House of Representatives Committees

| Joint Standing Committee on the National Capital and External Territories

Footnotes

Chapter 1 Introduction

[1] Christmas Island Phosphates, Submission 6, p. 1.

[2] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15, p. 8.

[3] Commonwealth Grants Commission 2007, Report on the Indian Ocean Territories, CGC, Canberra, p. viii.

[4] Commonwealth Grants Commission, 2007, Report on the Indian Ocean Territories, CGC, Canberra, p. viii.

[5] The Atoll is the newspaper of the Cocos (Keeling) Islands.

[6] The Islander is Christmas Island’s newspaper.

[7] Joint Standing Committee on the National Capital and External Territories, May 2006, Current and Future Governance arrangements in the Indian Ocean Territories, Parliament of the Commonwealth of Australia, Canberra, pp 3-4.

[8] Joint Standing Committee on the National Capital and External Territories, May 2006, Current and Future Governance arrangements in the Indian Ocean Territories, Parliament of the Commonwealth of Australia, Canberra, p. 34.

[9] Minister for Local Government, Territories and Roads, June 2007, Australian Government Response to the Report on Current and future governance arrangements in the Indian Ocean Territories by the Joint Standing Committee on the National Capital and External Territories.

Chapter 2 Legislative and governance structures in Australia’s Indian Ocean Territories

[1] Christmas Island was formally discovered by Captain William Mynors of the British East India Company on 25 December 1643. Joint Standing Committee on the National Capital and External Territories, May 2006, Current and Future Governance arrangements in the Indian Ocean Territories, Parliament of the Commonwealth of Australia, Canberra, p. 8.

[2] Joint Standing Committee on the National Capital and External Territories, February 1995, Delivering the Goods, Parliament of the Commonwealth of Australia, Canberra, p. 17.

[3] This figure is taken from the 2006 Census data, Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15, p. 3.

[4] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15, p. 3.

[5] Christmas Island Phosphates, Submission 6, p. 1.

[6] Joint Standing Committee on the National Capital and External Territories, February 1995, Delivering the Goods, Parliament of the Commonwealth of Australia, Canberra, p. 17.

[7] Waters, L, 1983, The Union of Christmas Island Workers, Allen and Unwin, St Leonards, pp 2-4.

[9] Waters, L, 1983, The Union of Christmas Island Workers, Allen and Unwin, St Leonards, p. 4.

[10] Joint Standing Committee on the National Capital and External Territories, February 1995, Delivering the Goods, Parliament of the Commonwealth of Australia, Canberra, p. 17.

[11] Christmas Island Phosphates, Submission 6, p. 1.

[12] This figure is taken from the 2006 Census data, Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15, p. 3.

[13] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15, p. 3.

[14] Certain rights were reserved by the Crown.

[15] In 1993 the Australian Government purchased the remaining property of Mr Clunies-Ross. Oceania House was privately sold by the Government in 2001.

[16] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15, p. 3.

[17] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15, p. 3.

[18] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15, p. 5.

[19] House of Representatives Standing Committee on Legal and Constitutional Affairs, March 1991, Islands in the Sun, Parliament of the Commonwealth of Australia, Canberra, pp xx to xxvii.

[20] The colonial laws of Singapore together with certain regulations made by the Administrator of the IOTs during the period 1 January 1958 to 30 October 1958 were retained after the transfer of Christmas Island to Australia. Waters, L, 1983, The Union of Christmas Island Workers, Allen and Unwin, St Leonards, p. 4.

[21] Waters, L, 1983, The Union of Christmas Island Workers, Allen and Unwin, St Leonards, p. 4.

[22] Joint Standing Committee on the National Capital and External Territories, May 2006, Current and Future Governance arrangements in the Indian Ocean Territories, Parliament of the Commonwealth of Australia, Canberra, p. 6.

[23] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15, p. 5.

[24] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15, p. 5.

[25] The Minister for Home Affairs.

[26] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15, p. 5.

[27] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15, p. 5.

[28] Australian Competition and Consumer Commission, Submission 29, p. 1.

[29] The Corporations Act provides for the regulation of Australian companies including their operations and the fiduciary duties of directors.

[30] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15, p. 17.

[31] Attorney-General’s Department, viewed 20 November 2009, <www.ag.gov.au>.

[32] Waters, L, 1983, The Union of Christmas Island Workers, Allen and Unwin, St Leonards, p. 4.

[33] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15.3, Answer to Question 10.

[34] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15, p. 3.

[35] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15, p. 3.

[36] Attorney-General’s Department, viewed 20 November 2009, < www.ag.gov.au>.

[37] Attorney-General’s Department, viewed 20 November 2009, <www.ag.gov.au>.

[38] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15, p. 5.

[39] Shire of Christmas Island, viewed 20 November 2009, <www.shire.gov.cx>.

[40] Shire of Cocos (Keeling) Islands, viewed 20 November 2009, <www.shire.cc>.

[41] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15, p. 6.

Chapter 3 The economic environment of the Indian Ocean Territories

[1] Christmas Island Phosphates, Submission 6, Appendix A, p. xiii.

[2] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15, p. 7.

[3] Christmas Island Phosphates, Submission 6, Appendix A, p. xiii.

[4] Commonwealth Grants Commission, 2007, Report on Indian Ocean Territories, CGC, Canberra, p. 9.

[5] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15, p. 7.

