Footnotes

Chapter 1 - Introduction

[1]        Journals of the Senate No.23 - 24 March 2014, p. 691.

[2]        Journals of the Senate No.43 - 15 July 2014, p. 1174.

[3]        Geoscience Australia, Submission 12, p. 4.                                                                         

[4]        Agreement between the Governments of Australia, Argentina, Chile, the French Republic, Japan, New Zealand, Norway, the Union of South Africa, the Union of the Soviet Socialist Republics, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the United States of America concerning the Peaceful Uses of Antarctica, done at Washington 1 December 1959, entered into force for Australia 23 June 1961, [1961] ATS 12.

[5]        Antarctic Treaty, Article IV.

[6]        Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, Submission 6, p. 3.

[7]        Done at Canberra 20 May 1980, entered into force for Australia 7 April 1982, [1982] ATS 9.

[8]        See Dr Tony Press, 'Explainer: Australia's extended continental shelf and Antarctica', The Conversation, 30 May 2012, at http://theconversation.com/explainer-australias-extended-continental-shelf-and-antarctica-7298

[9]        Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, Submission 6, p. 1.

[10]      Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, Submission 6, p. 2.

[11]      Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty, done at Madrid 4 October 1991, entered into force for Australia 14 April 1998, [1998] ATS 6.

[12]      Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, Submission 6, p. 2

[13]      Done at Hamburg 27 April 1979, entered into force for Australia 22 June 1985, [1986] ATS 29.

[14]      Australian Maritime Safety Authority, Submission 9, p. 3.

[15]      Australian Customs and Border Protection Service, Submission 18, p. 2; Australian Strategic Policy Institute, 'Policing our ocean domain: Establishing an Australian coast guard', Strategic Insights 41, June 2008, p. 5.

[16]      Department of the Environment, Submission 15, p. 8.

[17]      AJ Press, 20 Year Australian Antarctic Strategic Plan, July 2014.

[18]      The Hon Greg Hunt MP, Minister for the Environment & Senator the Hon Eric Abetz, Minister for Employment, 'Strategic Plan sets Tasmania as gateway for Antarctica', Joint Media Release, 10 October 2014.

[19]      Done at Washington 2 December 1946, entered into force for Australia 10 November 1948, [1948] ATS 18.

[20]      Department of the Environment, Submission 15, p. 17.

[21]      Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, Submission 6, p. 6.

[22]      Hanna, Emily, 'Now what for Southern Ocean whaling?' Flag Post (Parliamentary Library blog), 10 June 2014.

[23]      'Japan defies IWC ruling on 'scientific' whaling', The Guardian, 18 September 2014.

[24]      The Hon Greg Hunt MP, Minister for the Environment, 'Shortlisted companies announced to build new Antarctic icebreaker', Media Release, 30 May 2014.

[25]      Mr Roman Quaedvlieg, Committee Hansard, 26 September 2014, p. 30.

[26]      Mr Roman Quaedvlieg, Committee Hansard, 26 September 2014, p. 30.

[27]      Department of Defence, Opening Statement tabled at the committee's public hearing, 26 September 2014, p. 2.

[28]      The Hon Greg Hunt MP, Minister for the Environment, 'Boosting Australia's commitment to Tasmania and Antarctica with new icebreaker', Media Release, 13 May 2014.

[29]      The Hon Greg Hunt MP, Minister for the Environment, 'Shortlisted companies announced to build new Antarctic icebreaker', Media Release, 30 May 2014.

[30]      The Hon Greg Hunt MP, Minister for the Environment, 'Boosting Australia's commitment to Tasmania and Antarctica with new icebreaker', Media Release, 13 May 2014.

[31]      ABC news online, 'Fears over Antarctic research jobs and programs under $100 million federal budget cuts', 8 April 2014.

[32]      Portfolio Budget Statement 2014-15, Environment Portfolio, p. 76.

[33]      ABC news online, 'Fears over Antarctic research jobs and programs under $100 million federal budget cuts', 8 April 2014.

[34]      CSIRO, Annual Directions Statement 2014, May 2014, p. 3.

