Chapter 1

[1]        Senate Standing Committees on Community Affairs, Inquiry into the involuntary or coerced sterilisation of people with disabilities in Australia: Submissions received by the Committee https://www.aph.gov.au/Parliamentary_Business/Committees/Senate/Community Affairs/Involuntary Sterilisation/Submissions (accessed 12 July 2013).

[2]        Senate Standing Committees on Community Affairs, Inquiry into the involuntary or coerced sterilisation of people with disabilities in Australia: Public hearings and transcripts https://www.aph.gov.au/Parliamentary_Business/Committees/Senate/Community Affairs/Involuntary Sterilisation/Public Hearings (accessed 12 July 2013).

[3]        Family Law Council, Sterilisation and other medical procedures on children, terms of reference, 1994, paragraph 1.06.

[4]        Family Law Council, Sterilisation and other medical procedures on children, terms of reference, 1994, Recommendations 1–4.

[5]        Australian Human Rights Commission, The sterilisation of girls and young women in Australia: issues and progress, http://www.humanrights.gov.au/publications/sterilisation-chapter-two (accessed 12 July 2013).

[6]        Australian Human Rights Commission, The sterilisation of girls and young women in Australia: 1997 report, http://www.humanrights.gov.au/sterilisation-girls-and-young-women-australia-1997-report (accessed 12 July 2013).

[7]        Australian Human Rights Commission, The sterilisation of girls and young women in Australia: issues and progress, http://www.humanrights.gov.au/publications/sterilisation-chapter-five (accessed 12 July 2013).

[8]        Australian Human Rights Commission, The sterilisation of girls and young women in Australia: issues and progress, http://www.humanrights.gov.au/publications/sterilisation-chapter-six (accessed 12 July 2013).

[9]        Australian Government, Australia's combined fourth and fifth reports to the United Nations on the Convention on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women, June 2003, p. 77.

[10]      World Health Organisation (2013) in Organisation Intersex International Australia Limited, Submission 23, p. 2.

[11]      See, for example, Sexual Health and Family Planning Australia, Submission 52, p. 3; Women With Disabilities Australia, Submission 49, p. 38.

[12]      Australian Human Rights Commission, Submission 5, pp. 3–4; Women With Disabilities Australia, Submission 49, p.19; Brady, J. Briton & S. Grover, The Sterilisation of Girls and Young Women in Australia: issues and progress, 2001, p. 28.

[13]      Women With Disabilities Australia, in Australian Human Rights Commission, Submission  5, p. 3.

[14]      Women With Disabilities Australia, Submission 49, p. 19; S. Brady, J. Briton & S. Grover, The Sterilisation of Girls and Young Women in Australia: issues and progress, 2001, p. 3.

[15]      Australian Human Rights Commission, Submission 5, p. 8; Women With Disabilities Australia, Submission 49, p.30;  Professor Gwynnyth Llewellyn, University of Sydney, Submission 21, pp. 3–5; S.M. Brady & S. Glover, The Sterilisation of Girls and Young Women in Australia; A Legal, Medical and Social Context – report commissioned by the Federal Disability Discrimination Commissioner, 1997, pp. 28–29.

[16]      See, for example, Guardianship and Management of Property Act 1991 (ACT) and Adult Guardianship Act 1988 (NT).

[17]      See, for example, Australian Human Rights Commission, Submission 5, p. 3; Women With Disabilities Australia, Submission 49, p. 18.

[18]      Mosby's Dictionary of Medicine Nursing and Health Professionals 2^nd Australian and New Zealand Edition  Peter Harris; Sue Nagy & Nicholas Vardaxis (Eds) 2009.

[19]      Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Gynaecology that Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Submission 69, p. 3; S.M. Brady & S. Glover, The Sterilisation of Girls and Young Women in Australia; A Legal, Medical and Social Context – report commissioned by the Federal Disability Discrimination Commissioner, 1997, pp. 21–22.

[20]      S.M. Brady & S. Glover, The Sterilisation of Girls and Young Women in Australia; A Legal, Medical and Social Context – report commissioned by the Federal Disability Discrimination Commissioner, 1997, p. 23.

[21]      Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Gynaecology at Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Submission 69, p. 3; S.M. Brady & S. Glover, The Sterilisation of Girls and Young Women in Australia; A Legal, Medical and Social Context – report commissioned by the Federal Disability Discrimination Commissioner, 1997, p.22.

[22]      Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Gynaecology at Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Submission 69, p. 3; State of Victoria, Australia, Better Health Channel Fact Sheet Contraception Choices http://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/bhcv2/bhcpdf.nsf/ByPDF/Contraception_choices_explained/$File/Contraception_choices_explained.pdf (accessed 10 April 2013)

[23]      Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Gynaecology at Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Submission 69, p. 3.

[24]      Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Gynaecology at Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Submission 69, p. 3.

[25]      Organisation Intersex International Australia Limited, Submission 23, p. 3; Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome Support Group Australia Inc., Submission 54, p. 3.

[26]      Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Gynaecology at Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Submission 69, p. 3; S.M. Brady & S. Glover, The Sterilisation of Girls and Young Women in Australia; A Legal, Medical and Social Context – report commissioned by the Federal Disability Discrimination Commissioner, 1997, p. 22.

[27]      Sexual Health and Family Planning Australia, Submission 52, p. 3.

