Footnotes

Chapter 1

[1]        Nina Markovic and Nick Fuller, Climate change negotiations, Parliamentary Library Background Note, 26 August 2008, updated 2 October 2008. (accessed 15 April 2009).

[2]        Each country's Kyoto target is expressed as a level of permitted emissions. These emissions are divided into 'assigned amount units'.

[3]        Parliamentary Library, The Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change Web Publication, (accessed 24 November 2008); United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, Emissions Trading, (accessed 15 April 2009).

[4]        Parliamentary Library, The Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change Web Publication, (accessed 24 November 2008).

[5]        Australian Government, Australia's Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Fact sheet, December 2008, http://www.climatechange.gov.au/whitepaper/factsheets/index.html (accessed 25 April 2009).

[6]        Australian Government, Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme: Australia's Low Pollution Future – White Paper. December 2008, p. iv.

[7]        Department of Climate Change, 'Strengthening Australia's 2020 carbon pollution target', Fact sheet, May 2009.

[8]        Professor Ross Garnaut, Garnaut Climate Change Review: Final Report, 2008, pp 65 and 291.

[9]        The energy sector includes stationary energy, transport and fugitive emissions.

[10]      See Professor Garnaut, Garnaut Climate Change Review: Final Report, 2008, chapter 7.

[11]      Mr Daniel Price, Managing Director, Frontier Economics, Committee Hansard, 2 April 2009, p. 12.

[12]      Mr Christopher Fitzhardinge, Director, South West Group, Committee Hansard, 17 November 2008, p. 89.

[13]      Parliamentary Library, National Reviews, Climate Change Web Publication, (accessed 24 November 2008).

[14]      Dr Martin Parkinson, Secretary, Department of Climate Change, Senate Standing Committee on Economics Committee Hansard, 18 March 2009, p. 2.

[15]      Parliamentary Library, National Reviews, Climate Change Web Publication, (accessed 24 November 2008); Dr Parkinson, Department of Climate Change, Senate Standing Committee on Economics Committee Hansard, 18 March 2009, p. 2.

[16]      Professor Ross Garnaut, Senate Select Committee on Climate Policy, Committee Hansard, 16 April 2009, p. 56.

[17]      Leslie Nielson, Emissions – who is trading what?, Parliamentary Library Background Note, 15 August 2008, (accessed 15 April 2009).

[18]      Leslie Nielson, Emissions – who is trading what?, Parliamentary Library Background Note, 15 August 2008, (accessed 15 April 2009).

[19]      Ms Amy Lomas, Assistant Director, Emissions Trading Unit, Department of Treasury and Finance, Western Australia, Committee Hansard, 18 February 2009, pp 19-20.

[20]      Australian Labor Party, 'A new target for reducing Australia's carbon pollution', Media statement, 4 May 2009.

Chapter 2 - International and Domestic Context and Policy Options

[1]        Australian Government, Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme: Australia's Low Pollution Future – White Paper (White Paper), December 2008, p. 2.1.

[2]        Australian Government, White Paper, December 2008, p. 3.2.

[3]        Australian Government, White Paper, December 2008, p. 3.1.

[4]        Australian Government, White Paper, December 2008, p. 3.2.

[5]        Australian Government, White Paper, December 2008, pp 3.2 and 4.1.

[6]        Australian Government, White Paper, December 2008, p. xv.

[7]        Australian Government, White Paper, December 2008, p. 1.8.

[8]        Australian Government, White Paper, December 2008, pp 1.10‑1.11.

[9]        Australian Government, White Paper, December 2008, pp xxiv and 1.11.

[10]      Australian Government, White Paper, December 2008, pp xxiv‑xxv and 1.12‑1.13.

[11]      Australian Government, White Paper, December 2008, pp xxiv‑xxv, 1.12‑1.13 and 3.7.

[12]      Australian Government, White Paper, December 2008, pp xxiv‑xxv and 1.12‑1.13.

[13]      Professor Warwick McKibbin, Committee Hansard, 19 February 2009, p. 67.

[14]      ExxonMobil Australia, Submission 66, p. 2.

[15]      Mr Mark Proegler, Director, Environmental Policy, BP Australia, Committee Hansard, 17 February 2009, p. 43.

[16]      Dr Brian Fisher, Concept Economics, A Peer Review of the Treasury Modelling of the Economic Impacts of Reducing Emissions, 30 January 2009, p. 25.

[17]      Mr Owen Pascoe, Climate Change Campaigner, Australian Conservation Foundation, Committee Hansard, 2 February 2009, pp 78 and 81.

[18]      Professor Anthony Owen, Energy Economics, Curtin University of Technology (CUT), Committee Hansard, 17 November 2008, p. 43.

[19]      BP Australia, Submission 68, p. 11; ExxonMobil Australia, Submission 66, p. 9.

[20]      Mr Stephen Gale, Regional Director Climate Change, Futureworld National Centre for Appropriate Technology, Committee Hansard, 1 April 2009, p. 6.

[21]      Professor Anthony Owen, CUT, Committee Hansard, 17 November 2008, p. 41.

[22]      Dr Brian Fisher, Committee Hansard, 2 April 2009, pp 51 and 54.

[23]      Dr Fisher, Committee Hansard, 2 April 2009, p. 58.

[24]      Professor McKibbin, Committee Hansard, 19 February 2009, p. 78.

[25]      Mr Andrew Richards, Executive Manager, Government and Corporate Affairs, Pacific Hydro, Committee Hansard, 2 April 2009, p. 44.

[26]      International Energy Agency, Coal Information (2008 edition), Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD)/ International Energy Agency (IEA), 2008, p. I/17; IEA, World Energy Outlook 2008, IEA/OECD, 2008, pp 119-121.

[27]      IEA, Natural Gas Information (2008 edition), OECD/IEA, 2008, pp II.20 and II.39; IEA, World Energy Outlook 2008, IEA/OECD, 2008, pp 131-134.

[28]      Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, Composition of Trade 2007-08, November 2008, pp 8-9.

[29]      Leslie Nielson, The European Emissions Trading System – lessons for Australia, Parliamentary Library Research Paper, no. 3, 2007‑08, 20 August 2008, pp 3-4.

[30]      Leslie Nielson, The European Emissions Trading System – lessons for Australia, Parliamentary Library Research Paper, no. 3, 2007‑08, 20 August 2008, pp 4‑6.

[31]      Leslie Nielson, The European Emissions Trading System – lessons for Australia, Parliamentary Library Research Paper, no. 3, 2007‑08, 20 August 2008, pp 4‑6.

[32]      Leslie Nielson, The European Emissions Trading System – lessons for Australia, Parliamentary Library Research Paper, no. 3, 2007‑08, 20 August 2008, pp 6–7, 9-12 and 14-15,

[33]      Leslie Nielson, The European Emissions Trading System – lessons for Australia, Parliamentary Library Research Paper, no. 3, 2007‑08, 20 August 2008, pp 4‑7.

[34]      Leslie Nielson, The European Emissions Trading System – lessons for Australia, Parliamentary Library Research Paper, no. 3, 2007‑08, 20 August 2008, pp 15‑16.

[35]      Brendan Pearson, Deputy Chief Executive, Minerals Council of Australia, http://www.minerals.org.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0012/33222/Op-ed_ETS_07-01-09.pdf (accessed 7 May 2009).

[36]      Leslie Nielson, The European Emissions Trading System – lessons for Australia, Parliamentary Library Research Paper, no. 3, 2007‑08, 20 August 2008, p. 13.

[37]      Leslie Nielson, The European Emissions Trading System – lessons for Australia, Parliamentary Library Research Paper, no. 3, 2007‑08, 20 August 2008, pp 13-14.

[38]      Leslie Nielson, Emissions– who is trading what?, Parliamentary Library Background Note, 15 August 2008, https://www.aph.gov.au/Library/pubs/BN/2008-09/emissions.htm (accessed 15 April 2009).

[39]      See Leslie Nielson, Emissions– who is trading what?, Parliamentary Library Background Note, 15 August 2008, https://www.aph.gov.au/Library/pubs/BN/2008-09/emissions.htm (accessed 15 April 2009).

[40]      Centre for International Economics, Review of the proposed CPRS, April 2009, pp 14 and 88.

[41]      Dr Brian Fisher, Concept Economics, A Peer Review of the Treasury Modelling of the Economic Impacts of Reducing Emissions, 30 January 2009, p. 27.

[42]      Parliamentary Library, Canadian emissions trading scheme, Climate Change Web Publication, https://www.aph.gov.au/Library/Pubs/ClimateChange/governance/foreign/canadian.htm (accessed 16 April 2009).

[43]      Parliamentary Library, Canadian emissions trading scheme, Climate Change Web Publication, https://www.aph.gov.au/Library/Pubs/ClimateChange/governance/foreign/canadian.htm (accessed 16 April 2009).

[44]      Centre for International Economics, Review of the proposed CPRS, April 2009, p. 69.

[45]      Centre for International Economics, Review of the proposed CPRS, April 2009, p. 88.

[46]      Centre for International Economics, Review of the proposed CPRS, April 2009, p. 88.

[47]      Parliamentary Library, Canadian emissions trading scheme, Climate Change Web Publication, https://www.aph.gov.au/Library/Pubs/ClimateChange/governance/foreign/canadian.htm (accessed 16 April 2009).

[48]      Parliamentary Library, Canadian emissions trading scheme, Climate Change Web Publication, https://www.aph.gov.au/Library/Pubs/ClimateChange/governance/foreign/canadian.htm (accessed 16 April 2009).

[49]      Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, Composition of Trade 2007-08, November 2008, pp 5 and 223-224.

[50]      Australian Government, White Paper, December 2008, p. xviii.

[51]      New Zealand's Climate Change Solutions, Implementing the emissions trading scheme, 15 September 2008, http://www.climatechange.govt.nz/emissions-trading-scheme/implementing/index.html (accessed 16 April 2009).

[52]      Terms of Reference of New Zealand Select Committee undertaking the Emissions Trading Scheme Review, http://www.parliament.nz/en-NZ/PB/SC/Details/EmissionsTrading/9/b/e/00SCETS_TOR_1-Terms-of-reference-of-the-Emissions-Trading-Scheme-Review.htm (accessed 6 May 2009).

[53]      Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, Composition of Trade 2007-08, November 2008, pp 200-201.

[54]      Leslie Nielson, Emissions– who is trading what?, Parliamentary Library Background Note, 15 August 2008, https://www.aph.gov.au/Library/pubs/BN/2008-09/emissions.htm (accessed 15 April 2009).

[55]      Alan Moran, Japan and Global Warming Policies, Occasional Paper, Institute of Public Affairs, November 2008, http://ipa.org.au/sectors/energy/publication/1447/japan-and-global-warming-policies (accessed 29 April 2009).

[56]      Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, Composition of Trade 2007-08, November 2008, p. 154.

[57]      Dr Brian Fisher, Concept Economics, A Peer Review of the Treasury Modelling of the Economic Impacts of Reducing Emissions, 30 January 2009, pp 29-30.

[58]      Leslie Nielson, Climate change policy: Brazil, China, India and Russia, Parliamentary Library Background Note, 25 February 2009, https://www.aph.gov.au/Library/pubs/BN/2008-09/ClimateChange.htm (accessed 11 March 2009).

[59]      Leslie Nielson, Climate change policy: Brazil, China, India and Russia, Parliamentary Library Background Note, 25 February 2009, https://www.aph.gov.au/Library/pubs/BN/2008-09/ClimateChange.htm (accessed 11 March 2009).

