State Statistical Bulletin 2021-22

13 October 2022

PDF version [1.2MB]

Gregory O'Brien
Statistics and Mapping

 

Executive summary

  • This paper, a companion to the Key Economic and Social Indicator dashboard published by the Parliamentary Library, provides tables and charts for a broad range of social, demographic and economic indicators across all Australian states and territories, and compares these with Australian averages.
  • Each table presents data for the last five years to 2021–22 (or the latest data available), while each chart plots data for the financial year 2021–22 (or the latest data available).
  • Data used is the latest available as at September 20, 2022.

Introduction

The purpose of this paper is to present a range of economic and other statistical indicators for the states and territories of Australia. To facilitate comparisons, indicators are presented in relative terms such as growth rates, percentages, or proportions of gross state product, so comparisons can be made using equivalent measures.

This publication is a companion to the Key Economic and Social Indicator dashboard which contains Australia-wide data only, but on a more frequent basis.

A glossary of social, demographic and economic terms used in the tables is provided at the end of this publication.

Data Sources

Data sources are listed at the bottom of the page for each indicator. All data is from an original ABS series unless otherwise indicated as a trend or seasonally adjusted series.

Historical Data

Long-term data series for every table in this paper and for the Parliamentary Library’s companion publication, the Key Economic and Social Indicator dashboard is available electronically and can be found on the Parliamentary Library’s Key Economic and Social Indicator dashboard and State Statistical Bulletin pages.

Contents

Executive summary
Chapter 1: Labour Market
Chapter 2: Wages and Prices
Chapter 3: State Accounts
Chapter 4: Business Conditions
Chapter 5: Housing
Chapter 6: Public Sector Finances
Chapter 7: Exports
Chapter 8: Social Statistics

 

Chapter 1: Labour Market

1.1 Employment

Graph - Employment

  2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 2020-21 2021-22
Number employed (a) – '000          
New South Wales 3 947.0 4 077.0 4 075.3 4 090.7 4 132.6
Victoria 3 244.1 3 354.3 3 393.9 3 356.6 3 480.5
Queensland 2 464.3 2 500.4 2 515.3 2 576.0 2 703.3
South Australia  835.8  848.0  843.9  851.9  881.8
Western Australia 1 332.0 1 344.8 1 350.1 1 374.6 1 449.2
Tasmania  248.3  248.9  252.3  256.3  262.7
Northern Territory  137.3  132.7  132.0  129.8  131.6
Australian Capital Territory  228.4  227.9  233.5  237.4  231.3
Australia 12 437.3 12 733.9 12 796.4 12 873.3 13 273.0
Annual change – per cent          
New South Wales 3.2 3.3 0.0 0.4 1.0
Victoria 2.8 3.4 1.2 -1.1 3.7
Queensland 4.1 1.5 0.6 2.4 4.9
South Australia 2.2 1.5 -0.5 0.9 3.5
Western Australia 2.2 1.0 0.4 1.8 5.4
Tasmania 3.0 0.2 1.4 1.6 2.5
Northern Territory -1.1 -3.4 -0.5 -1.7 1.4
Australian Capital Territory 3.4 -0.2 2.5 1.7 -2.6
Australia 3.0 2.4 0.5 0.6 3.1
(a) Total full-time and part-time employed; Annual average of monthly data. Persons 15 years and over.
Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics (July 2022), Labour Force, Australia, Detailed

1.2 Unemployment

Graph - unemployment

  2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 2020-21 2021-22
Number unemployed (a) – '000          
New South Wales  200.5  189.5  216.0  262.2  180.8
Victoria  193.8  163.2  192.8  220.5  154.8
Queensland  158.4  162.6  173.3  186.7  129.0
South Australia  51.9  52.1  60.4  60.1  43.5
Western Australia  85.8  87.9  87.3  88.9  56.1
Tasmania  15.7  16.7  15.8  17.4  12.2
Northern Territory  6.0  6.3  7.8  7.2  5.5
Australian Capital Territory  9.4  8.5  8.2  9.9  9.1
Australia  721.6  686.8  761.4  852.9  590.9
Unemployment rate (b) – per cent        
New South Wales 4.6 4.6 6.8 5.0 3.3
Victoria 5.5 4.8 7.4 4.5 3.2
Queensland 5.9 6.5 7.9 5.2 4.0
South Australia 5.5 6.0 8.7 5.3 4.3
Western Australia 6.1 5.6 8.5 5.1 3.4
Tasmania 5.7 6.7 6.8 4.6 4.3
Northern Territory 4.3 4.4 5.3 4.6 3.6
Australian Capital Territory 3.2 2.3 4.1 4.2 2.8
Australia 5.3 5.2 7.4 4.9 3.5
(a) Annual average of monthly data. Persons 15 years and over.
(b) Number unemployed as a proportion of the labour force, seasonally adjusted (original ACT and NT) terms, as at June of financial year.
Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics (August 2022), Labour Force, Australia

