Footnotes

Chapter 1 - Background

[1]        Journals of the Senate, No. 33, 19 June 2014, pp 914–916.

[2]        Senate Selection of Bills Committee, Report No. 7 of 2014, Appendix 4.

[3]        Senate Standing Committee on Environment and Communications website, 'Carbon Farming Initiative Amendment Bill 2014 [Provisions]', https://www.aph.gov.au/Parliamentary_Business/Committees/Senate/Environment_and_Communications (accessed 23 June 2014).

[4]        The Hon Greg Hunt MP, Minister for the Environment, House of Representatives Hansard, 18 June 2014, p. 9.

[5]        The Hon Greg Hunt MP, Minister for the Environment, House of Representatives Hansard, 18 June 2014, pp 10–11.

[6]        Carbon Farming Initiative Amendment Bill 2014, Explanatory Memorandum, p. 8.

[7]        The Hon Greg Hunt MP, Minister for the Environment, House of Representatives Hansard, 18 June 2014, p. 13.

[8]        The Coalition, The Coalition's policy to scrap the carbon tax and reduce the cost of living, http://parlinfo.aph.gov.au/parlInfo/search/display/display.w3p;query%3DId%3A%22library%2Fpartypol%2F2645370%22 (accessed 24 June 2014).

[9]        The Coalition, The Coalition's direct action plan: environment and climate change, http://parlinfo.aph.gov.au/parlInfo/search/display/display.w3p;adv=yes;orderBy=customrank;page=0;query=%22direct%20action%22%20Dataset%3Apartypol;rec=1;resCount=Default (accessed 24 June 2014); Carbon Farming Initiative Amendment Bill 2014, Explanatory Memorandum, p. 11.

[10]      The Hon Greg Hunt MP, Minister for the Environment, House of Representatives Hansard, 18 June 2014, p. 10.

[11]      Carbon Farming Initiative Amendment Bill 2014, Explanatory Memorandum, pp 9–10.

[12]      Carbon Farming Initiative Amendment Bill 2014, Explanatory Memorandum, p. 9; Department of the Environment, Emissions Reduction Fund, http://www.environment.gov.au/climate-change/emissions-reduction-fund (accessed 24 June 2014).

[13]      See further Department of the Environment, Expert Reference Group on the design of the Emissions Reduction Fund, http://www.environment.gov.au/climate-change/emissions-reduction-fund/expert-reference-group (accessed 26 June 2014).

[14]      Australian Government, Emissions Reduction Fund White Paper, April 2014, http://www.environment.gov.au/climate-change/publications/emissions-reduction-fund-white-paper (accessed 26 June 2014).

[15]      Australian Government, Emissions Reduction Fund White Paper, April 2014, p. 4.

[16]      Carbon Farming Initiative Amendment Bill 2014, Explanatory Memorandum, p. 10.

[17]      Department of the Environment, Emissions Reduction Fund – Legislation, http://www.environment.gov.au/climate-change/emissions-reduction-fund/legislation (accessed 26 June 2014).

[18]      Department of the Environment, The Emissions Reduction Fund: The Results of Consultation on Draft Legislation, 18 June 2014, http://www.environment.gov.au/system/files/pages/7aef9f12-8ba1-4d9a-bf6a-1bc89a0bd6f5/files/erf-exposure-draft-legislation-consultation.pdf (accessed 26 June 2014).

[19]      Carbon Farming Initiative Amendment Bill 2014, Explanatory Memorandum, pp 6–7.

[20]      Department of the Environment, Carbon Farming Initiative, http://www.climatechange.gov.au/reducing-carbon/carbon-farming-initiative (accessed 26 June 2014).

[21]      Clean Energy Regulator, Carbon Farming Initiative, http://www.cleanenergyregulator.gov.au/Carbon-Farming-Initiative/Pages/default.aspx (accessed 26 June 2014).

