The Parliamentary Budget Officer has publicly released the following costings, either because they were not requested on a confidential basis, or following advice from the parliamentarian that they are no longer confidential. The PBO’s Post-election reports also contain costings for each of the election commitments made by the major parties.
Policy costings are estimated using the most recent information available at the time they are provided. All PBO costings have an ‘expiry date’, which is usually the date of the next budget update. Care should be taken when referring to policy costings that are no longer current as the estimated cost of the policy proposal could change substantially with new information. If you would like advice on whether the estimated financial impacts of a costing remain relevant, please contact the PBO.
For information on behavioural assumptions used in policy costings, please see Behavioural assumptions and PBO costings.
Individual costings are also available in a searchable format.
2023
- Changes to franked distributions funded by capital raisings
(452 KB) 
(106 KB)
Advice provided to Senator Andrew Bragg: 22 May 2023
Completed response released: 31 May 2023
- Distributional analysis of the Stage 3 tax cuts
(298 KB) (110 KB)
Advice provided to Mr Adam Bandt MP: 16 May 2023
Completed response released: 17 May 2023
- Financial Costings for a Commonwealth Environment Protection Agency
(374 KB) (135 KB)
Advice provided to Mr Andrew Wilkie MP: 28 April 2023
Completed response released: 11 May 2023
- Changes to franked distributions funded by capital raisings
(149 KB)
Advice provided to Senator Bragg: 28 April 2023
Completed response released: 2 May 2023
- The cost of nuclear submarines
(209 KB) (93 KB)
Advice provided to Mr Adam Bandt MP: 14 April 2023
Completed response released: 1 May 2023
- Restoring Parenting Payment Single 2
(258 KB) (1.05 MB)
Advice provided to Ms Zoe Daniel MP: 27 April 2023
Completed response released: 28 April 2023
- Restoring Parenting Payment Single 1
(282 KB) (8.34 MB)
Advice provided to Ms Zoe Daniel MP: 4 April 2023
Completed response released: 28 April 2023
- Make Gas Exporters Pay Taxes and royalties
(358 KB) (1.32 MB)
Advice provided to Mr Adam Bandt MP: 3 February 2023
Completed response released: 26 April 2023
- Home Battery Incentive Scheme
(313 KB) (103 KB)
Advice provided to Dr Helen Haines MP: 8 March 2023
Completed response released: 27 March 2023
- Government owned affordable housing build
(348 KB) (152 KB)
Advice provided to Mr Adam Bandt MP: 10 March 2023
Completed response released: 20 March 2023
- Expenditure on employment services
(435 KB) (69 MB)
Advice provided to the Select Committee on Workforce Australia Employment Services: 2 November 2022
Completed response released: 2 March 2023
- Employment services information – Part 1 – Cancellations, suspensions and costs per commencement
(337 KB) (2.88 MB)
Advice provided to the Select Committee on Workforce Australia Employment Services: 13 January 2023
Completed response released: 2 March 2023
- Employment services information – Part 2 – Financial information
(248 KB) (1.20 MB)
Advice provided to the Select Committee on Workforce Australia Employment Services: 31 January 2023
Completed response released: 2 March 2023
- Suburb Zero pilot in the ACT
(463 KB) (173 KB)
Advice provided to Senator David Pocock: 1 September 2022
Completed response released: 27 February 2023
- Legalise Cannabis Nationally
(607 KB) (133 KB)
Advice provided to Senator David Shoebridge: 12 January 2023
Completed response released: 31 January 2023
- Increase in the Assistance for Isolated Children Allowance
(246 KB) (64 MB) Attachment A: 
(79 MB)
Advice provided to Senator Matthew Canavan: 16 January 2023
Completed response released:16 January 2023
2022
- Legacy of ongoing Morrison Government fossil fuel handouts
(399 KB) (26 MB)
Advice provided to Mr Adam Bandt MP: 25 August 2022
Completed response released: 20 September 2022
- Stage 3 tax cuts distributional analysis
(383 KB) (116 KB)
Advice provided to Mr Adam Bandt MP: 7 July 2022
Completed response released: 30 August 2022
- Changing the definition of “fuel efficient cars” in Section 25.1(4) of the Luxury Car Tax Act 2008
(302 KB) (2.3 MB)
Advice provided to Dr Monique Ryan MP: 16 August 2022
Completed response released: 18 August 2022
- 2019 Indi Election Commitments
(249 KB) (50 KB)
Advice provided to Dr Helen Haines MP: 15 March 2022
Completed response released: 29 March 2022
2021
- Ending Corporate Tax Avoidance
(403 KB) (125 KB)
Advice provided to Mr Adam Bandt MP: 4 November 2021
Completed response released: 17 November 2021
- Make functional assessments a Medicare Benefits Schedule item
(428 KB) (181 KB)
Advice provided to the Joint Standing Committee on the National Disability Insurance Scheme: 6 August 2021
Completed response released: 20 October 2021