1.3 Labour force

Graph - labour force

  2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 2020-21 2021-22
Labour force (a) – '000          
New South Wales 4 147.5 4 266.5 4 291.2 4 353.0 4 315.3
Victoria 3 437.9 3 517.5 3 586.7 3 577.0 3 641.0
Queensland 2 622.7 2 663.0 2 688.6 2 762.7 2 833.3
South Australia  887.7  900.1  904.3  912.1  926.3
Western Australia 1 417.9 1 432.7 1 437.4 1 463.5 1 505.4
Tasmania  264.1  265.6  268.1  273.7  274.9
Northern Territory  143.3  138.9  139.8  136.9  137.2
Australian Capital Territory  237.7  236.4  241.7  247.3  240.7
Australia 13 158.8 13 420.6 13 557.8 13 726.2 13 874.1
Participation rate (b) – per cent          
New South Wales 65.1 65.9 63.6 65.9 66.0
Victoria 65.7 66.1 64.5 66.2 67.1
Queensland 65.8 65.7 63.2 66.7 67.4
South Australia 62.7 63.2 61.7 62.7 63.0
Western Australia 68.6 68.6 66.5 68.7 69.3
Tasmania 61.3 60.2 59.2 61.0 61.0
Northern Territory 77.7 71.1 71.9 69.8 70.5
Australian Capital Territory 71.5 70.9 71.3 70.7 70.7
Australia 65.7 66.0 64.0 66.2 66.8
(a) Annual average of monthly data. Persons 15 years and over.        
(b) Labour force as a proportion of the civilian population aged 15 years and over, seasonally adjusted (original for ACT/NT) series, as at June.
Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics (August 2022), Labour Force, Australia

1.4 Youth Unemployment

Graph - youth unemployment

  2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 2020-21 2021-22
Number unemployed (a) – '000
New South Wales  71.0  69.8  75.9  83.8  59.4
Victoria  70.2  59.8  65.1  73.0  55.1
Queensland  61.5  61.3  69.0  63.6  48.4
South Australia  19.9  19.8  20.8  22.0  14.6
Western Australia  31.7  30.8  29.8  29.6  21.1
Tasmania  6.3  6.6  5.4  6.3  4.4
Northern Territory  2.1  1.9  2.4  2.4  1.6
Australian Capital Territory  3.8  3.4  3.3  3.2  3.1
Australia  266.6  253.5  271.7  284.0  207.6
Unemployment rate (a) – per cent
New South Wales 10.4 10.0 11.4 12.5 9.1
Victoria 12.7 10.6 11.8 14.1 10.4
Queensland 13.0 13.1 15.2 13.6 10.1
South Australia 14.0 13.2 14.3 14.6 9.6
Western Australia 14.4 14.0 13.7 13.3 9.1
Tasmania 14.5 15.5 12.7 14.3 10.3
Northern Territory 10.0 10.1 13.2 12.9 8.6
Australian Capital Territory 10.0 8.7 8.1 8.3 8.5
Australia 12.3 11.5 12.7 13.3 9.7
(a) 15-24 year olds, financial year average of monthly data, original terms.
Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics (August 2022), Labour Force, Australia

1.5 Underemployment

Graph - underemployment

  2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 2020-21 2021-22
Number underemployed (a) – '000        
New South Wales  334.7  326.5  393.0  376.1  320.4
Victoria  285.6  287.3  344.8  368.1  264.7
Queensland  231.1  233.0  251.8  245.2  204.9
South Australia  84.7  81.2  95.1  86.5  72.0
Western Australia  131.1  132.3  143.5  119.1  98.0
Tasmania  26.9  26.4  31.6  27.3  21.3
Northern Territory  6.3  6.9  9.5  8.3  7.9
Australian Capital Territory  14.1  14.5  14.8  14.5  14.0
Australia 1 114.5 1 108.0 1 284.1 1 245.0 1 003.2
Underemployment rate (b) – per cent        
New South Wales 8.1 7.7 9.2 8.6 7.5
Victoria 8.3 8.2 9.6 10.3 7.3
Queensland 8.8 8.7 9.4 8.9 7.2
South Australia 9.5 9.0 10.5 9.5 7.8
Western Australia 9.2 9.2 10.0 8.1 6.5
Tasmania 10.2 9.9 11.8 10.0 7.7
Northern Territory 4.4 5.0 6.8 6.1 5.8
Australian Capital Territory 5.9 6.2 6.1 5.8 5.9
Australia 8.5 8.3 9.5 9.1 7.2
(a) Annual average of monthly data.Persons 15 years and over.        
(b) Number underemployed as a proportion of the labour force, average of monthly rates.    
Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics (August 2022), Labour Force, Australia    

Chapter 2: Wages and Prices

2.1 Average weekly ordinary time earnings

Graph - average weekly ordinary time earnings

  2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 2020-21 2021-22
AWOTE (a) (b) – $ per week          
New South Wales 1 596.0 1 643.1 1 714.6 1 758.1 1 775.6
Victoria 1 534.8 1 588.6 1 677.9 1 734.6 1 755.3
Queensland 1 534.9 1 575.6 1 627.4 1 631.1 1 688.3
South Australia 1 445.1 1 468.7 1 513.4 1 556.3 1 607.2
Western Australia 1 741.6 1 769.0 1 809.3 1 860.1 1 916.6
Tasmania 1 367.8 1 410.0 1 469.0 1 504.4 1 555.1
Northern Territory 1 658.2 1 666.8 1 693.4 1 699.5 1 704.5
Australian Capital Territory 1 806.6 1 811.5 1 845.6 1 899.4 1 982.1
Australia 1 577.5 1 620.2 1 686.2 1 724.4 1 759.1
Annual change – per cent          
New South Wales 3.6 3.0 4.3 2.5 1.0
Victoria 2.1 3.5 5.6 3.4 1.2
Queensland 3.1 2.7 3.3 0.2 3.5
South Australia -0.1 1.6 3.0 2.8 3.3
Western Australia 1.9 1.6 2.3 2.8 3.0
Tasmania 1.4 3.1 4.2 2.4 3.4
Northern Territory 1.9 0.5 1.6 0.4 0.3
Australian Capital Territory 2.6 0.3 1.9 2.9 4.4
Australia 2.5 2.7 4.1 2.3 2.0
(a) Annual average of bi-annual data.        
(b) Average weekly ordinary time earnings for full-time adult employees.      
Care should be taken when comparing average weekly earnings of states over time due to compositional changes.  
Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics (May 2022), Average Weekly Earnings, Australia    

