Footnotes

[1] The figures are in 2003-04 prices. They reflect only the cost of 'media placement' over this period, and do not include the cost of the design and production of the advertisements, public relations, market research and evaluation costs, or publication and distribution costs.

[2] The figure of $55 million expended in 1996-97 is only the amount spent on media placement, whereas the $55 million on the WorkChoices campaign includes the cost of a call centre and information booklets, as well as advertising costs.

[3] Senator the Hon. Eric Abetz, Submission 9a, p.1; Committee Hansard, 19 August 2005, p. 77.

[4] Senator Michael Forshaw, Committee Hansard, 19 August 2005, p. 81.

[5] Senator Michael Forshaw, Committee Hansard, 19 August 2005, p. 81.

[6] Senator the Hon. Eric Abetz, Submission 9a, p. 8.

[7] Dr Young's publications include: The Persuaders: Inside the Hidden Machine of Political Advertising, Pluto Press, Melbourne 2004; 'Killing competition: Restricting access to political communication channels in Australia', AQ: Journal of Contemporary Analysis, vol.75 (3), May-June 2003; and, 'Spot on: The role of political advertising in Australia', Australian Journal of Political Science, vol.37 (1), March 2002.

[8] Dr Sally Young, Submission 3a, pp 7-8.

[9] Dr Sally Young, Submission 3a, p. 7; Committee Hansard, 18 August 2005, p. 1.

[10] Senator the Hon. Eric Abetz, Committee Hansard, 19 August 2005, p. 79; Submission 9a,
pp 20-22.

[11] Senator the Hon. Eric Abetz, Committee Hansard, 19 August 2005, p. 79.

[12] Mr Harry Evans, Committee Hansard, 19 August 2005, p. 1.

[13] Professor Charles Sampford, Submission 4a, p. 1.

[14] The Committee is aware of ongoing attacks upon Dr Young by Senator Abetz's staffer, Peter Phelps, in www.crikey.com.au.

[15] See Government Communications Unit website, http://www.gcu.gov.au/code/cas/index.html (accessed October 2005).

[16] Australian Government, Guidelines for Australian Government Information Activities: Principles and Procedures, February 1995 [updated only to reflect changes in titles and names], p. 1.

[17] Dr Richard Grant, Research Note No.62, Parliamentary Library, 21 June 2004, p. 2.

[18] Senate Finance and Public Administration Legislation Committee, Report on Charter of Political Honesty Bill 2000 [2002]; Electoral Amendment (Political Honesty) Bill 2000 [2002]; Provisions of the Government Advertising (Objectivity, Fairness and Accountability) Bill 2000; Auditor of Parliamentary Allowances and Entitlements Bill 2000 [No.2], August 2002 [hereafter, Political Honesty Report], p. 100.

[19] Senate Finance and Public Administration Legislation Committee, Political Honesty Report,
p. 101; see also Broadcasting Services Act 1992, ss 2 (1).

[20] Senate Finance and Public Administration Legislation Committee, Political Honesty Report,
p. 101.

[21] Dr Richard Grant, Research Note No.62, Parliamentary Library, 21 June 2004, p. 1.

[22] Dr Graeme Orr, Submission 2, p. 6.

[23] Press Release (Hon. John Howard MP), Auditor-General to examine Government advertising, 5 September 1995.

[24] Press Release (Hon. John Howard MP), Auditor-General to examine Government advertising, 5 September 1995.

[25] Dr Sally Young, Submission 3, p. 8.

[26] Senator the Hon. John Faulkner, Senate Hansard, 29 June 2000, p. 16140.

[27] Auditor-General, Taxation Reform: Community Education and Information Programme, Audit Report No. 12, 29 October 1998; Joint Committee of Public Accounts and Audit, Guidelines for Government Advertising (Report 377), September 2000; Senate Finance and Public Administration Legislation Committee, Political Honesty Report, August 2002.

[28] See Public Health Association, Submission 1; Dr Graeme Orr, Submission 2; Dr Sally Young, Submission 3; Professor Charles Sampford, Submission 4; Mr Harry Evans, Submission 6; Professor Stephen Bartos, Submission 7; and Professor Tony Harris, Submission 8.

[29] Submission 3, p. 3.

[30] Submission 6, p. 2.

[31] Submission 2, p. 4.

[32] Submission 4, p. 1.

[33] Submission 7, p. 3.

[34] Submission 2, p. 4.

[35] Senator the Hon. Eric Abetz, Committee Hansard, 19 August 2005, p. 78.

[36] Senator the Hon. Eric Abetz, Submission 9, p. 2.

[37] Dr Sally Young, Submission 3a; The Agency Register, Submission 10a.

[38] Mr Harry Evans, Submission 6b and Submission 6c.

[39] See, for example, Dr Graeme Orr, Submission 2; Dr Sally Young, Submission 3; Professor Charles Sampford, Submission 4; Mr Tony Harris, Submission 8.