- One Million Homes
(477 KB) (161 KB)
Advice provided to Mr Adam Bandt MP: 29 September 2021
Completed response released: 18 October 2021
- Mining Super Profits Tax
(358 KB) (116 KB)
Advice provided to Mr Adam Bandt MP: 3 September 2021
Completed response released: 6 September 2021
- Corporate Super Profits Tax
(345 KB) (106 KB)
Advice provided to Mr Adam Bandt MP: 18 June 2021
Completed response released: 6 September 2021
- Distributional analysis of the stage 3 tax cuts
(405 KB) (131 KB)
Advice provided to Mr Adam Bandt MP: 28 July 2021
Completed response released: 29 July 2021
- Profitable corporations to return JobKeeper payments
(292 KB) (49 KB)
Advice provided to Mr Adam Bandt MP: 22 April 2021
Completed response released: 4 May 2021
- Interest withholding tax for financial institutions
(276 KB) (80 KB)
Advice provided to Senator Andrew Bragg: 8 April 2021
Completed response released: 13 April 2021
- Billionaire’s tax
(278 KB) (89 KB)
Advice provided to Mr Adam Bandt MP: 25 March 2021
Completed response released: 1 April 2021
- Lost revenue from the original mining tax
(285 KB) (124 KB)
Advice provided to Mr Adam Bandt MP: 24 February 2021
Completed response released: 30 March 2021
- A mining super profits tax
(250 KB) (85 KB)
Advice provided to Mr Adam Bandt MP: 24 February 2021
Completed response released: 30 March 2021
2020
- Loss of public revenue and a distributional analysis of the tax cuts packages
(311 KB) (93 KB)
Advice provided to Mr Adam Bandt MP: 5 November 2020
Completed response released: 17 November 2020
- Australian Federal Integrity Commission and Commonwealth Parliamentary Standards Commissioner
(263 KB) (89 KB)
Advice provided to Dr Helen Haines MP: 14 October 2020
Completed response released: 16 October 2020
- Coalition parties' election commitments (Indi) 2019 – update following 2019-20 Mid-Year Economic and Fiscal Outlook
(227 KB) (32 KB)
Advice provided to Dr Helen Haines MP: 17 April 2020
Completed response released: 09 October 2020
- Establish the Australian Local Power Agency
(279 KB) (120 KB)
Advice provided to Dr Helen Haines MP: 16 September 2020
Completed response released: 23 September 2020
- Servicing public debt
(486 KB)
Advice provided to Mr Adam Bandt MP: 13 August 2020
Completed response released: 18 September 2020
- Impact of accelerating Stage 2 personal income tax cuts
(238 KB) (51 KB)
Advice provided to Mr Adam Bandt MP: 20 July 2020
Completed response released: 18 September 2020
- Exempting historic vehicle imports from the luxury car tax
(204 KB) (86 KB)
Advice provided to the Hon Julian Hill MP: 27 February 2020
Completed response released: 20 May 2020
- Increase JobSeeker Payment
(564 KB) (141 KB)
Advice provided to the Senate Community Affairs References Committee: 17 March 2020
Completed response released: 30 April 2020
- Budget savings from single parents
(220 KB)
Advice provided to Senator Richard Di Natale: 12 February 2020
Completed response released: 28 February 2020
2019
- Common group insurance
(221 KB) (100 KB)
Advice provided to Senator Richard Di Natale: 5 July 2019
Completed response released: 17 September 2019
- Personal Income Tax Plan
(242 KB) (106 KB)
Advice provided to Senator Chris Ketter: 26 June 2019
Completed response released: 28 June 2019
- Tax cuts package
(210 KB) (100 KB)
Advice provided to Senator Richard Di Natale: 26 June 2019
Completed response released: 28 June 2019
- Revenue implications of setting mandatory Government fleet electric vehicle purchasing targets
(229 KB) (133 KB)
Advice provided to Senator Tim Storer, Senate Select Committee on Electric Vehicles: 11 January 2019
Completed response released: 30 January 2019
- Revenue implications of changes to vehicle taxation measures – Fringe benefits tax exemption
(230 KB) (94 KB)
Advice provided to Senator Tim Storer: 14 December 2018
Completed response released: 30 January 2019
- Applying a road user charge to electric vehicles
(262 KB) (122KB)
Advice provided to Senator Tim Storer: 7 December 2018
Completed response released: 30 January 2019
- Revenue implications of changes to vehicle taxation measures
(329 KB) (169 KB)
Advice provided to Senator Tim Storer: 4 December 2018
Completed response released: 30 January 2019
2018
- Higher education (consolidation)
(317 KB) (133 KB)
Advice provided to Senator Richard Di Natale: 5 December 2018
Completed response released: 12 December 2018
- The PaRRTy is over
(243 KB) (101 KB)
Advice provided to Senator Richard Di Natale: 29 October 2018
Completed response released: 12 December 2018
- Postgraduate income support
(198 KB) (216 KB)
Advice provided to Senator Richard Di Natale: 12 September 2018
Completed response released: 12 December 2018
- Securing the value of our resources – End fossil fuel subsidies
(220 KB) (229 KB)
Advice provided to Senator Richard Di Natale: 9 August 2018
Completed response released: 12 December 2018