[60]      Leslie Nielson, Climate change policy: Brazil, China, India and Russia, Parliamentary Library Background Note, 25 February 2009, https://www.aph.gov.au/Library/pubs/BN/2008-09/ClimateChange.htm (accessed 11 March 2009).

[61]      Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, Composition of Trade 2007-08, November 2008, pp 8 and 186-187.

[62]      Leslie Nielson, Climate change policy: Brazil, China, India and Russia, Parliamentary Library Background Note, 25 February 2009, https://www.aph.gov.au/Library/pubs/BN/2008-09/ClimateChange.htm (accessed 11 March 2009).

[63]      Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, Composition of Trade 2007-08, November 2008, p. 142; Australian Bureau of Agricultural and Resource Economics, Commodity Statistical Bulletin 2008.

[64]      Australian Bureau of Agricultural and Resource Economics, Australian Commodity Statistics 2008, Australian Government, 2008, Table 241, p. 243.

[65]      Leslie Nielson, Climate change policy: Brazil, China, India and Russia, Parliamentary Library Background Note, 25 February 2009, https://www.aph.gov.au/Library/pubs/BN/2008-09/ClimateChange.htm (accessed 11 March 2009).

[66]      Leslie Nielson, Climate change policy: Brazil, China, India and Russia, Parliamentary Library Background Note, 25 February 2009, https://www.aph.gov.au/Library/pubs/BN/2008-09/ClimateChange.htm (accessed 11 March 2009).

[67]      Leslie Nielson, Climate change policy: Brazil, China, India and Russia, Parliamentary Library Background Note, 25 February 2009, https://www.aph.gov.au/Library/pubs/BN/2008-09/ClimateChange.htm (accessed 11 March 2009).

[68]      Leslie Nielson, Climate change policy: Brazil, China, India and Russia, Parliamentary Library Background Note, 25 February 2009, https://www.aph.gov.au/Library/pubs/BN/2008-09/ClimateChange.htm (accessed 11 March 2009).

[69]      International Energy Agency, World Energy Outlook 2008, 2008, pp 131-134.

[70]      Australian Bureau of Agricultural and Resource Economics, Australian Commodity Statistics 2008, 2008, p. 243.

[71]      Senator Mathias Cormann, Chair of the Senate Select Committee on Fuel and Energy, and Mr Barry Sterland, Acting Deputy Secretary, Department of Climate Change, Committee Hansard, 2 April 2009, p. 65.

[72]      Ms Meghan Quinn, Manager, Climate Change Modelling Division, Department of the Treasury, Committee Hansard, 2 April 2009, p. 66.

[73]      Mr Andrew Canion, Senior Adviser, Industry Policy, Chamber of Commerce and Industry of Western Australia, Committee Hansard, 17 November 2008, p. 12.

[74]      Professor Owen, CUT, Committee Hansard, 17 November 2008, p. 41.

[75]      Ms Quinn, Department of the Treasury, Committee Hansard, 2 April 2009, p. 67.

[76]      Dr Brian Fisher, Concept Economics, A Peer Review of the Treasury Modelling of the Economic Impacts of Reducing Emissions, 30 January 2009, p. 26.

[77]      See Australian Petroleum Production and Exploration Association, Committee Hansard, 19 November 2008; Cement Industry Federation, Committee Hansard, 19 November 2008; Australian Aluminium Council, Committee Hansard, 19 November 2008; Chevron Australia, Committee Hansard, 18 February 2009; BlueScope Steel, Committee Hansard, 1 April 2009; Cement Australia, Committee Hansard, 7 April 2009.

[78]      Shell Australia, Submission 60, p. 9.

[79]      Mr Michael Ison, Acting Executive Director, Australian Aluminium Council, Committee Hansard, 19 November 2008, p. 38; Mr Noel Cornish, Chief Executive, BlueScope Steel, Committee Hansard, 1 April 2009, p. 32.

[80]      Mr David Pearce, Executive Director, Centre for International Economics (CIE), Committee Hansard, 2 April 2009, p. 32.

[81]      Mr Daniel Price, Managing Director, Frontier Economics, Committee Hansard, 2 April 2009, p. 23.

[82]      Mr John Torkington, Senior Adviser on Climate Change Policy, Chevron Australia, Committee Hansard, 18 February 2009, p. 23.

[83]      Ms Belinda Robinson, Chief Executive, Australian Petroleum Production and Exploration Association, Committee Hansard, 19 November 2008, p. 29.

[84]      Dr Brian Fisher, Concept Economics, A Peer Review of the Treasury Modelling of the Economic Impacts of Reducing Emissions, 30 January 2009, p. 30.

[85]      Mr Peter Coates, Chairman, and Mr Mitchell Hooke, Chief Executive, Minerals Council of Australia (MCA), Committee Hansard, 8 December 2008, pp 4-5.

[86]      See evidence from Cement Industry Federation, Committee Hansard, 19 November 2008, p. 97; Australian Aluminium Council, Committee Hansard, 8 December 2008, pp 29, 34 and 37; Hydro Aluminium Kurri Kurri, Submission 78, [p. 3].

[87]      Mr Torkington, Chevron Australia, Committee Hansard, 18 February 2009, pp 28‑29.

[88]      Ms Clare Savage, Acting Chief Executive Officer, Energy Supply Association of Australia (ESAA), Committee Hansard, 2 February 2009, p. 26.

[89]      Mr Proegler, BP Australia, Committee Hansard, 17 February 2009, p. 47.

[90]      Ms Savage, ESAA, Committee Hansard, 2 February 2009, p. 15.

[91]      Mr Michael Hitchens, Chief Executive Officer, Australian Industry Greenhouse Network (AIGN), Committee Hansard, 2 February 2009, p. 36.

[92]      Professor Owen, CUT, Committee Hansard, 17 November 2008, p. 41.

[93]      Mr Price, Frontier Economics, Committee Hansard, 2 April 2009, p. 22.

[94]      Dr Raymond Wills, Chief Executive Officer, Western Australian Sustainable Energy Association (WASEA), Committee Hansard, 17 November 2008, p. 51.

[95]      Mr Proegler, BP Australia, Committee Hansard, 17 February 2009, p. 49.

[96]      Professor McKibbin, Committee Hansard, 19 February 2009, p. 66.

[97]      See the National Farmers Federation, Committee Hansard, 19 November 2008, p. 11; Professor McKibbin, Committee Hansard, 19 February 2009, pp 74-75.

[98]      Mr Michael Keogh, Executive Director, Australian Farm Institute, Committee Hansard, 19 February 2009, p. 39.

[99]      Mr Coates, MCA, Committee Hansard, 8 December 2008, p. 2.

[100]    Professor Owen, CUT, Committee Hansard, 17 November 2008, p. 44.

[101]    Professor Owen, CUT, Committee Hansard, 17 November 2008, pp 41 and 44‑45.

[102]    Professor McKibbin, Committee Hansard, 19 February 2009, p. 65.

[103]    Mr Price, Frontier Economics, Committee Hansard, 2 April 2009, p. 12.

[104]    Mr Price, Frontier Economics, Committee Hansard, 2 April 2009, p. 12.

[105]    Mr Price, Frontier Economics, Committee Hansard, 2 April 2009, p. 21.

[106]    Mr Peter Laver, Vice President and Fellow, Australian Academy of Technological Sciences and Engineering, Committee Hansard, 17 February 2009, p. 13.

[107]    Mr Hitchens, (AIGN), Committee Hansard, 2 February 2009, p. 37; Mr Alan Thomas, General Manager Engineering, Technology and Environment, BlueScope Steel, Committee Hansard, 1 April 2009, p. 33.

[108]    Professor McKibbin, Committee Hansard, 19 February 2009, p. 66.

[109]    Professor McKibbin, Committee Hansard, 19 February 2009, p. 78.

[110]    Mr Pearce, CIE, Committee Hansard, 2 April 2009, p. 25.

[111]    Dr Fisher, Committee Hansard, 2 April 2009, p. 58.

[112]    Mr Noel Cornish, Chief Executive, BlueScope Steel, Committee Hansard, 1 April 2009, p. 28.

[113]    Mr Peter Morris, Director, Economic Policy, Australian Coal Association, Committee Hansard, 2 February 2009, p. 61.

[114]    Mr Pearce, CIE, Committee Hansard, 2 April 2009, p. 31.

[115]    Dr Wills, WASEA, Committee Hansard, 17 November 2008, p 53.

[116]    Dr Wills, WASEA, Committee Hansard, 17 November 2008, p 53.

[117]    Mr Price, Frontier Economics, Committee Hansard, 2 April 2009, p. 11.

[118]    Mr Price, Frontier Economics, Committee Hansard, 2 April 2009, p. 24.

[119]    Australian Government, White Paper, December 2008, p. xvi.

[120]    Mr Paul Howes, National Secretary, Australian Workers' Union (AWU), Committee Hansard, 2 February 2009, p. 73.

[121]    Australian Government, White Paper, December 2008, p. xvi.

[122]    Ms Savage, ESAA, Committee Hansard, 2 February 2009, p. 29.

[123]    Mr Andrew Blyth, Chief Executive Officer, Energy Networks Association (ENA), Committee Hansard, 2 February 2009, p. 44.

[124]    Mr Hooke, MCA, Committee Hansard, 8 December 2008, p. 11. See also pages 3-11.

[125]    Mr Hooke, MCA, Committee Hansard, 8 December 2008, p. 11.

[126]    Mr Coates, MCA, Committee Hansard, 8 December 2008, p. 3.

[127]    Mr Cornish, BlueScope Steel, Committee Hansard, 1 April 2009, p. 35.

[128]    Mr Cornish, BlueScope Steel, Committee Hansard, 1 April 2009, p. 35.

[129]    Councillor George Creed, Mayor, Gladstone Regional Council, Committee Hansard, 7 April 2009, p. 23.

[130]    Mr Peter Eggleston, External Affairs Manager, Chevron Australia, Committee Hansard, 18 February 2009, pp 25-26.

[131]    Mr Gregory Evans, Director, Economics, Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, Committee Hansard, 8 December 2008, pp 66 and 64.

[132]    Mr Howes, AWU, Committee Hansard, 2 February 2009, p. 72.

[133]    Mr Howes, AWU, Committee Hansard, 2 February 2009, p. 76.

[134]    Mr Stuart Ritchie, National Sustainability Manager, Cement Australia, Committee Hansard, 7 April 2009, p. 6.

[135]    Mr Cornish, BlueScope Steel, Committee Hansard, 1 April 2009, p. 30.

[136]    Mr Cornish, BlueScope Steel, Committee Hansard, 1 April 2009, p. 30.

[137]    Mr Ralph Hillman, Executive Director, Australian Coal Association, Committee Hansard, 2 April 2009, p. 3.

[138]    Advice provided by the Parliamentary Library.

[139]    This excludes solar, wave and geothermal.

[140]    Ms Amy Lomas, Assistant Director, Emissions Trading Unit, Department of Treasury and Finance, Western Australia, Committee Hansard, 17 November 2008, p. 113.

[141]    Mr Tony Westmore, Senior Policy Officer (Electricity), Australian Council of Social Service, Committee Hansard, 19 February 2009, p. 2.

[142]    Energy Supply Association of Australia (ESAA), Submission 74, p. 1.

[143]    Mr John Boshier, Executive Director, National Generators Forum, Committee Hansard, 2 February 2009, pp 2-3.

[144]    Mr Howes, AWU, Committee Hansard, 2 February 2009, p. 73.

[145]    Mr Graham Armstrong, Associate Consultant, National Institute of Economic and Industry Research, Committee Hansard, 17 February 2009, p. 23.

[146]    ResourcesLaw International, Submission 79, p. 4.

[147]    Mr Blyth, ENA, Committee Hansard, 2 February 2009, p. 44.

