on 26 May 2005.

[340] DOHA Health Fact Sheet 1, Investing in Australia’s health: Strengthening Cancer Care, accessed at: http://www.health.gov.au/internet/budget/publishing.nsf/Content/health-budget2005-hbudget-hfact1.htm on 26 May 2005.

[341] Committee Hansard 19.04.05, p.10 (Dr Threlfall).

[342] Committee Hansard 31.03.05, p.9 (Dr Threlfall).

[343] Committee Hansard 19.04.05, p.50 (Prof Bishop).

[344] Submission 66, p.5 (Victorian Department of Human Services).

[345] Committee Hansard 20.04.05, p.79 (Dr Choi).

[346] Submission 3, p.5 (AIHW).

[347] Committee Hansard 19.4.05, p.24 (Professor Kricker).

[348] Submission 8, p.4 (Dr Beverley McNamara and Dr Lorna Rosenwax).

[349] Committee Hansard 19.4.05, p.6 (Professor Currow).

[350] Submission 1, pp.1-2 (Home Hospice Inc).

[351] Submission 70, p.1 (Australian and New Zealand Society of Palliative Medicine); Committee Hansard 19.4.05, p.16 (Professor Currow).

[352] Committee Hansard 19.4.05, p.16 (Professor Currow).

[353] Committee Hansard 19.4.05, p.17 (Professor Currow).

[354] Submission 8, pp.5-6 (Dr Beverley McNamara and Dr Lorna Rosenwax).

[355] Submission 70, p.2 (Australian and New Zealand Society of Palliative Medicine).

[356] Accessed at http://www.centrelink.gov.au/internet.nsf/payments/carer_allow_adult.htm and http://www.centrelink.gov.au/internet.nsf/payments/carer.htm on 10.6.05.

[357] Submission 87, p.27 (DoHA).

[358] Committee Hansard 20.4.05, p.59 (Mr Cuthill).

[359] Committee Hansard 20.4.05, p.60 (Mr Cuthill).

[360] Committee Hansard 20.4.05, p.84 (Dr Lopert).

[361] Submission 87, Additional information, p 1 (DoHA).

[362] Committee Hansard 19.4.05, p.84 (Dr Page).

[363] Committee Hansard 19.4.05, p.7 (Professor Currow).

[364] Committee Hansard 19.4.05, p.6 (Professor Currow).

[365] Submission 28, p.3 (ACCNS).

[366] Committee Hansard 18.4.05, p17 (Professor Hill).

[367] Submission 76, p.1 (Ms Sally Chambers).

[368] Committee Hansard 18.4.05, p.41 (Professor Zalcberg).

[369] Committee Hansard 19.4.05, p.36 (Dr Zorbas).