[6] Commonwealth Grants Commission, 2007, Report on Indian Ocean Territories, CGC, Canberra, p. 9.

[7] Commonwealth Grants Commission, 2007, Report on Indian Ocean Territories, CGC, Canberra, p. 9.

[8] Commonwealth Grants Commission, 2007, Report on Indian Ocean Territories, CGC, Canberra, p. 9.

[9] Christmas Island Phosphates, Submission 6, Appendix A, p. xv.

[10] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15, p. 7.

[11] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15, p. 8.

[12] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15, p. 8; Shire of Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Mrs Melinda Lymon, Transcript T7, p. 9.

[13] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15, p. 8; Shire of Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Mrs Melinda Lymon, Transcript T7, p. 11.

[14] The Cocos (Keeling) Islands Cooperative Society, viewed 30 November 2009, <www.cocoscoop.com>.

[15] Shire of Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Mrs Melinda Lymon, Transcript T7, p. 11.

[16] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15, p. 8.

[17] Commonwealth Grants Commission, 2007, Report on Indian Ocean Territories, CGC, Canberra, p. 10.

[18] Shire of Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Mrs Melinda Lymon, Transcript T7, p. 9.

[19] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15, p. 8.

[20] Shire of Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Mrs Melinda Lymon, Transcript T7, p. 10.

[21] The United Kingdom of Great Britain annexed Christmas Island in 1888. Waters, L, 1983, The Union of Christmas Island Workers, Allen and Unwin, St Leonards, p. 1.

[22] Waters, L, 1983, The Union of Christmas Island Workers, Allen and Unwin, St Leonards, p. 1.

[23] Waters, L, 1983, The Union of Christmas Island Workers, Allen and Unwin, St Leonards, p. 1.

[24] Waters, L, 1983, The Union of Christmas Island Workers, Allen and Unwin, St Leonards, pp 4-5.

[25] Waters, L, 1983, The Union of Christmas Island Workers, Allen and Unwin, St Leonards, pp 2-3.

[26] Waters, L, 1983, The Union of Christmas Island Workers, Allen and Unwin, St Leonards, p. 3.

[27] Joint Standing Committee on the National Capital and External Territories, May 2006, Current and Future Governance arrangements in the Indian Ocean Territories, Parliament of the Commonwealth of Australia, Canberra, p. 8; Joint Standing Committee on the National Capital and External Territories, February 2005, Delivering the Goods, Parliament of the Commonwealth of Australia, Canberra, p. 18.

[28] Christmas Island Phosphates, Submission 6, p. 1.

[29] Phosphate Resources Ltd., Mr Clive Brown, Transcript T5, 28 September 2009, p. 29.

[30] Christmas Island Phosphates, Submission 6, Appendix A, p. 27.

[31] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15, p. 7.

[32] Christmas Island Phosphates, Submission 6, Appendix A, p. xvii.

[33] Christmas Island Phosphates, Submission 6, Appendix A, p. xix.

[34] Christmas Island Phosphates, Submission 6, Appendix A, p. xix.

[35] Parks Australia, Mr Peter Cochrane, Transcript T2, p. 3.

[36] Phosphate Resources Ltd., Mr Clive Brown, Transcript T5, p. 32.

[37] Phosphate Resources Ltd., Mr Alfred (Wah Mun) Chong, Transcript T5, 28 September 2009, p. 32.

[38] Commonwealth Grants Commission, 2007, Report on Indian Ocean Territories, CGC, Canberra, p. 9.

[39] Christmas Island Phosphates, Submission 6, Appendix A, p. xxi.

[40] Christmas Island Phosphates, Submission 6, Appendix A, p. xxi.

[41] Christmas Island Phosphates, Submission 6, Appendix A, p. xxii.

[42] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15, p. 7.

[43] Christmas Island Phosphates, Submission 6, p. 4.

[44] Christmas Island Phosphates, Submission 6, p. 4.

[45] Christmas Island Phosphates, Submission 6, p. 4.

[46] Christmas Island Phosphates, Submission 6, p. 4.

[47] Ms Dee Margets and Dr Nic Dunlop, Submission 10, p. 2.

[48] Christmas Island Chamber of Commerce, Mr John Richardson, Transcript T 4, p. 42.

[49] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15, p. 7.

[50] ACIL Tasman, September 2008, The Economy of the Indian Ocean Territories: Economic development opportunities for Christmas Island and the Cocos (Keeling) Islands, ACIL Tasman, Melbourne, p. 95.

[51] ACIL Tasman, September 2008, The Economy of the Indian Ocean Territories: Economic development opportunities for Christmas Island and the Cocos (Keeling) Islands, ACIL Tasman, Melbourne, p. xi.

[52] ACIL Tasman, September 2008, The Economy of the Indian Ocean Territories: Economic development opportunities for Christmas Island and the Cocos (Keeling) Islands, ACIL Tasman, Melbourne, p. x.

[53] Department of Immigration and Citizenship, Submission 22, p. 2.

[54] Department of Immigration and Citizenship, Submission 22, p. 1.

[55] Department of Immigration and Citizenship, Submission 22, p. 2.

[56] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15, pp 7-8.

[57] Department of Immigration and Citizenship, Submission 22, pp 2-3.

[58] Department of Immigration and Citizenship, Submission 22, pp 2-3.

[59] Department of Immigration and Citizenship, Submission 22, p. 3.

[60] Shire of Christmas Island, Mr Gordon Thomson, Transcript T4, p. 17.