[35]      ABC Rural News, 'CSIRO job cuts to hit marine research', 11 June 2014.

Chapter 2 - Looking south: Australia's interests and obligations

[1]        Department of Defence, Submission 20, p. 4.

[2]        Antarctic Treaty, Article I. Article I(2) provides that the Treaty does not prevent the use of military personnel or equipment for scientific or peaceful purposes. Other Articles of the Treaty are also relevant, such as Article V, which prohibits nuclear explosions in Antarctica, and Article VII, which requires advance notice to be given by the parties of any military personnel entering the region.

[3]        Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, Submission 6, p. 4.

[4]        Department of Defence, Opening Statement tabled at the committee's public hearing, 26 September 2014, p. 2.

[5]        Department of Defence, Opening Statement tabled at the committee's public hearing, 26 September 2014, p. 1.

[6]        Dr Sam Bateman and Dr Anthony Bergin, Submission 2, p. 2.

[7]        Dr Tony Press, Committee Hansard, 16 September 2012, p. 67.

[8]        Dr Sam Bateman and Dr Anthony Bergin, Submission 2, p. 2.

[9]        Anne-Marie Brady, 'The Emerging Economies of Asia and Antarctica: Challenges and Opportunities' in Jabour et al, Australia's Antarctica: Proceedings of a symposium to mark 75 years of the Australian Antarctic Territory, Hobart, 24 August 2011, pp 104-105.

[10]      Anne-Marie Brady, 'The Emerging Economies of Asia and Antarctica: Challenges and Opportunities' in Jabour et al, Australia's Antarctica: Proceedings of a symposium to mark 75 years of the Australian Antarctic Territory, Hobart, 24 August 2011, pp 106-107.

[11]      Government of Malaysia, Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation, 'Malaysia reaffirms its commitment on Antarctica', Media Release, 22 May 2013.

[12]      AJ Press, 20 Year Australian Antarctic Strategic Plan, July 2014, p. 21.

[13]      Under the terms of the Antarctic Treaty, sovereignty claims in Antarctica are neither endorsed nor disputed during the life of the Treaty, and any Treaty party may establish a scientific base in any part of Antarctica. Dr Tony Fleming, Committee Hansard, 16 September 2014, p. 54.

[14]      Australian Strategic Policy Institute, 'Cold Calculations: Australia's Antarctic challenges', Strategic Insights, October 2013, p. 9.

[15]      Anne-Marie Brady, 'The Emerging Economies of Asia and Antarctica: Challenges and Opportunities' in Jabour et al, Australia's Antarctica: Proceedings of a symposium to mark 75 years of the Australian Antarctic Territory, Hobart, 24 August 2011, p. 105.

[16]      Dr Klaus Dodds, 'Five inconvenient truths about the Antarctic', Oxford University Press blog, 18 March 2013, at http://blog.oup.com/2013/03/five-inconvenient-truths-about-the-antarctic/; The Hon David Feeney MP, Submission 16, p. 16.

[17]      AJ Press, 20 Year Australian Antarctic Strategic Plan, July 2014, p. 48.

[18]      Professor Anthony Press, Committee Hansard, 16 September 2014, p. 67.

[19]      Dr Greg French, Committee Hansard, 26 September 2014, p. 16.

[20]      Austral Fisheries, Submission 13, p. 6.

[21]      Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, Submission 6, p. 1; Department of Environment, Submission 15, p. 2.

[22]      AJ Press, 20 Year Australian Antarctic Strategic Plan, July 2014, p. 20.

[23]      Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, Submission 6, p. 2.

[24]      Australian Longline Pty Ltd, Submission 21, pp 2-3.

[25]      Professor Anthony Press, Committee Hansard, 16 September 2014, p. 62.

[26]      Professor Anthony Press, Committee Hansard, 16 September 2014, p. 61.

[27]      Australian Maritime Safety Authority, Submission 9, p. 3.

[28]      Mr Brad Groves, Committee Hansard, 26 September 2014, p. 29.

[29]      Dr Julia Jabour, Committee Hansard, 16 September 2014, p. 1.