2.2 Real average weekly ordinary time earnings

Graph - real average weekly ordinary time earnings

  2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 2020-21 2021-22
Real AWOTE (a) (b) – $ per week        
New South Wales 1 729.1 1 751.1 1 808.4 1 826.9 1 775.6
Victoria 1 675.0 1 704.6 1 770.7 1 804.6 1 755.3
Queensland 1 697.2 1 714.4 1 750.4 1 719.0 1 688.3
South Australia 1 580.4 1 581.7 1 601.1 1 622.2 1 607.2
Western Australia 1 924.6 1 929.8 1 947.6 1 970.9 1 916.6
Tasmania 1 534.8 1 543.1 1 570.0 1 579.2 1 555.1
Northern Territory 1 811.2 1 804.2 1 830.0 1 801.3 1 704.5
Australian Capital Territory 1 998.8 1 962.6 1 975.5 1 991.3 1 982.1
Australia 1 724.6 1 742.6 1 789.7 1 801.0 1 759.1
Annual change – per cent          
New South Wales 1.5 1.3 3.3 1.0 -2.8
Victoria -0.2 1.8 3.9 1.9 -2.7
Queensland 1.3 1.0 2.1 -1.8 -1.8
South Australia -2.3 0.1 1.2 1.3 -0.9
Western Australia 1.0 0.3 0.9 1.2 -2.8
Tasmania -0.7 0.5 1.7 0.6 -1.5
Northern Territory 0.9 -0.4 1.4 -1.6 -5.4
Australian Capital Territory 0.2 -1.8 0.7 0.8 -0.5
Australia 0.6 1.0 2.7 0.6 -2.3
(a) Annual average.          
(b) Average weekly ordinary time earnings for full-time adult employees expressed in average 2021–22 dollars;
converted to real terms using the Consumer Price Index for each state or territory.
Care should be taken when comparing average weekly earnings of states over time due to compositional changes.
Sources: Australian Bureau of Statistics (May 2022), Average Weekly Earnings, Australia;
and ABS (June 2022), Consumer Price Index, Australia

2.3 Male total average weekly earnings

Graph - male total average weekly earnings

  2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 2020-21 2021-22
MTAWE (a) (b) – $ per week          
New South Wales 1 452.7 1 505.6 1 551.5 1 572.0 1 577.8
Victoria 1 368.5 1 407.1 1 471.1 1 504.7 1 549.6
Queensland 1 421.8 1 443.6 1 486.0 1 490.8 1 566.6
South Australia 1 269.3 1 277.3 1 327.8 1 353.8 1 421.5
Western Australia 1 649.4 1 643.0 1 710.4 1 754.7 1 811.7
Tasmania 1 248.7 1 265.1 1 282.9 1 279.5 1 326.2
Northern Territory 1 687.5 1 572.8 1 602.7 1 559.3 1 562.5
Australian Capital Territory 1 615.9 1 640.6 1 597.0 1 638.8 1 727.2
Australia 1 436.6 1 468.1 1 518.0 1 541.0 1 582.1
Annual change – per cent          
New South Wales 1.8 3.6 3.0 1.3 0.4
Victoria 2.7 2.8 4.6 2.3 3.0
Queensland 3.8 1.5 2.9 0.3 5.1
South Australia -1.5 0.6 4.0 2.0 5.0
Western Australia 0.7 -0.4 4.1 2.6 3.2
Tasmania 5.1 1.3 1.4 -0.3 3.7
Northern Territory 1.7 -6.8 1.9 -2.7 0.2
Australian Capital Territory 5.1 1.5 -2.7 2.6 5.4
Australia 2.1 2.2 3.4 1.5 2.7
(a) Annual average of bi-annual data.        
(b) Total average weekly earnings for all male employees. Not adjusted for CPI.
Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics (May 2022), Average Weekly Earnings, Australia

2.4 Female total average weekly earnings

Graph - female total average weekly earnings

  2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 2020-21 2021-22
FTAWE (a) (b) – $ per week          
New South Wales 1 020.4 1 052.2 1 082.4 1 085.7 1 152.3
Victoria  950.8  991.1 1 054.3 1 059.4 1 067.4
Queensland  906.9  967.5 1 032.6 1 029.8 1 073.5
South Australia  886.7  907.1  955.1  987.5 1 024.8
Western Australia  971.5  964.1 1 026.4 1 028.7 1 100.4
Tasmania  829.8  854.5  898.2  950.7  979.0
Northern Territory 1 158.9 1 190.7 1 250.9 1 214.0 1 256.3
Australian Capital Territory 1 234.9 1 291.2 1 375.4 1 359.9 1 394.6
Australia  967.9 1 003.6 1 055.4 1 059.8 1 104.4
Annual change – per cent          
New South Wales 4.4 3.1 2.9 0.3 6.1
Victoria 4.5 4.2 6.4 0.5 0.8
Queensland 1.7 6.7 6.7 -0.3 4.2
South Australia 2.3 2.3 5.3 3.4 3.8
Western Australia -0.9 -0.8 6.5 0.2 7.0
Tasmania 1.4 3.0 5.1 5.8 3.0
Northern Territory 3.6 2.7 5.1 -2.9 3.5
Australian Capital Territory 1.1 4.6 6.5 -1.1 2.6
Australia 3.0 3.7 5.2 0.4 4.2
(a) Annual average of bi-annual data.        
(b) Total average weekly earnings for all female employees. Not adjusted for CPI.
Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics (May 2022), Average Weekly Earnings, Australia