- Liberal Democrats’ tax policy
(265 KB) (234 KB)
Advice released by Senator David Leyonhjelm on 29 November 2018 in the explanatory memorandum to the private Senator’s bill Lower Tax Bill 2018
Advice provided to Senator David Leyonhjelm: 12 September 2018
Completed response released: 29 November 2018
- Dividend imputation credit refunds – further information
(207 KB) (100 KB)
Advice provided to the Hon Matt Thistlethwaite MP: 19 November 2018
Completed response released: 20 November 2018
- Pension assets test – equity for rural pensioners
(172 KB) (202 KB)
Advice provided to Ms Cathy McGowan AO MP: 4 June 2018
Completed response released: 21 September 2018
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) licences for Mount Barker and Victor Harbor
(325 KB) (205 KB)
Advice provided to Ms Rebekha Sharkie MP: 23 August 2018
Completed response released: 19 September 2018
- Personal Income Tax Plan
(1,680 KB) (234 KB)
Advice provided to Senator Ketter, Senate Economics Legislation and References Committees: 13 June 2018
Partial response 2 of 2 released: 13 June 2018
- Personal Income Tax Plan
(226 KB) (229 KB)
Advice provided to Senator Ketter, Senate Economics Legislation and References Committees: 5 June 2018
Partial response 1 of 2 released: 5 June 2018
- Personal Income Tax Plan
(184 KB) (219 KB)
Advice provided to Senator Richard Di Natale: 1 June 2018
Completed response released: 6 June 2018
- Dividend imputation credit refunds
(264 KB) (248 KB)
Advice provided to Senator David Leyonhjelm: 4 May 2018
Completed response released: 8 May 2018
- Related responses to Questions on Notice taken by the PBO
No. 2 (141 KB)
No. 3 (145 KB)
No. 4 (145 KB)
PBO responses provided: 3 July 2018
- Tax and regulate cannabis
(231 KB) (233 KB)
Advice provided to Senator Richard Di Natale: 19 April 2018
Completed response released: 23 April 2018
2017
- Improving wage growth
(178 KB) (207 KB)
Advice provided to Senator Richard Di Natale: 23 November 2017
Completed response released: 14 December 2017
- Higher education and vocational education and training
(252 KB) (235 KB)
Advice provided to Senator David Leyonhjelm: 13 October 2017
Completed response released: 19 October 2017
- Higher threshold for regional student HELP repayments
(200 KB) (212 KB)
Advice provided to Ms Cathy McGowan AO MP: 7 September 2017
Completed response released: 14 September 2017
- Savings account
(201 KB) (217 KB)
Advice provided to Senator David Leyonhjelm: 21 April 2017
Completed response released: 8 September 2017
- Foreign aid
(180 KB) (211 KB)
Advice provided to Senator David Leyonhjelm: 19 April 2017
Completed response released: 8 September 2017
- Permanent migration
(201 KB) (219 KB)
Advice provided to Senator David Leyonhjelm: 24 March 2017
Completed response released: 8 September 2017
- Welfare payments
(223 KB) (233 KB)
Advice provided to Senator David Leyonhjelm: 6 March 2017
Completed response released: 8 September 2017
- Higher education and vocational education and training
(270 KB) (235 KB)
Advice provided to Senator David Leyonhjelm: 11 January 2017
Completed response released: 8 September 2017
- Health
(232 KB) (208 KB)
Advice provided to Senator David Leyonhjelm: 6 December 2016
Completed response released: 8 September 2017
- Tax
(286 KB) (237 KB)
Advice provided to Senator David Leyonhjelm: 5 December 2016
Completed response released: 8 September 2017
- General spending cuts
(163 KB) (209 KB)
Advice provided to Senator David Leyonhjelm: 10 November 2016
Completed response released: 8 September 2017
- Foreign investment
(167 KB) (203 KB)
Advice provided to Senator David Leyonhjelm: 10 November 2016
Completed response released: 8 September 2017
- Labour market
(157 KB) (208 KB)
Advice provided to Senator David Leyonhjelm: 1 November 2016
Completed response released: 8 September 2017
- Legalising marijuana
(193 KB) (219 KB)
Advice provided to Senator David Leyonhjelm: 21 September 2016
Completed response released: 8 September 2017
- School education
(169 KB) (211 KB)
Advice provided to Senator David Leyonhjelm: 13 September 2016
Completed response released: 8 September 2017
- Taxation of Uber and taxis
(174 KB) (211 KB)
Advice provided to Senator David Leyonhjelm: 13 September 2016
Completed response released: 8 September 2017
- Financing state property tax reform
(198 KB) (214 KB)
Advice provided to Senator Richard Di Natale: 18 November 2016
Completed response released: 17 July 2017
2015
- Legalising marijuana
(241 KB) (192 KB)
Advice provided to Senator David Leyonhjelm: 18 December 2015
- Tariff revenue impacts of the Korea, Japan and China free trade agreements
(449 KB) (327 KB)
Advice provided to Senator Peter Whish-Wilson: 7 August 2015
- Update of major yet to be legislated payment measures
(255 KB) (187 KB)
Advice provided to Mr Andrew Laming MP: 27 February 2015
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