[30]      Australian Maritime Safety Authority, answers to questions on notice following the 26 September public hearing, received 10 October 2014.

[31]      Australian Maritime Safety Authority, 'Search suspended for missing fishing vessel', Media Release, 31 March 2014.

[32]      Mr Kingsley Woodford-Smith, Committee Hansard, 26 September 2014, p. 33.

[33]      Dr Sam Bateman and Dr Anthony Bergin, Submission 2, p. 3.

[34]      Mr Brad Groves, Committee Hansard, 26 September 2014, p. 24.

[35]      Australian Maritime Safety Authority, Submission 9, p. 5.

[36]      Mr Tyson Sara, Committee Hansard, 26 September 2014, p. 16.

[37]      Mr Brad Groves, Committee Hansard, 26 September 2014, p. 24.

[38]      Australian Maritime Safety Authority, Submission 9, p. 6;         Committee Hansard, 26 September 2014, pp 27-29.

[39]      Australian Maritime Safety Authority, Submission 9, p. 7.

[40]      Mr Brad Groves, Committee Hansard, 26 September 2014, p. 29.

[41]      Australian Maritime Safety Authority, Submission 9, p. 5.

[42]      Australian Maritime Safety Authority, Submission 9, pp 1-2.

[43]      Mr Brad Groves, Committee Hansard, 26 September 2014, p. 29.

[44]      Australian Maritime Safety Authority, Submission 9, p. 5.

Chapter 3 - Combating crime in the Southern Ocean

[1]        Mr Martin Exel, Committee Hansard, 16 September 2014, p. 22.

[2]        Australian Fisheries Management Authority, Submission 11, p. 3.

[3]        Dr Sam Bateman and Dr Anthony Bergin, Submission 2, p. 2.

[4]        Australian Fisheries Management Authority, Submission 17, p. 2.

[5]        Department of Agriculture, Submission 17, p. 3.

[6]        Department of the Environment, Submission 15, p. 7.

[7]        Mr Martin Exel, Committee Hansard, 16 September 2014, p. 22.

[8]        Australian Fisheries Management Authority, Submission 11, pp 2-3.

[9]        Department of the Environment, Submission 15, p. 3; Austral Fisheries, Submission 13, p. 2.

[10]      Australian Fisheries Management Authority, Submission 11, p. 3.

[11]      AJ Press, 20 Year Australian Antarctic Strategic Plan, July 2014, p. 58; Department of the Environment, Submission 15, pp 5-6.

[12]      Australian Fisheries Management Authority, Submission 11, p. 3.

[13]      Austral Fisheries, Submission 13, pp 2-3; Mr Martin Exel, Committee Hansard, 16 September 2014, p. 22.

[14]      Australian Longline Pty Ltd, Submission 21, p. 2; Mr Martin Exel, Committee Hansard, 16 September 2014, p. 22.

[15]      Austral Fisheries, Submission 13, p. 2.

[16]      Australian Fisheries Management Authority, Submission 11, p. 3.

[17]      Ms Gillian Slocum, Committee Hansard, 16 September 2014, p. 52.9

[18]      Department of the Environment, Submission 15, p. 4.

[19]      Australian Fisheries Management Authority, Submission 11, p. 4; Department of the Environment, Submission 15, p. 4.

[20]      Department of the Environment, Submission 15, p. 11.

[21]      Australian Fisheries Management Authority, Submission 11, p. 4.

[22]      United Nations Agreement for the Implementation of the Provisions of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea of 10 December 1982 relating to the Conservation and Management of Straddling Fish Stocks and Highly Migratory Fish Stocks, done at New York 4 December 1995, entered into force for Australia 11 December 2001, [2001] ATS 8.

[23]      Dr Greg French, Committee Hansard, 26 September 2014, p. 23; Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, answer to question on notice following the 26 September public hearing, received 9 October 2014.

[24]      Mr Peter Venslovas, Committee Hansard, 26 September 2014, p. 26.

[25]      Immigration and Border Protection portfolio, answer to question taken on notice (Question 29) at Additional Budget Estimates hearing of the Legal and Constitutional Affairs Legislation Committee, 25 February 2014.