[22]      Note that sequestration projects generate abatement by removing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and storing it as carbon in plants as they grow. Emissions avoidance projects generate abatement by reducing or avoiding emissions. Clean Energy Regulator, Methodology determinations, http://www.cleanenergyregulator.gov.au/Carbon-Farming-Initiative/methodology-determinations/Pages/default.aspx (accessed 26 June 2014).

[23]      Department of the Environment, Domestic Offset Integrity Committee, http://www.climatechange.gov.au/reducing-carbon/carbon-farming-initiative/domestic-offsets-integrity-committee (accessed 26 June 2014).

[24]      Department of the Environment, Activities – eligible and excluded, http://www.climatechange.gov.au/reducing-carbon/carbon-farming-initiative/activities-eligible-and-excluded#scope (accessed 26 June 2014).

[25]      Department of the Environment, Methodology determinations, http://www.climatechange.gov.au/reducing-carbon/carbon-farming-initiative/methodologies/methodology-determinations (accessed 26 June 2014).

[26]      Clean Energy Regulator, Register of Offsets Projects, http://www.cleanenergyregulator.gov.au/Carbon-Farming-Initiative/Register-of-Offsets-Projects/Pages/default.aspx (accessed 26 June 2014).

[27]      The additionality test is currently set out in section 41 of the CFI Act. See also Department of the Environment, About the CFI, http://www.climatechange.gov.au/reducing-carbon/carbon-farming-initiative/about-cfi (accessed 2 July 2014).

[28]      Department of the Environment, Permanence, http://www.climatechange.gov.au/reducing-carbon/carbon-farming-initiative/activities-eligible-and-excluded/permanence (accessed 26 June 2014).

[29]      Clean Energy Regulator, Our work, http://www.cleanenergyregulator.gov.au/About-us/our-work/Pages/default.aspx (accessed 26 June 2014).

Chapter 2 - Overview of the bill

[1]        Specifically, the National Greenhouse and Energy Reporting Act 2007, the Australian National Registry of Emissions Act 2011 and the Clean Energy Regulator Act 2011.

[2]        Carbon Farming Initiative Amendment Bill 2014, Explanatory Memorandum, p. 11.

[3]        Carbon Farming Initiative Amendment Bill 2014, Explanatory Memorandum, p. 5. Note, however, that the commencement provisions of the bill do not appear to be contingent upon the repeal of the carbon tax legislation.

[4]        See Committee Hansard, 1 July 2014, p. 17.

[5]        Australian Government, Budget Paper No. 2 2014–15, pp 102–103.

[6]        Carbon Farming Initiative Amendment Bill 2014, Explanatory Memorandum, p. 6.

[7]        Carbon Farming Initiative Amendment Bill 2014, Explanatory Memorandum, p. 24. See also item 143 of Schedule 1 of the bill.

[8]        Carbon Farming Initiative Amendment Bill 2014, Explanatory Memorandum, pp 21 and 55; item 5 of Schedule 1 of the bill.

[9]        Carbon Farming Initiative Amendment Bill 2014, Explanatory Memorandum, p. 35 and see comparison of key changes at pp 36–38.

[10]      Carbon Farming Initiative Amendment Bill 2014, Explanatory Memorandum, p. 42.

[11]      Carbon Farming Initiative Amendment Bill 2014, Explanatory Memorandum, pp 35 and 45.

[12]      Carbon Farming Initiative Amendment Bill 2014, Schedule 1, items 205, 207, 209 and 211.

[13]      Carbon Farming Initiative Amendment Bill 2014, Explanatory Memorandum, p. 36 and Schedule 1, items 204 and 123A–D.

[14]      Carbon Farming Initiative Amendment Bill 2014, Explanatory Memorandum, p. 35.

[15]      Carbon Farming Initiative Amendment Bill 2014, Explanatory Memorandum, p. 32.

[16]      Carbon Farming Initiative Amendment Bill 2014, Explanatory Memorandum, p. 32.

[17]      Australian Government, Emissions Reduction Fund White Paper, April 2014, p. 33.