[61] Shire of Christmas Island, Submission 24, p. 11.

[62] Department of Immigration and Citizenship, Submission 22, p. 4.

[63] Department of Immigration and Citizenship, Submission 22, p. 2.

[64] Ms Charlene Thompson, Transcript T4, p. 54.

[65] Department of Immigration and Citizenship, Submission 22, p. 4.

[66] Department of Immigration and Citizenship, Submission 22, p. 4.

[67] Department of Immigration and Citizenship, Submission 22, p. 4.

[68] Department of Immigration and Citizenship, Submission 22, p. 4.

[69] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15, p. 16.

[70] Christmas Island Tourism Association, Mr Michael Asims, Transcript T4, p. 78.

[71] Department of Immigration and Citizenship, Submission 22, p. 4.

[72] Department of Immigration and Citizenship, Submission 22, pp 3-5.

[73] Department of Immigration and Citizenship, Submission 22, p. 5.

[74] Department of Immigration and Citizenship, Submission 22, p. 5.

[75] Ms Charlene Thompson, Transcript T4, p. 53.

[76] Department of Immigration and Citizenship, Submission 22.1, p. 2.

[77] Department of Immigration and Citizenship, Submission 22, p. 7.

[78] Department of Immigration and Citizenship, Submission 22, p. 7.

[79] Department of Immigration and Citizenship, Submission 22, p. 6.

[80] Department of Immigration and Citizenship, Increased capacity on Christmas Island, media release, Canberra, 1 December 2009.

[81] ACIL Tasman, September 2008, The Economy of the Indian Ocean Territories: Economic development opportunities for Christmas Island and the Cocos (Keeling) Islands, ACIL Tasman, Melbourne, p. 51.

[82] Mr Kerry Walker, Submission 1, p. 1; Mr John Sorensen, Submisson2, p. 3; Shire of Christmas Island, Submission 24, p. 5.

[83] Dr Nic Dunlop, Submission 10, p. 2.

[84] Christmas Island Tourism Association, Transcript T4, p. 79.

[85] Mr Kerry Walker, Submission 1, p. 1.

[86] Ms Charlene Thompson, Submission 14, p. 4.

[87] Mr John Sorensen, Submisson2, p. 3; Mrs R Peter, Submission 12, p. 3; Mrs R Peter, Submission 12, p. 3; Dr Nic Dunlop, Submission 10, p. 2; Shire of Christmas Island, Mr Gordon Thompson, Transcript T4, p. 9.

[88] Christmas Island Tourism Association, Transcript T4, p. 78.

[89] Cocos (Keeling) Islands District High School, Submission 3.

[90] Christmas Island Phosphates, Submission 6, Appendix, p. 3.

[91] Christmas Island Tourism Association, Transcript T4, p. 79.

[92] Christmas Island Chamber of Commerce, Submission 19, pp 3-4.

[93] Christmas Island Chamber of Commerce, Mr John Richardson, Transcript T4, p. 42.

[94] Christmas Island Chamber of Commerce, Mr John Richardson, Transcript T4, p. 42.

[95] Mr John Hibbard, Submission 17, p. 1.

[96] Shire of Christmas Island, Submission 24, p. 9.

[97] Shire of Christmas Island, Submission 24, p. 9.

[98] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15, p. 17.

[99] Ms Charlene Thompson, Transcript T4, p. 53.

[100] Department of Finance and Deregulation, 28 November 2008, No. 2008/10, Procurement 30 Day Payment Policy for Small Business, viewed 1 February 2010, <www.finance. gov.au>.

[101] D Crowe, ‘Government speeds up SME payments’, The Australian Financial Review, 14 January 2010, p. 5.

[102] Shire of Christmas Island, Transcript T4, p. 12.

[103] Australian Competition and Consumer Commission, Submission 29, p. 1.

[104] Australian Competition and Consumer Commission, Submission 29, pp 1-2.

[105] ACIL Tasman, September 2008, The Economy of the Indian Ocean Territories: Economic development opportunities for Christmas Island and the Cocos (Keeling) Islands, ACIL Tasman, Melbourne, p. 51.

[106] Mr Ron Grant, Submission 20, p. 2.

[107] Mr Ron Grant, Submission 20, p. 2.

[108] Mr John Clunies-Ross, Submission 7.1, p. 3; Mr Nyall Ledger, Submission 11.

[109] Mr John Clunies-Ross, Submission 7, p. 6.

[110] Shire of Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Submission 9, p. 3.

[111] Cocos Islands Co-Operative Society, Submission 26, p. 4.

[112] Mr Ron Grant, Transcript T5, p. 20.

[113] Shire of Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Submission 9, p. 3.

[114] Cocos Islands Cooperative Society Ltd, Submission 26, p. 1; Shire of Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Mrs Melinda Lymon, Transcript T5, p. 3.

[115] ACIL Tasman, September 2008, The Economy of the Indian Ocean Territories: Economic development opportunities for Christmas Island and the Cocos (Keeling) Islands, ACIL Tasman, Melbourne, p. 90.

[116] Mr Ron Grant, Submission 20, p. 56.

[117] Attorney-General’s Department, April 2008, Submission to the House Standing Committee on Infrastructure, Transport, Regional Development and Local Government’s Inquiry into coastal shipping policy and regulation, AGD, Canberra, p. 4.