[26]      Mr Eldene O'Shea, Submission 7, p. 2.

[27]      Mr Eldene O'Shea, Submission 7, pp 2.

[28]      Austral Fisheries, Submission 13, p. 3.

[29]      Treaty between the Government of Australia and the Government of the French Republic on Cooperation in the Maritime Areas Adjacent to the French Southern and Antarctic Territories (TAAF), Heard Island and the McDonald Islands, done at Canberra 24 November 2003, entered into force 1 February 2005, [2005] ATS 6.

[30]      Agreement on Cooperative Enforcement of Fisheries Laws between the Government of Australia and the Government of the French Republic in the Maritime Areas Adjacent to the French Southern and Antarctic Territories, Heard Island and the McDonald Islands, done at Paris 8 January 2007, entered into force 7 January 2011, [2011] ATS 1; Department of the Environment, Submission 15, pp 4-5.

[31]      Australian Fisheries Management Authority, Submission 11, p. 5.

[32]      Dr Greg French, Committee Hansard, 26 September 2014, p. 20.

[33]      Mr Roman Quaedvlieg, Committee Hansard, 26 September 2014, p. 31.

[34]      Dr Sam Bateman and Dr Anthony Bergin, Submission 2, p. 3, Austral Fisheries, Submission 13, p. 4.

[35]      Dr Sam Bateman, Committee Hansard, 26 September 2014, p. 4.

[36]      Dr Greg French, Committee Hansard, 26 September 2014, pp 19-20.

[37]      Mr Roman Quaedvlieg, Committee Hansard, 26 September 2014, p. 32.

[38]      Austral Fisheries, Submission 13, p. 4.

[39]      Australian Fisheries Management Authority, Submission 11, p. 5.

[40]      Australian Fisheries Management Authority, Submission 11, p. 6.

[41]      Australian Customs and Border Protection Service, 'Customs and Border Protection Cape Class Patrol Boats', information sheet, October 2013.

[42]      Mr Roman Quaedvlieg, Committee Hansard, 26 September 2014, p. 31.

[43]      Dr Sam Bateman, Committee Hansard, 26 September 2014, p. 4.

[44]      Department of the Environment, Submission 15, p. 5.

[45]      Mr Jeff Hansen, Committee Hansard, 16 September 2014, p. 15.

[46]      Mr Peter Venslovas, Committee Hansard, 26 September 2014, p. 26.

[47]      Australian Fisheries Management Authority, Submission 11, p. 5.

[48]      Mr Roman Quadvlieg, Committee Hansard, 26 September 2014, p. 31.

[49]      Committee Hansard, 26 September 2014, pp 24-25.

[50]      Dr Greg French, Committee Hansard, 26 September 2014, p. 20.

[51]      Mr Peter Venslovas, Committee Hansard, 26 September 2014, p. 26.

[52]      Mr Peter Venslovas, Committee Hansard, 26 September 2014, p. 26.

[53]      Committee Hansard, 26 September 2014, p. 34.

[54]      Australian Fisheries Management Authority, Submission 11, p. 6.

[55]      Australian Fisheries Management Authority, Submission 11, p. 4.

[56]      The RPOA-IUU was established as a joint initiative of Australia and Indonesia, and the other participants are Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Timor-Leste and Vietnam. Australian Fisheries Management Authority, Submission 11, p. 7.

[57]      Mr Ian Thompson, Committee Hansard, 26 September 2014, pp 20-21.

[58]      Australian Fisheries Management Authority, Submission 11, p. 7.

[59]      Australian Fisheries Management Authority, Submission 11, pp 4, 8.

[60]      http://www.fao.org/fishery/topic/166283/en

[61]      Joint Standing Committee on Treaties, Report 139, 13 May 2014, pp 23-33.

[62]      EDO Tasmania, Submission 8, pp 3-4; Ms Jess Feehely, Committee Hansard, 16 September 2014, p. 11.

[63]      Law Council of Australia, Submission 19, pp 4-5.

[64]      Australian Fisheries Management Authority, Submission 11, p. 12.