[40] Senator the Hon. Eric Abetz, Submission 9.

[41] Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet, Submission 5, p. 4. The department has confirmed that $929 million was expended in the period 1996-97 to 2003-04.

[42] Senator the Hon. Eric Abetz, Committee Hansard, 19 August 2005, p. 77.

[43] Dr Richard Grant, Research Note No.62, Parliamentary Library, 21 June 2004, p. 2.

[44] The Committee notes that there is a variation of $5 million in the figures arrived at by adding the amounts from these sources, and the total provided in evidence by the GCU and the Minister.

[45] Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet, Submission 5, p. 4.

[46] See, for example, Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet, Annual Report 2002-03, p.77; and, Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet, Annual Report 2003-04, p. 94.

[47] Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet, Annual Report 2003-04, p. 147; Submission 5, p. 1.

[48] Mr Greg Williams, Estimates Hansard, Senate Finance and Public Administration Legislation Committee, 25 May 2004, p. 132.

[49] Estimates Hansard, Senate Finance and Public Administration Legislation Committee, 25 May 2004, p. 132.

[50] Estimates Hansard, Senate Finance and Public Administration Legislation Committee, 25 May 2004, p. 133.

[51] Mr Greg Williams, Committee Hansard, 7 October 2005, p. 14.

[52] Estimates Hansard, Senate Finance and Public Administration Legislation Committee, 25 May 2004, p. 133.

[53] Department of Health and Ageing, answer to question on notice, 18 May 2004 (received 30 May 2005).

[54] Department of Health and Ageing, Annual Report 2003-04, p. 458.

[55] Senator the Hon. Eric Abetz, Committee Hansard, 19 August 2005, p. 77.

[56] See, for example, 'Evaluation of the Regional Health Strategy Communication Strategy' and 'Evaluation of the "Informing Consumers of the Real Cost of PBS Medicines" Initiative', Department of Health and Ageing, Annual Report 2003-04, p. 467.

[57] Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet, Annual Report 2003-04, p. 147.

[58] Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet, Annual Report 2003-04, pp 150ff.

[59] Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet's Requirements for Annual Reports for Departments, Executive Agencies and FMA Act Bodies, June 2005, p. 11.

[60] Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet's Requirements for Annual Reports for Departments, Executive Agencies and FMA Act Bodies, June 2005, p. 12.

[61] Commonwealth Electoral Act 1918, ss 311A (1).

[62] See Grey Worldwide Pty Ltd website, http://www.greyworldwide.com.au/canberra/home.htm (accessed 11 October 2005).

[63] Committee Hansard, 7 October 2005, pp 15-16.

[64] Mr Greg Williams, Correspondence to Committee, 20 October 2005.

[65] Mr Greg Williams, Correspondence to Committee, 20 October 2005.

[66] Late answers to some questions on notice, including this matter, are included in Appendix 9.

[67] See also, for example, Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, Annual Report 2003-04, pp 253-255, 266-270; and the Department of Education, Science and Training, Annual Report 2003-04, pp 208-236.

[68] Commonwealth Electoral Act 1918, ss 311A (2).

[69] Department of Education, Science and Training, Annual Report 2003-04, p. 208.

[70] Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet, Annual Report 2003-04, p. 147.

[71] Senator the Hon. Robert Hill, Response to Return to Order of 29 October 2003, 12 February 2004, cited in Submissions 5 and 9.

[72] See Senator the Hon. Eric Abetz, Submission 9, p. 2; Dr Richard Grant, Research Note No.62, Parliamentary Library, 21 June 2004, p. 2.

[73] Estimates Hansard, Senate Finance and Public Administration Legislation Committee, 31 October 2005, p. 75. See the discussion of the confusion in estimated expenditure in this campaign in Chapter 4.

[74] The table is derived from Dr Richard Grant, Research Note No.62, Parliamentary Library, 21 June 2004, p. 2.

[75] Senator the Hon. Eric Abetz, Committee Hansard, 19 August 2005, pp 77-78.

[76] The Sydney Morning Herald, 29 July 2002.

[77] Press Release (Hon. John Howard MP), Auditor-General to examine Government advertising, 5 September 1995.

[78] Submission 9, p. 2.

[79] Submission 9, p. 2.

[80] Submission 9, p. 2.

[81] Mr Greg Williams, Committee Hansard, 19 August 2005, p. 87.

[82] Mr Harry Evans, Submission 6, p. 1.

[83] Dr Sally Young, Submission 3, pp 4-5. The same point about the family assistance advertisements was made by Dr Graeme Orr, Submission 2, p. 8.

[84] Submission 3, p. 5.

[85] Professor Stephen Bartos, Submission 7, p. 4.

[86] Dr Graeme Orr, Submission 2, p. 4.

[87] Mr Tony Harris, Submission 8, p. 2.