[148]    Mr Shane Cremin, Market Development Manager, Griffin Energy, Committee Hansard, 18 February 2009, p. 3.

[149]    Dr Paul Simshauser, Director, National Generators Forum, Committee Hansard, 2 February 2009, p. 7.

[150]    Mr Phil Southwell, General Manager, Strategy and Corporate Affairs, Western Power, Committee Hansard, 17 November 2008, pp 25 and 30.

[151]    Mr Southwell, Western Power, Committee Hansard, 17 November 2008, pp 27 and 30.

[152]    Mr Southwell, Western Power, Committee Hansard, 17 November 2008, p. 31.

[153]    Mr Paul Graham, Theme Leader, Energy Futures, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Committee Hansard, 19 November 2008, p. 20.

[154]    Dr Michael Ottaviano, Managing Director, Carnegie Corporation, Committee Hansard, 17 November 2008, p. 64.

[155]    Dr Ottaviano, Carnegie Corporation, Committee Hansard, 17 November 2008, p. 63.

[156]    Dr Ottaviano, Carnegie Corporation, Committee Hansard, 17 November 2008, p. 70.

[157]    Mr Graham, CSIRO, Committee Hansard, 19 November 2008, p. 19.

[158]    Mr Southwell, Western Power, Committee Hansard, 17 November 2008, p. 27.

[159]    Mr Blyth, ENA, Committee Hansard, 2 February 2009, p. 50.

[160]    Mr Southwell, Western Power, Committee Hansard, 17 November 2008, pp 34-35.

Chapter 3 - The Proposed Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme

[1]        Australian Government, Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme: Australia's Low Pollution Future – White Paper (White Paper), December 2008, p. 1.9.

[2]        Australian Government, Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme: Green Paper (Green Paper), July 2008, p. 9.

[3]        Australian Government, Green Paper, July 2008, p. 11.

[4]        Australian Government, Green Paper, July 2008, p. 12.

[5]        Australian Government, 3. Scheme Coverage, Fact Sheet, July 2008, available at HHUUhttp://www.climatechange.gov.au/greenpaper/factsheets/index.htmlUUHH (accessed 21 April 2009).

[6]        Australian Government, 3. Scheme Coverage, Fact Sheet, July 2008, available at HHUUhttp://www.climatechange.gov.au/greenpaper/factsheets/index.htmlUUHH (accessed 21 April 2009).

[7]        Australian Government, Green Paper, July 2008, pp 23‑24.

[8]        Australian Government, Green Paper, July 2008, pp 23 and 31.

[9]        Australian Government, Green Paper, July 2008, pp 24‑31.

[10]      Parliamentary Library, Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme, Climate Change Web Publication, HHUUhttps://www.aph.gov.au/library/pubs/ClimateChange/governance/domestic/national/cprs.htmUUHH (accessed 15 April 2009).

[11]      Australian Government, White Paper, December 2008, p. 4.17.

[12]      Australian Government, White Paper, December 2008, p. 4.20.

[13]      Australian Government, White Paper, December 2008, p. 4.23.

[14]      Australian Government, White Paper, December 2008, p. xxxi.

[15]      Australian Government, White Paper, December 2008, p. lxvi.

[16]      Australian Government, White Paper, December 2008, p. lxix.

[17]      Australian Government, White Paper, December 2008, p. 12.73.

[18]      Australian Government, White Paper, December 2008, p. B.5.

[19]      Australian Industry Greenhouse Network (AIGN), answer to written question on notice, 14 January 2009 (received 23 January 2009).

[20]      AIGN, answer to written question on notice, 14 January 2009 (received 23 January 2009).

[21]      Australian Aluminium Council (AAC), answer to written question on notice, 14 January 2009 (received 28 January 2009).

[22]      AAC, answer to written question on notice, 14 January 2009 (received 28 January 2009).

[23]      DomGas Alliance, answer to written question on notice, 14 January 2009 (received 23 January 2009).

[24]      Qantas, answer to written question on notice, 14 January 2009 (received 13 February 2009).

[25]      South West Group, answer to written question on notice, 14 January 2009 (received 21 January 2009).

[26]      See evidence from Mackay Regional Council, Committee Hansard, 6 April 2009, pp 32 and 33; Gladstone Regional Council, answer to question on notice, 7 April 2009 (received 24 April 2009); Wollongong City Council, Submission 90, pp 2-3.

[27]      Mr Barry Omundson, Director, Commercial Services, Mackay Regional Council and Councillor Darryl Camilleri, Deputy Mayor, Mackay Regional Council, Committee Hansard, 6 April 2009, pp 32 and 33.

[28]      Energy Supply Association of Australia, Submission 74, p. 7.

[29]      Australian Petroleum Production and Exploration Association, answer to written question on notice, 14 January 2009 (received 30 January 2009).

[30]      Mr Barry Sterland, Acting Deputy Secretary, Department of Climate Change, Committee Hansard, 2 April 2009, pp 62-63.

[31]      Australian Labor Party, 'A package of new measures for the CPRS', Media statement, 4 May 2009.

[32]      See also 'Policy options' section in chapter 2.

[33]      Professor Ross Garnaut, Garnaut Climate Change Review: Draft Report, p. 2.

[34]      Mr Michael Hitchens, Chief Executive Officer, Australian Industry Greenhouse Network (AIGN), Committee Hansard, 2 February 2009, p. 35.

[35]      Mr Tony Westmore, Senior Policy Officer (Electricity), Australian Council of Social Service (ACOSS), Committee Hansard, 19 February 2009, p. 13.

[36]      Ms Fiona Wain, Chief Executive Officer, Environment Business Australia, Committee Hansard, 19 February 2009, pp 20-21.

[37]      Mr Andrew Richards, Executive Manager, Government and Corporate Affairs, Pacific Hydro, Committee Hansard, 2 April 2009, p. 40.

[38]      Professor Warwick McKibbin, Committee Hansard, 19 February 2009, p. 65.

[39]      Professor McKibbin, Committee Hansard, 19 February 2009, p. 65.

[40]      Mr Owen Pascoe, Climate Change Campaigner, Australian Conservation Foundation (ACF), Committee Hansard, 2 February 2009, pp 77-78.

[41]      Dr Brian Fisher, Committee Hansard, 2 April 2009, p. 52.

[42]      Mr Alan Thomas, General Manager Engineering, Technology and Environment, BlueScope Steel, Committee Hansard, 1 April 2009, p. 28.

[43]      Mrs Robyn Bain, Chief Executive Officer, Cement Industry Federation, Committee Hansard, 19 November 2008, p. 107.

[44]      Mr Michael Ison, Acting Executive Director, Australian Aluminium Council (AAC), Committee Hansard, 8 December 2008, p. 38.

[45]      Senator David Bushby, Member of the Senate Select Committee on Fuel and Energy, and Mr Ison, AAC, Committee Hansard, 8 December 2008, p. 38.

[46]      Mr Andrew Canion, Senior Adviser, Industry Policy, Chamber of Commerce and Industry (CCI) of Western Australia, Committee Hansard, 17 November 2008, p. 14.

[47]      Mr Mitchell Hooke, Chief Executive, Minerals Council of Australia (MCA), Committee Hansard, 8 December 2008, p. 5.

[48]      Mr Gordon Keen, ANZ GHG Issue Manager, ExxonMobil Australia, Committee Hansard, 8 December 2008, pp 42‑43.

[49]      Mr John Torkington, Senior Adviser on Climate Change Policy, Chevron Australia, Committee Hansard, 18 February 2009, pp 26‑27.

[50]      Chamber of Commerce and Industry of Western Australia, answer to written question on notice, 14 January 2009 (received 21 January 2009).

[51]      Ms Belinda Robinson, Chief Executive, Australian Petroleum Production and Exploration Association (APPEA), Committee Hansard, 19 November 2009, pp 37-38.

[52]      Mr Keen, ExxonMobil Australia, Committee Hansard, 8 December 2008, p. 43.

[53]      Mr Gregory Evans, Director Economics, Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, Committee Hansard, 8 December 2008, p. 66.

[54]      Mr Peter Colley, National Research Director, Mining and Energy Division, Construction, Forestry, Mining and Energy Union (CFMEU), Committee Hansard, 19 November 2008, p. 121.

[55]      Dr Fisher, Committee Hansard, 2 April 2009, pp 61-62.

[56]      Mr Keen, ExxonMobil Australia, Committee Hansard, 8 December 2008, p. 52.

[57]      Mr Keen, ExxonMobil Australia, Committee Hansard, 8 December 2008, p. 42.

[58]      Mr Hitchens, AIGN, Committee Hansard, 2 February 2009, p. 41.

[59]      Mr Peter Coates, Chairman, Minerals Council of Australia, Committee Hansard, 8 December 2008, pp 2-3.

[60]      Dr Fisher, Committee Hansard, 2 April 2009, p. 53.

[61]      AIGN, answer to written question on notice, 14 January 2009 (received 23 January 2009).

[62]      Mr Owen Pascoe, ACF, Committee Hansard, 2 February 2009, p. 79.

[63]      Dr Judy Messer, President, Futureworld National Centre for Appropriate Technology, Committee Hansard, 1 April 2009, p. 6.

[64]      Mr Westmore, ACOSS, Committee Hansard, 19 February 2009, p. 9.

[65]      Mr Owen Pascoe, ACF, Committee Hansard, 2 February 2009, p. 78.

[66]      Dr Messer, Futureworld National Centre for Appropriate Technology, Committee Hansard, 1 April 2009, p. 6.

[67]      Australian Capital Territory Government, answer to written question on notice, 16 January 2009 (received 23 February 2009).

[68]      Professor McKibbin, Committee Hansard, 19 February 2009, pp 64-65 and 68-69.

[69]      Mr Michael Roche, Chief Executive, Queensland Resources Council, Committee Hansard, 20 February 2009, and Senator Mathias Cormann, Chair of the Senate Select Committee on Fuel and Energy, Committee Hansard, 20 February 2009, pp 29-30.

[70]      Mr Torkington, Chevron Australia, Committee Hansard, 18 February 2009, p. 25.

[71]      Mr Owen Pascoe, ACF, Committee Hansard, 2 February 2009, p. 78.

[72]      Mr Daniel Price, Managing Director, Frontier Economics, Committee Hansard, 2 April 2009, pp 12‑13 and 20‑21.

[73]      Mr David Pearce, Executive Director, Centre for International Economics, Committee Hansard, 2 April 2009, p. 29.

[74]      Mr Price, Frontier Economics, Committee Hansard, 2 April 2009, p. 24.

[75]      Mr Price, Frontier Economics, Committee Hansard, 2 April 2009, p. 23.

[76]      Australian Government, Australia's Low Pollution Future: The Economics of Climate Change Mitigation – Summary, October 2008, p. 25.

[77]      Dr Fisher, Committee Hansard, 2 April 2009, p. 56.

[78]      Mr Stephen Gale, Regional Director Climate Change, Futureworld National Centre for Appropriate Technology, Committee Hansard, 1 April 2009, p. 6.

[79]      Ms Robinson, APPEA, Committee Hansard, 19 November 2009, p. 26.

[80]      Mr Michael Angwin, Executive Director, Australian Uranium Association, Committee Hansard, 8 December 2008, p. 19.

[81]      Mr Michael Keogh, Executive Director, the Australian Farm Institute, Committee Hansard, 19 February 2009, pp 35‑36.

[82]      See the Hon. Malcolm Turnbull MP, Leader of the Opposition, 'The Coalition's Green Carbon Initiative', Press Release, 24 January 2009.