[65]      AJ Press, 20 Year Australian Antarctic Strategic Plan, July 2014, p. 58.

[66]      Australian Fisheries Management Authority, Submission 11, pp 8-10.

[67]      See, for example, Ms Sharon Livermore, Committee Hansard, 16 September 2014, p. 17.

[68]      Humane Society International Inc v Kyodo Senpaku Kaisha Ltd [2008] FCA 3 (15 January 2008).

[69]      Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, response to question on notice following the 26 September public hearing, received 10 October 2014.

[70]      Dr Greg French, Committee Hansard, 26 September 2014, p. 22.

[71]      Mr Jeff Hansen, Committee Hansard, 16 September 2014, p. 12.

[72]      Mr Jeff Hansen, Committee Hansard, 16 September 2014, p. 20.

[73]      Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, 'Joint statement on whaling and safety at sea', Media Release, 20 December 2013.

[74]      Mr Jeff Hansen, Committee Hansard, 16 September 2014, p. 10.

[75]      Dr Nick Gales, Committee Hansard, 16 September 2014, p. 51.

[76]      International Fund for Animal Welfare, response to question on notice following the 16 September public hearing, received 9 October 2014, p. 3.

[77]      Dr Nick Gales, Committee Hansard, 16 September 2014, p. 57.

[78]      Andrew Darby, 'Whale research takes budget hits', The Age, 15 May 2014; Committee Hansard, 16 September 2014, p. 55.

[79]      Ms Sharon Livermore, Committee Hansard, 16 September 2014, p. 10; p. 13.

[80]      Ms Sharon Livermore, Committee Hansard, 16 September 2014, p. 17.

[81]      Department of the Environment, response to question on notice following the 16 September public hearing, received 13 October 2014.

Chapter 4 - Scientific research and the marine environment

[1]        Dr Bruce Mapstone, Committee Hansard, 16 September 2014, p. 41.

[2]        Dr Sam Bateman and Dr Anthony Bergin, Submission 2, p. 3.

[3]        Dr Bruce Mapstone, Committee Hansard, 16 September 2014, p. 41.

[4]        Professor Nathan Bindoff, Committee Hansard, 16 September 2014, p. 6.

[5]        Dr Bruce Mapstone, Committee Hansard, 16 September 2014, p. 48.

[6]        Professor Nathan Bindoff and Professor Philip Boyd, Committee Hansard, 16 September 2014, pp 6-7.

[7]        Professor Kurt Lambeck, Committee Hansard, 26 September 2014, p. 8.

[8]        Australian Government, Australian Antarctic Science Strategic Plan 2011-12 to 2020-21, March 2011, tabled by Dr Tony Fleming at the committee's public hearing on 16 September 2014, p. 13.

[9]        Dr Steve Rintoul, Committee Hansard, 16 September 2014, pp 45-46; Dr Nick Gales, Committee Hansard, 16 September 2014, p. 56.

[10]      Dr Steve Rintoul, Committee Hansard, 16 September 2014, p. 42.

[11]      Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, Submission 6, p. 4; Department of the Environment, Submission 15, p. 7.

[12]      Department of the Environment, Submission 15, p. 7.

[13]      Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, Submission 6, p. 2.

[14]      Department of the Environment, Submission 15, pp 7-8.

[15]      AJ Press, 20 Year Australian Antarctic Strategic Plan, July 2014, p. 49.

[16]      Department of the Environment, Submission 15, p. 7.

[17]      Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, Submission 6, p. 4.

[18]      EDO Tasmania, Submission 8, p. 4; Law Council of Australia, Submission 19, p. 5.

[19]      Ms Jess Feehely, Committee Hansard, 16 September 2014, p. 20.

[20]      Mr Martin Exel, Committee Hansard, 16 September 2014, p. 26.

[21]      Dr Julia Jabour, Committee Hansard, 16 September 2014, p. 2.

[22]      Mr Martin Exel, Committee Hansard, 16 September 2014, p. 22.

[23]      Professor Anthony Worby, Committee Hansard, 26 September 2014, p. 11.