[28]      The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists, Submission 30. pp. 1–2.

[29]      D. Mazza, C. Harrison, A. Taft, B. Brijnath, H. Britt, M. Hobbs, K. Stewart & S. Hussainy, 'Current Contraceptive Management in Australian General Practice: an analysis of BEACH data', Medical Journal of Australia, Vol. 197, No. 2, 2012, p. 110. https://www.mja.com.au/journal/2012/197/2/current-contraceptive-management-australian-general-practice-analysis-beach-data?0=ip_login_no_cache%3D81480516041c71bb078031b48a511e93 (accessed 10 April 2013).

[30]      The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists, Submission 30. p. 1.

[31]      D. Mazza, C. Harrison, A. Taft, B. Brijnath, H. Britt, M. Hobbs, K. Stewart & S. Hussainy, 'Current Contraceptive Management in Australian General Practice: an analysis of BEACH data', Medical Journal of Australia, Vol. 197, No. 2, 2012, p. 110; https://www.mja.com.au/journal/2012/197/2/current-contraceptive-management-australian-general-practice-analysis-beach-data?0=ip_login_no_cache%3D81480516041c71bb078031b48a511e93; State of Victoria, Australia, Better Health Channel Fact Sheet Contraception Choices http://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/bhcv2/bhcpdf.nsf/ByPDF/Contraception_choices_explained/$File/Contraception_choices_explained.pdf (accessed 10 April 2013).

[32]      Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Gynaecology that Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Submission 69, p. 3.

[33]      Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Gynaecology that Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Submission 69, pp. 4–5.

[34]      Patient.co.uk, Common Postoperative Complications, http://www.patient.co.uk/doctor/common-postoperative-complications (accessed 12 April 2013); Australian and New Zealand College of Anaesthetists, Risks and complications, http://www.anzca.edu.au/patients/frequently-asked-questions/risks-and-complications.html/?searchterm=risks and complication (accessed 12 April 2013).

[35]      State of Victoria, Australia, Better Health Channel Fact Sheet Contraception – The pill http://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/bhcv2/bhcpdf.nsf/ByPDF/Contraception_oral_methods/$File/Contraception_oral_methods.pdf (accessed 10 April 2013).

[36]      The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists, Submission 30, p. 2.

[37]      The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists, Submission 30, p. 2.

[38]      The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists, Submission 30, p. 1.

[39]      The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists, Submission 30, p. 1.

[40]      Australian Association of Developmental Disability Medicine Inc, Submission 59, p. 3.

[41]      Australian Human Rights Commission, Submission 5, p. 3.

[42]      Australian Human Rights Commission, Submission 5, p. 5.

[43]      Women With Disabilities Australia, Submission 40, p. 7.

[44]      See, for example, Women With Disabilities Australia, Submission 40, p. 17.

[45]      Australian Human Rights Commission, Submission 5, p. 3; Women With Disabilities Australia, Submission 49, p. 18; Dr Wendy Bonython, Submission 22, p. 18; Catholic Women's League Australia Inc., Submission 32, p. 2; People With Disability Australia, Submission 50, p. 5; Family Planning, Victoria, Submission 58, p. 4; Associate Professor Lee Ann Basser, Submission 61, pp. 3–5; Queensland Advocacy Incorporated, Submission 65, p. 4.

[46]      See, for example, Australian Human Rights Commission, Submission 5, p. 6; Women With Disabilities Australia, Submission 40, p. 18.

[47]      Ms Lesley Naik, Submission 7, p. 6.

[48]      Ms Linda Steele, Submission 44, p. 30.

[49]      Mason C.J., Dawson, Toohey and Gaudron JJ, Secretary, Department of Health and Community Services (NT) v JWB and SMB (1992) ALJR 300 (Re Marion), at 48.

[50]      Mason C.J., Dawson, Toohey and Gaudron JJ, Secretary, Department of Health and Community Services (NT) v JWB and SMB (1992) ALJR 300 (Re Marion), at 48.

[51]      See, for example, ABC Commercial, Interview with Chief Justice Alistair Nicholson, 12 May 2003, http://www.abc.net.au/4corners/content/2003/20030616_sterilisation/int_nicholson.htm (accessed 12 April 2013).

[52]      Law Institute Victoria, Submission 79, p. 15.

[53]      Ms Lesley Naik, Submission 7, p. 4.

[54]      Family Law Council, Sterilisation and other medical procedures of children, November 1994, paragraph 4.15, citing Re Eve (1986) 31 DLR (4^th) 1.

[55]      Family Law Council, Sterilisation and other medical procedures of children, November 1994, paragraph 4.18.

[56]      Dr Wendy Bonython, Submission 22, p. 17.

[57]      Ms Lesley Naik, Submission 7, p. 3.

[58]      Office of the Public Advocate, Submission 14, p. 6.

[59]      Law Institute of Victoria, Submission 79, p. 22.

[60]      Law Institute of Victoria, Submission 79, p. 22.

[61]      Dr Wendy Bonython, Submission 22, p. 4.

Chapter 2 - Sexual and reproductive health and people with disabilities

[1]        Family Planning Victoria, Submission 58, p. 6.

[2]        Dr and Mrs John and Merren Carter, Submission 20, p. 1.

[3]        Office of the Public Advocate, Submission 14, p. 26.

[4]        Family Planning Victoria, Submission 58, p. 6.