[83]      Bronwyn Herbert, 'Opposition supports Biochar research', The 7:30 Report, Transcript, Senator the Hon. Penny Wong, Minister for Climate Change and Water, 26 January 2009.

[84]      Mr Coates, MCA, Committee Hansard, 8 December 2008, p. 2.

[85]      Mr Hooke, MCA, Committee Hansard, 8 December 2008, p. 7.

[86]      Mr Keen, ExxonMobil Australia, Committee Hansard, 8 December 2008, p. 42.

[87]      Mr Keen, ExxonMobil Australia, Committee Hansard, 8 December 2008, p. 56; ExxonMobil Australia, Submission 66, p. 9.

[88]      Energy Supply Association of Australia (ESAA), Submission 74, p. 8.

[89]      Mr Mark Proegler, Director, Environmental Policy, BP Australia, Committee Hansard, 17 February 2009, p. 47.

[90]      Mr Carlo Botto, Director, National Generators Forum, Committee Hansard, 2 February 2009, pp 10-11.

[91]      Ms Clare Savage, Acting Chief Executive Officer, Energy Supply Association of Australia (ESAA), Committee Hansard, 2 February 2009, p. 18.

[92]      ESAA, Submission 74, p. 10.

[93]      Mr Hitchens, AIGN, Committee Hansard, 2 February 2009, pp 34‑35.

[94]      ExxonMobil Australia, Submission 66, p. 14.

[95]      Mr Peter Eggleston, External Affairs Manager, Chevron Australia, Committee Hansard, 18 February 2009, p. 22.

[96]      Public private partnership.

[97]      Dr Peter Brain, Executive Director, National Institute of Economic and Industry Research, Committee Hansard, 17 February 2009, pp 21-22.

[98]      ESAA, Submission 74, p. 3.

[99]      Mr Barry Sterland, Acting Deputy Secretary, Department of Climate Change, Committee Hansard, 2 April 2009, p. 85.

[100]    Dr David Hamill, Chairman, Envirogen, Committee Hansard, 1 April 2009, pp 39‑40 and 42.

[101]    Mr Sterland, Department of Climate Change, Committee Hansard, 2 April 2009, p. 85.

[102]    Australian Government, White Paper, December 2008, p. xxv.

[103]    Mr Roche, Queensland Resources Council, Committee Hansard, 20 February 2009, p. 31.

[104]    Mr Torkington, Chevron Australia, Committee Hansard, 18 February 2009, pp 29-30.

[105]    Ms Cheryl Cartwright, Chief Executive, Australian Pipeline Industry Association, Committee Hansard, 19 November 2008, p. 87.

[106]    Ms Robinson, APPEA, Committee Hansard, 19 November 2008, p. 27.

[107]    AIGN, answer to written question on notice, 14 January 2009 (received 23 January 2009).

[108]    Mr Colley, CFMEU, Committee Hansard, 19 November 2008, p. 113.

[109]    Mr Matthew Warren, Chief Executive Officer, Clean Energy Council, Committee Hansard, 17 February 2009, p. 5.

[110]    Mr Bernard Wheelihan, Chair, Pacific Hydro, Committee Hansard, 2 April 2009, p. 45.

[111]    Mr Richards, Pacific Hydro, Committee Hansard, 2 April 2009, pp 37-38.

[112]    Mr John Hodgson, Projects Manager, Mackay Sugar, Committee Hansard, 6 April 2009, p. 17.

[113]    Mr Canion, CCI of Western Australia, Committee Hansard, 17 November 2008, p. 13.

[114]    Mr Peter Laver, Vice President and Fellow, Australian Academy of Technological Sciences and Engineering, Committee Hansard, 17 February 2009, p. 15.

[115]    Mrs Bain, Cement Industry Federation, Committee Hansard, 19 November 2008, p. 98.

[116]    Mrs Bain, Cement Industry Federation, Committee Hansard, 19 November 2008, pp 105-106.

[117]    Professor Anthony Owen, Professor of Energy Economics, Curtin University of Technology, Committee Hansard, 17 November 2008, p. 46.

[118]    Mr Ison, and Mr John Hannagan, Chairman, Rusal Australia, Member of the Australian Aluminium Council, Committee Hansard, 8 December 2008, p 37.

[119]    Mr Barry Sterland, First Assistant Secretary, Emissions Trading Division, Department of Climate Change, Committee Hansard, 19 November 2008, pp 82-83.

Chapter 4 - Treasury modelling

[1]        Australian Government, Australia's Low Pollution Future: The Economics of Climate Change Mitigation, 2008, p. x.

[2]        Ms Meghan Quinn, Manager, Climate Change Modelling Unit, Department of the Treasury, Committee Hansard, 19 November 2008, p. 62.

[3]        Dr Brian Fisher, Concept Economics, A Peer Review Of The Treasury Modelling Of The Economic Impacts Of Reducing Emissions, 30 January 2009, p. 6.

[4]        Dr Brian Fisher, Concept Economics, A Peer Review Of The Treasury Modelling Of The Economic Impacts Of Reducing Emissions, 30 January 2009, p. 6.

[5]        Ms Amy Lomas, Assistant Director, Emissions Trading Unit, Department of Treasury and Finance, Western Australia, Committee Hansard, 18 February 2009, p. 12.

[6]        Ms Lomas, Department of Treasury and Finance, Western Australia, Committee Hansard, 18 February 2009, p. 13

[7]        Professor Warwick McKibbin, Committee Hansard, 19 February 2009, p. 71.

[8]        Ms Quinn, Department of the Treasury, Committee Hansard, 2 April 2009, p. 68.

[9]        Ms Quinn, Department of the Treasury, Committee Hansard, 19 November 2008, p. 81.

[10]      Senator Mathias Cormann, Chair of the Senate Select Committee on Fuel and Energy, committee correspondence to the Hon. Wayne Swan MP, Treasurer, 9 December 2008.

[11]      The Hon. Wayne Swan MP, Treasurer, committee correspondence, 28 January 2009.

[12]      Senator Mathias Cormann, Senate Hansard, 4 February 2009, p. 268.

[13]      Senator the Hon. Ursula Stephens, Parliamentary Secretary for Social Inclusion and the Voluntary Sector, Senate Hansard, 5 February 2009, p. 83. 

[14]      Senator Mathias Cormann, Chair of the Senate Select Committee on Fuel and Energy, committee correspondence to the Hon. Wayne Swan MP, Treasurer, 6 February 2009.

[15]      Senator the Hon. Ursula Stephens, Parliamentary Secretary for Social Inclusion and the Voluntary Sector, Senate Hansard, 11 February 2009, p. 700.

[16]      Senator Mathias Cormann, Chair of the Senate Select Committee on Fuel and Energy, committee correspondence to Professor Richard Larkins, Vice-Chancellor and President, Monash University, 11 February 2009; Senator Mathias Cormann, Chair of the Senate Select Committee on Fuel and Energy, committee correspondence to Professor Ken Foster, Interim Department Head, Department of Agricultural Economics, Purdue University, 11 February 2009.

[17]      Professor Ken Foster, Interim Department Head, Department of Agricultural Economics, Purdue University, committee correspondence, 12 February 2009.

[18]      Professor Edwina Cornish, Deputy Vice-Chancellor (Research), Monash University, committee correspondence, 19 February 2008 [sic].

[19]      Senator Mathias Cormann, Senate Hansard, 11 March 2009, p. 1309.

[20]      Senator Mathias Cormann, Senate Hansard, 11 March 2009, p. 1309.

[21]      Senator the Hon. Ursula Stephens, Parliamentary Secretary for Social Inclusion and the Voluntary Sector, Senate Hansard, 17 March 2009, p. 1689.

[22]      Senator the Hon. Ursula Stephens, Parliamentary Secretary for Social Inclusion and the Voluntary Sector, Senate Hansard, 17 March 2009, p. 1689.

[23]      Mr Andrew Kaynes, Senior Solicitor, Monash University attaching letter from Professor Edwina Cornish, Deputy Vice-Chancellor (Research), Monash University, to the Hon. Wayne Swan MP, Treasurer, dated 18 March 2008 [sic], committee correspondence, 18 March 2009.

[24]      Senator Mathias Cormann, Chair of the Senate Select Committee on Fuel and Energy, committee correspondence to the Hon. Wayne Swan MP, Treasurer, 18 March 2009.

[25]      Senator Mathias Cormann, Chair of the Senate Select Committee on Fuel and Energy, committee correspondence to the Hon. Wayne Swan MP, Treasurer, 18 March 2009.

[26]      Ms Quinn, Department of the Treasury, Committee Hansard, 2 April 2009, p. 87.

[27]      Senator Mathias Cormann, Chair of the Senate Select Committee on Fuel and Energy, committee correspondence to the Hon. Wayne Swan MP, Treasurer, 3 April 2009.

[28]      Senator John Faulkner, Special Minister of State, 'Open and Transparent Government – the Way Forward' speech made to Australia's Right to Know Freedom of Speech Conference, 24 March 2009.

[29]      Dr Brian Fisher, Concept Economics, A Peer Review Of The Treasury Modelling Of The Economic Impacts Of Reducing Emissions, 30 January 2009, p. 2.

[30]      Dr Brian Fisher, Concept Economics, A Peer Review Of The Treasury Modelling Of The Economic Impacts Of Reducing Emissions, 30 January 2009, p. 4.

[31]      Dr Brian Fisher, Concept Economics, A Peer Review Of The Treasury Modelling Of The Economic Impacts Of Reducing Emissions, 30 January 2009, p. 4.

[32]      Dr Brian Fisher, Concept Economics, A Peer Review Of The Treasury Modelling Of The Economic Impacts Of Reducing Emissions, 30 January 2009, pp 4-5.

[33]      Dr Brian Fisher, Concept Economics, A Peer Review Of The Treasury Modelling Of The Economic Impacts Of Reducing Emissions, 30 January 2009, pp 17 and 18-19.

[34]      Dr Brian Fisher, Concept Economics, A Peer Review Of The Treasury Modelling Of The Economic Impacts Of Reducing Emissions, 30 January 2009, p. 21.

[35]      Dr Brian Fisher, Concept Economics, A Peer Review Of The Treasury Modelling Of The Economic Impacts Of Reducing Emissions, 30 January 2009, p. 34.

[36]      Dr Brian Fisher, Concept Economics, A Peer Review Of The Treasury Modelling Of The Economic Impacts Of Reducing Emissions, 30 January 2009, p. 34.

[37]      Dr Brian Fisher, Concept Economics, A Peer Review Of The Treasury Modelling Of The Economic Impacts Of Reducing Emissions, 30 January 2009, p. 35.

[38]      Dr Brian Fisher, Concept Economics, A Peer Review Of The Treasury Modelling Of The Economic Impacts Of Reducing Emissions, 30 January 2009, p. 37.

[39]      Dr Brian Fisher, Concept Economics, A Peer Review Of The Treasury Modelling Of The Economic Impacts Of Reducing Emissions, 30 January 2009, p. 37.

[40]      Dr Brian Fisher, Concept Economics, A Peer Review Of The Treasury Modelling Of The Economic Impacts Of Reducing Emissions, 30 January 2009, p. 39.

[41]      Dr Brian Fisher, Concept Economics, A Peer Review Of The Treasury Modelling Of The Economic Impacts Of Reducing Emissions, 30 January 2009, p. 39.

[42]      Dr Brian Fisher, Concept Economics, A Peer Review Of The Treasury Modelling Of The Economic Impacts Of Reducing Emissions, 30 January 2009, pp 39-40.

[43]      Dr Brian Fisher, Concept Economics, A Peer Review Of The Treasury Modelling Of The Economic Impacts Of Reducing Emissions, 30 January 2009, pp 25-26.