[24]      Austral Fisheries, Submission 13, pp 4-5; Australian Fisheries Management Authority, Submission 11, p. 11. The 20 Year Strategic Plan also recommended the prioritisation of research in the HIMI territory and its surrounding waters: AJ Press, 20 Year Australian Antarctic Strategic Plan, July 2014, p. 55.

[25]      Australian Academy of Science, Submission 5, p. 2.

[26]      Department of the Environment, Submission 15, p. 10.

[27]      Dr Julia Jabour, Committee Hansard, 16 September 2014, p. 2.

[28]      Professor Kurt Lambeck, Committee Hansard, 26 September 2014, p. 9.

[29]      Australian Government, Australian Antarctic Science Strategic Plan 2011-12 to 2020-21, March 2011, tabled by Dr Tony Fleming at the committee's public hearing on 16 September 2014.

[30]      Department of the Environment, Submission 15, p. 8.

[31]      Department of the Environment, Submission 15, p. 9.

[32]      AJ Press, 20 Year Australian Antarctic Strategic Plan, July 2014, p. 60.

[33]      CSIRO, Submission 14, pp 5-6.

[34]      AJ Press, 20 Year Australian Antarctic Strategic Plan, July 2014, p. 33.

[35]      Professor Anthony Press, Committee Hansard, 16 September 2014, p. 61.

[36]      Australian Academy of Science, Submission 5, p. 4.

[37]      Department of the Environment, Submission 15, p. 13.

[38]      AJ Press, 20 Year Australian Antarctic Strategic Plan, July 2014, p. 30.

[39]      AJ Press, 20 Year Australian Antarctic Strategic Plan, July 2014, p. 32.

[40]      Professor Kurt Lambeck, Committee Hansard, 26 September 2014, p. 9.

[41]      Professor Anthony Press, Committee Hansard, 16 September 2014, p. 66.

[42]      The Hon Ian Macfarlane MP, Minister for Industry, 'Business leader appointed to review Cooperative Research Centres', Media Release, 16 September 2014.

[43]      Dr Anthony Worby and Professor Kurt Lambeck, Committee Hansard, 26 September 2014, pp 12-13.

[44]      Committee Hansard, 26 September 2014, pp 13-14.

[45]      Dr Steve Rintoul, Committee Hansard, 16 September 2014, p. 48.

[46]      Dr Sam Bateman, Committee Hansard, 26 September 2014, p. 5.

[47]      Department of the Environment, Submission 15, pp 13-14.

[48]      AJ Press, 20 Year Australian Antarctic Strategic Plan, July 2014, pp 34, 36.

[49]      Dr Steve Rintoul, Committee Hansard, 16 September 2014, p. 46.

[50]      Department of the Environment, Submission 15, p. 8.

[51]      Mr Timothy Lamb, Committee Hansard, 16 September 2014, p. 29.

[52]      Community and Public Sector Union, Submission 20, p. 2.

[53]      Mr Mark Green, Committee Hansard, 16 September 2014, p. 32.

[54]      Dr Steve Rintoul, Committee Hansard, 16 September 2014, p. 46.

[55]      Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research, Submission 3.

[56]      Professor Anthony Worby, Committee Hansard, 26 September 2014, p. 13.

[57]      Professor Anthony Press, Committee Hansard, 16 September 2014, p. 65.

[58]      Professor Philip Boyd, Committee Hansard, 16 September 2014, p. 9.

[59]      Australian Longline Pty Ltd, Submission 9, p. 2.

[60]      Mr Martin Exel, Committee Hansard, 16 September 2014, p. 23.

[61]      Dr Christopher Carson, Committee Hansard, 26 September 2014, p. 18.

[62]      Geoscience Australia, Submission 12, pp 11-12.

[63]      Geoscience Australia, Submission 12, pp 3, 7.

[64]      Geoscience Australia, Submission 12, p. 8.

[65]      Geoscience Australia, Submission 12, p. 3.

[66]      Geoscience Australia, Submission 12, p. 8.