[18]      Carbon Farming Initiative Amendment Bill 2014, Explanatory Memorandum, p. 33 and Schedule 1, item 152.

[19]      Carbon Farming Initiative Amendment Bill 2014, Explanatory Memorandum, p. 33.

[20]      Carbon Farming Initiative Amendment Bill 2014, Explanatory Memorandum, pp 30, 42 and Schedule 1, items 25, 107 and 223 of the bill.

[21]      Carbon Farming Initiative Amendment Bill 2014, Explanatory Memorandum, p. 30.

[22]      Carbon Farming Initiative Amendment Bill 2014, Explanatory Memorandum, p. 31.

[23]      Carbon Farming Initiative Amendment Bill 2014, Explanatory Memorandum, p. 53.

[24]      Carbon Farming Initiative Amendment Bill 2014, Explanatory Memorandum, p. 54.

[25]      Clean Energy Regulator, News and Updates, http://www.cleanenergyregulator.gov.au/About-us/news-and-updates/Pages/default.aspx (accessed 3 July 2014).

[26]      Carbon Farming Initiative Amendment Bill 2014, Explanatory Memorandum, p. 7.

[27]      Carbon Farming Initiative Amendment Bill 2014, Explanatory Memorandum, pp 5–6; see also
The Hon Greg Hunt, Minister for the Environment, House of Representatives Hansard, 18 June 2014, p. 12.

[28]      Carbon Farming Initiative Amendment Bill 2014, Explanatory Memorandum, pp 66–67.

[29]      Carbon Farming Initiative Amendment Bill 2014, Explanatory Memorandum, p. 27.

[30]      Carbon Farming Initiative Amendment Bill 2014, Explanatory Memorandum, p. 61 and Schedule 1, items 388 and 392.

[31]      Carbon Farming Initiative Amendment Bill 2014, Explanatory Memorandum, p. 62 and Schedule 1, items 388 and 392.

[32]      Carbon Farming Initiative Amendment Bill 2014, Explanatory Memorandum, pp 61–63;
see also Schedule 1, item 152 (proposed section 70).

[33]      Carbon Farming Initiative Amendment Bill 2014, Explanatory Memorandum, p. 33 and Schedule 1, item 152 (proposed subsection 70(5).

Chapter 3 - Key issues

[1]        Ms Chloe Munro, Chair and Chief Executive Officer, Clean Energy Regulator, Committee Hansard, 1 July 2014, p. 20.

[2]        CO2 Australia, Submission 10, p. 1.

[3]        CO2 Australia, Submission 10, pp 1–2.

[4]        Mr Peter Castellas, Chief Executive Officer, Carbon Market Institute, Committee Hansard, 1 July 2014, p. 33.

[5]        Mr Peter Castellas, Chief Executive Officer, Carbon Market Institute, Committee Hansard, 1 July 2014, p. 34.

[6]        Australian Soil Management, Submission 6, p. 1.

[7]        The Cement Industry Federation and National Lime Association, Submission 7, p. 2.

[8]        The Cement Industry Federation and National Lime Association, Submission 7, p. 3.

[9]        Hydro Tasmania, Submission 8, p. 2.

[10]      Mrs Louisa Kiely, Director, Carbon Farmers of Australia, Committee Hansard, 1 July 2014, p. 36.

[11]      CO2 Australia, Submission 10, p. 2.

[12]      CO2 Australia, Submission 10, p. 2.

[13]      Aboriginal Carbon Fund, Submission 5, p. 2.

[14]      Kimberley Land Council, Submission 12, p. 3.

[15]      Carbon Market Institute, Submission 11, p. 8.

[16]      Carbon Farming Initiative Amendment Bill 2014, Explanatory Memorandum, p. 33.

[17]      Department of the Environment, The Emissions Reduction Fund: the results of consultation on draft legislation, http://www.environment.gov.au/system/files/pages/7aef9f12-8ba1-4d9a-bf6a-1bc89a0bd6f5/files/erf-exposure-draft-legislation-consultation.pdf (accessed 4 July 2014).