[44]      Dr Brian Fisher, Concept Economics, A Peer Review Of The Treasury Modelling Of The Economic Impacts Of Reducing Emissions, 30 January 2009, pp 27, 28 and 31.

[45]      Dr Brian Fisher, Concept Economics, A Peer Review Of The Treasury Modelling Of The Economic Impacts Of Reducing Emissions, 30 January 2009, p. 31.

[46]      Dr Brian Fisher, Concept Economics, A Peer Review Of The Treasury Modelling Of The Economic Impacts Of Reducing Emissions, 30 January 2009, p. 31.

[47]      Dr Brian Fisher, Concept Economics, A Peer Review Of The Treasury Modelling Of The Economic Impacts Of Reducing Emissions, 30 January 2009, p. 32.

[48]      Dr Brian Fisher, Concept Economics, A Peer Review Of The Treasury Modelling Of The Economic Impacts Of Reducing Emissions, 30 January 2009, p. 33.

[49]      Dr Brian Fisher, Concept Economics, A Peer Review Of The Treasury Modelling Of The Economic Impacts Of Reducing Emissions, 30 January 2009, p. 33.

[50]      Dr Brian Fisher, Concept Economics, A Peer Review Of The Treasury Modelling Of The Economic Impacts Of Reducing Emissions, 30 January 2009, p. 51.

[51]      Dr Brian Fisher, Concept Economics, A Peer Review Of The Treasury Modelling Of The Economic Impacts Of Reducing Emissions, 30 January 2009, p. 59.

[52]      Dr Brian Fisher, Concept Economics, A Peer Review Of The Treasury Modelling Of The Economic Impacts Of Reducing Emissions, 30 January 2009, p. 42.

[53]      Dr Brian Fisher, Concept Economics, A Peer Review Of The Treasury Modelling Of The Economic Impacts Of Reducing Emissions, 30 January 2009, p. 43.

[54]      Dr Brian Fisher, Concept Economics, A Peer Review Of The Treasury Modelling Of The Economic Impacts Of Reducing Emissions, 30 January 2009, p. 53.

[55]      Dr Brian Fisher, Concept Economics, A Peer Review Of The Treasury Modelling Of The Economic Impacts Of Reducing Emissions, 30 January 2009, p. 53.

[56]      Dr Brian Fisher, Concept Economics, A Peer Review Of The Treasury Modelling Of The Economic Impacts Of Reducing Emissions, 30 January 2009, p. 54.

[57]      Dr Brian Fisher, Concept Economics, A Peer Review Of The Treasury Modelling Of The Economic Impacts Of Reducing Emissions, 30 January 2009, pp 22 and 23.

[58]      Dr Brian Fisher, Concept Economics, A Peer Review Of The Treasury Modelling Of The Economic Impacts Of Reducing Emissions, 30 January 2009, p. 41.

[59]      Dr Brian Fisher, Concept Economics, A Peer Review Of The Treasury Modelling Of The Economic Impacts Of Reducing Emissions, 30 January 2009, pp 40-41.

[60]      Dr Brian Fisher, Concept Economics, A Peer Review Of The Treasury Modelling Of The Economic Impacts Of Reducing Emissions, 30 January 2009, p. 48.

[61]      Dr Brian Fisher, Concept Economics, A Peer Review Of The Treasury Modelling Of The Economic Impacts Of Reducing Emissions, 30 January 2009, pp 48-49.

[62]      Dr Brian Fisher, Concept Economics, A Peer Review Of The Treasury Modelling Of The Economic Impacts Of Reducing Emissions, 30 January 2009, p. 57.

[63]      Dr Brian Fisher, Concept Economics, A Peer Review Of The Treasury Modelling Of The Economic Impacts Of Reducing Emissions, 30 January 2009, p. 58.

[64]      Dr Brian Fisher, Concept Economics, A Peer Review Of The Treasury Modelling Of The Economic Impacts Of Reducing Emissions, 30 January 2009, p. 60.

[65]      Dr Brian Fisher, Concept Economics, A Peer Review Of The Treasury Modelling Of The Economic Impacts Of Reducing Emissions, 30 January 2009, p. 61.

[66]      Dr Brian Fisher, Concept Economics, A Peer Review Of The Treasury Modelling Of The Economic Impacts Of Reducing Emissions, 30 January 2009, p. 62.

[67]      Dr Brian Fisher, Concept Economics, A Peer Review Of The Treasury Modelling Of The Economic Impacts Of Reducing Emissions, 30 January 2009, p. 63.

[68]      Dr Brian Fisher, Concept Economics, A Peer Review Of The Treasury Modelling Of The Economic Impacts Of Reducing Emissions, 30 January 2009, p. 5.

[69]      Mr Tony Westmore, Senior Policy Officer (Electricity), Australian Council of Social Service, Committee Hansard, 19 February 2009, p. 3; Mr Owen Pascoe, Climate Change Campaigner, Australian Conservation Foundation, Committee Hansard, 2 February 2009, p. 83; Mr Daniel Price, Managing Director, Frontier Economics, Committee Hansard, 2 April 2009, pp 16 and 19.

[70]      Mr Mitchell Hooke, Chief Executive, Minerals Council of Australia, Committee Hansard, 8 December 2008, p. 6.

[71]      Mr Gregory Evans, Director Economics, Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, Committee Hansard, 8 December 2008, p. 59.

[72]      Ms Quinn, Department of the Treasury, Committee Hansard, 19 November 2008, p. 62.

[73]      Ms Quinn, Department of the Treasury, Committee Hansard, 19 November 2008, p. 63.

[74]      Ms Quinn, Department of the Treasury, Committee Hansard, 19 November 2008, p. 64.

[75]      Mr Gordon Keen, ANZ GHG Issue Manager, ExxonMobil Australia, Committee Hansard, 8 December 2008, p. 47.

[76]      Mr Andrew Canion, Senior Adviser, Industry Policy, Chamber of Commerce and Industry of Western Australia, Committee Hansard, 17 November 2008, p. 13.

[77]      Mr Tony Westmore, Senior Policy Officer (Electricity), Australian Council of Social Service, Committee Hansard, 19 February 2009, p. 12.

[78]      Professor McKibbin, Committee Hansard, 19 February 2009, p. 77.

[79]      Mr David Pearce, Executive Director, Centre for International Economics (CIE), Committee Hansard, 2 April 2009, p. 33.

[80]      Mr Noel Cornish, Chief Executive, BlueScope Steel, Committee Hansard, 1 April 2009, p. 28.

[81]      Mr Alan Thomas, General Manager Engineering, Technology and Environment, BlueScope Steel, Committee Hansard, 1 April 2009, p. 36.

[82]      Mr Cornish, BlueScope Steel, Committee Hansard, 1 April 2009, p. 36.

[83]      Dr Brian Fisher, Committee Hansard, 2 April 2009, p. 61.

[84]      Mr Pearce, CIE, Committee Hansard, 2 April 2009, p. 26.

[85]      Mr Pearce, CIE, Committee Hansard, 2 April 2009, p. 27.

[86]      Mr John Boshier, Executive Director, National Generators Forum, Committee Hansard, 2 February 2009, p. 4.

[87]      Mr Shane Cremin, Market Development Manager, Griffin Energy, Committee Hansard, 18 February 2009, p. 2.

[88]      Mr Arthur Rorris, Secretary, South Coast Labour Council, Committee Hansard, 1 April 2009, pp 22-23.

[89]      Mr Christopher Fitzhardinge, Director, South West Group, Committee Hansard, 17 November 2008, pp 89 and 91.

[90]      Mr Fitzhardinge, South West Group, Committee Hansard, 17 November 2008, p. 99.

[91]      Mr Glenn Churchill, Chief Executive Officer, Gladstone Area Promotion and Development, Committee Hansard, 7 April 2009, p. 34.

[92]      Mr Price, Frontier Economics, Committee Hansard, 2 April 2009, p. 14.

[93]      Ms Quinn, Department of the Treasury, Committee Hansard, 2 April 2009, p. 69.

[94]      Ms Quinn, Department of the Treasury, Committee Hansard, 2 April 2009, p. 69.

[95]      Ms Quinn, Department of the Treasury, Committee Hansard, 2 April 2009, p. 69.

Chapter 5 - Impact of the Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme on trade exposed industries

[1]        Australian Government, Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme: Australia's Low Pollution Future – White Paper (White Paper), December 2008, p. F.16.

[2]        Australian Government, White Paper, December 2008, p. F.4.

[3]        Professor Ross Garnaut, Garnaut Climate Change Review: Final Report, October 2008, p. 230.

[4]        Professor Garnaut, Garnaut Climate Change Review: Final Report, October 2008, p. 316.

[5]        Mr Michael Keogh, Executive Director, Australian Farm Institute, Committee Hansard, 19 February 2009, p. 37.

[6]        Mr David Pearce, Executive Director, Centre for International Economics (CIE), Committee Hansard, 2 April 2009, p. 27.

[7]        Professor Garnaut, Garnaut Climate Change Review: Final Report, October 2008, p. 230.

[8]        Professor Garnaut, Garnaut Climate Change Review: Final Report, October 2008, p. 316.

[9]        Mr Peter Coates, Chairman, Minerals Council of Australia (MCA), Committee Hansard, 8 December 2008, pp 3 and 9.

[10]      Mr Mitchell Hooke, Chief Executive, MCA, Committee Hansard, 8 December 2008, p. 14.

[11]      Mr Michael Roche, Chief Executive, Queensland Resources Council, Committee Hansard, 20 February 2009, p. 26.

[12]      Mr Daniel Price, Managing Director, Frontier Economics, Committee Hansard, 2 April 2009, p. 12.

[13]      Caltex Australia, Committee Hansard, 20 February 2009, p. 49.

[14]      Mr Owen Pascoe, Climate Change Campaigner, Australian Conservation Foundation (ACF), Committee Hansard, 2 February 2009, pp 90-91.

[15]      Australian Government, White Paper, December 2008, p. 12.1.

[16]      Australian Government, White Paper, December 2008, p. 12.7.

[17]      Australian Government, White Paper, December 2008, p. xxxiv.

[18]      Australian Government, White Paper, December 2008, p. 12.1.

[19]      Australian Government, White Paper, December 2008, p. 12.46.

[20]      Australian Government, White Paper, December 2008, p. 13.6.

[21]      Australian Government, White Paper, December 2008, p. 13.7.

[22]      Australian Government, White Paper, December 2008, pp xxxviii-xxxix.

[23]      BP Australia, Committee Hansard, 17 February 2009, p. 42.

[24]      Mr Michael Hitchens, Chief Executive Officer, Australian Industry Greenhouse Network (AIGN), Committee Hansard, 2 February 2009, p. 34.

[25]      The White Paper defines activity as the 'chemical or physical transformation of inputs to a given set of outputs'. See p. F.1.

[26]      Mr Peter Broschofsky, Group General Manager, Environment and Fuel Conservation, Qantas Airways, Committee Hansard, 19 November 2009, p. 42.

[27]      Mr Simon Thorpe, General Manager, Safety Systems, Virgin Blue Airlines, Committee Hansard, 20 February 2009, pp 13 and 19.

[28]      Mr Stuart Ritchie, National Sustainability Manager, Cement Australia, Committee Hansard, 7 April 2009, p. 3.

[29]      Mr Alan Thomas, General Manager Engineering, Technology and Environment, BlueScope Steel, Committee Hansard, 1 April 2009, p. 36.

[30]      Mr Tim McAuliffe, Manager, Environment and Sustainable Development, Alcoa of Australia, Committee Hansard, 17 February 2009, p. 31.