[5]        Donna, Proof Committee Hansard, 30 January 2013, p. 5.

[6]        Jeni Griffin, Glenys Carlson, Miriam Taylor and Jill Wilson, 'An introduction to menstrual management for women who have an intellectual disability and high support needs', International Journal of Disability, Development and Education, Vol. 41, No. 2, 1994, pp. 103–116.

[7]        Cited in, Jan Dyke, Sterilisation of people with disability, Background paper for Queensland Advocacy, November 2004, p. 29.

[8]        Fran, Proof Committee Hansard, 30 January 2013, p. 3.

[9]        See, eg, Fran, Donna, Proof Committee Hansard, 30 January 2013, p. 16.

[10]      Ms Knight, Committee Hansard, 27 March 2013, p. 50.

[11]      Proof Committee Hansard, 30 January 2013, p. 4.

[12]      Proof Committee Hansard, 30 January 2013, p. 6.

[13]      Ms Knight, Committee Hansard, 27 March 2013, p. 46.

[14]      For example Stella Young, Submission 68; Advocacy for Inclusion, Submission 35; Ms Frohmader, Committee Hansard, 11 December 2012, p. 15; WWDA, Submission 49.

[15]      Advocacy for Inclusion, Submission 35, p. 8.

[16]      Mr Hardy, Committee Hansard, 27 March 2013, p. 16.

[17]      Stella Young, Submission 68, p. 2.

[18]      Woman A, Proof Committee Hansard, 30 January 2013, p. 10.

[19]      Woman A, Proof Committee Hansard, 30 January 2013, p. 10.

[20]      Katherine, Proof Committee Hansard, 19 February 2013, p. 2.

[21]      Katherine, Proof Committee Hansard, 19 February 2013, p. 2.

[22]      Proof Committee Hansard, 1 February 2013, p. 3.

[23]      Proof Committee Hansard, 1 February 2013, pp. 6–7.

[24]      Proof Committee Hansard, 1 February 2013, p. 12.

[25]      Proof Committee Hansard, 1 February 2013, p. 3.

[26]      Proof Committee Hansard, 1 February 2013, pp. 15–16.

[27]      Confidential evidence, 1 February 2013.

[28]      Proof Committee Hansard, 30 January 2013, p. 4.

[29]      For example Centre for Disability Research and Policy, Submission 21; Australian Institute on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, Submission 84; Advocacy for Inclusion, Submission 35; Mr Simpson, Committee Hansard, 11 December 2012, p. 15.

[30]      Australian Institute on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, Submission 84, p. 10.

[31]      Dr Spencer, Committee Hansard, 27 March 2013, p. 23.

[32]      Submission 11, p. 2.

[33]      Submission 29, p. 1.

[34]      Centre for Disability Research and Policy, Submission 21; Advocacy for Inclusion, Submission 35; Australian Institute on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, Submission 84; Dr Spencer, Committee Hansard, 27 March 2013, p. 18.

[35]      Centre for Disability Research and Policy, Submission 21, p. 4.

[36]      Advocacy for Inclusion, Submission 35, p. 11.

[37]      Dr Spencer, Committee Hansard, 27 March 2013, p. 22.

[38]      Advocacy for Inclusion, Submission 35, p. 11.

[39]      Ms Ryan, Committee Hansard, 27 March 2013, p. 22; Ms Pearce, Committee Hansard, 11 December 2012, p, 16.

[40]      Ms Ryan, Committee Hansard, 27 March 2013, p. 22.

[41]      Proof Committee Hansard, 30 January 2013, p. 13.

[42]      Proof Committee Hansard, 19 February 2013, pp. 13–14.

[43]      Centre for Disability Research and Policy, Submission 21, p. 3.

[44]      Centre for Disability Research and Policy, Submission 21, p. 3.

[45]      Submission 12, p. 2.

[46]      Centre for Disability Research and Policy, Submission 21, p. 3.

[47]      WWDA, Submission 49, p. 20.

[48]      WWDA, Submission 49, p. 20.

[49]      Professor Llewellyn, Committee Hansard, 27 March 2013, p. 40.

[50]      For example: Qld Centre for Intellectual and Developmental Disability, Queenslanders with Disabilities Network, and Qld Advocacy Inc. Submission 37.

[51]      Mrs Krohn, Committee Hansard, 27 March 2013, p. 41.

[52]      Name withheld, Submission 13.

[53]      Professor T, Re H [2004] FamCA 496, at para. 49.

[54]      Mr Martin, Committee Hansard, 27 March 2013, pp. 30–31.

[55]      Name withheld, Submission 4.

[56]      Name withheld, Submission 10, p. 3.

[57]      Professor John Carter, Committee Hansard, 27 March 2013, p. 55.

[58]      Name withheld, Submission 2.

[59]      Submission 11, p. 2.

[60]      Submission 29, p. 1.

[61]      Mrs Louise Robbins, Committee Hansard, 27 March 2013, p. 47.

[62]      Name withheld, Submission 55, p. 2.

[63]      Name withheld, Submission 4.

[64]      See, for example, Women's Health West, Submission 38, p. 6; Miriam Taylor Gomez, Glenys M. Carlson and Kate van Dooren, 'Practical approaches to supporting young women with intellectual disabilities and high support needs with their menstruation', Health Care for Women International, Vol. 33, 2012, pp. 678–694.