2.5 Wage price index

Graph - wage price index

  2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 2020-21 2021-22
Wage price index (a) (b)          
New South Wales  127.5  130.6  133.2  135.2  138.5
Victoria  128.5  131.9  135.1  137.1  140.3
Queensland  127.9  130.8  133.3  135.4  138.7
South Australia  128.4  131.2  134.3  136.4  139.3
Western Australia  128.3  130.3  132.5  134.4  137.4
Tasmania  128.3  131.6  134.7  137.2  141.1
Northern Territory  128.3  131.0  134.0  136.4  139.2
Australian Capital Territory  126.4  129.0  132.0  133.9  137.3
Australia  127.9  130.9  133.7  135.7  138.9
Annual change – per cent          
New South Wales 2.1 2.4 2.0 1.5 2.4
Victoria 2.3 2.6 2.4 1.5 2.3
Queensland 2.2 2.3 1.9 1.6 2.4
South Australia 2.1 2.2 2.4 1.6 2.1
Western Australia 1.4 1.6 1.7 1.4 2.2
Tasmania 2.3 2.6 2.4 1.9 2.8
Northern Territory 1.3 2.1 2.3 1.8 2.1
Australian Capital Territory 1.9 2.1 2.3 1.4 2.5
Australia 2.0 2.3 2.1 1.5 2.4
(a) Index value at June of the financial year.        
(b) Total hourly rate of pay index excluding bonuses, all sectors. Base: 2008–09 = 100.0.
Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics (June 2022), Wage Price Index, Australia

2.6 Consumer price index

Graph - consumer price index

  2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 2020-21 2021-22
Consumer price index (a)          
Sydney  113.4  115.2  116.4  118.2  122.8
Melbourne  112.7  114.7  116.6  118.3  123.0
Brisbane  112.3  114.1  115.4  117.8  124.1
Adelaide  111.3  113.1  115.1  116.8  121.8
Perth  109.9  111.3  112.8  114.6  121.5
Hobart  110.5  113.3  116.1  118.2  124.0
Darwin  109.7  110.7  110.9  113.1  119.9
Canberra  110.7  113.0  114.4  116.8  122.5
Weighted average eight
capital cities
 112.3  114.1  115.7  117.5  122.8
Annual change – per cent (b)          
Sydney 2.0 1.7 1.0 1.5 3.9
Melbourne 2.3 1.7 1.7 1.4 4.0
Brisbane 1.7 1.6 1.2 2.1 5.4
Adelaide 2.3 1.5 1.8 1.5 4.2
Perth 0.9 1.3 1.3 1.6 6.0
Hobart 2.1 2.5 2.4 1.8 5.0
Darwin 1.0 0.9 0.2 2.0 6.0
Canberra 2.4 2.1 1.2 2.1 4.8
Weighted average eight
capital cities
1.9 1.6 1.3 1.6 4.4
(a) Annual average of quarterly data; base year for CPI is 2011-12.
(b) Change in the annual averages of table above.
Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics (June 2022), Consumer Price Index, Australia

Chapter 3: State Accounts

3.1 Gross state product

Graph - gross state product

  2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 2020-21
Gross state product, chain volume measures – $ million
New South Wales  599 371  613 020  628 073  624 588  633 635
Victoria  440 670  455 568  469 464  470 072  468 264
Queensland  347 445  360 646  363 975  361 709  368 977
South Australia  108 185  110 504  111 793  110 652  114 921
Western Australia  297 375  304 445  309 245  312 478  320 653
Tasmania  30 594  31 557  32 647  32 840  34 083
Northern Territory  24 653  25 125  24 849  26 339  26 181
Australian Capital Territory  37 652  39 102  40 670  42 187  43 374
Australia 1 885 807 1 939 948 1 980 942 1 980 866 2 010 087
Annual change – per cent          
New South Wales 2.6 2.3 2.5 -0.6 1.4
Victoria 3.8 3.4 3.1 0.1 -0.4
Queensland 2.5 3.8 0.9 -0.6 2.0
South Australia 1.8 2.1 1.2 -1.0 3.9
Western Australia -1.1 2.4 1.6 1.0 2.6
Tasmania 1.0 3.1 3.5 0.6 3.8
Northern Territory 1.5 1.9 -1.1 6.0 -0.6
Australian Capital Territory 3.9 3.8 4.0 3.7 2.8
Australia 2.3 2.9 2.1 0.0 1.5
Note: Gross state product is only published on a financial year basis.
2021-22 data will be released in November 2022.
Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics (2020-21), Australian National Accounts: State Accounts