[118] Shire of Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Mrs Melinda Lymon, Transcript T5, p. 3.

[119] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15, p. 9.

[120] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15, p. 10; Attorney-General’s Department, viewed 10 December 2009, <www.ag.gov.au>.

[121] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15.2, p. 3.

[122] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15, p. 10.

[123] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15, p. 19.

[124] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15, p. 19.

[125] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15, p. 10.

[126] B O’Connor (Minister for Home Affairs), Christmas and Cocos (Keeling) Islands to receive community arts funding, media release, Parliament House, Canberra, 24 June 2009.

[127] B O’Connor (Minister for Home Affairs), $10.8 million of capital works announced for Christmas and Cocos (Keeling) Islands, media release, Parliament House, Canberra, 31 August 2009.

[128] B O’Connor (Minister for Home Affairs), Infrastructure boost for Christmas Island, media release, Parliament House, Canberra, 15 December 2009.

[129] B O’Connor (Minister for Home Affairs), Infrastructure boost for Christmas Island, media release, Parliament House, Canberra, 15 December 2009.

[130] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15.5, p. 1.

[131] Attorney-General’s Department, Mr Simon Millcock, Transcript T3, p. 4.

[132] Attorney-General’s Department, Mr Julian Yates and Mr Simon Millcock, Transcript T3, p. 8.

[133] Attorney-General’s Department, Mr Simon Millcock, Transcript T3, p. 4.

[134] Attorney-General’s Department, Mr Simon Millcock, Transcript T3, p. 4.

[135] Attorney-General’s Department, Mr Simon Millcock, Transcript T3, p. 4.

[136] Attorney-General’s Department, Mr Simon Millcock, Transcript T3, p. 12.

[137] Attorney-General’s Department, Mr Simon Millcock, Transcript T3, p. 3.

[138] Attorney-General’s Department, Mr Simon Millcock, Transcript T3, p. 3.

[139] Attorney-General’s Department, Mr Simon Millcock, Transcript T3, p. 3.

[140] Attorney-General’s Department, Mr Simon Millcock Transcript T3, p. 3.

[141] Mr Ron Grant, Submission 20, p. 62.

[142] Mr Ron Grant, Transcript T5, p. 17.

[143] Shire of Christmas Island, Mr Gordon Thomson, Transcript T4, p. 20.

[144] Attorney-General’s Department, Mr Simon Millcock, Transcript T3, p. 9.

[145] Christmas Island Chamber of Commerce, Mr John Richardson, Transcript T4, p. 44.

[146] Christmas Island Chamber of Commerce, Mr John Richardson, Transcript T4, p. 44.

[147] Attorney-General’s Department, Mr Julian Yates, Transcript T3, pp 9-10.

[148] Shire of Christmas Island, 1 July 2007 to 30 June 2011, Plan for the future, Shire of Christmas Island, Christmas Island, p. 4.

[149] Shire of Christmas Island, 2002-2006, Strategic Plan, Shire of Christmas Island, Christmas Island, p. 20.

[150] Shire of Christmas Island, 2002-2006, Strategic Plan, Shire of Christmas Island, Christmas Island p. 20.

[151] Shire of Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Mrs Melinda Lymon, Transcript T5, p. 2.

[152] Shire of Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Mrs Melinda Lymon, Transcript T5, p. 2.

[153] Shire of Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Mrs Melinda Lymon, Transcript T5, p. 9.

[154] Shire of Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Mrs Melinda Lymon, Transcript T5, p. 2.

[155] Christmas Island Chamber of Commerce, Submission 19, p. 3.

[156] Mr John Sorensen, Submission 2, p. 4.

[157] Mr John Sorensen, Submission 2, p. 4.

[158] Christmas Island Tourism Association, Mr Micheal Asims, Transcript T4, p. 84.

[159] Mr John Clunies-Ross, Transcript T5, p. 30.

[160] Mr Nyall Ledger, Transcript T6, p. 10.

[161] Mr Nyall Ledger, Submission 11, p. 9.

[162] Mr Nyall Ledger, Transcript T6, p. 12.

[163] Mr John Clunies-Ross, Submission 7, p. 4.

[164] Mr John Clunies-Ross, Transcript T5, p. 34.

[165] Mr Ron Grant, Submission 20, p. 17.

[166] Mr Ron Grant, Transcript T5, p. 18.

[167] Mr Ron Grant, Transcript T5, p. 20.

[168] Attorney-General’s Department, Mr Julian Yates, Transcript T1, p. 8.

[169] Shire of Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Mrs Melinda Lymon, Transcript T5, p. 8.

[170] Ombudsman Western Australia, Submission 33, p. 2.

[171] Ombudsman Western Australia, Submission 33, p. 2.

[172] Commonwealth Ombudsman, Submission 34, p. 1.

[173] Commonwealth Ombudsman, Submission 34, p. 1.

[174] Mr John Sorensen, Transcript T6, p. 15.

[175] Mr Nyall Ledger, Transcript T6, p. 12.

Chapter 4 Emerging industries

[1] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15, p. 3.

[2] Shire of Christmas Island, Mr Gordon Thompson, Transcript T4, p. 2.

[3] Shire of Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Mrs Melinda Lymon, Transcript T5, p. 9.

[4] ACIL Tasman, The Economy of the Indian Ocean Territories: Economic development opportunities for Christmas Island and the Cocos (Keeling) Islands, September 2008, p. 8.