[65]      Family Planning Victoria, Submission 58, p. 7.

[66]      Johnson et al., 2001 as cited in Sexual Health and Family Planning Australia, Submission 52, p. 2.

[67]      Ms Hamilton, Committee Hansard, 27 March 2013, p. 12.

[68]      Ms Chivers, Committee Hansard, 27 March 2013, p. 12; Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Gynaecology at Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Submission 69, p 7; Family Planning NSW, Submission 25, p. 5.

[69]      Adult Guardian of Queensland and The Public Advocate of Queensland, Submission 19, p. 9.

[70]      Australian Human Rights Commission, Submission 5, p. 11.

[71]      People With Disability Australia, Submission 50, p. 7.                         

[72]      Family Planning Victoria, Submission 58, p. 7.

[73]      People With Disability Australia, Submission 50, p. 32.

[74]      National Council on Intellectual Disability, Submission 77, p. 12.

[75]      Mr Hardy, Committee Hansard, 27 March 2013, p. 11.

[76]      Ms Hamilton, Committee Hansard, 27 March 2013, p. 12.

[77]      Mr Hardy, Committee Hansard, 27 March 2013, p. 11.

[78]      Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Gynaecology at Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Submission 69, p. 4.

[79]      Office of the Public Advocate, Submission 14, p. 27.

[80]      Ms Hamilton, Committee Hansard, 27 March 2013, p. 11.

[81]      Ms Hamilton, Committee Hansard, 27 March 2013, p. 11.

[82]      Katherine, Proof Committee Hansard, 19 February 2013, p. 2.

[83]      Proof Committee Hansard, 30 January 2013, p. 17.

[84]      Susan Hayes, Submission 47, p. 6.

[85]      Advocacy for Inclusion, Submission 35, p. 8.

[86]      Susan Hayes, Submission 47, p. 7.

[87]      Susan Hayes, Submission 47, pp. 6–7.

[88]      Mr Martin, Committee Hansard, 27 March 2013, p. 33.

[89]      Ms Chivers, Committee Hansard, 27 March 2013, p. 16.

[90]      Ms Chivers, Committee Hansard, 27 March 2013, p. 15.

[91]      Office of the Public Advocate, Submission 14, p. 27.

[92]      Dr Bateson, Committee Hansard, 27 March 2013, p. 12.

[93]      Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Gynaecology at Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Submission 69, p. 4.

[94]      Ms Knight, Committee Hansard, 27 March 2013, p. 50.

[95]      Australian Association of Developmental Disability Medicine Inc., Submission 59, p. 3.

[96]      Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Gynaecology at Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Submission 69, p 4.

[97]      Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Gynaecology at Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Submission 69, p. 4.

[98]      Family Planning Victoria, Submission 58, p. 7; Qld Centre for Intellectual and Developmental Disability, Queenslanders with Disabilities Network, and Qld Advocacy Inc. Submission 37, p. 6.

[99]      Ms Hamilton, Committee Hansard, 27 March 2013, p. 16.

[100]    Office of the Public Advocate, Submission 14, p. 27.

[101]    Dr Grover, Committee Hansard, 11 December 2012, p. 4.

[102]    Office of the Public Advocate, Submission 14, p. 14.

[103]    Susan Hayes, Submission 47, p. 7; Qld Centre for Intellectual and Developmental Disability, Queenslanders with Disabilities Network, and Qld Advocacy Inc. Submission 37, p. 6.

[104]    Susan Hayes, Submission 47, p. 7; Qld Centre for Intellectual and Developmental Disability, Queenslanders with Disabilities Network, and Qld Advocacy Inc. Submission 37, p. 6.

[105]    Family Planning Victoria, Submission 58, p. 7.

[106]    Family Planning Victoria, Submission 58, p. 7.

[107]    Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Gynaecology at Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Submission 69, p. 4.

[108]    Advocacy for Inclusion, Submission 35, p. 7.

[109]    Ms Hamilton, Committee Hansard, 27 March 2013, p. 11.

[110]    Name withheld, Submission 26, p. 2.

[111]    Office of the Public Advocate, Submission 14, p. 11.

[112]    Advocacy for Inclusion, Submission 35, p. 12.

[113]    Sexual Health and Family Planning Australia, Submission 52, p. 4.

[114]    Women's Health West, Submission 38, p. 7.

[115]    Office of the Public Advocate, Submission 14; Catholic Social Services Victoria, Submission 39.

[116]    Associate Professor Meekosha, Committee Hansard, 27 March 2013, p. 2.

[117]    Mr Innes, Hearing, 27 March 2013, p. 38.

[118]    Susan Hayes, Submission 47, p. 7.

[119]    See Brady, Briton and Grover (2001) p. 41, as referred to in Submission 18, p. 5.

[120]    Professor Grover, Committee Hansard, 11 December 2013, p. 17.

[121]    Women's Health West, Submission 38, p. 6.

[122]    Australian Human Rights Commission, Submission 5, p. 11.

[123]    Office of the Public Advocate, Submission 14, p. 25.

[124]    Australian Human Rights Commission, Submission 5, p. 11.

[125]    Sexual Health and Family Planning Australia, Submission 52, p. 4.

[126]    Australian Human Rights Commission, Submission 5, p. 11.

[127]    Catholic Social Services Victoria, Submission 39, p. 2.