[88] Dr Richard Grant, Research Note No.62, Parliamentary Library, 21 June 2004, p. 3.

[89] Auditor-General, Taxation Reform: Community Education and Information Programme, Audit Report No.12, October 1998, p. 28.

[90] Dr Richard Grant, Research Note No.62, Parliamentary Library, 21 June 2004, p. 3.

[91] Dr Sally Young, Submission 3, p. 6.

[92] Dr Graeme Orr, Submission 2, p. 4.

[93] Professor Stephen Bartos, Submission 7, p.10. See also Professor Stephen Bartos, Committee Hansard, 19 August 2005, p. 56.

[94] Auditor-General, Taxation Reform: Community Education and Information Program, Audit Report No.12, October 1998, pp 48-49.

[95] Auditor-General, Taxation Reform: Community Education and Information Program, Audit Report No.12, October 1998, p. 48.

[96] Auditor-General, Taxation Reform: Community Education and Information Program, Audit Report No.12, October 1998, p. 48.

[97] Auditor-General, Taxation Reform: Community Education and Information Program, Audit Report No.12, October 1998, p. 49.

[98] Senator the Hon. Eric Abetz, Submission 9a, p. 3.

[99] Senator the Hon. Eric Abetz, Committee Hansard, 19 August 2005, p. 78.

[100] Submission 9a, p. 3.

[101] See Dr Sally Young, Submission 3b, p.1. The Canadian Government guidelines are contained in the Communications Policy of the Government of Canada, which is available at http://www.tbs-sct.gc.ca/pubs_pol/sipubs/comm/comm_e.asp (accessed 31 October 2005).

[102] Submission 3b, pp 13-15.

[103] Submission 3b, p. 3.

[104] Senator the Hon. Eric Abetz, Committee Hansard, 19 August 2005, p. 85.

[105] Committee Hansard, 19 August 2005, p. 84.

[106] Mr Greg Williams, Committee Hansard, 19 August 2005, p. 86.

[107] Mr Greg Williams, Committee Hansard, 19 August 2005, p. 87.

[108] The Hon. Mr John Howard MP, House of Representatives Hansard, 26 May 2005, pp 38-43.

[109] The Hon. Mr John Howard MP, House of Representatives Hansard, 26 May 2005, p. 39; see also, Combet v Commonwealth of Australia [2005] HCA 61 (21 October 2005), Kirby J., http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/cases/cth/high_ct/2005.61.html (accessed 24 October 2005),
at 177.

[110] Combet v Commonwealth of Australia [2005] HCA 61 (21 October 2005), Kirby J., http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/cases/cth/high_ct/2005.61.html (accessed 24 October 2005),
at 178.

[111] Combet v Commonwealth of Australia [2005] HCA 61 (21 October 2005), Kirby J., http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/cases/cth/high_ct/2005.61.html (accessed 24 October 2005),
at 180.

[112] Combet v Commonwealth of Australia [2005] HCA 61 (21 October 2005), Gleeson CJ., http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/cases/cth/high_ct/2005.61.html (accessed 24 October 2005), at 1.

[113] The majority consisted of Chief Justice Gleeson, and Justices Gummow, Hayne, Callinan and Heydon.

[114] Budget Paper No.4, Agency Resourcing 2005-06, p. 4.

[115] Budget Paper No.4, Agency Resourcing 2005-06, p. 4.

[116] Budget Paper No.4, Agency Resourcing 2005-06, p. 4.

[117] Combet v Commonwealth of Australia [2005] HCA 61 (21 October 2005), Gleeson CJ., http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/cases/cth/high_ct/2005.61.html (accessed 24 October 2005), at 5.

[118] Combet v Commonwealth of Australia [2005] HCA 61 (21 October 2005), Gleeson CJ., http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/cases/cth/high_ct/2005.61.html (accessed 24 October 2005), at 6. The quote is from Brumby and Robinson, 'Performance Budgeting, an Overview', paper delivered at the International Seminar on Performance Budgeting, Brasilia, 2004.

[119] Combet v Commonwealth of Australia [2005] HCA 61 (21 October 2005), Gleeson CJ., http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/cases/cth/high_ct/2005.61.html (accessed 24 October 2005), at 6.

[120] See Combet v Commonwealth of Australia [2005] HCA 61 (21 October 2005), McHugh J., http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/cases/cth/high_ct/2005.61.html (accessed 24 October 2005), at 69.

[121] See Combet v Commonwealth of Australia [2005] HCA 61 (21 October 2005), Kirby J., http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/cases/cth/high_ct/2005.61.html (accessed 24 October 2005),
at 210.

[122] The majority consisted of Chief Justice Gleeson, and Justices Gummow, Hayne, Callinan and Heydon.

[123] Combet v Commonwealth of Australia [2005] HCA 61 (21 October 2005), Gleeson CJ., http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/cases/cth/high_ct/2005.61.html (accessed 24 October 2005), at 29.