[5] Shire of Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Mrs Melinda Lymon, Transcript T5, p. 11.

[6] Christmas Island Chamber of Commerce, Mr John Richardson, Transcript T4, p. 49.

[7] Mr Ron Grant, Transcript T5, p. 21.

[8] Cocos Congress Inc., Submission 25, p. 2.

[9] Ms Dee Margets and Dr Nic Dunlop, Submission 10, p. 2; Christmas Island Phosphates, Submission 6, p. 2.

[10] Mr John Sorensen, Submission 2, p. 4; Ms Dee Margets and Dr Nic Dunlop, Submission 10, p. 2.

[11] Mrs R Peter, Submission 12, p. 2.

[12] Mrs R Peter, Submission 12, p. 2; Shire of Christmas Island, Mr Gordon Thomson, Transcript T4, pp 26-27.

[13] Ms Dee Margets and Dr Nic Dunlop, Submission 10, p. 2.

[14] Shire of Christmas Island, Submission 24, p. 10.

[15] Ms Dee Margets and Dr Nic Dunlop, Submission 10, p. 2.

[16] Mr John Sorensen, Submission 2, p. 4.

[17] Ms Dee Margets and Dr Nic Dunlop, Submission 10, p. 2.

[18] Shire of Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Submission 9, p. 3; Cocos Congress Inc., Submission 25, p. 3; Mr Raymond Marshall, Transcript T5, p. 47.

[19] Cocos Congress Inc., Submission 25, p. 3; Mr Ron Grant, Transcript T5, p. 24.

[20] Mr Ron Grant, Transcript T5, p. 16.

[21] Shire of Christmas Island, Mr Gordon Thompson, Transcript T4, p. 56.

[22] Dr Nic Dunlop, Transcript T3, p. 19.

[23] Mr Ron Grant, Transcript T5, p. 16.

[24] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15, p. 7.

[25] Christmas Island Tourism Association, Mr Michael Asims, Transcript T4, p. 77.

[26] Christmas Island Tourism Association, Mr Michael Asims, Transcript T4, p. 83.

[27] Christmas Island Tourism Association, Mr Bill Tatchell, Transcript T4, p. 79.

[28] ACIL Tasman, September 2008, The Economy of the Indian Ocean Territories: Economic development opportunities for Christmas Island and the Cocos (Keeling) Islands, ACIL Tasman, Melbourne, p. 19.

[29] ACIL Tasman, September 2008, The Economy of the Indian Ocean Territories: Economic development opportunities for Christmas Island and the Cocos (Keeling) Islands, ACIL Tasman, Melbourne, p. 19.

[30] Christmas Island Tourism Association, Mr Michael Asims, Transcript T4, p. 78.

[31] Christmas Island Tourism Association, Mr Bill Tatchell, Transcript T4, p. 80.

[32] Dr Nic Dunlop, Transcript T3, p. 16.

[33] Dr Nic Dunlop, Transcript T3, p. 21.

[34] Mrs R Peter, Submission 12, p. 3.

[35] Shire of Christmas Island, Mr Gordon Thomson, Transcript T4, p. 26.

[36] Shire of Christmas Island, Submission 24, p. 7.

[37] Shire of Christmas Island, Mr Gordon Thomson, Transcript T4, pp 14-15.

[38] Phosphate Resources Ltd., Mr Clive Brown, Transcript T4, pp 40-41.

[39] Christmas Island Tourism Association, Mr Michael Asims, Transcript T4, p. 85.

[40] Attorney-General’s Department, Mr Julian Yates, Transcript T3, p. 3.

[41] Christmas Island Tourism Association, Mr Michael Asims, Transcript T4, p. 78.

[42] Shire of Christmas Island, 8 January 2010, Issue no 448, Tourists from the cruise ship descend on Christmas Island, p. 1 and 19.

[43] B O’Connor, (Minister for Home Affairs), Christmas comes early for cruise ship passengers making first ever visit to Christmas Island, media release, Parliament House, Canberra, 23 December 2009.

[44] ACIL Tasman, September 2008, The Economy of the Indian Ocean Territories: Economic development opportunities for Christmas Island and the Cocos (Keeling) Islands, ACIL Tasman, Melbourne, p. 20.

[45] ACIL Tasman, September 2008, The Economy of the Indian Ocean Territories: Economic development opportunities for Christmas Island and the Cocos (Keeling) Islands, ACIL Tasman, Melbourne, p. 20.

[46] Commonwealth Grants Commission, 2007, Report on Indian Ocean Territories, CGC, Canberra, p. 10.

[47] Shire of Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Mrs Melinda Lymon, Transcript T5, p. 11.

[48] Christmas Island Tourism Association, Mr Michael Asims, Transcript T4, p. 78.

[49] Christmas Island Tourism Association, Mr Michael Asims, Transcript T4, p. 78.

[50] Christmas Island Tourism Association, Mr Bill Tatchell, Transcript T4, pp 80 and 81.

[51] Shire of Christmas Island, Mr Gordon Thomson, Transcript T4, p. 15.

[52] Christmas Island Tourism Association, Mr Bill Tatchell, Transcript T4, p. 80.

[53] Planning for People, April 2008, Christmas Island Destination Development Report, p. 2.

[54] Planning for People, April 2008, Christmas Island Destination Development Report, p. 18.

[55] Planning for People, April 2008, Christmas Island Destination Development Report, p. 18.