3.2 Gross state product per capita

Graph - gross state product per capita

  2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 2020-21
Gross state product per capita, chain volume measures (a) – $    
New South Wales  76 825  77 403  78 151  76 760  77 532
Victoria  70 565  71 327  71 909  70 571  70 292
Queensland  71 142  72 666  72 065  70 416  71 027
South Australia  62 994  63 931  64 116  62 821  64 898
Western Australia  115 994  117 885  118 649  118 108  120 084
Tasmania  58 856  60 113  61 393  61 011  62 942
Northern Territory  100 141  101 780  101 097  107 412  106 183
Australian Capital Territory  92 401  94 023  96 108  98 513  100 523
Australia  77 335  78 322  78 713  77 518  78 245
Annual change – per cent          
New South Wales 0.9 0.8 1.0 -1.8 1.0
Victoria 1.3 1.1 0.8 -1.9 -0.4
Queensland 0.9 2.1 -0.8 -2.3 0.9
South Australia 1.1 1.5 0.3 -2.0 3.3
Western Australia -1.7 1.6 0.6 -0.5 1.7
Tasmania 0.2 2.1 2.1 -0.6 3.2
Northern Territory 0.6 1.6 -0.7 6.2 -1.1
Australian Capital Territory 1.7 1.8 2.2 2.5 2.0
Australia 0.6 1.3 0.5 -1.5 0.9
Note: Gross state product is only published on a financial year basis. 2021-22 data will be released in November 2022.
Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics (2020-21), Australian National Accounts: State Accounts

3.3 Labour productivity

Graph - labour productivity

  2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 2020-21
Gross State Product per hour worked, $ (a)      
New South Wales 407.0 404.0 394.8 398.3 405.4
Victoria 367.8 374.9 364.5 371.6 378.8
Queensland 376.0 376.7 369.8 373.9 374.6
South Australia 354.7 356.4 346.2 356.2 363.5
Western Australia 590.7 594.6 583.2 600.0 608.2
Tasmania 345.7 350.3 355.5 366.3 367.8
Northern Territory 428.1 443.2 447.5 495.9 503.4
Australian Capital Territory 460.6 460.0 471.7 487.1 487.9
Australia 407.2 408.9 400.2 407.5 413.5
Annual change – per cent          
New South Wales 4.3 -0.7 -2.3 0.9 1.8
Victoria 1.4 1.9 -2.8 1.9 1.9
Queensland 4.4 0.2 -1.8 1.1 0.2
South Australia 1.9 0.5 -2.8 2.9 2.1
Western Australia 2.1 0.7 -1.9 2.9 1.4
Tasmania 2.1 1.3 1.5 3.0 0.4
Northern Territory 2.1 3.5 1.0 10.8 1.5
Australian Capital Territory 4.4 -0.1 2.5 3.3 0.2
Australia 3.0 0.4 -2.1 1.8 1.5
(a) Gross state product (chain volume measures) per hour worked, all sectors (i.e. market and non-market sectors).
Note: Gross state product is only published on a financial year basis. 2021-22 data will be released in November 2022.
Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics (2020-21), Australian National Accounts: State Accounts, and ABS (August 2022), Labour Force, Australia

Chapter 4: Business Conditions

4.1 Value of retail sales

Graph - value of retail sales

  2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 2020-21 2021-22
Value – $ million          
New South Wales  102 074  104 233  105 594  116 225  119 762
Victoria  81 125  85 009  86 931  89 818  99 001
Queensland  62 498  64 841  68 691  76 568  81 021
South Australia  20 794  21 270  21 923  23 564  24 685
Western Australia  33 976  34 113  35 867  40 710  43 576
Tasmania  6 301  6 542  6 943  7 699  7 970
Northern Territory  3 155  3 098  3 211  3 580  3 618
Australian Capital Territory  5 803  6 027  6 269  7 036  6 944
Australia  315 725  325 133  335 428  365 201  386 578
Annual change – per cent          
New South Wales 2.8 2.1 1.3 10.1 3.0
Victoria 4.4 4.8 2.3 3.3 10.2
Queensland 1.0 3.7 5.9 11.5 5.8
South Australia 3.1 2.3 3.1 7.5 4.8
Western Australia -0.2 0.4 5.1 13.5 7.0
Tasmania 2.8 3.8 6.1 10.9 3.5
Northern Territory 1.0 -1.8 3.6 11.5 1.1
Australian Capital Territory 2.2 3.9 4.0 12.2 -1.3
Australia 2.5 3.0 3.2 8.9 5.9
Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics (July 2022), Retail Trade, Australia    

4.2 Dwelling approvals

Graph - dwellings approvals

  2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 2020-21 2021-22
Number (a)          
New South Wales  72 856  57 982  48 625  60 387  55 505
Victoria  75 830  60 332  60 232  68 467  65 480
Queensland  43 084  33 162  30 208  42 285  38 732
South Australia  12 761  10 762  11 732  14 079  12 895
Western Australia  18 377  15 432  14 344  26 935  19 019
Tasmania  2 858  3 221  3 203  4 272  3 266
Northern Territory   773   680   582   795   529
Australian Capital Territory  5 662  6 180  4 928  5 078  6 154
Australia  232 201  187 751  173 854  222 298  201 580
Annual change – per cent          
New South Wales 0.2 -20.4 -16.1 24.2 -8.1
Victoria 14.8 -20.4 -0.2 13.7 -4.4
Queensland -0.4 -23.0 -8.9 40.0 -8.4
South Australia 11.0 -15.7 9.0 20.0 -8.4
Western Australia -9.8 -16.0 -7.1 87.8 -29.4
Tasmania 27.0 12.7 -0.6 33.4 -23.5
Northern Territory -15.2 -12.0 -14.4 36.6 -33.5
Australian Capital Territory 2.5 9.1 -20.3 3.0 21.2
Australia 4.3 -19.1 -7.4 27.9 -9.3
(a) Houses and other dwellings (e.g. flats) intended for long-term residential use; includes both private and public sector dwellings.
Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics (July 2022), Building Approvals, Australia