[124] Combet v Commonwealth of Australia [2005] HCA 61 (21 October 2005), Gummow, Hayne, Callinan and Heydon JJ., http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/cases/cth/high_ct/2005.61.html (accessed 24 October 2005), at 135.

[125] Combet v Commonwealth of Australia [2005] HCA 61 (21 October 2005), Gummow, Hayne, Callinan and Heydon JJ., http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/cases/cth/high_ct/2005.61.html (accessed 24 October 2005), at 131-133.

[126] Combet v Commonwealth of Australia [2005] HCA 61 (21 October 2005), Gummow, Hayne, Callinan and Heydon JJ., http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/cases/cth/high_ct/2005.61.html (accessed 24 October 2005), at 136.

[127] Combet v Commonwealth of Australia [2005] HCA 61 (21 October 2005), McHugh J., http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/cases/cth/high_ct/2005.61.html (accessed 24 October 2005), at 93.

[128] Combet v Commonwealth of Australia [2005] HCA 61 (21 October 2005), McHugh J., http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/cases/cth/high_ct/2005.61.html (accessed 24 October 2005), at 94 and 95.

[129] Combet v Commonwealth of Australia [2005] HCA 61 (21 October 2005), McHugh J., http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/cases/cth/high_ct/2005.61.html (accessed 24 October 2005),
at 207.

[130] Combet v Commonwealth of Australia [2005] HCA 61 (21 October 2005), McHugh J., http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/cases/cth/high_ct/2005.61.html (accessed 24 October 2005),
at 207.

[131] Combet v Commonwealth of Australia [2005] HCA 61 (21 October 2005), McHugh J., http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/cases/cth/high_ct/2005.61.html (accessed 24 October 2005),
at 284.

[132] Mr Harry Evans, Submission 6b, p. 1.

[133] Mr Harry Evans, Submission 6c, pp 1-4.

[134] Mr Harry Evans, Submission 6b, p. 1.

[135] Mr Harry Evans, Submission 6c, p. 4.

[136] Mr Harry Evans, Submission 6b, p. 1.

[137] Mr Harry Evans, Submission 6e, p. 2.

[138] Mr Harry Evans, Submission 6e, p. 3.

[139] Mr Harry Evans, Submission 6e, p. 2.

[140] Mr Greg Williams, Estimates Hansard, Senate Finance and Public Administration Legislation Committee, 31 October 2005, p. 71.

[141] Senator the Hon. Robert Hill, Estimates Hansard, Senate Finance and Public Administration Legislation Committee, 31 October 2005, p. 79.

[142] Senator Andrew Murray, Estimates Hansard, Senate Finance and Public Administration Legislation Committee, 31 October 2005, p. 78.

[143] Mr Greg Williams, Estimates Hansard, Senate Finance and Public Administration Legislation Committee, 31 October 2005, pp 67, 75.

[144] Mr Greg Williams, Estimates Hansard, Senate Finance and Public Administration Legislation Committee, 31 October 2005, pp 68-75.

[145] Mr Greg Williams, Estimates Hansard, Senate Finance and Public Administration Legislation Committee, 31 October 2005, p. 95.

[146] http://www.abc.net.au/news/newsitems/200511/s1495370.htm (accessed 1 November 2005).

[147] http://www.abc.net.au/news/newsitems/200511/s1495543.htm (accessed 1 November 2005).

[148] Mr Greg Williams, Estimates Hansard, Senate Finance and Public Administration Legislation Committee, 31 October 2005, p. 94.

[149] Estimates Hansard, Senate Employment, Workplace Relations and Education Legislation Committee, 3 November 2005, p. 67.

[150] Estimates Hansard, Senate Employment, Workplace Relations and Education Legislation Committee, 3 November 2005, p. 67.

[151] Estimates Hansard, Senate Employment, Workplace Relations and Education Legislation Committee, 3 November 2005, p. 66.

[152] Estimates Hansard, Senate Employment, Workplace Relations and Education Legislation Committee, 3 November 2005, p. 66.

[153] Mr Chris Monnox, Submission 12, p. 1.

[154] Mr Pete Searle, Committee Hansard, 7 October 2005, p. 33.

[155] The full text of the advertisement is at Appendix 3.

[156] GCU, http://www.gcu.gov.au/code/about/index.html (accessed 14 September 2005).

[157] GCU, http://www.gcu.gov.au/index.html (accessed 14 September 2005).

[158] A definition of 'major' and 'sensitive' is provided in the discussion on the MCGC below.

[159] GCU, http://www.gcu.gov.au/code/about/index.html (accessed 14 September 2005); See also: Submission 5 (PM&C) p.3; http://www.ads.gov.au/dir154/tss/horizon/tender.nsf/About.html (accessed 14 September 2005); Dr Richard Grant, Research Note, Parliamentary Library, 21 June 2004; ads.gov.au: http://www.ads.gov.au/dir154/tss/horizon/tender.nsf/About.html (accessed 14 September 2005).