[56] Planning for People, April 2008, Christmas Island Destination Development Report, p. 18.

[57] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15.5, p. 4.

[58] Planning for People, April 2008, Christmas Island Destination Development Report, p. 30.

[59] Planning for People, April 2008, Christmas Island Destination Development Report, p. 30.

[60] Planning for People, April 2008, Christmas Island Destination Development Report, p. 30.

[61] Planning for People, April 2008, Christmas Island Destination Development Report, p. 30.

[62] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15.5, p. 5.

[63] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15.5, p. 5.

[64] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15.5, pp 4 and 5.

[65] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15.5, p. 5.

[66] Exibit 8, Robin Brotchie, 2009, Remote Control: Australian Governance Strategies for Tourism Development on Christmas Island, Australian National Internships Program, p. 14.

[67] Exibit 8, Robin Brotchie, 2009, Remote Control: Australian Governance Strategies for Tourism Development on Christmas Island, Australian National Internships Program, p. 31.

[68] Christmas Island Tourism Association, Mr Michael Asims, Transcript T4, p. 80.

[69] Mr Ron Grant, Transcript T5, p. 19.

[70] Shire of Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Mrs Melinda Lymon, Transcript T7, p. 11.

[71] Shire of Christmas Island, Mr Gordon Thomson, Transcript T4, p. 9.

[72] ACIL Tasman, September 2008, The Economy of the Indian Ocean Territories: Economic development opportunities for Christmas Island and the Cocos (Keeling) Islands, ACIL Tasman, Melbourne, p. 19.

[73] Mrs R Peter, Submission 12, p. 3.

[74] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15, p. 10.

[75] B O’Connor (Minister for Home Affairs), Infrastructure boost for Christmas Island, media release, Parliament House, Canberra, 15 December 2009.

[76] Mr Raymond Marshall, Transcript T5, p. 47.

[77] Shire of Christmas Island, Mr Gordon Thomson, Transcript T4, p. 9.

[78] Dr Janos Hennicke, 2004, The Christmas Island Seabird Project, University of Hamburg, p. 2.

[79] Shire of Christmas Island, Mr Gordon Thomson, Transcript T4, pp 7-8.

[80] Tai Jin House was the official residence of the first Administrator of Christmas Island and is located on the hill above Flying Fish Cove. Christmas Island Tourism Association, viewed 20 December 2009, <www.christmas.net.au>.

[81] Department of the Environment and Heritage, September 2005, Christmas Island International Research Centre: Business Case – Tai Jin House, the nucleus of the proposed research centre, Parks Australia North, pp 2-3.

[82] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15.3, answer to Question 7.

[83] Shire of Christmas Island, Submission 24, p. 11.

[84] Mr John Sorensen, Submission 2, p. 2.

[85] Dr Nic Dunlop, Submission 10, p. 2.

[86] Dr Nic Dunlop, Submission 10, p. 2.

[87] Shire of Christmas Island, Mr Gordon Thomson, Transcript T4, p. 19.

[88] Shire of Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Transcript T5, p. 7.

[89] Shire of Christmas Island, Mr Gordon Thomson, Transcript T4, p. 19.

[90] Shire of Christmas Island, Mr Gordon Thomson, Transcript T4, p. 19.

[91] Mr Ron Grant, Transcript T4, p. 24.

[92] Mr John Clunies-Ross, Transcript T5, pp 32-33.

[93] Attorney-General’s Department, Mr Simon Millcock, Transcript T3, pp 4 and 12.

[94] Shire of Christmas Island, Mr Gordon Thomson, Transcript T4, pp 26-27.

[95] Mrs R Peter, Submission 12, p. 3.

[96] Christmas Island Tourism Association, Mr Michael Asims, Transcript T4, p. 78.

[97] Mr Ron Grant, Transcript T5, pp 18-19.

[98] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15.5, p. 2.

[99] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15, p. 21.

[100] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15, p. 21.

[101] Shire of Christmas Island, Submission 24, p. 11.

[102] Shire of Christmas Island, Submission 24, p. 11.

[103] Department of Immigration and Citizenship, Submission 22, p. 4.

[104] Shire of Christmas Island, Submission 24, p. 13.

[105] Shire of Christmas Island, Submission 24, p. 13.

[106] Christmas Island Chamber of Commerce, Submission 19, p. 4.

[107] Shire of Christmas Island, Submission 24, p. 13.

[108] Shire of Christmas Island, Submission 24, p. 14.

[109] Shire of Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Submission 9, p. 3.

[110] Shire of Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Submission 9, p. 3.

[111] Shire of Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Submission 9, p. 3.

[112] Shire of Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Submission 9, p. 3.

[113] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15, p. 22.

[114] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15, p. 22.

[115] Christmas Island Chamber of Commerce, Submission 19, p. 4.

[116] Christmas Island Tourism Association, Mr Bill Tatchell, Transcript T4, p. 81.

[117] Christmas Island Chamber of Commerce, Submission 19, p. 3.

[118] Mrs R Peter, Submission 12, p. 2.

[119] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15, p. 20.

[120] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15, p. 20.

[121] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15, p. 20.

[122] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15, p. 21.

[123] GHD, September 2009, Report for Crown Land Management Plan for the Indian Ocean Territories, Cocos (Keeling) Islands, p. 1; GHD, September 2009, Report for Crown Land Management Plan for the Indian Ocean Territories, Christmas Island, p. 1.