4.3 Business investment

Graph - business investment

  2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 2020-21
Chain volume measures (a) – $ million        
New South Wales  57 104  62 975  66 637  64 410  64 574
Victoria  44 271  48 965  52 560  51 376  47 911
Queensland  42 029  47 256  43 417  41 613  39 854
South Australia  9 205  13 373  13 133  12 605  12 707
Western Australia  39 546  39 116  35 837  39 391  41 157
Tasmania  2 543  3 083  3 151  3 057  3 167
Northern Territory  9 689  8 103  3 283  2 585  2 919
Australian Capital Territory  2 637  2 735  2 840  3 301  2 923
Australia  206 879  225 549  220 876  218 339  215 211
Annual change – per cent          
New South Wales -0.4 10.3 5.8 -3.3 0.3
Victoria 2.7 10.6 7.3 -2.3 -6.7
Queensland 0.1 12.4 -8.1 -4.2 -4.2
South Australia -20.6 45.3 -1.8 -4.0 0.8
Western Australia -28.9 -1.1 -8.4 9.9 4.5
Tasmania 3.8 21.2 2.2 -3.0 3.6
Northern Territory 30.5 -16.4 -59.5 -21.3 12.9
Australian Capital Territory 9.3 3.7 3.8 16.2 -11.5
Australia -6.7 9.0 -2.1 -1.1 -1.4
(a) Private business gross fixed capital formation for other buildings and structures,
machinery and equipment, livestock and intangible fixed assets.
Note: National account data is only available for financial years. 2021-22 figures will be released in November 2022.
Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics (2020-21), Australian National Accounts: State Accounts

Chapter 5: Housing

5.1 Lending for owner occupied housing

Graph - lending for owner occupied housing

  2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 2020-21 2021-22
Value (a) – $ million          
New South Wales  56 429  47 417  53 797  77 032  84 608
Victoria  51 431  44 971  49 341  66 653  75 818
Queensland  30 051  26 625  28 112  45 005  47 183
South Australia  9 077  9 002  9 017  13 139  13 544
Western Australia  14 734  12 759  13 061  24 155  24 266
Tasmania  2 488  2 624  2 589  3 621  3 340
Northern Territory   920   809   713  1 242  1 302
Australian Capital Territory  4 047  3 756  4 125  5 762  6 146
Australia  169 175  147 964  160 755  236 609  256 207
Annual change – per cent          
New South Wales 8.5 -16.0 13.5 43.2 9.8
Victoria 15.3 -12.6 9.7 35.1 13.7
Queensland 1.6 -11.4 5.6 60.1 4.8
South Australia 0.0 -0.8 0.2 45.7 3.1
Western Australia -4.8 -13.4 2.4 84.9 0.5
Tasmania 8.3 5.5 -1.4 39.9 -7.7
Northern Territory -2.7 -12.0 -11.8 74.2 4.8
Australian Capital Territory 14.7 -7.2 9.8 39.7 6.7
Australia 7.4 -12.5 8.6 47.2 8.3
(a) Lending commitments by all types of lenders for the construction and purchase of new or established owner occupied dwellings.
Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics (July 2022), Lending indicators

Chapter 6: Public Sector Finances

6.1 General government sector fiscal balance

Graph - general government sector fiscal balance

  2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 2020-21
General government sector fiscal balance (a) – $ million      
New South Wales - 503 -3 035 -8 456 -19 072 -18 197
Victoria -1 985 -6 163 -6 049 -17 576 -27 785
Queensland 1 332 - 108 -2 883 -10 065 -6 962
South Australia -2 324 - 889  196 -2 908 -2 717
Western Australia -3 941 -1 981  279 - 48 3 957
Tasmania  680 - 57 - 231 - 770 - 536
Northern Territory - 469 - 703 - 868 -1 206 - 903
Australian Capital Territory - 206 - 222 -1 417 -1 067 - 741
Total (b) -7 422 -13 160 -19 458 -52 702 -53 875
General government sector fiscal balance – percentage of gross state product    
New South Wales -0.1 -0.5 -1.4 -3.1 -2.8
Victoria -0.5 -1.4 -1.3 -3.7 -5.9
Queensland 0.4 0.0 -0.8 -2.8 -1.9
South Australia -2.3 -0.8 0.2 -2.6 -2.3
Western Australia -1.6 -0.8 0.1 0.0 1.1
Tasmania 2.4 -0.2 -0.7 -2.3 -1.5
Northern Territory -2.0 -2.9 -3.5 -4.6 -3.6
Australian Capital Territory -0.6 -0.6 -3.5 -2.5 -1.7
Total (c) -0.4 -0.7 -1.0 -2.7 -2.6
(a) The financing requirement of government. A positive sign, or fiscal surplus, indicates a net lending position; a negative sign, or fiscal deficit, indicates a net borrowing position.
(b) The sum of all state and territory jurisdictions may not agree with the total, due to transfers between jurisdictions.
(c) Total or aggregate fiscal balance for all jurisdictions is expressed as a percentage of gross state product.
Note: Annual Government Finance Statistics data is published on a financial year basis. 2021-22 figures will be released in April 2023.
Sources: Australian Bureau of Statistics (2020-21), Government Finance Statistics, Annual; ABS (2020-21), Australian National Accounts: State Accounts