[160] Technically, this is a monopsony. Monopsony is a state in which demand comes from one source. If there is only one customer for a certain good, that customer has a monopsony in the market for that good; it is analogous to monopoly, but on the demand side, not the supply side.

[161] GCU, http://www.gcu.gov.au/code/about/index.html (accessed 14 September 2005).

[162] http://www.ads.gov.au/dir154/tss/horizon/tender.nsf/About.html (accessed 14 September 2005).

[163] Dr Sally Young, Submission 3, p.3; see also Dr Graeme Orr, Submission 2, p. 6.

[164] Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet, Submission 5, p. 1.

[165] Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet, Submission 5, p. 1.

[166] Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet, Submission 5, p. 1.

[167] Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet, Submission 5, p. 1.

[168] Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet, Annual Report 1998-99, p. 72.

[169] Auditor-General, Commonwealth Government Information and Advertising, Audit Report No. 30, 6 June 1995, pp 3-4.

[170] Finance and Public Administration Legislation Committee (2002) Report on the Charter of Political Honesty Bill 2000 [2002] and three related bills, p. 102.

[171] Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet, Submission 5, p. 2; GCU, http://www.gcu.gov.au/code/about/index.html#mcgc (accessed 14 September 2005); http://www.ads.gov.au/dir154/tss/horizon/tender.nsf/About.html (accessed 14 September 2005).

[172] GCU, http://www.gcu.gov.au/code/infodept/gcu_req.html (accessed 14 September 2005).

[173] Finance and Public Administration Legislation Committee (2002) Report on the Charter of Political Honesty Bill 2000 [2002] and three related bills, p. 102.

[174] GCU, http://www.gcu.gov.au/code/about/index.html#mcgc (accessed 14 September 2005).

[175] Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet, Guidelines for Australian Government Information Activities—Principles and Procedures, February 1995, p. 4.

[176] The current membership of the MCGC in addition to Senator Abetz is Mr Petro Georgiou MP, Mr Tony Smith MP, Mr Andrew Robb MP, Ms Sussan Ley MP and Mr Tony Knight. Estimates Hansard, Senate Finance and Public Administration Legislation Committee, 31 October 2005, p. 63.

[177] Committee Hansard, 19 August 2005, p. 107.

[178] Estimates Hansard, Finance and Public Administration Legislation Committee, 31 October 2005, p. 97.

[179] Estimates Hansard, Finance and Public Administration Legislation Committee, 31 October 2005, p. 97.

[180] GCU, http://www.gcu.gov.au/code/about/index.html#mcgc (accessed 14 September 2005).

[181] Committee Hansard, 19 August 2005, p. 78.

[182] Committee Hansard, 19 August 2005, p. 83.

[183] Committee Hansard, 19 August 2005, p. 93.

[184] Committee Hansard, 19 August 2005, p. 109.

[185] Committee Hansard, 19 August 2005, p. 87.

[186] Committee Hansard, 19 August 2005, p. 87.

[187] Committee Hansard, 19 August 2005, p. 87.

[188] Senator the Hon. Eric Abetz, Submission 9, p. 3.

[189] Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet, Submission 5, Attachment A.

[190] Committee Hansard, 19 August 2005, pp 88-89.

[191] Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet, Submission 5, Attachment A.

[192] Senator the Hon. Eric Abetz, Submission 9, p. 4.

[193] Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet, Annual Report 1998-99, p. 72; Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet, Submission 5, Attachment A.

[194] Committee Hansard, 19 August 2005, p. 86.

[195] Senator the Hon. Eric Abetz, Submission 9, p. 3.

[196] Committee Hansard, 19 August 2005, p. 86.

[197] Professor Stephen Bartos, Submission 7, p. 9.

[198] Professor Stephen Bartos, Submission 7, p. 9.

[199] Professor Stephen Bartos, Submission 7, pp 9-10.

[200] Professor Stephen Bartos, Submission 7, p. 10.

[201] The Agency Register, Submission 10, p. 1.

[202] Professor Stephen Bartos, Submission 7, p. 10.

[203] Mr Greg Williams, Committee Hansard, 7 October 2005, p. 25.

[204] Mr Greg Williams, Estimates Hansard, Senate Finance and Public Administration Legislation Committee, 31 October 2005, p. 99.

[205] Mr John Kovacic, Estimates Hansard, Senate Employment, Workplace Relations and Education Committee, 3 November 2005, p. 62.

[206] Mr John Kovacic, Estimates Hansard, Senate Employment, Workplace Relations and Education Legislation Committee, 3 November 2005, p. 62.

[207] Mr Greg Williams, Estimates Hansard, Senate Finance and Public Administration Legislation Committee, 31 October 2005, p. 99.

[208] Mr Greg Williams, Estimates Hansard, Senate Finance and Public Administration Legislation Committee, 31 October 2005, p. 99.

