Footnotes

[1] Bob Birrell, Ian R. Dobson, Virginia Rapson and T. Fred Smith, Higher Education at the Crossroads, Centre for Population and Urban Research, Monash University, 1993, p.6

[2] These themes are examined in the Senate Employment, Workplace Relations, Small Business and Education References Committee's report, Universities in Crisis, September 2001,
pp.282-88

[3] Student Financial Advisers Network, Submission 116, p.2

[4] National Welfare Rights Network, Submission 134, p.8

[5] Student Financial Assistance, Report of the House of Representatives Standing Committee on Employment, Education and Training, Canberra, 1991, p.22

[6] ibid.

[7] Department of Family and Community Services, Submission 110, p.6

[8] Bob Birrell, Ian R. Dobson, Virginia Rapson and T. Fred Smith, Higher Education at the Crossroads, Centre for Population and Urban Research, Monash University, 1993, p.1

[9] Michael Long and Martin Hayden, Paying Their Way: A Survey of Australian Undergraduate University Student Finances, 2000, Australian Vice-Chancellors' Committee, October 2001, p.45

[10] Ian R. Dobson, 'Youth Allowance: More Please!', People and Place, vol.12, no.3, 2004, p.52

[11] Bruce Chapman, Austudy: Towards a More Flexible Approach. An Options Paper, A report commissioned by the Department of Employment, Education and Training, April 1992, p.viii

[12] ibid.

[13] ibid., pp.33-51

[14] ibid., p.8

[15] ibid.

[16] Michael Long and Martin Hayden, Paying Their Way: A Survey of Australian Undergraduate University Student Finances, 2000, Australian Vice-Chancellors' Committee, October 2001, p.33

[17] Department of Family and Community Services, Submission 110, p.9

[18] Student Financial Advisers Network, Submission 116, p.11

[19] Department of Family and Community Services, Submission 110, p.18

[20] ibid.

[21] Michael Long and Martin Hayden, Paying Their Way: A Survey of Australian Undergraduate University Student Finances, 2000, Australian Vice-Chancellors' Committee, October 2001, p.33

[22] Department of Family and Community Services, Submission 110, p.21. Recipients of Austudy with dependent children may qualify for Rent Assistance with their Family Tax Benefit. Where an Austudy recipient has a partner in receipt of an income support payment which includes Rent Assistance, the partner may receive the full partnered rate of Rent Assistance.

[23] Department of Education, Science and Training, Submission 124, p.3

[24] ibid., p.34

[25] National Tertiary Education Union, Submission 129, p.3

[26] ibid.

[27] Senate Employment, Education and Training References Committee, Report on the Inquiry into Austudy, June 1995; Senate Employment, Workplace Relations, Small Business and Education References Committee, Universities in Crisis: Report into the capacity of public universities to meet Australia's higher education needs, September 2001, pp.282-88

[28] Dr Bob Birrell, Committee Hansard, 26 April 2005, p.17

[29] Youth Affairs Council of Victoria, Submission 67, p.2

[30] ibid.

[31] Mr Max Jeganathan, Australian National University Students' Association, Committee Hansard, 13 May 2005, p.21

[32] ibid.

[33] Mr Max Jeganathan, Australian National University Students' Association, Committee Hansard, 13 May 2005, p.21

[34] Ms Jessie Borthwick, Department of Education, Science and Training, Committee Hansard, 13 May 2005, p.45

[35] Department of Family and Community Services, Submission 110, p.37

[36] Judith Bessant, Student Poverty and the Enterprise University, unpublished paper, 2001

[37] Professor Robert Watts, Committee Hansard, 26 April 2005, p.75

[38] Judith Bessant, 'The problem of Poverty Amongst Tertiary Students: Why it is Missing from the Policy Agenda', Melbourne Studies in Education, vol.44, No.2, 2003, pp.79-85

[39] Dr Ian Dobson, Submission 137, p.2

[40] Ms Jessie Borthwick, Department of Education, Science and Training, Committee Hansard,
13 May 2005, p.44

[41] Mr Graham Hastings, National Union of Students, Committee Hansard, 26 April 2005, p.24

[42] Ms Jessie Borthwick, Department of Education, Science and Training, Committee Hansard,
13 May 2005, p.48

[43] Student Financial Advisers Network, Submission 116, p.2

[44] RMIT Student Union, Submission 78, p.14

[45] ibid.