6.2 State and local government taxation revenue

Graph - state and local government taxation revenue

  2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 2019-20 2020-21
General government sector taxation revenue – $ million      
New South Wales 35 295 35 838 36 222 35 821 39 325
Victoria 26 533 28 254 29 195 28 934 29 650
Queensland 16 721 17 210 18 311 18 374 20 529
South Australia 5 935 6 130 6 208 6 244 6 606
Western Australia 10 747 10 837 11 003 11 515 12 497
Tasmania 1 491 1 561 1 620 1 706 1 827
Northern Territory  737  770  800  633  676
Australian Capital Territory 1 695 1 718 1 934 1 949 2 059
Total (a) 99 155 102 317 105 293 105 176 113 168
General government sector taxation revenue per capita - $      
New South Wales 4 505 4 503 4 487 4 382 4 795
Victoria 4 249 4 424 4 472 4 344 4 453
Queensland 3 421 3 465 3 622 3 575 3 950
South Australia 3 456 3 546 3 560 3 545 3 731
Western Australia 4 184 4 187 4 212 4 342 4 670
Tasmania 2 841 2 947 3 016 3 142 3 348
Northern Territory 2 994 3 119 3 259 2 581 2 746
Australian Capital Territory 4 160 4 131 4 570 4 551 4 779
Commonwealth 15 932 17 254 18 107 17 513 18 734
(a) Total is the sum of taxation revenue from all state and local government sources, not taxation revenue for Australia as it excludes Commonwealth taxation.
Note: Taxation revenue data is only available for financial years. 2021-22 figures will be released in April 2023.
Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics (2020-21), Taxation Revenue, Australia

Chapter 7: Exports

7.1 Merchandise exports

Graph - merchandise exports

  2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 2020-21 2021-22
Merchandise exports (a) – $ million        
New South Wales  47 597  53 820  48 893  45 790  81 669
Victoria  26 824  28 148  28 386  25 468  32 156
Queensland  74 263  87 249  76 248  57 890  118 977
South Australia  12 042  11 716  11 129  12 734  14 636
Western Australia  129 698  162 318  184 337  223 001  241 756
Tasmania  3 675  3 658  3 645  3 821  4 743
Northern Territory  5 721  9 412  12 387  9 405  16 926
Australian Capital Territory   23   17   81   55   125
Australia (b)  314 479  372 621  382 179  396 230  532 728
Merchandise exports – percentage of gross state product      
New South Wales   7.9   8.6   7.8   7.1  
Victoria   6.1   6.1   6.0   5.4  
Queensland   21.2   23.8   21.1   15.8  
South Australia   11.4   10.7   10.1   10.8  
Western Australia   50.7   56.5   59.0   61.6  
Tasmania   12.3   11.5   11.1   11.0  
Northern Territory   23.9   37.6   47.0   37.5  
Australian Capital Territory   0.1   0.0   0.2   0.1  
Australia (b)   17.1   19.1   19.3   19.2  
(a) State in which the final stage of manufacture or production occurs. FOB [Free on board] value.
(b) Includes re-exports and state figures not available for publication. Australian total, therefore, may not equal sum of states and territories.
Note: Gross State Product data for 2021-22 will be released in November 2022.
Sources: Australian Bureau of Statistics (July 2022), International Trade in Goods and Services, Australia; ABS, Australian National Accounts: State Accounts, 2020-21

Chapter 8: Social Statistics

8.1 Population

Graph - population

  2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 2020-21
Population (a) – '000          
New South Wales 7 850.9 7 945.6 8 034.3 8 094.3 8 115.1
Victoria 6 299.8 6 418.2 6 530.9 6 606.1 6 569.8
Queensland 4 928.4 5 010.5 5 094.7 5 175.0 5 222.7
South Australia 1 729.6 1 748.0 1 770.0 1 793.5 1 796.9
Western Australia 2 587.6 2 621.1 2 663.8 2 718.4 2 736.6
Tasmania  528.3  540.1  552.3  563.5  564.3
Northern Territory  248.2  248.4  248.2  248.9  248.7
Australian Capital Territory  416.8  430.1  441.3  450.6  451.2
Australia 24 594.2 24 966.6 25 340.2 25 655.3 25 710.0
Annual change – per cent          
New South Wales 1.5 1.2 1.1 0.7 0.3
Victoria 2.1 1.9 1.8 1.2 -0.6
Queensland 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.6 0.9
South Australia 1.0 1.1 1.3 1.3 0.2
Western Australia 1.2 1.3 1.6 2.0 0.7
Tasmania 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.0 0.1
Northern Territory 1.0 0.1 -0.1 0.3 -0.1
Australian Capital Territory 3.4 3.2 2.6 2.1 0.1
Australia 1.7 1.5 1.5 1.2 0.2
(a) Estimated resident population numbers are as at June of each year. 2021-22 figures will be released in December 2022.
Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics (March 2022), National, state and territory population

 8.2 Capped apparent school retention rates

Graph - capped apparent school retention rates

  2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Apparent retention rates from Year 10 to Year 12 (a)      
New South Wales 77.5 76.3 75.8 77.5 76.3
Victoria 85.3 84.7 83.3 83.9 83.9
Queensland 87.8 87.8 88.1 83.7 83.2
South Australia 91.7 90.8 89.1 88.6 87.1
Western Australia 83.1 85.0 85.5 85.8 85.6
Tasmania 71.5 73.2 74.3 73.9 74.5
Northern Territory 70.2 65.1 64.1 70.4 67.5
Australian Capital Territory 92.1 90.0 89.8 90.1 89.7
Australia 83.3 82.8 82.0 82.1 81.6
Apparent retention rates from Year 7/8 to Year 12 (b)      
New South Wales 78.9 77.8 77.1 78.4 77.1
Victoria 88.5 88.7 87.4 87.6 87.5
Queensland 89.1 89.2 91.3 85.3 85.3
South Australia 94.7 94.6 93.4 92.7 91.1
Western Australia 82.3 83.3 83.5 83.9 83.6
Tasmania 71.5 74.0 75.5 74.9 75.7
Northern Territory 58.6 52.5 54.3 57.8 56.8
Australian Capital Territory 94.8 92.8 94.0 91.9 90.9
Australia 84.8 84.5 84.0 83.6 83.1
(a) The number of full-time school students in Year 12 expressed as a percentage of the corresponding group at the commencement of their Year 10 schooling.
(b) The number of full-time school students in Year 12 expressed as a percentage of the corresponding group at the commencement of their secondary schooling.
Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics (2021), Schools

