Footnotes

Chapter 2 - The regulation of pesticides and veterinary chemicals –roles and responsibilities of Commonwealth and state departments and agencies

[1]        Department of Agriculture, Submission 15, p. 10.

[2]        Department of Agriculture, Submission 15, p. 10.

[3]        Department of Agriculture, Submission 15, p. 1.

[4]        Australian Pesticides and Veterinary Medicines Authority, Submission 23, p. 1.

[5]        This section of the report is based on information provided in Australian Pesticides and Veterinary Medicines Authority, Submission 23, pp 2-8.

[6]        The APVMA conducts a significant proportion of the assessment in-house, but advised that it does seek expert scientific input from external sources such as the Office of Chemical Safety, the Department of Health (for toxicology and occupational health and safety issues), and the Department of the Environment (for environmental assessments).

[7]        The APVMA advised that, in practice, situations often arise where chemicals are needed for a use not specified on the label – this type of use is often termed 'off label' use.

[8]        Australian Pesticides and Veterinary Medicines Authority, Submission 23, p. 4.

[9]        An outline of the APVMA's current Chemical Review Process is provided at Appendix 3.

[10]      Australian Pesticides and Veterinary Medicines Authority, Submission 23, p. 5.

[11]      Australian Pesticides and Veterinary Medicines Authority, Submission 23, p. 6.

[12]      Withholding periods (WHP) are the time that must elapse after the last application and the harvesting or consumption of treated plants.

[13]      Maximum Residue Limits (MRL) is the highest concentration of a residue of an agvet chemical that should occur in a food following use of a product. Department of Agriculture, Submission 15, p. 12.

[14]      Australian Pesticides and Veterinary Medicines Authority, Submission 23, p. 2.

[15]      Department of Agriculture, Submission 15, p. 11.

[16]      Department of Agriculture, Submission 15, p. 11.

[17]      Department of Agriculture, Submission 15, p. 11.

[18]      Department of Agriculture, Submission 15, p. 11.

[19]      The COAG Legislative and Governance Forum on Food Regulation sits as the Food Regulation Ministerial Council.

[20]      Food Standards Australia New Zealand, Submission 17, p. 1.

[21]      Food Standards Australia New Zealand, Submission 17, p. 2.

[22]      Australian Pesticides and Veterinary Medicines Authority, Submission 23, p. 8.

[23]      Food Standards Australia New Zealand, Submission 17, p. 1.

[24]      Food Standards Australia New Zealand, Submission 17, p. 2.

[25]      Food Standards Australia New Zealand, Submission 17, p. 2.

[26]      The FSANZ Act provides that the APVMA may vary the Maximum Residue Limits Standard (Standard 1.4.2). Essentially, if the APVMA is considering a variation to the Agvet Code and forms an opinion that variation of the Standard is appropriate, the APVMA is required to give notice of that opinion to FSANZ. FSANZ is required to give public notice of the APVMA opinion. The APVMA can then proceed to develop a proposed variation and notify FSANZ of that proposed variation. FSANZ must either prepare, or oversee the preparation of, a dietary exposure assessment. A copy of the assessment and FSANZ's comments on the assessment is to be provided to the Forum. A variation made by the APVMA has effect on gazettal by the APVMA and registration under the Legislative Instruments Act 2003.

[27]      Food Standards Australia New Zealand, Submission 17, p. 2.

[28]      Department of Agriculture, Submission 15, p. 12.

[29]      Australian Pesticides and Veterinary Medicines Authority, Submission 23, p. 7.

[30]      Australian Pesticides and Veterinary Medicines Authority, Submission 23, p. 7.

[31]      Department of Agriculture, Submission 15, p. 12.

[32]      Australian Pesticides and Veterinary Medicines Authority, Submission 23, p. 7.

[33]      The Department of Environment's environmental risk assessments for the APVMA are undertaken in accordance with the Environmental Risk Assessment Guidance Manual for Agricultural and Veterinary Chemicals. The Manual was approved in 2009 by Environment Ministers from all states and territories and the Commonwealth.

[34]      Department of Agriculture, Submission 15, p. 13.

[35]      Department of Agriculture, Submission 15, p. 1 and p. 10.