[124] GHD, September 2009, Report for Crown Land Management Plan for the Indian Ocean Territories, Christmas Island, p. 1.

[125] GHD, September 2009, Report for Crown Land Management Plan for the Indian Ocean Territories, Cocos (Keeling) Islands, p. 1.

[126] GHD, September 2009, Report for Crown Land Management Plan for the Indian Ocean Territories, Cocos (Keeling) Islands, p. 1; GHD, September 2009, Report for Crown Land Management Plan for the Indian Ocean Territories, Christmas Island, p. 1.

[127] Attorney-General’s Department, Mr Julian Yates, Transcript T1, p. 3.

[128] Shire of Christmas Island, Mr Gordon Thomson, Transcript T4, p. 27.

[129] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15.5, p. 2.

[130] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15.5, p. 2.

[131] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15.5, p. 2.

[132] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15.5, p. 2.

[133] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15.5, p. 3.

[134] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15, p. 23.

[135] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15, p. 23.

[136] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15, p. 23.

[137] Maunsell/AECOM, January 2009, Climate change risk assessment for the Australian Indian Ocean Territories, Maunsell Australia, Canberra, p. iii.

[138] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15, p. 23.

[139] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15, p. 23.

[140] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15, p. 23.

[141] Shire of Christmas Island, Submission 24, p. 14.

[142] Shire of Christmas Island, Submission 24, p. 14.

[143] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15, p. 23.

[144] Shire of Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Submission 9, p. 4.

[145] Shire of Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Mrs Melinda Lymon, Transcript T5, pp 3-4.

Chapter 5 Information communication technology

[1] Global system for mobile communications

[2] Christmas Island Internet Administration, Submission 8, p. 1.

[3] Shire of Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Mrs Melinda Lymon, Transcript T5, pp 12-13.

[4] Department of Broadband, Communications and the Digital Economy, Australian Broadband Guarantee, viewed 22 December 2009, < www.dbcde.gov.au>.

[5] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15, p. 12.

[6] Department of Broadband, Communications and the Digital Economy, Australian Broadband Guarantee, viewed 22 December 2009, <www.dbcde.gov.au>.

[7] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15, p. 12.

[8] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15, p. 12.

[9] Christmas Island Internet Administration, Submission 8, p. 1.

[10] Christmas Island Internet Administration, Mr Garth Miller, Transcript T4, p. 61.

[11] Christmas Island Internet Administration, Submission 8, p. 2.

[12] Shire of Christmas Island, Submission 24, p. 1.

[13] Mr John Hibbard, Submission 17, p. 1.

[14] Department of Broadband, Communications and the Digital Economy, Submission 27, p. 2.

[15] Christmas Island Internet Administration, Mr Garth Miller, Transcript T4, p. 66.

[16] Shire of Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Submission 9, p. 1.

[17] Shire of Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Transcript T5, p. 2.

[18] Ms Heather Prance, Transcript T5, p. 38.

[19] Christmas Island Internet Administration, Submission 8, p. 2.

[20] Christmas Island Internet Administration, Submission 8, p. 2.

[21] Christmas Island Internet Administration, Mr Garth Miller, Transcript T4, p. 60.

[22] Shire of Christmas Island, Submission 24, p. 1.

[23] Christmas Island Internet Administration, Submission 8, p. 3.

[24] Christmas Island Internet Administration, Mr Garth Miller, Transcript T4, p. 62.

[25] The Christmas Island Chamber of Commerce, Submission 19, p. 1.

[26] Net present value is the difference between present value of cash inflows generated by the project and the amount of the initial investment. Shim J K and Siegel J G, 1995, Dictionary of Economics, John Wiley and Sons, Brisbane, p. 250.

[27] Hibbard Consulting, July 2008, Christmas Island’s communications: A comparison of cable and satellite, Hibbard Consulting, Westleigh, pp 1-2.

[28] Mr John Hibbard, Submission 17, p. 2.

[29] Mr John Hibbard, Submission 17, p. 2.

[30] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15, p. 12.

[31] Sir Peter Gershon, August 2008, Review of the Australian Government’s use of information and communication technology, p. iii.

[32] Sir Peter Gershon, August 2008, Review of the Australian Government’s use of information and communication technology, pp 3-5.

[33] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15.3, Question 1.

[34] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15, p. 11.

[35] Short message service

[36] Shire of Christmas Island, Submission 24, p. 3.

[37] Shire of Christmas Island, Submission 24, p. 3.

[38] Christmas Island Internet Administration, Submission 8, p. 1.

[39] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15, p. 11.

[40] Shire of Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Mrs Melinda Lymon, Transcript T5, p. 12.

[41] Shire of Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Mrs Melinda Lymon, Transcript T5, p.3.

[42] Department of Broadband, Communications and the Digital Economy, Submission 27, p. 1.

[43] Australian Broadcasting Corporation, Submission 32, p. 1.

[44] Australian Broadcasting Corporation, Radio Australia, viewed 27 January 2010, <www.radioaustralia.net.au>

[45] Australian Broadcasting Corporation, Submission 32, p. 1.

[46] Australian Broadcasting Corporation, Submission 32, p. 1.

[47] Mr Kerry Walker, Transcript T4, p. 69.

[48] Mr Kerry Walker, Transcript T4, p. 70.

[49] Australian Broadcasting Corporation, Submission 32, p. 2.

[50] Australian Broadcasting Corporation, Submission 32, p. 2.