[31]      Mr McAuliffe, Alcoa of Australia, Committee Hansard, 17 February 2009, p. 31.

[32]      Mrs Robyn Bain, Chief Executive Officer, Cement Industry Federation, Committee Hansard, 19 November 2008, p. 100.

[33]      Mr Michael Ison, Acting Executive Director, Australian Aluminium Council (AAC), Committee Hansard, 8 December 2008, p. 34.

[34]      Leslie Nielson, The European Emissions Trading System – lessons for Australia, Parliamentary Library Research Paper, no. 3, 2007‑08, 20 August 2008, p. 16.

[35]      Mr Pascoe, ACF, Committee Hansard, 2 February 2009, p. 78.

[36]      Mr Tony Westmore, Senior Policy Officer (Electricity), Australian Council of Social Service, Committee Hansard, 19 February 2009, p. 13.

[37]      Mr Bradley Crofts, Economist, Australian Workers' Union, Committee Hansard, 19 February 2009, pp 44-45.

[38]      Ms Belinda Robinson, Chief Executive, Australian Petroleum Production and Exploration Association (APPEA), Committee Hansard, 19 November 2008, p. 24.

[39]      Ms Robinson, APPEA, Committee Hansard, 19 November 2008, p. 24.

[40]      Ms Robinson, APPEA, Committee Hansard, 19 November 2008, p. 26.

[41]      Ms Nicola Cusworth, Director, Macro-Economic Policy, Department of Treasury and Finance, Western Australia, Committee Hansard, 18 February 2009, p. 17.

[42]      Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Submission 25, p. 15.

[43]      Mr Paul Graham, Theme Leader, Energy Futures, CSIRO, Committee Hansard, 19 November 2008, p. 22.

[44]      Mr John Torkington, Senior Adviser on Climate Change Policy, Chevron Australia, Committee Hansard, 18 February 2009, p. 23.

[45]      Ms Robinson, APPEA, Committee Hansard, 19 November 2008, p. 26.

[46]      Ms Robinson, APPEA, Committee Hansard, 19 November 2008, p. 26.

[47]      Ms Robinson, APPEA, Committee Hansard, 19 November 2008, p. 28.

[48]      Ms Robinson, APPEA, Committee Hansard, 19 November 2008, p. 25.

[49]      Ms Robinson, APPEA, Committee Hansard, 19 November 2008, p. 26.

[50]      Mr Torkington, Chevron Australia, Committee Hansard, 18 February 2009, p. 23.

[51]      Mr Peter Eggleston, External Affairs Manager, Chevron Australia, Committee Hansard, 18 February 2009, p. 24.

[52]      Mr Gordon Keen, ANZ GHG Issue Manager, ExxonMobil Australia, Committee Hansard, 8 December 2008, p. 43.

[53]      Dr Brian Fisher, Concept Economics, A Peer Review Of The Treasury Modelling Of The Economic Impacts Of Reducing Emissions, 30 January 2009, pp 29-30.

[54]      Dr Brian Fisher, Committee Hansard, 2 April 2009, p. 60.

[55]      Mr Burt Beasley, Acting Executive Director, Australian Coal Association, Committee Hansard, 2 February 2009, p. 58.

[56]      Mr Matthew Warren, Chief Executive Officer, Clean Energy Council, Committee Hansard, 17 February 2009, p. 8.

[57]      Mr Peter Colley, National Research Director, Mining and Energy Division, Construction, Forestry, Mining and Energy Union (CFMEU), Committee Hansard, 19 November 2008, p. 116.

[58]      Mr Roche, Queensland Resources Council, Committee Hansard, 20 February 2009, p. 27.

[59]      Mr Ralph Hillman, Executive Director, Australian Coal Association (ACA), Committee Hansard, 2 April 2009, pp 2 and 5.

[60]      Mr Hillman, ACA, Committee Hansard, 2 April 2009, p. 6.

[61]      Mr Hillman, ACA, Committee Hansard, 2 April 2009, p. 6.

[62]      Mr Roche, Queensland Resources Council, Committee Hansard, 20 February 2009, p. 27.

[63]      Mr Roche, Queensland Resources Council, Committee Hansard, 20 February 2009, p. 27.

[64]      Mr Hillman, ACA, Committee Hansard, 2 April 2009, p. 8.

[65]      Mrs Bain, Cement Industry Federation, Committee Hansard, 19 November 2008, p. 107.

[66]      Mr Ritchie, Cement Australia, Committee Hansard, 7 April 2009, p. 2.

[67]      Mr Ritchie, Cement Australia, Committee Hansard, 7 April 2009, p. 2.

[68]      Mrs Bain, Cement Industry Federation, Committee Hansard, 19 November 2008, p. 97.

[69]      Mrs Bain, Cement Industry Federation, Committee Hansard, 19 November 2008, p. 101.

[70]      Mrs Bain, Cement Industry Federation, Committee Hansard, 19 November 2008, pp 103-104.

[71]      Mr Ritchie, Cement Australia, Committee Hansard, 7 April 2009, p. 13.

[72]      Mr Ritchie, Cement Australia, Committee Hansard, 7 April 2009, pp 12-13.

[73]      Mr Ritchie, Cement Australia, Committee Hansard, 7 April 2009, p. 5.

[74]      Mr Ritchie, Cement Australia, Committee Hansard, 7 April 2009, p. 9.

[75]      Mr Ritchie, and Mr Matthew Lawson, Commercial Manager, Gladstone Plant, Cement Australia, Committee Hansard, 7 April 2009, p. 10.

[76]      Mr Ritchie, Cement Australia, Committee Hansard, 7 April 2009, pp 3 and 5.

[77]      Dr Brian Fisher, Concept Economics, A Peer Review Of The Treasury Modelling Of The Economic Impacts Of Reducing Emissions, 30 January 2009, p. 30.

[78]      Mr Ison, AAC, Committee Hansard, 8 December 2008, p. 36.

[79]      Hydro Aluminium Kurri Kurri, Submission 78, [p. 1].

[80]      Mr Ison, AAC, Committee Hansard, 8 December 2008, p. 29.

[81]      Mr Ison, AAC, Committee Hansard, 8 December 2008, pp 29 and 37.

[82]      Hydro Aluminium Kurri Kurri, Submission 78, [p. 3]; Mr John Hannagan, Chairman, Rusal Australia, Committee Hansard, 8 December 2008, p. 37.

[83]      Mr Ison, AAC and Mr Hannagan, Rusal Australia, Committee Hansard, 8 December 2008, pp 29 and 31.

[84]      Mr Hannagan, Rusal Australia, Committee Hansard, 8 December 2008, p. 34.

[85]      Mr McAuliffe, Alcoa of Australia, Committee Hansard, 17 February 2009, p. 31.

[86]      Australian Aluminium Council, answer to question on notice, 8 December 2008.

[87]      Mr Ison, AAC, Committee Hansard, 8 December 2008, p. 34; Mr McAuliffe, Alcoa of Australia; Committee Hansard, 17 February 2009, p. 31.

[88]      Dr Brian Fisher, Concept Economics, A Peer Review Of The Treasury Modelling Of The Economic Impacts Of Reducing Emissions, 30 January 2009, p. 29.

[89]      Australian Government, White Paper, December 2008, p. 6.44.

[90]      Mr Charles McElhone, Economics Manager, National Farmers Federation (NFF), Committee Hansard, 19 November 2008, p. 5.

[91]      Mr McElhone, NFF, Committee Hansard, 19 November 2008, p. 2.

[92]      Mr McElhone, NFF, Committee Hansard, 19 November 2008, p. 3.

[93]      Mr McElhone, NFF, Committee Hansard, 19 November 2008, p. 4.

[94]      Mr Leon Bradley, Chairman, Western Graingrowers Committee and Climate Change Spokesman, Pastoralists and Graziers Association of Western Australia, Committee Hansard, 18 February 2009, p. 40.

[95]      Dr Brian Fisher, Concept Economics, A Peer Review Of The Treasury Modelling Of The Economic Impacts Of Reducing Emissions, 30 January 2009, p. 30.

[96]      Mr Pearce, CIE, Committee Hansard, 2 April 2009, p. 30.

[97]      Mr Keogh, Australian Farm Institute, Committee Hansard, 19 February 2009, p. 38.

[98]      Mr Pearce, CIE, Committee Hansard, 2 April 2009, p. 31.

[99]      Mr McElhone, NFF, Committee Hansard, 19 November 2008, p. 7

[100]    Mr Coates, MCA, Committee Hansard, 8 December 2008, p. 9.

[101]    Ms Robinson, APPEA, Committee Hansard, 19 November 2008, p. 29.

[102]    Mr Frank Topham, Manager, Government Affairs and Media, Caltex Australia, Committee Hansard, 20 February 2009, p. 50.

[103]    Mr Colley, CFMEU, Committee Hansard, 19 November 2008, p. 121.

[104]    Ms Cusworth, Department of Treasury and Finance, Western Australia, Committee Hansard, 18 February 2009, p. 17.

Chapter 6 - The Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme and Australia's Energy Supply

[1]        Mr John Boshier, Executive Director, National Generators Forum (NGF), Committee Hansard, 2 February 2009, p. 2.

[2]        Mr Boshier, NGF, Committee Hansard, 2 February 2009, pp 2-3.

[3]        Ms Clare Savage, Acting Chief Executive Officer, Energy Supply Association of Australia (ESAA), Committee Hansard, 2 February 2009, p. 17.

[4]        Mr Shane Cremin, Market Development Manager, Griffin Energy, Committee Hansard, 18 February 2009, p. 3.

[5]        Mr Boshier, NGF, Committee Hansard, 2 February 2009, p. 4.

[6]        Mr Boshier, NGF, Committee Hansard, 2 February 2009, p. 4.

[7]        Australian Government, Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme: Australia's Low Pollution Future- White Paper, December 2008, p. xxxix.

[8]        Mr Boshier, NGF, Committee Hansard, 2 February 2009, p. 4; Ms Savage, ESAA, Committee Hansard, 2 February 2009, p. 17.

[9]        Mr Cremin, Griffin Energy, Committee Hansard, 18 February 2009, p. 2.

[10]      Mr Cremin, Griffin Energy, Committee Hansard, 18 February 2009, p. 2.

[11]      Mr Cremin, Griffin Energy, Committee Hansard, 18 February 2009, p. 6.

[12]      Energy Supply Association of Australia, answer to question on notice, 2 February 2009 (received 13 February 2009).

[13]      Curtin University of Technology, Submission 38, p. 1.

[14]      Professor Anthony Owen, Energy Economics, Curtin University of Technology, Committee Hansard, 17 November 2008, p. 42.

[15]      Mr Peter Colley, National Research Director, Mining and Energy Division, Construction, Forestry, Mining and Energy Union, Committee Hansard, 19 November 2008, p. 113

[16]      Mr Andrew Blyth, Chief Executive Officer, and Mr Hugh Gleeson, Chief Executive Officer, United Energy Development, Energy Networks Association (ENA), Committee Hansard, 2 February 2009, p. 49.

[17]      Ms Savage, ESAA, Committee Hansard, 2 February 2009, pp 15 and 16.

[18]      Ms Savage, ESAA, Committee Hansard, 2 February 2009, p. 15.

[19]      Mr Wayne Trumble, Executive General Manager, Power Generation, Griffin Energy, Committee Hansard, 18 February 2009, p. 8.

[20]      Mr Phil Southwell, General Manager, Strategy and Corporate Affairs, Western Power, Committee Hansard, 17 November 2008, p. 28.

[21]      Ms Belinda Robinson, Chief Executive, Australian Petroleum Production and Exploration Association, Committee Hansard, 19 November 2008, p. 24.