[128]    Family Planning NSW, Submission 25, p. 5.

[129]    Catholic Social Services Victoria, Submission 39, p. 2.

[130]    See, for example, Mr Innes, Committee Hansard, 27 March 2013, p. 37.

[131]    Family Planning NSW, Submission 25, p. 5; Centre for Disability Research and Policy, Submission 21, p. 9.

[132]    National Council on Intellectual Disability, Submission 77, p. 9.

[133]    Advocacy for Inclusion, Submission 35, p. 7.

[134]    Office of the Public Advocate, Submission 14, p. 25.

[135]    Office of the Public Advocate, Submission 14, p. 25.

[136]    Family Planning NSW, Submission 25; Centre for Disability Research and Policy, Submission 21; Ms Knight, Committee Hansard, 27 March 2013, p. 46.

[137]    Centre for Disability Research and Policy, Submission 21, p. 9.

[138]    Sexual Health and Family Planning Australia, Submission 52; Office of the Public Advocate, Submission 14; Ms Chivers, Committee Hansard, 27 March 2013, p. 11; Advocacy for Inclusion, Submission 35.

[139]    Sexual Health and Family Planning Australia, Submission 52, p. 6.

[140]    Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Gynaecology at Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Submission 69, p. 7.

[141]    Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Gynaecology at Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Submission 69, p. 7.

[142]    Sexual Health and Family Planning Australia, Submission 52, p. 4.

[143]    Sexual Health and Family Planning Australia, Submission 52, p. 4.

[144]    See for example Office of the Public Advocate (Victoria), Submission 14, p. 28; National Council on Intellectual Disability, Submission 77, p. 9.

[145]    Ms Ryan, Committee Hansard, 27 March 2013, p. 24.

[146]    Australian Medical Association, Submission 53, p. 1. See also, Women's Health West, Submission 38; Australian Catholic Bishops Conference, Submission 56; Australian Human Rights Commission, Submission 5.

[147]    Australian Catholic Bishops Conference, Submission 56, p. 4.

[148]    Women's Health West, Submission 38, p. 7.

[149]    Family Planning NSW, Submission 25, p. 5.

[150]    Australian Catholic Bishops Conference, Submission 56, p. 5.

[151]    Australian Catholic Bishops Conference, Submission 56, p. 5.

[152]    Australian Catholic Bishops Conference, Submission 56, p. 5.

[153]    Mr Hardy, Committee Hansard, 27 March 2013, p. 13.

[154]    Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Gynaecology at Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Submission 69, p. 4.

[155]    Family Planning NSW, Submission 25, p. 5.

[156]    Family Planning NSW, Submission 25; Office of the Public Advocate, Submission 14; Family Planning Victoria, Submission 58; Dr Chesterman, Committee Hansard, 11 December 2012, p. 14.

[157]    Family Planning NSW, Submission 25, p. 4.

[158]    Susan Hayes, Submission 47, p. 7; Ms Pearce, Committee Hansard, 11 December 2012, p. 13; IDRS, Submission 67, p. 27; FPNSW, Submission 25, p. 6.

[159]    Family Planning Victoria, Submission 58, p. 7

[160]    Family Planning Victoria, Submission 58, p. 7; Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Gynaecology at Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Submission 69, p 7.

[161]    Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Gynaecology at Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Submission 69, p. 7.

[162]    Australian Institute on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, Submission 84, p. 8.

[163]    Ms Pearce, Committee Hansard, 11 December 2012, p 15.

[164]    Name withheld, Submission 55, p. 2.

Chapter 3 - Legal frameworks relevant to the sterilisation of people with disabilities in Australia

[1]        Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Special Procedures of the Human Rights Committee, AL Health (2002–7) G/SO 214 (89–15), 18 July 2011, p. 2, as cited in Women With Disabilities Australia, Submission 49, Attachment 1, p. 86.

[2]        See, for example, Advocacy for Social Inclusion, Submission 35, p. 5; Australian Association of Developmental Disability Medicine Inc., Submission 59, p. 1; Australian Lawyers for Human Rights, Submission 41, p. 5; Adult Guardian of Queensland and the Public Advocate of Queensland, Submission 19, p. 2.

[3]        Law Institute of Victoria, Submission 79, p. 6; Women With Disabilities Australia, Submission 49, pp. 58–59, 68.

[4]        Commonwealth v Tasmania (the Tasmanian Dam Case) (1983) 158 CLR 1, 219 – 220 (per Brennan J).

[5]        Australian Lawyers for Human Rights, Submission 41, p. 5.

[6]        Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, Article 1, United Nations, Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, http://www.un.org/disabilities/convention/conventionfull.shtml (accessed 3 May 2013).

[7]        Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, clause h, clause s, United Nations, Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, http://www.un.org/disabilities/convention/conventionfull.shtml (accessed 3 May 2013).

[8]        Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, Article 25(d), United Nations, Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, http://www.un.org/disabilities/convention/conventionfull.shtml (accessed 3 May 2013).

[9]        Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, Articles 4, 5, 6, 7, 16, United Nations, Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, http://www.un.org/disabilities/convention/conventionfull.shtml (accessed 3 May 2013). See, for example, Associate Professor Lee Ann Basser, Submission 61, pp. 2–3; Australian Human Rights Commission, Submission 5, p. 7.

[10]      Women With Disabilities Australia, Submission 49, p. 56.