[51] Australian Communications and Media Authority, Submission 28, p. 2.

[52] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15, p. 12.

[53] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15, p. 12.

[54] Attorney-General’s Department, Mr Julian Yates, Transcript T1, pp 3-4.

[55] Shire of Christmas Island, Mr Gordon Thomson, Transcript T4, p. 5.

[56] Shire of Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Mrs Melinda Lymon, Transcript T4, p. 5.

[57] Shire of Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Mrs Melinda Lymon, Transcript T4, p. 6.

Chapter 6 Transportation

[1] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15, p. 13.

[2] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15, p. 13.

[3] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15.3, Attachment A, p. 3.

[4] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15, p. 12.

[5] Mr John Sorensen, Submission 2, p. 4.

[6] Christmas Island Chamber of Commerce, Submission 19, p. 2.

[7] Joint Standing Committee on the National Capital and External Territories, May 2006, Current and future governance arrangements for the Indian Ocean Territories, Parliament of the Commonwealth of Australia, Canberra, p. 51.

[8] Minister for Local Government, Territories and Roads, June 2007, Australian Government Response to the Report on Current and Future Governance Arrangements in the Indian Ocean Territories by the Joint Standing Committee on the National Capital and External Territories, Canberra, p. 6.

[9] Shire Council of Christmas Island, Mr Gordon Thomson, Transcript T4, p. 11.

[10] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15.4, p. 1.

[11] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15.4, p. 1.

[12] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15.4, p. 1.

[13] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15, p. 13.

[14] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15, p. 13.

[15] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15, p. 14.

[16] Shire Council of Christmas Island, Mr Gordon Thomson, Transcript T4, p. 10.

[17] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15, p. 16.

[18] Shire of Christmas Island, Submission 24, p. 3.

[19] Shire of Christmas Island, Submission 24, p. 3.

[20] An isotainer is a tank in a standard ISO 20 ft. x 8 ft. x 8ft 6in. (about 6 m x 2.4 m x 2.5 m) frame, designed to be carried on board container ships.

[21] Attorney-General’s Department, Mr Julian Yates, Transcript T1, p. 2.

[22] Shire of Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Mrs Melinda Lymon, Transcript T5, p. 3.

[23] Shire of Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Mrs Melinda Lymon, Transcript T5, p. 12.

[24] Mr John Clunies-Ross, Submission 7, p. 2.

[25] Mr John Clunies-Ross, Submission 7, p. 3.

[26] Cocos Islands Co-Operative Society Limited, Submission 26, p. 3.

[27] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15, p. 15.

[28] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15.4, p. 1.

[29] Joint Standing Committee on the National Capital and External Territories, May 2006, Current and future governance arrangements for the Indian Ocean Territories, Parliament of the Commonwealth of Australia, Canberra, p. 53.

[30] Joint Standing Committee on the National Capital and External Territories, May 2006, Current and future governance arrangements for the Indian Ocean Territories, Parliament of the Commonwealth of Australia, Canberra, p. 53.

[31] Minister for Local Government, Territories and Roads, June 2007, Australian Government Response to the Report on Current and Future Governance Arrangements in the Indian Ocean Territories by the Joint Standing Committee on the National Capital and External Territories, Canberra, p. 8.

[32] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15, p. 15.

[33] Attorney-General’s Department, Mr Julian Yates, Transcript T1, p. 1.

[34] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15, p. 16.

[35] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15, p. 16.

[36] Attorney-General’s Department, Mr Julian Yates, Transcript T1, p. 2.

[37] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15.5, p. 6.

[38] Attorney-General’s Department, Submission 15.5, p. 6.

[39] Phosphate Resources Ltd., Mr Clive Brown, Transcript T4, p. 30.

[40] Attorney-General’s Department, Mr Julian Yates, Transcript T1, p. 9.

[41] Shire of Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Mrs Melinda Lymon, Transcript T5, p. 3.

[42] Cocos Islands Co-Operative Society Limited, Submission 7, p. 2.

[43] Shire of Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Mrs Melinda Lymon, Transcript T5, p. 11.

[44] Cocos Islands Co-Operative Society Limited, Submission 7, p. 2.

[45] Cocos (Keeling) Islands District High School, Submission 3, p. 1.

[46] Department of Infrastructure, Transport, Regional Development and Local Government, Submission 31, p. 1.

[47] Department of Infrastructure, Transport, Regional Development and Local Government, Submission 31, p. 1.

[48] Department of Infrastructure, Transport, Regional Development and Local Government, Submission 31, p. 1.

[49] Christmas Island Tourism Association, Mr Michael Asims, Transcript T4, p. 85.

[50] Shire of Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Mrs Melinda Lymon, Transcript T5, p. 6.

[51] Phosphate Resources Ltd, Mr Clive Brown, Transcript T4, p.30.

[52] Phosphate Resources Ltd, Mr Clive Brown, Transcript T4, p.38.

[53] Christmas Island Chamber of Commerce, Mr John Richardson, Transcript T4, p. 49.

[54] Department of Infrastructure, Transport, Regional Development and Local Government, December 2009, Flight Path to the Future, National Aviation Policy White Paper, Canberra, p. 44.

[55] Department of Infrastructure, Transport, Regional Development and Local Government, Submission 31, p. 1.

[56] Christmas Island Chamber of Commerce, Mr John Richardson, Transcript T4, p. 47.