[209] Estimates Hansard, Senate Finance and Public Administration Legislation Committee, 25 May 2004, pp 143-145.

[210] See paras 6.15-6.18.

[211] Senator the Hon. Eric Abetz, Committee Hansard, 19 August 2005, p. 102.

[212] Senator the Hon. Eric Abetz, Committee Hansard, 19 August 2005, p. 105. The Committee notes that these remarks do not appear to square entirely with either John Howard's promise to amend these same guidelines prior to the 1996 election, or with Senator Abetz's insinuation that the Carr government's spending on advertising in 2000-01 (using the guidelines) was excessive. See Committee Hansard, 19 August 2005, pp 77-78.

[213] Australian Government, Guidelines for Australian Government Information Activities: Principles and Procedures, February 1995, p. 2.

[214] Australian Government, Guidelines for Australian Government Information Activities: Principles and Procedures, February 1995, p. 3.

[215] Australian Government, Guidelines for Australian Government Information Activities: Principles and Procedures, February 1995, p. 3.

[216] Australian Government, Guidelines for Australian Government Information Activities: Principles and Procedures, February 1995, p. 5.

[217] Australian Government, Guidelines for Australian Government Information Activities: Principles and Procedures, February 1995, pp 3, 6.

[218] Australian Government, Guidelines for Australian Government Information Activities: Principles and Procedures, February 1995, p. 5.

[219] Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet, answers to questions on notice, 19 August 2005 (received 7 October 2005).

[220] Auditor-General, Taxation Reform: Community Education and Information Program, Audit Report No.12, October 1998, p. 22 [emphasis in original].

[221] Auditor-General, Taxation Reform: Community Education and Information Program, Audit Report No.12, October 1998, p. 28.

[222] Auditor-General, Taxation Reform: Community Education and Information Program, Audit Report No.12, October 1998, p. 30.

[223] The Committee examined four individual pieces of proposed legislation – three Private Senators' Bills and a Private Member's Bill – all of which attempted to address issues of probity in public affairs and public confidence in the institutions of government. Senate Finance and Public Administration Legislation Committee, Report on the Charter of Political Honesty Bill 2000 [2002]; Electoral Amendment (Political Honesty) Bill 2000 [2002]; Provisions of the Government Advertising (Objectivity, Fairness and Accountability) Bill 2000; Auditor of Parliamentary Allowances and Entitlements Bill 2000 [No.2], August 2002 [hereafter, Political Honesty Report].

[224] Senate Finance and Public Administration Legislation Committee, Political Honesty Report,
p. 121.

[225] Senate Finance and Public Administration Legislation Committee, Political Honesty Report,
p. 121.

[226] Senate Finance and Public Administration Legislation Committee, Political Honesty Report,
p. 121.

[227] Senate Finance and Public Administration Legislation Committee, Political Honesty Report,
p. 121.

[228] Professor Charles Sampford, Submission 4, p. 1.

[229] Professor Charles Sampford, Submission 4, p. 1.

[230] Auditor-General, Taxation Reform: Community Education and Information Program, Audit Report No.12, October 1998, p. 57.

[231] Auditor-General, Taxation Reform: Community Education and Information Program, Audit Report No.12, October 1998, p. 57. The principles and guidelines are also summarised and discussed in Senate Finance and Public Administration Legislation Committee, Political Honesty Report, p. 105.

[232] Auditor-General, Taxation Reform: Community Education and Information Program, Audit Report No.12, October 1998, pp 57-60. See also Senate Finance and Public Administration Legislation Committee, Political Honesty Report, p. 105.

[233] Joint Committee of Public Accounts and Audit, Guidelines for Government Advertising, September 2000, p. iii.

[234] Joint Committee of Public Accounts and Audit, Guidelines for Government Advertising, September 2000, p. iii.

[235] Joint Committee of Public Accounts and Audit, Guidelines for Government Advertising, September 2000, pp 4-7; see also Senate Finance and Public Administration Legislation Committee, Political Honesty Report, p. 106.

[236] Joint Committee of Public Accounts and Audit, Guidelines for Government Advertising, September 2000, p. 2.

[237] Joint Committee of Public Accounts and Audit, Guidelines for Government Advertising, September 2000, p. 3.

[238] Senator the Hon. Eric Abetz, answers to questions on notice, 19 August 2005 (received 7 October 2005); Committee Hansard, 19 August 2005, p. 104.

[239] Joint Committee of Public Accounts and Audit, Guidelines for Government Advertising, September 2000, p. 3.

[240] Senate Finance and Public Administration Legislation Committee, Political Honesty Report,
p. 1.

[241] Senate Finance and Public Administration Legislation Committee, Political Honesty Report,
pp 108-119.

[242] Senate Finance and Public Administration Legislation Committee, Political Honesty Report,
p. 121.