[36]      See, for example: Summerfruit Australia Limited, Submission 9, [p. 5], AUSVEG, Submission 14, [p. 1], Growcom, Submission 19, p. 4 and Mr Mark Napper, Submission 21, [p. 1].

[37]      Mr Rod Thomson, Submission 3, p. 1.  

[38]      Mr Rod Thomson, Submission 3, p. 1.

[39]      Mr Rod Thomson, Submission 3, pp 2-3.

[40]      Summerfruit Australia, Submission 9, [p. 5].

[41]      Summerfruit Australia, Submission 9, [p. 5].

[42]      Growcom, Submission 19, p. 4.

[43]      Growcom, Submission 19, p. 4.

[44]      AUSVEG, Submission 14, p. 2.

[45]      Mr Mark Wilkinson, Chair, Fruit West Summerfruit Leadership Group and Member, Fruit West Board, Committee Hansard, 3 February 2014, p. 2.

Chapter 3 - The chemical review of fenthion and its impact on industry stakeholders

[1]        Apple and Pear Australia Limited, Submission 4, [p. 1] and Australian Pesticides and Veterinary Medicines Authority, Submission 23, p. 1.

[2]        Australian Pesticides and Veterinary Medicines Authority, Submission 23, p. 9.

[3]        Apple and Pear Australia Limited, Submission 4, [p. 1] and Australian Pesticides and Veterinary Medicines Authority, Submission 23, p. 1.

[4]        Australian Pesticides and Veterinary Medicines Authority, Submission 23, p. 9.

[5]        Australian Pesticides and Veterinary Medicines Authority, Submission 23, p. 9.

[6]        The APVMA Review of Fenthion, Appendix XI, p. 135.

[7]        Additional Information, correspondence from APVMA, dated 24 June 2014; The APVMA Review of Fenthion, Appendix XI, p. 174

[8]        Mr Brett DelSimone, Hills Orchard Improvement Group, Committee Hansard, 3 February 2014, p. 23 and Dr Raj Bhula and Ms Kareena Arthy, Australian Pesticides and Veterinary Medicines Authority, Committee Hansard, 7 July 2014, pp 5 and 6.

[9]        Australian Pesticides and Veterinary Medicines Authority, Submission 23, p. 9.

[10]      Australian Pesticides and Veterinary Medicines Authority, Submission 23, p. 10.

[11]      The table describing the review process and decisions made by the APVMA is based on information provided in Australian Pesticides and Veterinary Medicines Authority, Submission 23, pp 9-12, Australian Pesticides and Veterinary Medicines Authority, Media Release, APVMA releases fenthion review for final phase of consultation, 22 May 2012 and Australian Pesticides and Veterinary Medicines Authority website http://www.apvma.gov.au/consultation/public/2014/prf­_fenthion.php, accessed 4 June 2014.

[12]      Pertaining to products used on food, commercial and home garden products for fruits and vegetables and a veterinary cattle.

[13]      Australian Pesticides and Veterinary Medicines Authority, Submission 23, p. 12.

[14]      Australian Pesticides and Veterinary Medicines Authority, Submission 23, p. 12.

[15]      See, for example, Donnybrook Orchard Improvement Group, Submission 8, Nannup Fresh Fruit Pty Ltd, Submission 7, CropLife Australia, Submission 13, Alliance for a Clean Environment, Submission 16, and Mr David Eyre, Submission 25.

[16]      Queensland Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, Submission 6, p. 2.

[17]      Mr Will Zacharin, Biosecurity SA, Department of Primary Industries and Regions South Australia, Committee Hansard, 16 April 2014, p. 37.

[18]      See, for example, Queensland Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, Submission 6, CropLife Australia, Submission 13, and Alliance for a Clean Environment, Submission 16.

[19]      CropLife Australia, Submission 13, Covering letter, p. 1.

[20]      CropLife Australia, Submission 13, Covering letter, p. 1.

[21]      See, for example, Summerfruit Australia, Submission 9, Horticulture Coalition of SA, Submission 11, Hills Orchard Improvement Group, Submission 1, CropLife Australia, Submission 13, and Alliance for a Clean Environment, Submission 16.