[67]      CSIRO Marine National Facility, information sheet distributed to committee and oral briefing provided to the committee during tour of the RV Investigator, 15 September 2014, Hobart.

[68]      Geoscience Australia, Submission 12, pp 3, 10-11.

[69]      Geoscience Australia, Submission 12, pp 9-10.

Chapter 5 - Resourcing Australia's engagement: investment and reward

[1]        The Hon David Feeney MP, Submission 16, p. 9.

[2]        Dr Julia Jabour, Committee Hansard, 16 September 2014, p. 1.

[3]        Australian Strategic Policy Institute, 'Cold Calculations: Australia's Antarctic challenges', Strategic Insights, October 2013, p. 17.

[4]        Mrs Jessica Munday, Committee Hansard, 16 September 2014, p. 28.

[5]        Committee Hansard, 16 September 2014, p. 58.

[6]        Community and Public Sector Union, Submission 20, p. 2.

[7]        Dr Nick Gales, Committee Hansard, 16 September 2014, p. 56.

[8]        Mrs Jessica Munday, Committee Hansard, 16 September 2014, p. 30.

[9]        Professor Nathan Bindoff, Committee Hansard, 16 September 2014, p. 4.

[10]      Community and Public Sector Union, Submission 20, p. 3.

[11]      Department of the Environment, Submission 15, p. 12.

[12]      Professor Anthony Worby, Committee Hansard, 26 September 2014, p. 13.

[13]      Mr Timothy Lamb, Committee Hansard, 16 September 2014, p. 30.

[14]      Dr Tony Fleming, Committee Hansard, 16 September 2014, pp 56, 59.

[15]      AJ Press, 20 Year Australian Antarctic Strategic Plan, July 2014, p. 46.

[16]      AJ Press, 20 Year Australian Antarctic Strategic Plan, July 2014, p. 45.

[17]      Community and Public Sector Union, Submission 20, pp 3-4.

[18]      Mr Mark Green, Committee Hansard, 16 September 2014, p. 31.

[19]      Dr Bruce Mapstone, Committee Hansard, 16 September 2014, p. 43.

[20]      Australian Strategic Policy Institute, 'Cold Calculations: Australia's Antarctic challenges', Strategic Insights, October 2013, p. 18.

[21]      Department of the Environment, Submission 15, p. 12.

[22]      Professor Kurt Lambeck, Committee Hansard, 26 September 2014, p. 8.

[23]      Committee Hansard, 16 September 2014, p. 52; CSIRO, Submission 14, p. 8.

[24]      Department of the Environment, Submission 15, p. 13.

[25]      Community and Public Sector Union, Submission 20, p. 3.

[26]      Professor Philip Boyd, Committee Hansard, 16 September 2014, p. 7.

[27]      Dr Julia Jabour, Committee Hansard, 16 September 2014, p. 2.

[28]      Department of the Environment, Submission 15, p. 12.

[29]      Dr Sam Bateman, Committee Hansard, 26 September 2014, p. 5.

[30]      AJ Press, 20 Year Australian Antarctic Strategic Plan, July 2014, p. 21.

[31]      AJ Press, 20 Year Australian Antarctic Strategic Plan, July 2014, pp 21-22.

[32]      CSIRO Marine National Facility, Investigator, information sheet distributed to committee, 15 September 2014, Hobart.

[33]      Ms Toni Moate, Committee Hansard, 16 September 2014, p. 44.

[34]      Dr Bruce Mapstone and Dr Steve Rintoul, Committee Hansard, 16 September 2014, p. 42.

[35]      Mr Roman Quaedvlieg, Committee Hansard, 26 September 2014, p. 30.

[36]      Mr Roman Quaedvlieg, Committee Hansard, 26 September 2014, p. 30.

[37]      Mr Tyson Sara, Committee Hansard, 26 September 2014, p. 19.

[38]      Department of Defence, Submission 22, p. 1.

[39]      Dr Bruce Mapstone, Committee Hansard, 16 September 2014, pp 43-44.

[40]      Dr Nick Gales, Committee Hansard, 16 September 2014, p. 55.

[41]      Committee Hansard, 16 September 2014, p. 44-45.