[11]      United Nations, United Nations Treaty Collection, http://treaties.un.org/pages/ViewDetails.aspx?src=TREATY&mtdsg_no=IV-15&chapter=4&lang=en#EndDec (accessed 3 May 2013).

[12]      Declaration on the Rights of Mentally Retarded Persons, University of Minnesota, Human Rights Library, Declaration on the Rights of Mentally Retarded Persons, http://www1.umn.edu/humanrts/instree/t1drmrp.htm (accessed 7 May 2013); United Nations enable, Developmental and psychiatric disabilities, http://www.un.org/esa/socdev/enable/disdevelopmental.htm (accessed 7 May 2013).

[13]      Convention on the Rights of the Child, Articles 2 and 3, available at Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights, http://www.ohchr.org/en/professionalinterest/pages/crc.aspx (accessed 3 May 2013).

[14]      Convention on the Rights of the Child, Article 37, available at Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights, http://www.ohchr.org/en/professionalinterest/pages/crc.aspx (accessed 3 May 2013).

[15]      Convention on the Rights of the Child, Article 19, available at Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights, http://www.ohchr.org/en/professionalinterest/pages/crc.aspx (accessed 3 May 2013).

[16]      Convention on the Rights of the Child, Article 5, available at Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights, http://www.ohchr.org/en/professionalinterest/pages/crc.aspx (accessed 3 May 2013).

[17]      Convention on the Rights of the Child, Article 3(2), available at Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights, http://www.ohchr.org/en/professionalinterest/pages/crc.aspx (accessed 3 May 2013).

[18]      Article 37 requires any child in prison to be separated from adults unless it is considered to be in the child's best interest to do otherwise. In signing the treaty, Australia advised that it only accepted the obligation to detain children in facilities separate from adults to the extent that responsible authorities consider this to be feasible and consistent with the child's right to maintain contact with their families, having regard to the geography and demography of Australia.

[19]      Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women, Articles 12 and 16, United Nations, Division for the Advancement of Women, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, http://www.un.org/womenwatch/daw/cedaw/text/econvention.htm (accessed 8 April 2013).

[20]      Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women, Article 24, United Nations, Division for the Advancement of Women, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, http://www.un.org/womenwatch/daw/cedaw/text/econvention.htm (accessed 8 April 2013).

[21]      At the time of signing CEDAW, Australia made two reservations. First: 'The Government of Australia states that maternity leave with pay is provided in respect of most women employed by the Commonwealth Government and the Governments of New South Wales and Victoria. Unpaid maternity leave is provided in respect of all other women employed in the State of New South Wales and elsewhere to women employed under Federal and some State industrial awards. Social Security benefits subject to income tests are available to women who are sole parents.' Second: 'The Government of Australia advises that it is not at present in a position to take the measures required by article 11 (2) to introduce maternity leave with pay or with comparable social benefits throughout Australia.'

[22]      Women With Disabilities Australia, Submission 49, p. 58.

[23]      Australian Government, Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment - Human rights at your fingertips - Human rights at your fingertips, http://www.humanrights.gov.au/convention-against-torture-and-other-cruel-inhuman-or-degrading-treatment-or-punishment-human-rights (accessed 7 May 2013).

[24]      Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment, Article 1; Australian Government, Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment - Human rights at your fingertips - Human rights at your fingertips, http://www.humanrights.gov.au/convention-against-torture-and-other-cruel-inhuman-or-degrading-treatment-or-punishment-human-rights (accessed 7 May 2013).

[25]      International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, Articles 7, 17, 23, and 24; available at Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights, http://www.ohchr.org/EN/ProfessionalInterest/Pages/CCPR.aspx (accessed 3 May 2013).

[26]      International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, available at Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights, http://www.ohchr.org/EN/ProfessionalInterest/Pages/CESCR.aspx (accessed 3 May 2013).

[27]      United Nations, Human Rights Committee, Human Rights Committee – Working Methods, http://www2.ohchr.org/english/bodies/hrc/workingmethods.htm#a9 (accessed 8 April 2013).

[28]      See, for example, Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, Consideration of reports submitted by States parties under article 35 of the Convention, Concluding observations of the Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities–Spain, 19 October 2011, p. 6.

[29]      Committee on the Rights of the Child, General comment No. 13 (2011), p. 10,  http://www2.ohchr.org/english/bodies/crc/docs/CRC.C.GC.13_en.pdf (accessed 7 May 2013).

[30]      Committee on the Rights of the Child, General comment No. 13 (2011), p. 23, http://www2.ohchr.org/english/bodies/crc/docs/CRC.C.GC.13_en.pdf (accessed 7 May 2013).

[31]      United Nations, Committee on the Rights of the Child, General Comment No. 9 (2006): The rights of children with disabilities, CRC/C/GC/9, 27 February 2007, Article 60.

[32]      Women With Disabilities Australia, Submission 49, p. 60.

[33]      Women With Disabilities Australia, Submission 49, p. 60.

[34]      Committee on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women, General recommendation No. 19, paragraph 22, http://www.un.org/womenwatch/daw/cedaw/recommendations/index.html (accessed 7 May 2013).

[35]      Committee on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women, General recommendation No. 21, paragraph 22, http://www.un.org/womenwatch/daw/cedaw/recommendations/index.html (accessed 7 May 2013).

[36]      Women With Disabilities Australia, Submission 49, pp. 59–60.