[22]      Mr Southwell, Western Power, Committee Hansard, 17 November 2008, p. 30.

[23]      Mr Carlo Botto, Director, and Dr Paul Simshauser, Director, National Generators Forum, Committee Hansard, 2 February 2009, p. 11.

[24]      These are described as 'mines uniquely attached to power-generating plant'. Mr Burt Beasley, Acting Executive Director, Australian Coal Association, Committee Hansard, 2 February 2009, p. 59.

[25]      Mr Ralph Hillman, Executive Director, Australian Coal Association, Committee Hansard, 2 April 2009, p. 6.

[26]      Queensland Resources Council, Submission 77, [p. 5].

[27]      Mr David Pearce, Executive Director, Centre for International Economics, Committee Hansard, 2 April 2009, p. 35.

[28]      Mr Cremin, Griffin Energy, Committee Hansard, 18 February 2009, p. 2.

[29]      Mr Cremin, Griffin Energy, Committee Hansard, 18 February 2009, p. 5.

[30]      Mr Southwell, Western Power, Committee Hansard, 17 November 2008, pp 29 and 30.

[31]      Mr Trumble, Griffin Energy, Committee Hansard, 18 February 2009, p. 8.

Chapter 7 - Impact of the Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme on job security, and Australia's states and regions

[1]        Tabled Document, Paul Howes' Opening Statement, Monday 02/02/09, tabled by Mr Brad Crofts, Environmental Economist, Australian Workers' Union, 19 February 2009.

[2]        Australian Government, Australia's Low Pollution Future: The Economics of Climate Change Mitigation, 2008, p. 165.

[3]        Mr Daniel Price, Managing Director, Frontier Economics, Committee Hansard, 2 April 2009, pp 16-17.

[4]        Mr Michael Hitchens, Chief Executive Officer, Australian Industry Greenhouse Network (AIGN), Committee Hansard, 2 February 2009, p. 35.

[5]        Mr Ralph Hillman, Executive Director, Australian Coal Association (ACA), Committee Hansard, 2 April 2009, p. 8.

[6]        Mr Hillman, ACA, Committee Hansard, 2 April 2009, p. 8.

[7]        Mr Peter Broschofsky, Group General Manager, Environment and Fuel Conservation, Qantas Airways, Committee Hansard, 19 November 2008, p. 45.

[8]        Mr David Pearce, Executive Director, Centre for International Economics (CIE), Committee Hansard, 2 April 2009, p. 32.

[9]        Mr Peter Colley, National Research Director, Mining and Energy Division, Construction, Forestry, Mining and Energy Union (CFMEU), Committee Hansard, 19 November 2008, p. 117.

[10]      Mr Paul Howes, National Secretary, Australian Workers' Union, Committee Hansard, 2 February 2009, p. 72.

[11]      Mr Howes, AWU, Committee Hansard, 2 February 2009, p. 71.

[12]      Mr Howes, AWU, Committee Hansard, 2 February 2009, p. 72.

[13]      Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Submission 25, p. 10.

[14]      Mr Howes, AWU, Committee Hansard, 2 February 2009, p. 74.

[15]      Mr Owen Pascoe, Climate Change Campaigner, Australian Conservation Foundation, Committee Hansard, 2 February 2009, p. 92.

[16]      Mr Andrew Richards, Executive Manager, Government and Corporate Affairs, Pacific Hydro, Committee Hansard, 2 April 2009, p. 38.

[17]      Mr David Rynne, Principal Adviser, Industry Policy, Queensland Resources Council, Committee Hansard, 20 February 2009, p. 37.

[18]      Mr Hillman, ACA, Committee Hansard, 2 April 2009, p. 9.

[19]      Mr Hillman, ACA, Committee Hansard, 2 April 2009, p. 3.

[20]      Australian Government, Australia's Low Pollution Future: The Economics of Climate Change Mitigation, 2008, p. 159.

[21]      Ms Meghan Quinn, Manager, Climate Change Modelling Division, Department of the Treasury, Committee Hansard, 2 April 2009, p. 68.

[22]      Ms Quinn, Department of the Treasury, Committee Hansard, 2 April 2009, p. 83.

[23]      Mr Hillman, ACA, Committee Hansard, 2 April 2009. p. 3.

[24]      Mr Michael Roche, Chief Executive, Queensland Resources Council, Committee Hansard, 20 February 2009, pp 25, 35 and 36.

[25]      Mr Roche, Queensland Resources Council, Committee Hansard, 20 February 2009, p. 28.

[26]      Ms Amy Lomas, Assistant Director, Emissions Trading Unit, Department of Treasury and Finance, Western Australia, Committee Hansard, 17 November 2008, p. 117.

[27]      Mr Andrew Canion, Senior Advisor, Industry Policy, Chamber of Commerce and Industry of Western Australia, and Senator Mathias Cormann, Chair of the Senate Select Committee on Fuel and Energy, Committee Hansard, 17 November 2008, pp 6-7.

[28]      Ms Lomas, Department of Treasury and Finance, Western Australia, Committee Hansard, 17 November 2008, p. 115.

[29]      Mr Wayne Trumble, Executive General Manager, Power Generation, Griffin Energy, and Senator Mathias Cormann, Chair of the Senate Select Committee on Fuel and Energy, Committee Hansard, 18 February 2009, p. 6.

[30]      Ms Lomas, Department of Treasury and Finance, Western Australia, Committee Hansard, 17 November 2008, p. 118.

[31]      See evidence from Mr Price, Frontier Economics, Committee Hansard, 2 April 2009, pp 13-15.

[32]      See evidence from Mr Price, Frontier Economics, Committee Hansard, 2 April 2009, p. 15.

[33]      Lenore Taylor and Imre Salusinsky, 'ETS "to shrink regional growth"', The Australian, 26 March 2009, p. 1.

[34]      Lenore Taylor and Imre Salusinsky, 'ETS "to shrink regional growth"', The Australian, 26 March 2009, p. 1.

[35]      Mr Price, Frontier Economics, Committee Hansard, 2 April 2009, p. 14.

[36]      National Economics/Australian Local Government Association, State of the Regions 2008-09, [p. 1] preface.

[37]      Mr Price, Frontier Economics, Committee Hansard, 2 April 2009, p. 18.

[38]      Mr Price, Frontier Economics, Committee Hansard, 2 April 2009, p. 14.

[39]      Mr Price, Frontier Economics, Committee Hansard, 2 April 2009, p. 19.

[40]      Mr Rocky Donovan, Vice President and Mr James Robertson, President, Gladstone Chamber of Commerce and Industry, Committee Hansard, 7 April 2009, p. 20.

[41]      Dr Ian Manning, Deputy Executive Director, National Institute of Economic and Industry Research, Committee Hansard, 17 February 2009, p. 24.

[42]      Mr Colley, CFMEU, Committee Hansard, 19 November 2008, p. 109.

[43]      Mr Burt Beasley, Acting Executive Director, Australian Coal Association, Committee Hansard, 2 February 2009, p. 58.

[44]      Mr Charles McElhone, Economics Manager, National Farmers Federation, Committee Hansard, 19 November 2008, p. 2.

[45]      Mr Simon Thorpe, General Manager, Safety Systems, Virgin Blue Airlines, Committee Hansard, 20 February 2009, pp 12, 14 and 15.

[46]      Mr Tony Westmore, Senior Policy Officer (Electricity), Australian Council of Social Service (ACOSS), Committee Hansard, 19 February 2009, p. 3.

[47]      Mr Westmore, ACOSS, Committee Hansard, 19 February 2009, p. 11.

[48]      Mr Bernard Wheelihan, Chair, Pacific Hydro, Committee Hansard, 2 April 2009, p. 38.

[49]      Mr Ross Beames, Member, Biofuels Association of Australia, Committee Hansard, 20 February 2009, p. 47.

[50]      Biofuels Association of Australia, answer to questions on notice, 20 February 2009 (received 20 March 2009).

[51]      Mr Price, Frontier Economics, Committee Hansard, 2 April 2009, pp 19 and 21.

[52]      Mr Glenn Churchill, Chief Executive Officer, Gladstone Area Promotion and Development Limited, Committee Hansard, 7 April 2009, p. 39.

[53]      Mr Greg Evans, Director Economics, Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, Committee Hansard, 8 December 2008, p. 61.

[54]      Mr Barry Sterland, First Assistant Secretary, Emissions Trading Division, Department  of Climate Change, Committee Hansard, 19 November 2008, p. 73.

[55]      Ms Lomas, Department of Treasury and Finance, Western Australia, Committee Hansard, 17 November 2008, p. 115.

[56]      Ms Lomas, Department of Treasury and Finance, Western Australia, Committee Hansard, 17 November 2008, p. 116.

[57]      Mr Bradley Crofts, Economist, Australian Workers' Union, Committee Hansard, 19 February 2009, p. 52.

[58]      Mr Roche, Queensland Resources Council, Committee Hansard, 20 February 2009, p. 25.

[59]      Mr Stuart Ritchie, National Sustainability Manager, and Mr Matthew Lawson, Commercial Manager, Gladstone Plant, Cement Australia, Committee Hansard, 7 April 2009, pp 9-10.

[60]      Mr Robertson, Gladstone Chamber of Commerce and Industry, Committee Hansard, 7 April 2009, p. 16.

[61]      Councillor Darryl Camilleri, Deputy Mayor and Mr Barry Omundson, Director, Commercial Services, Mackay Regional Council, Committee Hansard, 6 April 2007, pp 31-34.

[62]      Mr Churchill, Gladstone Area Promotion and Development Limited, Committee Hansard, 7 April 2009, p. 36.

[63]      Councillor George Creed, Mayor, Gladstone Regional Council, Committee Hansard, 7 April 2009, p. 27.

[64]      Mr David Phillips, General Manager, Mackay Tourism, Committee Hansard, 6 April 2009, p. 23.

[65]      Mr Phillips, Mackay Tourism, Committee Hansard, 6 April 2009, p. 27.

[66]      Mr Arthur Rorris, Secretary, South Coast Labour Council, Committee Hansard, 1 April 2009, p. 16.

[67]      Mr Rorris, South Coast Labour Council, Committee Hansard, 1 April 2009, p. 16.

[68]      Mr Noel Cornish, Chief Executive, BlueScope Steel, Committee Hansard, 1 April 2009, p. 30.

[69]      Mr Cornish, BlueScope Steel, Committee Hansard, 1 April 2009, pp 30‑31.

[70]      Hydro Aluminium Kurri Kurri, Submission 78, [p. 2].

[71]      Hydro Aluminium Kurri Kurri, Submission 78, [p. 2].

[72]      Hydro Aluminium Kurri Kurri, Submission 78, [p. 7].

[73]      Collie Chamber of Commerce and Industry, answer to written question on notice, 22 January 2009 (received 9 February 2009).

[74]      Gippsland Area Consultative Committee, answer to written question on notice, 18 March 2009 (received 16 April 2009).

[75]      International Power, answer to written question on notice, 18 March 2009 (received 1 April 2009).

[76]      Gippsland Resources Group, answer to written question on notice, 18 March 2009 (received 4 April 2009).

Chapter 8 - Impact of the Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme on consumers

[1]        Mr Michael Hitchens, Chief Executive Officer, Australian Industry Greenhouse Network, Committee Hansard, 2 February 2009, p. 40.

[2]        Mr Mark Proegler, Director, Environmental Policy, BP Australia, Committee Hansard, 17 February 2009, p. 44.

[3]        Mr Carlo Botto, Director, National Generators Forum, Committee Hansard, 2 February 2009, p. 9.