 8.3 General practice bulk billing

Graph - general practice bulk billing

  2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 2020-21 2021-22
General practice bulk billing rate (a) – per cent        
New South Wales   88.9   88.9   89.8   90.7   88.6
Victoria   85.4   85.5   87.2   89.4   87.2
Queensland   85.9   85.9   87.2   88.1   87.0
South Australia   84.9   85.2   86.6   87.8   85.9
Western Australia   84.0   85.3   86.7   86.8   78.3
Tasmania   76.5   76.4   78.3   79.6   87.9
Northern Territory   89.8   89.6   89.5   90.3   88.3
Australian Capital Territory   63.1   64.2   67.9   69.1   70.4
Australia   86.1   86.2   87.5   88.8   91.0
(a) Proportion of general practitioner attendances (excluding practice nurse), enhanced primary care and other non-referred attendances that are bulk billed.
Note: This data is only published on a financial year basis.
Source: Department of Health and Ageing (2021-22), Annual Medicare Statistics

Glossary

Apparent school retention rate. The number of full-time school students in a designated level/year of education expressed as a percentage of their respective cohort group (which is either at the commencement of their secondary schooling or Year 10). For a discussion of ‘apparent’ retention rates compared to actual retention rates, see the ABS source publication, Schools, Australia, 2014 (cat. no. 4221.0) explanatory notes.

Average weekly earnings. Average gross (before tax) earnings of employees.

Average weekly ordinary time earnings. Weekly earnings attributed to award, standard or agreed hours of work.

Bankruptcies. Bankruptcies and Administration Orders under Parts IV and XI of the Bankruptcy Act 1966.

Business investment. Private gross fixed capital formation for machinery and equipment; non-dwelling construction; livestock; and intangible fixed assets.

Consumer price index. A measure of change in the price of a basket of goods and services from a base period. Changes in the consumer price index are the most commonly used measures of inflation.

Dependency ratio. Ratio of the economically inactive to economically active population. Shows the number of children aged 0–14 years and persons aged 65 years and over, per 100 persons aged 15–64 years.

Employed persons. Persons aged 15 and over who, during a period of one week, worked for one hour or more for pay or worked for one hour or more without pay in a family business or on a family farm.

Free on board [FOB]. The free on board price of exports and imports of goods is the market value of the goods at the point of uniform valuation, (the customs frontier of the economy from which they are exported).

General government sector. Government departments and other entities that provide largely non-market public services and are funded mainly through taxes and other compulsory levies.

General government sector net debt. Selected liabilities (deposits held plus proceeds from advances plus borrowing) minus selected assets (cash and deposits plus investments plus advances outstanding) of the general government sector.

General government sector fiscal balance. The financing requirement of the general government sector. A positive sign, or fiscal surplus, indicates a net lending position; a negative sign, or fiscal deficit, indicates a net borrowing position.

General practice bulk billing rate. The percentage of general practitioner attendances (excluding practice nurse) that are bulk billed.

Gross domestic product. The total market value of goods and services produced within Australia, after deducting the cost of goods and services used up in the process of production but before deducting for depreciation.

Gross state product. Equivalent to gross domestic product except it refers to production within a state or territory rather than to the nation as a whole.

Gross state product—chain volume measures. Also known as real gross state product, this is a measure used to indicate change in the actual quantity of goods and services produced within a state or territory.

Gross state product per capita. The ratio of the chain volume measure of gross state product to an estimate of the resident population in the state or territory.

Job vacancy. A job available for immediate filling and for which recruitment action has been taken.

Job vacancy rate. The number of job vacancies expressed as a percentage of the number of employee jobs plus the number of job vacancies.

Labour force. The employed plus the unemployed.

Labour force participation rate. The number of persons in the labour force expressed as a percentage of the civilian population aged 15 years and over.

Labour productivity. Gross state product (chain volume measures) per hour worked, all sectors (that is, market and non-market sectors).

Long-term unemployed. Persons unemployed for a period of 52 weeks or more.

Male total average weekly earnings. Weekly ordinary time earnings plus weekly overtime earnings of all male employees. This measure of earnings is used in the process of benchmarking pensions.

Real average weekly earnings. Average weekly earnings adjusted for inflation as measured by the Consumer Price Index.

Total fertility rate. The average number of children females will bear during their lifetime.

Turnover. Includes retail sales; wholesale sales; takings from repairs, meals and hiring of goods; commissions from agency activity; and net takings from gaming machines. Turnover includes the Goods and Services Tax.

Unemployed persons. Persons aged 15 and over who, during a period of one week, were not employed but had actively looked for work in the previous four weeks and were available to start work.

Unemployment rate. The number of unemployed persons expressed as a percentage of the labour force.

Wage price index. A measure of change in the price of labour (that is, wages, salaries and overtime) unaffected by changes in the quality or quantity of work performed.

Youth unemployment. Number of 15–24 year olds looking for full-time work.

Youth unemployment rate. Number of 15–24 year olds looking for full-time work expressed as a percentage of the full-time labour force in the same age group.


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