[37]      Committee Against Torture, Consideration of reports submitted by States parties under article 19 of the Convention, Concluding observations of the Committee against Torture–Slovakia, 17 December 2009, p. 4, http://www2.ohchr.org/english/bodies/cat/sessions.htm (accessed 7 May 2013); Committee Against Torture, Consideration of reports submitted by States parties under article 19 of the Convention, Concluding observations of the Committee against Torture–Czech Republic, 13 July 2012, pp. 4–5, http://www2.ohchr.org/english/bodies/cat/sessions.htm (accessed 7 May 2013).

[38]      Committee Against Torture, Consideration of reports submitted by States Parties under article 19 of the Convention, Concluding observations of the Committee against Torture–Peru, 21 January 2013, pp. 5–6, http://www2.ohchr.org/english/bodies/cat/sessions.htm (accessed 7 May 2013).

[39]      Committee Against Torture, Consideration Of Reports Submitted By States Parties Under Article 19 of the Convention: Concluding observations of the Committee against Torture– Australia, 22 May 2008  http://daccess-dds-ny.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/G08/421/66/PDF/G0842166.pdf?OpenElement (accessed 7 May 2013).

[40]      Women With Disabilities Australia, Submission 49, p. 8.

[41]      Australian Lawyers for Human Rights, Submission 41, p. 5.

[42]      See, for example, Mr Graeme Innes, Disability Discrimination Commissioner, Australian Human Rights Commission, Committee Hansard, 27 March 2013, p. 34.

[43]      Juan E. Mendez, Report of the Special Rapporteur on torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment, A/HRC/22/53, 1 February 2013, p. 1.

[44]      Juan E. Mendez, Report of the Special Rapporteur on torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment, A/HRC/22/53, 1 February 2013, p. 2.

[45]      Juan E. Mendez, Report of the Special Rapporteur on torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment, A/HRC/22/53, 1 February 2013, p. 4.

[46]      Juan E. Mendez, Report of the Special Rapporteur on torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment, A/HRC/22/53, 1 February 2013, p. 5.

[47]      Juan E. Mendez, Report of the Special Rapporteur on torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment, A/HRC/22/53, 1 February 2013, p. 7.

[48]      Juan E. Mendez, Report of the Special Rapporteur on torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment, A/HRC/22/53, 1 February 2013, p. 8.

[49]      Juan E. Mendez, Report of the Special Rapporteur on torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment, A/HRC/22/53, 1 February 2013, p. 11.

[50]      Juan E. Mendez, Report of the Special Rapporteur on torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment, A/HRC/22/53, 1 February 2013, p. 15.

[51]      Australian Human Rights Commission, Submission 5, p. 6.

[52]      Women With Disabilities Australia, Submission 49, p. 63.

[53]      Human Rights Committee, General Comment No. 28, paragraph 11, http://www.unhchr.ch/tbs/doc.nsf/0/13b02776122d4838802568b900360e80 (accessed 7 May 2013).

[54]      Human Rights Committee, General Comment No. 28, paragraph 20, http://www.unhchr.ch/tbs/doc.nsf/0/13b02776122d4838802568b900360e80 (accessed 7 May 2013).

[55]      Human Rights Committee, Consideration of reports submitted by States Parties under article 40 of the Covenant, Concluding observations adopted by the Human Rights Committee at its 150 session, 9–27 July 2012–Lithuania, p. 4, http://www2.ohchr.org/english/bodies/hrc/hrcs105.htm (accessed 7 May 2013).

[56]      United Nations, Committee on Economic Social and Cultural Rights, General Comment No. 14 (2000), http://www.unhchr.ch/tbs/doc.nsf/(symbol)/E.C.12.2000.4.En (accessed 8 April 2013).

[57]      United Nations, Committee on Economic Social and Cultural Rights, General Comment No. 5, http://www.unhchr.ch/tbs/doc.nsf/(Symbol)/4b0c449a9ab4ff72c12563ed0054f17d?Opendocument (accessed 8 April 2013).

[58]      Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, Thematic study on the issue of violence against women and girls and disability: Report of the Office of the United National High Commissioner for Human Rights, A/HRC/20/5, 30 March 2012, pp.10–11.

[59]      Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, Thematic study on the issue of violence against women and girls and disability: Report of the Office of the United National High Commissioner for Human Rights, A/HRC/20/5, 30 March 2012, p. 11.

[60]      Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, Thematic study on the issue of violence against women and girls and disability: Report of the Office of the United National High Commissioner for Human Rights, A/HRC/20/5, 30 March 2012, p. 10.

[61]      UN Treaty Collection, International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, http://treaties.un.org/pages/ViewDetails.aspx?src=TREATY&mtdsg_no=IV-4&chapter=4&lang=en#EndDec (accessed for July 2013).

[62]      The meaning of therapeutic and non-therapeutic sterilisation is considered in the previous chapter.

[63]      Mason C.J., Dawson, Toohey and Gaudron JJ, Secretary, Department of Health and Community Services (NT) v JWB and SMB (1992) 66 ALJR 300 (Re Marion), at 49.

[64]      Mason C.J., Dawson, Toohey and Gaudron JJ, Secretary, Department of Health and Community Services (NT) v JWB and SMB (1992) 66 ALJR 300 (Re Marion), at 51.