[42]      AJ Press, 20 Year Australian Antarctic Strategic Plan, July 2014, p. 32.

[43]      Dr Sam Bateman and Dr Anthony Bergin, Submission 2, pp 2-3.

[44]      Dr Sam Bateman, Committee Hansard, 26 September 2014, p. 1.

[45]      Dr Sam Bateman and Dr Anthony Bergin, Submission 2, p. 4.

[46]      Dr Sam Bateman, Committee Hansard, 26 September 2014, pp 1-2.

[47]      Dr Sam Bateman, Committee Hansard, 26 September 2014, p. 3.

[48]      Dr Sam Bateman and Dr Anthony Bergin, Submission 2, p. 4.

[49]      Dr Sam Bateman, Committee Hansard, 26 September 2014, p. 2.

[50]      Dr Sam Bateman and Dr Anthony Bergin, Submission 2, p. 4.

[51]      Dr Sam Bateman, Committee Hansard, 26 September  2014, p. 3.

[52]      CSIRO Annual Directions Statement 2014, May 2014, p. 3.

[53]      ABC News online, 'European shipbuilders short-listed to build Aurora Australis replacement', 19 May 2014, at http://www.abc.net.au/news/2014-05-19/overseas-countries-short-listed-to-build-aurora-australis-repla/5462594

[54]      The other four are Christchurch, New Zealand; Punta Arenas, Chile; Ushuaia, Argentina and Capetown, South Africa. Professor Denzil Miller, Committee Hansard, 16 September 2014, p. 38.

[55]      Tasmanian Government, Submission 4, p. 1.

[56]      AJ Press, 20 Year Australian Antarctic Strategic Plan, July 2014, p. 37.

[57]      In evidence to the committee, Professor Anthony Worby cited an earlier study which found that the return on investment was around $3.50 to $4.00 for every dollar spent. Committee Hansard, 26 September 2014, p. 11.

[58]      Tasmanian Government, Submission 4, p. 1; AJ Press, 20 Year Australian Antarctic Strategic Plan, July 2014, p. 37.

[59]      Professor Nathan Bindoff, Committee Hansard, 16 September 2014, p. 4.

[60]      Tasmanian Government, Submission 4, p. 1.

[61]      AJ Press, 20 Year Australian Antarctic Strategic Plan, July 2014, p. 37

[62]      Professor Denzil Miller, Committee Hansard, 16 September 2014, p. 38.

[63]      Tasmanian Government, Submission 4, p. 2.

[64]      Professor Denzil Miller, Committee Hansard, 16 September 2014, p. 37.

[65]      Committee Hansard, 16 September 2014, pp 37-38.

[66]      Professor Denzil Miller, Committee Hansard, 16 September 2014, p. 38.

[67]      Committee Hansard, 16 September 2014, pp 63-64.

[68]      Professor Denzil Miller, Committee Hansard, 16 September 2014, p. 37.

[69]      Professor Nathan Bindoff, Committee Hansard, 16 September 2014, p. 4.

[70]      Tasmanian Government, Submission 4, p. 3.

[71]      Professor Denzil Miller, Committee Hansard, 16 September 2014, p. 36.

[72]      AJ Press, 20 Year Australian Antarctic Strategic Plan, July 2014, p. 39.

[73]      AJ Press, 20 Year Australian Antarctic Strategic Plan, July 2014, pp 39-42.

[74]      Professor Anthony Press, Committee Hansard, 16 September 2014, p. 63.

[75]      AJ Press, 20 Year Australian Antarctic Strategic Plan, July 2014, pp 19-20.

[76]      Tasmanian Government, Submission 4, p. 4.

[77]      Austral Fisheries, Submission 13, p. 5.

[78]      Committee Hansard, 26 September 2014, p. 12.

[79]      AJ Press, 20 Year Australian Antarctic Strategic Plan, July 2014, p. 26.

[80]      The Hon David Feeney MP, Submission 16, p. 28.

Chapter 6 - Conclusion

[1]        Professor Denzil Miller, Committee Hansard, 16 September 2014, p. 39.