[22]      Horticulture Coalition of SA, Submission 11, [p. 2].

[23]      Horticulture Coalition of SA, Submission 11, [p. 2].

[24]      Australian Pesticides and Veterinary Medicines Authority, Submission 23, p. 5.

[25]      Australian Pesticides and Veterinary Medicines Authority, Submission 23, p. 5.

[26]      Media Release, The Hon. Barnaby Joyce, MP, Minister for Agriculture, Getting fruit fly under control a national priority, 7 May 2014, p. 1.

[27]      Summerfruit Australia, Submission 9, [p. 6].

[28]      Hills Orchard Improvement Group, Submission 12, p. 6.

[29]      Hills Orchard Improvement Group, Submission 12, p. 6.

[30]      Mr Mark Napper, Submission 21, [p. 1].

[31]      Growcom, Submission 19, p. 3.

[32]      Low Chill Australia Inc. is the national peak industry body representing low-chill stone fruit producers and its supply chain service providers (primarily in the areas around the NSW North Coast and the Queensland Sunshine Coast).

[33]      Low Chill Australia Inc., Submission 22, [p. 4].

[34]      Donnybrook Orchard Improvement Group, Submission 8, p. 4.

[35]      Donnybrook Orchard Improvement Group, Submission 8, p. 4.

[36]      Nannup Fresh Fruit Pty Ltd, Submission 7, [p. 2].

[37]      Ms Kareena Arthy, Australian Pesticides and Veterinary Medicines Authority, Committee Hansard, Briefing on use of fenthion, 9 December 2013, p. 4.

[38]      Hills Orchard Improvement Group, Submission 12, [p. 6].

[39]      Apple and Pear Australia Limited, Submission 4, pp [1 and 2].

[40]      Apple and Pear Australia Limited, Submission 4, pp [1 and 2].

[41]      Apple and Pear Australia Limited, Submission 4, pp [1 and 2].

[42]      Growcom, Submission 19, p. 4.

[43]      Growcom, Submission 19, p. 4.

[44]      Mr Mark Wilkinson, Submission 20, [p. 2].

[45]      Mr Mark Wilkinson, Submission 20, [p. 2].

[46]      Mr Rod Thomson, Submission 3, p. 4.

[47]      Mr Rod Thomson, Submission 3, p. 4.

[48]      Mr Rod Thomson, Submission 3, p. 4.

[49]      Mr Rod Thomson, Submission 3, p. 4.

[50]      Queensland Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, Submission 6, p. 8.

[51]      Department of Agriculture, Submission 15, p. 2.

[52]      Ms Maria Costi, Venus Citrus, Committee Hansard, 16 April 2014, p. 20.

[53]      Citrus Australia – SA Region, Submission 29, p. 2.

Chapter 4 - Alternatives to fenthion – chemicals and management methods

[1]        Apple and Pear Australia Limited, Submission 4, [p. 3].

[2]        Apple and Pear Australia Limited, Submission 4, [p. 4].

[3]        Low Chill Australia Inc., Submission 22, [p. 4].

[4]        NSW Farmers' Association, Submission 26, p. 10.

[5]        Apple and Pear Australia Limited, Submission 4, [p. 3].

[6]        European Food Safety Authority, Conclusion on the peer review of the pesticide risk assessment for bees for the active substance clothianidin, EFSA Journal 11(1), 16 January 2013, cited in Apple and Pear Australia Limited, Submission 4, [p. 3].

[7]        Apple and Pear Australia Limited, Submission 4, [p. 3].

[8]        Mr Rod Thomson, Submission 3, p. 3.

[9]        Mr Rod Thomson, Submission 3, p. 3.

[10]      Apple and Pear Australia Limited, Submission 4, [p. 2].

[11]      Mr Mark Napper, Submission 21, [p. 4].

[12]      Apple and Pear Australia Limited, Submission 4, [p. 2].

[13]      Apple and Pear Australia Limited, Submission 4, [p. 2].

[14]      Donnybrook Orchard Improvement Group, Submission 8, [p. 2].

[15]      Nannup Fresh Fruit Pty Ltd, Submission 7, [pp 2-3].