[243] Senate Finance and Public Administration Legislation Committee, Political Honesty Report,
p. 121.

[244] Senate Finance and Public Administration Legislation Committee, Political Honesty Report,
p. 121.

[245] Senate Finance and Public Administration Legislation Committee, Political Honesty Report,
p. 121.

[246] Senate Finance and Public Administration Legislation Committee, Political Honesty Report,
p. 122. The government's majority on the Committee had recommended the establishment of a new joint parliamentary committee, the Joint Standing Committee on a Code of Conduct for Ministers and Other Members of Parliament, and so recommended that the task of developing guidelines be referred to that body.

[247] Senator the Hon. Eric Abetz, answers to questions on notice, 19 August 2005 (received 7 October 2005).

[248] Australian Government, Guidelines for Australian Government Information Activities: Principles and Procedures, February 1995, para 2.6.

[249] Joint Committee of Public Accounts and Audit, Guidelines for Government Advertising, September 2000, p. 5. See also Auditor-General, Taxation Reform: Community Education and Information Programme, Audit Report No.12, October 1998, p. 58.

[250] Senator the Hon. Eric Abetz, answers to questions on notice, 19 August 2005 (received 7 October 2005).

[251] Senator the Hon. Eric Abetz, Submission 9, p. 5.

[252] It is interesting to note that Senator Abetz himself found no difficulty in making such a judgement when he recently publicly criticised a Tasmanian government advertising campaign promoting a business telephone hotline. See The Mercury, 28 October 2005, p. 5.

[253] Senator the Hon. Eric Abetz, Submission 9, p. 5.

[254] Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet, Submission 5, p. 5.

[255] Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet, Submission 5, pp 5-6.

[256] Mr Harry Evans, Submission 6, pp 2-3.

[257] Senate Finance and Public Administration Legislation Committee, Political Honesty Report,
p. 103.

[258] Senate Finance and Public Administration Legislation Committee, Political Honesty Report,
p. 103.

[259] Senate Finance and Public Administration Legislation Committee, Political Honesty Report,
pp 117-119.

[260] Senate Finance and Public Administration Legislation Committee, Political Honesty Report,
p. 102.

[261] Senate Finance and Public Administration Legislation Committee, Political Honesty Report,
p. 103.

[262] Senate Finance and Public Administration Legislation Committee, Political Honesty Report,
p. 112.

[263] Senate Finance and Public Administration Legislation Committee, Political Honesty Report,
pp 109-114.

[264] The Committee notes that legislation was introduced in Ontario, Canada, in December 1994 which requires that the provincial Auditor-General review specific types of advertising by government offices before they are released. The review includes assessing whether an advertisement has as its primary aim to promote the partisan political interests of the governing party. Under this legislation, any item that does not, in the opinion of the Auditor-General, meet the standards required by the Act cannot be used and the Auditor-General's decision is final. Dr Sally Young, Submission 3b, pp 4, 17.

[265] Senate Finance and Public Administration Legislation Committee, Political Honesty Report,
p. 115.

[266] Professor Charles Sampford, Submission 4, p. 2.

[267] Professor Charles Sampford, Committee Hansard, 19 August 2005, p. 28.

[268] Professor Charles Sampford, Committee Hansard, 19 August 2005, p. 36.

[269] Professor Charles Sampford, Committee Hansard, 19 August 2005, p. 36.

[270] Professor Charles Sampford, Committee Hansard, 19 August 2005, p. 37.

[271] Professor Charles Sampford, Committee Hansard, 19 August 2005, p. 37.

[272] Professor Charles Sampford, Committee Hansard, 19 August 2005, p. 39.

[273] Government Advertising (Prohibiting the use of taxpayers' money on party political advertising) Bill 2005, Part 2, subclause 5(2).

[274] Government Advertising (Prohibiting the use of taxpayers' money on party political advertising) Bill 2005, Part 2, subclause 6(2).

[275] Government Advertising (Prohibiting the use of taxpayers' money on party political advertising) Bill 2005, Part 2, subclause 7(1).

[276] Government Advertising (Prohibiting the use of taxpayers' money on party political advertising) Bill 2005, Part 2, subclause 7(4).

[277] Government Advertising (Prohibiting the use of taxpayers' money on party political advertising) Bill 2005, Part 2, subclause 7(6).

[278] Government Advertising (Prohibiting the use of taxpayers' money on party political advertising) Bill 2005, Part 2, subclauses 7(7) and 7(8).

[279] Mr Tony Harris, Submission 8, p. 6.

[280] Mr Tony Harris, Submission 8, p. 5.

[281] Senate Finance and Public Administration Legislation Committee, Political Honesty Report,
p. 115.

[282] Senate Finance and Public Administration Legislation Committee, Political Honesty Report,
p. 115.

[283] Dr Graeme Orr, Submission 2, pp 10-12; the proposal was also supported by Dr Sally Young, Submission 3, p. 11.