[46] ibid., p.52

[47] Senate Employment, Education and Training References Committee, Report on the Inquiry into Austudy, June 1995, recommendation 15, p.x

[48] Student Financial Advisers Network, Submission 116, p.12

[49] ibid.

[50] Mr David Pearson, Students' Association of the University of Adelaide, Committee Hansard, 28 April 2005, p.26

[51] Mrs Michelle Cornish, Centrelink, Committee Hansard, 13 May 2005, p.58

[52] Mr Joel Wright, National Tertiary Education Union, Committee Hansard, 26 April 2005, p.58

[53] NTEU, Submission 129, p.12

[54] ibid.

[55] Mr Mark Allen, University of South Australia Students' Association, Committee Hansard, 28 April 2005, p.27

[56] Miss Monica Okilicz, Deakin University Student Association, Committee Hansard, 26 April 2005, p.62

[57] Ms Carolyn Hogg, Centrelink, Committee Hansard, 13 May 2005, p.53

[58] Mrs Michelle Cornish, Centrelink, Committee Hansard, 13 May 2005, p.54

[59] Ms Carolyn Hogg, Centrelink, Committee Hansard, 13 May 2005, p.50

[60] Mr Vincent Callaghan, Student Financial Advisers Network, Committee Hansard, 26 April 2005, p.2

[61] Student Financial Advisers Network, Submission 116, pp.12-13

[62] Reference to the DEET report is in University of Technology Sydney, Submission 73, p.8

[63] AVCC, Submission 114, p.3

[64] Australasian Campus Union Managers Association, Submission 95, p.13

[65] NSW Student Guild, Submission 48, p.6

[66] ibid.; NUS, Submission 89, p.61

[67] Australian National University Students' Association, Submission 85, p.14

[68] Students' Association of the University of Adelaide, Submission 75, p.20

[69] The University of Adelaide, Submission 49, p.4

[70] Bob Birrell, Ian R. Dobson and T. Fred Smith, 'The New Youth Allowance and Access to Higher Education', People and Place, vol.7, no.3, 1999, p.20

[71] Bob Birrell, Ian R. Dobson, Virginia Rapson and T. Fred Smith, Higher Education at the Crossroads, Centre for Population and Urban Research, Monash University, 2003, p.5

[72] Vincent Callaghan, 'Government Financial Support for Students – the Case for Radical Reform', People and Place, vol.11, no.3, 2003, pp.15-16

[73] ibid.

[74] Flinders University, Submission 21, p.4

[75] RMIT Student Union, Submission 78, p.35

[76] National Tertiary Education Union, Submission 129, p.10

[77] ibid., p.10

[78] ibid.

[79] Ms Vicki-Ann Speechley-Golden, Committee Hansard, 26 April 2005, p.45

[80] Mr Joel Wright, National Tertiary Education Union, Committee Hansard, 26 April 2005, p.53

[81] ibid., p.54

[82] Mr Max Jeganathan, Australian National University Students' Association, Committee Hansard, 13 May 2005, p.22

[83] Australian Council of Social Service, Submission 24, p.13

[84] ibid., p.14. The ACOSS submission draws upon two deprivation studies: the ABS Financial Stress Study (2002) and the ACOSS Emergency Relief Study (1999).

[85] National Union of Students, Submission 89, p.5

[86] Ms Melissa Coad, National Welfare Rights Network, Committee Hansard, 13 May 2005, p.25

[87] National Welfare Rights Network, Submission 134, p.17

[88] ibid., p.15

[89] Mr Roger Deutscher, Student Financial Advisers Network, Committee Hansard, 26 April 2005, p.7

[90] Students' Association of Flinders University, Submission 83, p.10

[91] Deakin University Student Association, Submission 46, p.5

[92] Judith Bessant, 'The Problem of Poverty Amongst Tertiary Students: Why It is Missing from the Policy Agenda', Melbourne Studies in Education, vol.44, no.2, 2003, pp.69-88; Judith Bessant, Student Poverty and the Enterprise University, unpublished paper, 2001

[93] ibid., p.5

[94] Professor Robert Watts, Committee Hansard, 26 April 2005, p.78

[95] National Indigenous Postgraduate Association Aboriginal Corporation, Submission 98, p.9

[96] ibid.