[16]      CropLife Australia, Submission 13, p. 3.

[17]      Apple and Pear Australia Limited, Submission 4, [pp 2-3].

[18]      TJ and KJ Wilson, Submission 1, [p. 2].

[19]      Mr Mark Napper, Submission 21, [p. 4]. See also Growcom, Submission 19, p. 8.

[20]      Apple and Pear Australia Limited, Submission 4, [p. 5].

[21]      Mr Will Zacharin, Biosecurity SA, Department of Primary Industries and Regions South Australia, Committee Hansard, 16 April 2014, p. 39.

[22]      Apple and Pear Australia Limited, Submission 4, [p. 5].

[23]      Apple and Pear Australia Limited, Submission 4, [p. 5].

[24]      Horticulture Coalition of SA Inc., Submission 11, [p. 3].

[25]      Horticulture Coalition of SA Inc., Submission 11, [p. 3].

[26]      Mr Con Poulos, Citrus Australia (SA), Committee Hansard, 16 April 2014, p. 6.

[27]      Mr Con Poulos, Citrus Australia (SA), Committee Hansard, 16 April 2014, p. 7.

[28]      Mr Tim Grieger, South Australian Fresh Fruit Growers Association, Committee Hansard, 16 April 2014, p. 9.

[29]      Apple and Pear Australia Limited, Submission 4, [p. 2].

[30]      Apple and Pear Australia Limited, Submission 4, [p. 5].

[31]      Low Chill Australia Inc., Submission 22, [p. 4].

[32]      Nannup Fresh Fruit Pty Ltd, Submission 7, [p. 2].

[33]      AUSVEG, Submission 14, p. 3.

[34]      AUSVEG, Submission 14, p. 3.

[35]      Summerfruit Australia, Submission 9, [p. 8].

[36]      TJ and KJ Wilson, Submission 1, [p. 3].

[37]      Australian Pesticides and Veterinary Medicines Authority, Submission 23, p. 2.

[38]      Apple and Pear Australia Limited, Submission 4, [p. 6].

[39]      Apple and Pear Australia Limited, Submission 4, [p. 6].

[40]      Queensland Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, Submission 6, p. 3.

[41]      Queensland Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, Submission 6, p. 3.

[42]      Queensland Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, Submission 6, p. 3.

[43]      Ms Kareena Arthy, Australian Pesticides and Veterinary Medicines Authority, Committee Hansard, Briefing on use of fenthion, 9 December 2013, p. 2.

[44]      Mr John van Schagen, Plant Biosecurity, Department of Agriculture and Food, Western Australia, Committee Hansard, 3 February 2014, p. 18.

[45]      Mr John van Schagen, Plant Biosecurity, Department of Agriculture and Food, Western Australia, Committee Hansard, 3 February 2014, p. 18.

[46]      Nannup Fresh Fruit Pty Ltd, Submission 7, [p. 1]. See also, Mr Will Zacharin, Biosecurity SA, Department of Primary Industries and Regions South Australia, Committee Hansard, 16 April 2014, p. 42, 

[47]      Nannup Fresh Fruit Pty Ltd, Submission 7, [p. 1].

[48]      Nannup Fresh Fruit Pty Ltd, Submission 7, [p. 2].

[49]      See, for example, AUSVEG, Submission 14 and Venus Citrus, Submission 28, p. 1.

[50]      Board of Summerfruit Australia, Submission 10, [p. 1].

[51]      Board of Summerfruit Australia, Submission 10, [p. 2].

[52]      Board of Summerfruit Australia, Submission 10, [p. 3]. See also, Mr Rod Thomson, Submission 3, Horticulture Coalition of SA, Submission 11, and Mr Tim Grieger, South Australian Fresh Fruit Growers Association, Committee Hansard, 16 April 2014, p. 8.

[53]      Mr Brett DelSimone, Hills Orchard Improvement Group, Committee Hansard, 3 February 2014, p. 22.

[54]      Mr Brett DelSimone, Hills Orchard Improvement Group, Committee Hansard, 3 February 2014, p. 23.