[284] Dr Graeme Orr, Submission 2, p. 10.

[285] Dr Graeme Orr, Submission 2, p. 10. Dr Orr also suggested that caps should be set in such a way as to limit the government's opportunity to have a 'spike' in advertising activity in the lead up to an election.

[286] Dr Graeme Orr, Submission 2, p. 10.

[287] Dr Graeme Orr, Submission 2, p. 11.

[288] Dr Graeme Orr, Submission 2, p. 11.

[289] Dr Graeme Orr, Submission 2, p. 11.

[290] As noted in chapter 4, the nature of Parliamentary 'approval' of government expenditure may be in very broad terms, with Parliament having little idea of the details of proposed expenditure.

[291] The Senate, Standing Orders and other orders of the Senate, November 2004, Procedural Orders of Continuing Effect 10.

[292] Senator Robert Hill, Ministerial Statement, 12 February 2004, reprinted in Senator the Hon. Eric Abetz, Submission 9, pp 6-7.

[293] See Mr Harry Evans, Submission 6, pp 3-4 for an analysis of the validity of the government's reasons for refusing to comply with the Senate resolution.

[294] Estimates Hansard, Senate Finance and Public Administration Legislation Committee, 23 May 2005, p. 173.

[295] Mr Harry Evans, Submission 6, p. 1; chapter 3, p. 29.

[296] Mr Harry Evans, Submission 6, p. 4.

[297] Public Works and Government Services Canada, A Year of Renewal: Annual Report on the Government of Canada's Advertising 2003-04, Spring 2005, p. 7. Available from www.pwgsc.gc.ca/advrptpub/text/index-e.html (accessed 28 September 2005).

[298] Dr Sally Young, Submission 3, p. 11.

[299] Dr Sally Young, Submission 3b, p. 2.

[300] Dr Sally Young, Submission 3b, pp 2-3.

[301] Public Works and Government Services Canada, A Year of Renewal: Annual Report on the Government of Canada's Advertising 2003-04, Spring 2005, pp 14-18. Available from www.pwgsc.gc.ca/advrptpub/text/index-e.html (accessed 28 September 2005).

[302] See, for example, Public Works and Government Services Canada, A Year of Renewal: Annual Report on the Government of Canada's Advertising 2003-04, Spring 2005, pp 25-26. Available from www.pwgsc.gc.ca/advrptpub/text/index-e.html (accessed 28 September 2005). See also, Dr Sally Young, Submission 3b, pp 13-15.

[303] Dr Sally Young, Submission 3b, p. 2.

[304] Government Information Services Branch, Public Works and Government Services Canada, Public Opinion Research in the Government of Canada, Annual Report 2003-2004, October 2004. Available from www.communication.gc.ca/reports_rapports/por_rop/2003-2004/03-04_toc.html (accessed 28 September 2005). See also Dr Sally Young, Submission 3b, pp 2, 16.

[305] Public Works and Government Services Canada, A Year of Renewal: Annual Report on the Government of Canada's Advertising 2003-04, Spring 2005, p. 20. Available from www.pwgsc.gc.ca/advrptpub/text/index-e.html (accessed 28 September 2005).

[306] Public Works and Government Services Canada, A Year of Renewal: Annual Report on the Government of Canada's Advertising 2003-04, Spring 2005, p. 19. Available from www.pwgsc.gc.ca/advrptpub/text/index-e.html (accessed 28 September 2005).

[307] Dr Richard Grant, Research Note No.62, Parliamentary Library, 21 June 2004, p. 2.

[308] Senator the Hon. Eric Abetz, Committee Hansard, 19 August 2005, pp 78-79.

[309] See, for example, Professor Charles Sampford, Submission 4.

[310] Joint Committee of Public Accounts and Audit, Guidelines for Government Advertising, Report 377, September 2002, p. 3.

[311] Joint Committee of Public Accounts and Audit, Guidelines for Government Advertising, Report 377, September 2002, p. 4, italics added.

[312] Odgers Australian Senate Practice (11^th Edition).

[313] Mr Harry Evans, Submission 6, p. 2.

[314] Mr Harry Evans, Committee Hansard, 19 August 2005, p. 20.

[315] Mr Harry Evans, Submission 6a, pp 1-2.

[316] Mr Harry Evans, Submission 6a, p. 2.

[317] Mr Harry Evans, Submission 6b, p. 2.

[318] Mr Harry Evans, Committee Hansard, 19 August 2005, p. 19.

[319] Mr Harry Evans, Submission 6b, p. 1; and Submission 6c, passim.

[320] Combet v Commonwealth of Australia [2005] HCA 61 (21 October 2005).

[321] These guidelines reproduce those set out by the Joint Committee of Public Accounts and Audit, Guidelines for Government Advertising, September 2000, pp.4-7. The Committee's proposed amendments, as discussed in Recommendation 4 at para 6.72, are inserted in bold type.