[4]        Dr Harry Schaap, Policy Adviser, National Generators Forum, Committee Hansard, 2 February 2009, p. 10.

[5]        Dr John Burgess, Fellow, Australian Academy of Technological Sciences an Engineering, Committee Hansard, 17 February 2009, p. 20; Mr Tony Westmore, Senior Policy Officer (Electricity), Australian Council of Social Service, Committee Hansard, 19 February 2009, p. 7.

[6]        Ms Clare Savage, Acting Chief Executive Officer, Energy Supply Association of Australia, Committee Hansard, 2 February 2009, p. 21.

[7]        Mr Tony Westmore, Senior Policy Officer (Electricity), Australian Council of Social Service (ACOSS), Committee Hansard, 19 February 2009, p. 7.

[8]        Mr Westmore, ACOSS, Committee Hansard, 19 February 2009, p. 3.

[9]        Mr Gregory Evans, Director Economics, Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, Committee Hansard, 8 December 2008, p. 58.

[10]      Collie Chamber of Commerce and Industry, answer to written question on notice, 22 January 2009 (received 9 February 2009).

[11]      Mr Matthew Warren, Chief Executive Officer, Clean Energy Council, Committee Hansard, 17 February 2009, p. 7.

[12]      Mr Proegler, BP Australia, Committee Hansard, 17 February 2009, p. 44.

[13]      Mr Westmore, ACOSS, Committee Hansard, 19 February 2009, p. 2.

[14]      Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Submission 25, p. 8.

[15]      Sustainable Transport Coalition of Western Australia, Submission 30, [p. 7].

[16]      Mr Paul Graham, Theme Leader, Energy Futures, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Committee Hansard, 19 November 2008, p. 13.

[17]      Mr Frank Topham, Manager, Government Affairs and Media, Caltex Australia, Committee Hansard, 20 February 2009, p. 54.

[18]      Mr Michael Roth, Executive Manager, Royal Automobile Club of Queensland (RACQ), Committee Hansard, 20 February 2009, p. 3.

[19]      Mr Roth, RACQ, Committee Hansard, 20 February 2009, p. 3.

[20]      Mr Roth, and Ms Susan Furze, Senior Transport Economist, RACQ, Committee Hansard, 20 February 2009, pp 4 and 5.

[21]      Caltex Australia, Committee Hansard, 20 February 2009, p. 50.

[22]      Mr Westmore, ACOSS, Committee Hansard, 19 February 2009, p. 2.

[23]      Mr Westmore, ACOSS, Committee Hansard, 19 February 2009, p. 11.

[24]      Sustainable Transport Coalition of Western Australia, Submission 30, [p. 5].

[25]      Mr Andrew Canion, Senior Advisor, Industry Policy, Chamber of Commerce and Industry of Western Australia, Committee Hansard, 17 November 2008, pp 6-7.

[26]      Australian Government, Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme: Australia's Low Pollution Future – White Paper, December 2008, p. 17.15.

[27]      Mr Roth, RACQ, Committee Hansard, 20 February 2009, p. 3.

[28]      Caltex Australia, Committee Hansard, 20 February 2009, p. 50.

[29]      Mr Proegler, BP Australia, Committee Hansard, 17 February 2009, p. 48.

[30]      Mr Bruce Harrison, Chief Executive Officer, Biofuels Association of Australia, Committee Hansard, 20 February 2009, p. 40.

[31]      Mr Westmore, ACOSS, Committee Hansard, 19 February 2009, pp 3 and 10.

[32]      Mr Arthur Rorris, Secretary, South Coast Labour Council, Committee Hansard, 1 April 2009, p. 25.

[33]      Mr Westmore, ACOSS, Committee Hansard, 19 February 2009, p. 4.

[34]      Mr Westmore, ACOSS, Committee Hansard, 19 February 2009, p. 13.

[35]      Mr Westmore, ACOSS, Committee Hansard, 19 February 2009, p. 14.

[36]      Dr Ian Manning, Deputy Executive Director, National Institute of Economic and Industry Research, Committee Hansard, 17 February 2009, p. 25.

[37]      Mr David Pearce, Executive Director, Centre for International Economics, Committee Hansard, 2 April 2009, p. 29.

Chapter 9 - Complementary Measures

[1]        Mr Burt Beasley, Acting Executive Director, Australian Coal Association (ACA), Committee Hansard, 2 February 2009, p. 59.

[2]        Mr Peter Colley, National Research Director, Mining and Energy Division, Construction, Forestry, Mining and Energy Union (CFMEU), Committee Hansard, 19 November 2008, p. 111.

[3]        Mr Matthew Warren, Chief Executive Officer, Clean Energy Council, Committee Hansard, 17 February 2009, p. 2.

[4]        Ms Fiona Wain, Chief Executive Officer, Environment Business Australia, Committee Hansard, 19 February 2009, p. 17.

[5]        Mr Phil Southwell, General Manager, Strategy and Corporate Affairs, Western Power, Committee Hansard, 17 November 2008, p. 26.

[6]        Mr Warren, Clean Energy Council, Committee Hansard, 17 February 2009, p. 2.

[7]        Dr Peter Brain, Executive Director, National Institute of Economic and Industry Research, Committee Hansard, 17 February 2009, p. 23.

[8]        Dr Brain, National Institute of Economic and Industry Research, Committee Hansard, 17 February 2009, p. 24.

[9]        Mr Tony Westmore, Australian Council of Social Service (ACOSS), Committee Hansard, 19 February 2009, p. 13.

[10]      Mr Peter Laver, Vice President and Fellow, Australian Academy of Technological Sciences and Engineering, Committee Hansard, 17 February 2009, p. 14.

[11]      Ms Wain, Environment Business Australia, Committee Hansard, 19 February 2009, pp 23-24.

[12]      Mr Michael Roth, Executive Manager, Public Policy, Royal Automobile Club of Queensland (RACQ), Committee Hansard, 20 February 2009, p. 3.

[13]      Mr Roth, RACQ, Committee Hansard, 20 February 2009, pp 3-4.

[14]      Mr Roth, RACQ, Committee Hansard, 20 February 2009, p. 3.

[15]      Mr Roth, RACQ, Committee Hansard, 20 February 2009, p. 3.

[16]      Mr Simon Thorpe, General Manager, Safety Systems, Virgin Blue Airlines, Committee Hansard, 20 February 2009, p. 13.

[17]      Mr Peter Broschofsky, Group General Manager, Environment and Fuel Conservation, Qantas Airlines, Committee Hansard, 19 November 2008, p. 45.

[18]      Mr Peter Coates, Chairman, Minerals Council of Australia, Committee Hansard, 8 December 2008, p. 12.

[19]      The Australian Workers' Union, Submission 73, [p. 9].

[20]      Mr Beasley, ACA, Committee Hansard, 2 February 2009, pp 58-59.

[21]      Mr Beasley, ACA, Committee Hansard, 2 February 2009, p. 64.

[22]      Mr Beasley, ACA, Committee Hansard, 2 February 2009, p. 69.

[23]      Mr Paul Graham, Theme Leader, Energy Futures, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Committee Hansard, 19 November 2008, p. 22.

[24]      Mr Colley, CFMEU, Committee Hansard, 19 November 2008, p. 111.

[25]      Mr Colley, CFMEU, Committee Hansard, 19 November 2008, p. 111.

[26]      Australian Energy Company Limited, answer to written question on notice, 18 March 2009 (received 1 April 2009).

[27]      Mr John Torkington, Adviser on Climate Change Policy, Chevron Australia, Committee Hansard, 18 February 2009, p. 27.

[28]      Mr Wayne Trumble, Executive General Manager, Power Generation, Griffin Energy, Committee Hansard, 18 February 2009, pp 6-7.

[29]      Mr Michael Angwin, Executive Director, Australian Uranium Association, Committee Hansard, 8 December 2008, p. 17.

[30]      Mr Angwin, Australian Uranium Association, Committee Hansard, 8 December 2008, p. 24.

[31]      Mr Angwin, Australian Uranium Association, Committee Hansard, 8 December 2008, p. 17.

[32]      Mr Paul Howes, National Secretary, Australian Workers' Union, Committee Hansard, 2 February 2009, pp 73-74.

[33]      Mr Gregory Evans, Director Economics, Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, Committee Hansard, 8 December 2008, p. 61.

[34]      Mr Bernard Wheelihan, Chair, Pacific Hydro, Committee Hansard, 2 April 2009, p. 47.

[35]      Mr Owen Pascoe, Climate Change Campaigner, Australian Conservation Foundation, Committee Hansard, 2 February 2009, p. 88.

[36]      Mr Warren, Clean Energy Council, Committee Hansard, 17 February 2009, p. 6.

[37]      Professor Anthony Owen, Energy Economics, Curtin University of Technology, Committee Hansard, 17 November 2008, p. 48.

[38]      Dr Raymond Wills, Chief Executive Officer, Western Australian Sustainable Energy Association, Committee Hansard, 17 November 2008, p. 52; Ms Wain, Environment Business Australia, Committee Hansard, 19 February 2009, p. 18; Mr Warren, Clean Energy Council, Committee Hansard, 17 February 2009, p. 2.

[39]      Mr Southwell, Western Power, Committee Hansard, 17 November 2008, p. 25.

[40]      Dr Michael Ottaviano, Managing Director, Carnegie Corporation, Committee Hansard, 17 November 2008, p. 63.

[41]      Dr Ottaviano, Carnegie Corporation, Committee Hansard, 17 November 2008, p. 63.

[42]      Dr Ottaviano, Carnegie Corporation, Committee Hansard, 17 November 2008, p. 65.

[43]      Dr Ottaviano, Carnegie Corporation, Committee Hansard, 17 November 2008, pp 65 and 69.

[44]      Mr John Hodgson, Projects Manager, Mackay Sugar, Committee Hansard, 6 April 2009, p. 17.

[45]      Mr Hodgson, Mackay Sugar, Committee Hansard, 6 April 2009, p. 17.

[46]      Dr David Hamill, Chairman, Envirogen, Committee Hansard, 1 April 2009, p. 39.

[47]      Dr Hamill, Envirogen, Committee Hansard, 1 April 2009, pp 39-40.

[48]      Mr Roth, RACQ, Committee Hansard, 20 February 2009; Mr Mark Proegler, Director, Environment Policy, BP Australia, Committee Hansard, 17 February 2009, p. 49.

[49]      Mr Bruce Harrison, Chief Executive Officer, Biofuels Association of Australia, Committee Hansard, 20 February 2009, p. 38.

[50]      Mr Harrison, Biofuels Association of Australia, Committee Hansard, 20 February 2009, p. 40.

[51]      Mr Broschofsky, Qantas Airways, Committee Hansard, 19 November 2008, p. 45.

[52]      Mr Thorpe, Virgin Blue Airlines, Committee Hansard, 20 February 2009, p. 13.

[53]      Mr Westmore, ACOSS, Committee Hansard, 19 February 2009, p. 4.

[54]      Mr Sheldon Mumby, Policy Director, Pastoralists and Graziers Association of Western Australia, Committee Hansard, 18 February 2009, p. 39.

[55]      Mr Thyl Kint, Chief Executive Officer, Spitfire Oil, Committee Hansard, 18 February 2009, p. 31.

[56]      Mr Kint, Spitfire Oil, Committee Hansard, 18 February 2009, p. 32.

[57]      Mr Kint, Spitfire Oil, Committee Hansard, 18 February 2009, p. 32.

[58]      Mr Kint, Spitfire Oil, Committee Hansard, 18 February 2009, pp 31-32.

[59]      Mr Kint, Spitfire Oil, Committee Hansard, 18 February 2009, p. 35.