[55]      See, for example, Mr Con Poulos, Citrus Australia (SA), Committee Hansard, 16 April 2014, p. 1, and Mr Tim Grieger, South Australian Fresh Fruit Growers Association, Committee Hansard, 16 April 2014, p. 8, 

[56]      Mr Trevor Ranford, Horticulture Coalition of South Australia Inc., Committee Hansard, 16 April 2014, p. 24.

[57]      Mr Will Zacharin, Biosecurity SA, Department of Primary Industries and Regions South Australia, Committee Hansard, 16 April 2014, p. 38.

[58]      Additional Information, Australian Pesticides and Veterinary Medicines Authority, response to request for advice from the RRAT References Committee, correspondence dated 21 July 2014, p. 3.

[59]      Additional Information, Australian Pesticides and Veterinary Medicines Authority, response to request for advice from the RRAT References Committee, correspondence dated 21 July 2014, p. 3.

[60]      Additional Information, Australian Pesticides and Veterinary Medicines Authority, response to request for advice from the RRAT References Committee, correspondence dated 21 July 2014, p. 3.

[61]      Additional Information, Australian Pesticides and Veterinary Medicines Authority, response to request for advice from the RRAT References Committee, correspondence dated 21 July 2014, p. 3.

[62]      Dr Vanessa Findlay, Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, Committee Hansard, Rural and Regional Affairs and Transport Legislation Committee, Estimates, 28 May 2014, p. 58.

[63]      Dr Vanessa Findlay, Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, Committee Hansard, Rural and Regional Affairs and Transport Legislation Committee, Estimates, 28 May 2014, p. 58.

[64]      Nannup Fresh Fruit Pty Ltd, Submission 7, [p. 2].

[65]      Mr Con Poulos, Citrus Australia (SA), Committee Hansard, 16 April 2014, p. 5.

[66]      Mr Timothy Tol, District Council of Loxton Waikerie, Committee Hansard, 16 April 2014, p. 14.

[67]      Mr Timothy Tol, District Council of Loxton Waikerie, Committee Hansard, 16 April 2014, p. 15.

[68]      Mr Trevor Ranford, Horticulture Coalition of South Australia Inc., Committee Hansard, 16 April 2014, p. 25.

[69]      Summerfruit Australia, Submission 9, Appendix A, [p. 1].

[70]      Summerfruit Australia, Submission 9, Appendix A, [p. 1].

[71]      Summerfruit Australia, Submission 9, [p. 3].

[72]      Summerfruit Australia, Submission  9, [p. 3].

[73]      Mr Con Poulos, Citrus Australia (SA), Committee Hansard, 16 April 2014, p. 4.

[74]      Mr Tim Grieger, South Australian Fresh Fruit Growers Association, Committee Hansard, 16 April 2014, p. 11.

[75]      Mr Tim Grieger, South Australian Fresh Fruit Growers Association, Committee Hansard, 16 April 2014, p. 11.

[76]      Mr Will Zacharin, Biosecurity SA, Department of Primary Industries and Regions South Australia, Committee Hansard, 16 April 2014, p. 41.

[77]      Media Release, The Hon. Barnaby Joyce, MP, Minister for Agriculture, Getting fruit fly under control a national priority, 7 May 2014.

[78]      Dr Vanessa Findlay, Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, Committee Hansard, Rural and Regional Affairs and Transport Legislation Committee, Estimates, 28 May 2014, p. 61.

[79]      Media Release, The Hon. Barnaby Joyce, MP, Minister for Agriculture, Getting fruit fly under control a national priority, 7 May 2014.

[80]      Dr Vanessa Findlay, Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, Committee Hansard, Rural and Regional Affairs and Transport Legislation Committee, Estimates, 28 May 2014, p. 58.

[81]      Dr Vanessa Findlay, Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, Committee Hansard, Rural and Regional Affairs and Transport Legislation Committee, Estimates, 28 May 2014, p. 58.

[82]      Dr Vanessa Findlay, Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, Committee Hansard, Rural and Regional Affairs and Transport Legislation Committee, Estimates, 28 May 2014, p. 65.

[83]      Dr Vanessa Findlay, Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, Committee Hansard, Rural and Regional Affairs and Transport Legislation Committee, Estimates, 28 May 2014, p. 65.