[18]      CO2 Australia, Submission 10, p. 2.

[19]      Carbon Market Institute, Submission 11, p. 4.

[20]      Carbon Market Institute, Submission 11, p. 5.

[21]      Mr Tony Wood, Program Director, Energy, Grattan Institute, Committee Hansard, 1 July 2014, p. 43.

[22]      Mr Trevor Power, Acting First Assistant Secretary, Emissions Reduction Taskforce, Department of the Environment, Committee Hansard, 1 July 2014, p. 56.

[23]      Mr Trevor Power, Acting First Assistant Secretary, Emissions Reduction Taskforce, Department of the Environment, Committee Hansard, 1 July 2014, p. 56.

[24]      Mr Trevor Power, Acting First Assistant Secretary, Emissions Reduction Taskforce, Department of the Environment, Committee Hansard, 1 July 2014, p. 51.

[25]      Mr Trevor Power, Acting First Assistant Secretary, Emissions Reduction Taskforce, Department of the Environment, Committee Hansard, 1 July 2014, p. 56.

[26]      Mr Rowan Foley, General Manager, Aboriginal Carbon Fund, Committee Hansard, 1 July 2014, p. 23.

[27]      Kimberley Land Council, Submission 12, p. 2.

[28]      Carbon Market Institute, Submission 11, p. 7.

[29]      Law Council of Australia, Submission 17, p. 3.

[30]      Mr Greg McIntyre SC, Law Council of Australia, Committee Hansard, I July 2014, p. 10.

[31]      Ms Maya Stuart-Fox, Assistant Secretary, Legislation and Policy Frameworks Branch, Department of the Environment, Committee Hansard, 1 July 2014, pp 56–57.

[32]      Hydro Tasmania, Submission 7, p. 2.

[33]      Aboriginal Carbon Fund, Submission 5, p. 3; and Kimberley Land Council, Submission 12, p. 4.

[34]      Kimberley Land Council, Submission 12, p. 4.

[35]      Law Council of Australia, Submission 17, p. 5.

[36]      Dr Chris Mitchell, Managing Director, CO2 Australia, Committee Hansard, 1 July 2014, p. 6.

[37]      Ms Maya Stuart-Fox, Assistant Secretary, Legislation and Policy Frameworks Branch, Department of the Environment, Committee Hansard, 1 July 2014, p. 48.

[38]      Ms Maya Stuart-Fox, Assistant Secretary, Legislation and Policy Frameworks Branch, Department of the Environment, Committee Hansard, 1 July 2014, p. 48.

[39]      Ms Maya Stuart-Fox, Assistant Secretary, Legislation and Policy Frameworks Branch, Department of the Environment, Committee Hansard, 1 July 2014, p. 48.

[40]      Ms Maya Stuart-Fox, Assistant Secretary, Legislation and Policy Frameworks Branch, Department of the Environment, Committee Hansard, 1 July 2014, pp 48–49.

[41]      Mr Trevor Power, Acting First Assistant Secretary, Emissions Reduction Taskforce, Department of the Environment, Committee Hansard, 1 July 2014, p. 49.

[42]      Ms Maya Stuart-Fox, Assistant Secretary, Legislation and Policy Frameworks Branch, Department of the Environment, Committee Hansard, 1 July 2014, p. 49.

[43]      Aboriginal Carbon Fund, Submission 5, p. 3.

[44]      Kimberley Land Council, Submission 12, p. 5.

[45]      The Cement Industry Federation and National Lime Association, Submission 7, p. 3.

[46]      Mr Tony Wood, Program Director, Energy, Grattan Institute, Committee Hansard, 1 July 2014, pp 41 and 43–44.

[47]      Ms Chloe Munro, Chair and Chief Executive Officer, Clean Energy Regulator, Committee Hansard, 1 July 2014, p. 16.