[97] Ms Rachel Allen, Australian National University Students' Association, Committee Hansard, 13 May 2005, p.14

[98] Bruce Chapman, Austudy: Towards a More Flexible Approach. An Options Paper, A report commissioned by the Department of Employment, Education and Training, April 1992,
pp.112-13

[99] Dr Ian Dobson, Submission 137, p.5

[100] ibid., p.4

[101] National Tertiary Education Union, Submission 129, pp.7-9

[102] Mr Joel Wright, National Tertiary Education Union, Committee Hansard, 26 April 2005, p.60

[103] ibid., p.61

[104] Australian Council of Social Service , Submission 24, p.23

[105] See Appendix 4, Chart D(a)—Personal Income test for Youth Allowance, Austudy Payment, Abstudy

[106] Vincent Callaghan, 'Government Financial Support for Students—the Case for Radical Reform', People and Place, vol.11, no.3, 2003, p.17

[107] National Welfare Rights Network, Submission 134, p.6

[108] Bob Birrell, Ian R. Dobson and T. Fred Smith, 'The New Youth Allowance and Access to Higher Education', People and Place, vol.7, no.3, 1999, p.24

[109] Mr Mark Allen, University of South Australia Students' Association, Committee Hansard, 28 April 2005, p.26

[110] National Union of Students, Submission 89, p.25

[111] Department of Family and Community Services, Submission 110, p.21

[112] Ms Susan Bennett, Department of Education, Science and Training, Committee Hansard, 13 May 2005, p.58

[113] Mr Mark O'Brien, Tenants Union of Victoria, Committee Hansard, 13 May 2005, p.37

[114] Ms Melissa Coad, National Welfare Rights Network, Committee Hansard, 13 May 2005, p.27

[115] Mr Trevor White, Australasian Campus Union Managers Association, Committee Hansard, 26 April 2005, p.33

[116] National Welfare Rights Network, Submission 134, p.7

[117] Ms Melissa Coad, National Welfare Rights Network, Committee Hansard, 13 May 2005, p.25

[118] ibid.

[119] Council of Australian Postgraduate Associations, Submission 74, p.10

[120] ibid., p.12

[121] Mr Nigel Palmer, Flinders Postgraduate Students' Association, Committee Hansard, 28 April 2005, p.40

[122] Mr Matthew Belleghem, University of Melbourne Postgraduate Association, Committee Hansard, 26 April 2005, p.39

[123] Mr Nigel Palmer, Flinders Postgraduate Students' Association, Committee Hansard, 28 April 2005, p.42

[124] Council of Australian Postgraduate Associations, Submission 74, p.15

[125] Mr Stephen Horton, Council of Australian Postgraduate Associations, Committee Hansard, 26 April 2005, p.43

[126] Mr Benjamin Wallace, Department of Family and Community Service, Committee Hansard, 13 May 2005, p.60

[127] The University of Newcastle, Submission 33, p.4

[128] Mr John Mullarvey, Australian Vice-Chancellors' Committee, Committee Hansard, 13 May 2005, p.9

[129] Professor Roger Dean, University of Canberra, Committee Hansard, 13 May 2005, p.11

[130] The University of Sydney, Submission 57, p.1

[131] Group of Eight, Submission 112, p.2

[132] Flinders University, Submission 21, p.3

[133] ibid.

[134] Additional information, 2 May 2005

[135] National Union of Students, Submission 89, p.63

[136] Australian Vice-Chancellors' Committee, Submission 114, pp.5-6

[137] Professor Roger Dean, University of Canberra, Committee Hansard, 13 May 2005, p.4

[138] University of South Australia, Submission 113, p.6

[139] ibid., p.8

[140] Professor Robert Watts, RMIT University, Committee Hansard, 26 April 2005, p.75

[141] Australian Council of Social Service, Submission 24, p.38

[142] ibid.

[143] Australasian Campus Union Managers Association, Submission 95, p.15

[144] AVCC, Submission 114, p.6

[145] Professor Roger Dean, University of Canberra, Committee Hansard, 13 May 2005, p.2

[146] Ms Aparna Rao, Committee Hansard, 13 May 2005, pp.19-20

[147] The Australian National University Students' Association, Submission 85, p.17

[148] The University of Adelaide, Submission 49, p.5

[149] South Australian Government, Submission 125, p.11

[150] Dr Ian Dobson, Submission 137, p.5

[151] Australian Vice-Chancellors' Committee, Forward from the crossroads: pathways to effective and diverse Australian universities, September 2002, p.47

[152] Craig McInnis, 'Signs of Disengagement: Responding to the Changing Work and Study Patterns of Full-Time Undergraduates in Australian Universities', in Jurgen Enders and Oliver Fulton (eds), Higher Education in a Globalising World: International Trends and Mutual Observations, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, 2002, p.175

[153] ibid., p.179

[154] ibid.