[48]      Ms Chloe Munro, Chair and Chief Executive Officer, Clean Energy Regulator, Committee Hansard, 1 July 2014, p. 19.

[49]      Mr Trevor Power, Acting First Assistant Secretary, Emissions Reduction Taskforce, Department of the Environment, Committee Hansard, 1 July 2014, p. 53.

[50]      Dr Chris Mitchell, Managing Director, CO2 Australia, Committee Hansard, 1 July 2014,
pp 4–5.

[51]      Mr Greg McIntyre SC, Law Council of Australia, Committee Hansard, I July 2014, p. 11.

[52]      Ms Chloe Munro, Chair and Chief Executive Officer, Clean Energy Regulator, Committee Hansard, 1 July 2014, pp 16–17.

[53]      Ms Chloe Munro, Chair and Chief Executive Officer, Clean Energy Regulator, Committee Hansard, 1 July 2014, p. 16.

[54]      Aboriginal Carbon Fund, Submission 5, p. 3.

[55]      Mr Peter Castellas, Chief Executive Officer, Carbon Market Institute, Committee Hansard, 1 July 2014, p. 31.

[56]      Mr Trevor Power, Acting First Assistant Secretary, Emissions Reduction Taskforce, Department of the Environment, Committee Hansard, 1 July 2014, p. 52.

[57]      Mr Peter Cosier, Director and Member, Wentworth Group of Concerned Scientists, Supporting Statement, 1 July 2014, p. 2.

[58]      Mr Peter Cosier, Director and Member, Wentworth Group of Concerned Scientists, Committee Hansard, 1 July 2014, p. 42.

[59]      Mrs Louisa Kiely, Director, Carbon Farmers of Australia, Committee Hansard, 1 July 2014, p. 37.

[60]      Mr Michael Kiely, Director, Carbon Farmers of Australia, Committee Hansard, 1 July 2014, p. 38.

[61]      Mr Michael Kiely, Director, Carbon Farmers of Australia, Committee Hansard, 1 July 2014, p. 38.

[62]      Ms Maya Stuart-Fox, Assistant Secretary, Legislation and Policy Frameworks Branch, Department of the Environment, Committee Hansard, 1 July 2014, p. 56.

[63]      Mr Greg McIntyre SC, Law Council of Australia, Committee Hansard, I July 2014, pp 8–9.

[64]      Mr Greg McIntyre SC, Law Council of Australia, Committee Hansard, I July 2014, p. 10.

[65]      Ms Maya Stuart-Fox, Assistant Secretary, Legislation and Policy Frameworks Branch, Department of the Environment, Committee Hansard, 1 July 2014, pp 55–56.

[66]      Ms Mary-Anne Wilson, General Manager, Carbon Farming, Clean Energy Regulator, Committee Hansard, 1 July 2014, p. 14.

[67]      Ms Chloe Munro, Chair and Chief Executive, Clean Energy Regulator, Committee Hansard, 1 July 2014, p. 15.

[68]      Ms Maya Stuart-Fox, Assistant Secretary, Legislation and Policy Frameworks Branch, Department of the Environment, Committee Hansard, 1 July 2014, p. 56.

Labor Senators' Dissenting Report

[1]        Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet: Legislative Drafting Program for the Senate, http://www.dpmc.gov.au/parliamentary/senate/html/senate.html (accessed Friday 4 July 2014).

[2]        Reputex, High benchmark price to lift supply, but ERF short, 11 June 2014, http://www.reputex.com/media-centre/media-release-emissions-reduction-fund-to-be-undersupplied-reputex/ (accessed 4 July 2014).

[3]        ABC 7.30 Report, Former Treasury head warns tax reform needed to pay for policy promises, 12 March 2014,  http://www.abc.net.au/7.30/content/2014/s3962156.htm (accessed 4 July 2014); Professor Ross Garnaut, Submission 105, Senate Environment and Communications References Committee Inquiry into the Abbott Government's Direct Action Plan, pp 1–8.

[4]        Mr Peter Castellas, Carbon Market Institute, Committee Hansard, 1 July 2014, p. 32.

[5]        Mr Tony Wood, Grattan Institute, Committee Hansard, 1 July 2014, p. 42.

[6]        Mr Trevor Power, Department of the Environment, Committee Hansard, p. 52.

[7]        Ms Chloe Munro, Clean Energy Regulator, Committee Hansard, 1 July 2014, p. 20.

[8]        Mr Tony Wood, Grattan Institute, Committee Hansard, 1 July 2014, p. 43; Mr Trevor Power, Department of the Environment, Committee Hansard, 1 July 2014, p. 57.

[9]        Mr Peter Castellas, Carbon Market Institute, Committee Hansard, 1 July 2014, p. 32.

[10]      Mr Trevor Power, Department of the Environment, Committee Hansard, 1 July 2014, p. 56.

[11]      Department of the Environment: Emissions Reduction Fund White Paper, http://www.environment.gov.au/system/files/resources/1f98a924-5946-404c-9510-d440304280f1/files/emissions-reduction-fund-white-paper_0.pdf p. 52, (accessed 4 July 2014).

[12]      Australian Industry Greenhouse Network, Submission 14, p. 3.

[13]      Mr Peter Castellas, Carbon Market Institute, Committee Hansard, 1 July 2014, pp 29–30.

[14]      NetPositive, Submission 4, p. 5.

[15]      NetPositive, Submission 4, p. 5.

[16]      Australian Industry Greenhouse Network, Submission 14, p. 2.

[17]      Australian Industry Greenhouse Network, Submission 14, p. 5.

[18]      Carbon Market Institute, Submission 11, p. 12.

[19]      Senate Environment and Communications References Committee, Inquiry into the Abbott Government's Direct Action Plan, p 117.

[20]      Australian Sustainable Built Environment Council, Submission 3, p. 2; Australian Industry Greenhouse Network, Submission 14, p. 3; CSIRO, Submission 16, p. 3; NetPostive, Submission 4, p. 2.

[21]      Mr Trevor Power, Department of the Environment, Committee Hansard, 1 July 2014, p. 52.

[22]      Carbon Market Institute, Submission 11, p. 8; NetPostive, Submission 4, p. 2; Law Council of Australia, Submission 17, p. 7.

[23]      Carbon Market Institute, Submission 11, p. 8.

[24]      NetPostive, Submission 4, p. 2.

[25]      Kimberley Land Council, Submission 12, p. 3.

[26]      Indigenous Land Council, Submission 13, pp 3–4.

[27]      Mr Greg McIntyre, Law Council of Australia, Committee Hansard, 1 July 2014, p. 10.

[28]      Australian Sustainable Built Environment Council, Submission 3, Attachment 1, pp 8–9.

[29]      Mr Peter Cosier, Wentworth Group of Concerned Scientists, Committee Hansard, 1 July 2014, p. 46.

[30]      Ms Maya Stuart-Fox, Department of the Environment, Committee Hansard, 1 July 2014, p. 54.

[31]      Aboriginal Carbon Fund, Submission 5, p. 3.

[32]      Mr Rowan Foley, Aboriginal Carbon Fund, Committee Hansard, 1 July 2014, p. 26.

[33]        Clean Energy Regulator, Annual Report 2012–13, p. 70; Ms Chloe Munro, Clean Energy Regulator, Committee Hansard, 1 July 2014, p. 16.

[34]      Mr Tony Wood, Grattan Institute, Committee Hansard, 1 July 2014. p. 44.

Additional Comments by Senator Nick Xenophon

[1]        The Carbon Market Institute, Submission 11, pp 8–9.

[2]        The Carbon Market Institute, Submission 11, p. 6.

[3]        Mr Anthony Wood, Program Director, Energy, Grattan Institute, Committee Hansard, 1 July 2014, p. 43.