[155] Craig McInnis, New Realities of the Student Experience: How Should Universities Respond?, Paper presented to the Financial Review Higher Education Summit, Sydney, 2003, pp.2-3

[156] Students' Association of Flinders University, Submission 83, p.10

[157] Craig McInnis, Richard James and Robyn Hartley, Trends in the First Year Experience in Australian Universities, Department of Education, Training and Youth Affairs, July 2000

[158] ibid., p.38

[159] Kerr-Lee Krause, Robyn Hartley, Richard James and Craig McInnis, The First Year Experience in Australian Universities: Findings From a Decade of National Studies, Department of Education, Science and Training, January 2005, p.v

[160] Michael Long and Martin Hayden, Paying Their Way: A Survey of Australian Undergraduate University Student Finances, 2000, Australian Vice-Chancellors' Committee, October 2001

[161] ibid., p.87

[162] ibid., p.13

[163] Professor Roger Deane, University of Canberra, Committee Hansard, 13 May 2005, p.3

[164] Craig Applegate and Anne Daly, The Impact of Paid Work on the Academic Performance of Students: a Case Study from the University of Canberra, Discussion Paper, Centre for Labour Market Research, 2005, p.10

[165] Students' Representative Council, University of Sydney, Submission 121A, p.1

[166] ibid., p.2

[167] Craig McInnis, 'Signs of Disengagement: Responding to the Changing Work and Study Patterns of Full-Time Undergraduates in Australian Universities', op.cit, p.175

[168] Craig McInnis, Richard James and Robyn Hartley, Trends in the First Year Experience in Australian Universities, Department of Education, Training and Youth Affairs, July 2000, p.xi

[169] Craig McInnis and Robyn Hartley, Managing Study and Work: the Impact of Full-Time Study and Paid Work on the Undergraduate Experience in Australian Universities, Department of Education, Science and Training, 2002, p. xi

[170] Michael Long and Martin Hayden, Paying Their Way: A Survey of Australian Undergraduate University Student Finances, 2000, Australian Vice-Chancellors' Committee, October 2001, p.87

[171] Students' Representative Council, University of Sydney, Submission 121A, p.2

[172] Craig Applegate and Anne Daly, The Impact of Paid Work on the Academic Performance of Students: a Case Study from the University of Canberra, Discussion Paper, Centre for Labour Market Research, 2005, p.13

[173] Professor Anne Edwards, Flinders University, Committee Hansard, 28 April 2005, p.3

[174] National Union of Students, Submission 89, p.45

[175] Professor Charles Bodman-Rae, University of Adelaide, Committee Hansard, 28 April 2005, p.58

[176] Mr Roger Deutscher, Student Financial Advisers Network, Committee Hansard, 26 April 2005, p.9

[177] Craig McInnis, 'Signs of Disengagement: Responding to the Changing Work and Study Patterns of Full-Time Undergraduates in Australian Universities', op.cit, p.179

[178] Craig McInnis and Robyn Hartley, Managing Study and Work: the Impact of Full-Time Study and Paid Work on the Undergraduate Experience in Australian Universities, Department of Education, Science and Training, 2002, p.xii

[179] Mr David Pearson, Students' Association of the University of Adelaide, Committee Hansard, 28 April 2005, p.29

[180] University of South Australia Students' Association, Submission 71, p.7

[181] Judith Bessant, 'The Problem of Poverty Amongst Tertiary Students: Why It is Missing from the Policy Agenda', Melbourne Studies in Education, vol.44, no.2, 2003, p.72

[182] University of South Australia, Submission 113, p.4

[183] Mr Graham Hastings, National Union of Students, Committee Hansard, 26 April 2005, p.23

[184] Dr Ian Dobson, Committee Hansard, 26 April 2005, p.15

[185] Mr David Pearson, Students' Association of the University of Adelaide, Committee Hansard, 28 April 2005, p.23

[186] ibid., p.28

[187] Mr Max Jeganathan, Australian National University Students' Association, Committee Hansard, 13 May 2005, p.18

[188] ibid.

[189] RMIT Student Union, Submission 78, p.13

[190] Professor Anne Edwards, Flinders University, Committee Hansard, 28 April 2005, p.2

[191] ibid., p.9

[192] Mr Max Jeganathan, Australian National University Students' Association, Committee Hansard, 13 May 2005, p.13

[193] Craig McInnis and Robyn Hartley, Managing Study and Work: the Impact of Full-Time Study and Paid Work on the Undergraduate Experience in Australian Universities, Department of Education, Science and Training, 2002, p.xi

[194] Australian Vice-Chancellors' Committee, Forward from the crossroads: pathways to effective and diverse Australian universities, September 2002, pp.45-47

[195] Educational Policy Institute, Global Higher Education Rankings: Affordability and Accessibility in Comparative Perspective, 2005

[196] Students' Association of the University of Adelaide, Submission 75, p.13

[197] RMIT Student Union, Submission 78, p.4

[198] National Union of Students, Submission 89, p.26

[199] ibid., p.47

[200] National Tertiary Education Union, Submission 129, p.15

[201] Australasian Campus Union Managers Association, Submission 95, p.12

[202] National Union of Students, Submission 89, p.48

[203] Mr Graham Hastings, National Union of Students, Committee Hansard, 26 April 2005, p.22

[204] Australasian Campus Union Managers Association, Submission 95, p.12

[205] National union of Students, Submission 89, p.52

[206] Australian Council of Social Service, Submission 24, p.34

[207] Flinders University, Submission 21, p.3

[208] RMIT Student Union, Submission 78, p.29

[209] National Indigenous Postgraduate Association Aboriginal Corporation, Submission 98, p.30

[210] National union of Students, Submission 89, p.53

[211] Australian Council of Social Service, Submission 24, p.34

[212] University of South Australia Students' Association, Submission 71, p.8

[213] University of South Australia, Submission 113, p.4

[214] Flinders Postgraduate Students' Association, Submission 92, p.5

[215] Australasian Campus Union Managers Association, Submission 95, p.11

[216] Michael Long and Martin Hayden, Paying Their Way: A Survey of Australian Undergraduate University Student Finances, 2000, Australian Vice-Chancellors' Committee, October 2001, p.30

[217] Australasian Campus Union Managers Association, Submission 95, p.11

[218] Ms Naomi Vaughan, Students' Association of the University of Adelaide, Committee Hansard, 28 April 2005, p.18

[219] Ms Jacqui Forte, Students' Association of Flinders University, Committee Hansard, 28 April 2005, p.19

[220] Mr Max Jeganathan, Australian National University Students' Association, Committee Hansard, 13 May 2005, p.14

[221] Ms Rachel Allen, Australian National University Students' Association, Committee Hansard, 13 May 2005, p.15

[222] Flinders Postgraduate Students' Association, Submission 92, p.5

[223] University of South Australia Students' Association, Submission 71, p.5

[224] ibid., pp.5-6

[225] Mr Max Jeganathan, Australian National University Students' Association, Committee Hansard, 13 May 2005, p.15

[226] The Higher Education Support Amendment (Abolition of Compulsory Up-front Student Fees) Bill 2005 was introduced in the House of Representatives on 16 March 2005.

[227] Mr Mark Pendleton, RMIT Student Union, Committee Hansard, 26 April 2005, p.64

[228] Mr Trevor White, Australasian Campus Union Managers Association, Committee Hansard, 26 April 2005, p.36

[229] Mr David Pearson, Students' Association of the University of Adelaide, Committee Hansard, 28 April 2005, p.13

[230] Ms Katana Smith, NUS, Committee Hansard, 26 April 2005, p.21

[231] Mr Felix Eldridge, NUS, Committee Hansard, 26 April 2005, p.27

[232] Mr Philip Hunt, Deakin University Student Association, Committee Hansard, 26 April 2005, p.68

[233] Council of Australian Postgraduate Associations, Submission 74, p.9

[234] Ms Jacqui Forte, Students' Association of Flinders University, Committee Hansard, 28 April 2005, p.21

[235] Mr Nigel Palmer, Flinders Postgraduate Students' Association, Committee Hansard, 28 April 2005, p.41

[236] University of South Australia Students' Association, Submission 71, p.6

[237] ibid.

[238] ibid.