[65]      Mason C.J., Dawson, Toohey and Gaudron JJ, Secretary, Department of Health and Community Services (NT) v JWB and SMB (1992) 66 ALJR 300 (Re Marion), at 73; Family Law Act 1975, ss. 67ZC(2).

[66]      Mason C.J., Dawson, Toohey and Gaudron JJ, Secretary, Department of Health and Community Services (NT) v JWB and SMB (1992) 66 ALJR 300 (Re Marion), at 74.

[67]      Mason C.J., Dawson, Toohey and Gaudron JJ, Secretary, Department of Health and Community Services (NT) v JWB and SMB (1992) 66 ALJR 300 (Re Marion), at 76.

[68]      Mason C.J., Dawson, Toohey and Gaudron JJ, Secretary, Department of Health and Community Services (NT) v JWB and SMB (1992) 66 ALJR 300 (Re Marion), at 73.

[69]      Family Law Rules 2004, r. 4.09.

[70]      Family Law Act 1975, s. 68L.

[71]      Family Law Act 1975, s. 68LA.

[72]      Family Law Council, Sterilisation and other medical procedures of children, November 1994, paragraph 3.30; P v P (1994) 120 ALR 545.

[73]      Australian Guardianship and Administration Council, Submission 28, p. 1.

[74]      Australian Guardianship and Administration Council, Submission 28, Attachment 1, Protocol for Special Medical Procedures (Sterilisation), cl. 3.2.

[75]      Australian Guardianship and Administration Council, Submission 28, Attachment 1, Protocol for Special Medical Procedures (Sterilisation), cl. 3.2.

[76]      Australian Guardianship and Administration Council, Submission 28, p. 5.

[77]      Guardianship and Management of Property Act 1991, s. 69.

[78]      Guardianship and Management of Property Act 1991, s. 7.

[79]      Guardianship and Management of Property Act 1991, s. 5.

[80]      Guardianship and Management of Property Act 1991, Dictionary.

[81]      Guardianship and Management of Property Act 1991, ss. 70(3).

[82]      Guardianship and Management of Property Act 1991, ss. 70(2).

[83]      Guardianship and Management of Property Act 1991, s. 69.

[84]      Children and Young Persons (Care and Protection) Act 1998, ss. 175(5).

[85]      Children and Young Persons (Care and Protection) Act 1998, ss. 175(3).

[86]      Children and Young Persons (Care and Protection) Act 1998, ss. 175(4).

[87]      New South Wales Government, Submission 66, p. 3.

[88]      Children and Young Persons (Care and Protection) Act 1998, ss. 175(1).

[89]      Children and Young Persons (Care and Protection) Act 1998, ss. 175(5); New South Wales Government, Submission 66, p. 3.

[90]      Guardianship Act 1987, s. 34.

[91]      Guardianship Act 1987, s. 33.

[92]      Guardianship Act 1987, s. 33.

[93]      Guardianship Act 1987, s. 45.

[94]      Guardianship Act 1987, s. 35.

[95]      Northern Territory Government, Submission 34, p. 3.

[96]      Northern Territory Government, Submission 34, p. 2.

[97]      Mental Health and Related Services Act, s. 60.

[98]      Adult Guardianship Act, s. 21.

[99]      Adult Guardianship Act, s. 3.

[100]    Northern Territory Government, Submission 34, p. 1.

[101]    Adult Guardianship Act, s. 21.

[102]    Adult Guardianship Act, s. 21.

[103]    Adult Guardianship Act, s. 21.

[104]    Adult Guardianship Act, ss. 21(2) Note.

[105]    Adults Guardian of Queensland and the Public Advocate of Queensland, Submission 19, p. 3.

[106]    Guardianship and Administration Act 2000, s. 80B (Example).

[107]    Guardianship and Administration Act 2000, s. 80C.

[108]    Guardianship and Administration Act 2000, ss. 80D(1).

[109]    Guardianship and Administration Act 2000, ss. 80D(1).

[110]    Guardianship and Administration Act 2000, ss. 80D(2).

[111]    Guardianship and Administration Act 2000, ss. 80D(4).

[112]    Guardianship and Administration Act 2000, s. 70.

[113]    Guardianship and Administration Act 2000, Schedule 4.

[114]    Guardianship and Administration Act 2000, s. 9.

[115]    Guardianship and Administration Act 2000, ss. 70(1).

[116]    Guardianship and Administration Act 2000, ss. 70(2).

[117]    Guardianship and Administration Act 2000, ss. 70(3).

[118]    Guardianship and Administration Act 2000, s. 103.

[119]    Guardianship and Administration Act 2000, s. 123.

[120]    Office of the Public Advocate, Prescribed medical treatment, http://www.opa.sa.gov.au/documents/10_Fact_Sheets/10-Prescribed_Medical_Treatment_GAA.pdf (accessed 15 July 2013).

[121]    Guardianship and Administration Act 1993, s. 61.

[122]    Guardianship and Administration Act 1993, s. 29.

[123]    Guardianship and Administration Act 1993, s. 3.

[124]    Guardianship and Administration Act 1993, s. 3.

[125]    Guardianship and Administration Act 1993, s. 61.

[126]    Guardianship and Administration Act 1993, s. 61.

[127]    Guardianship and Administration Act 1993, s. 61.

[128]    Guardianship and Administration Act 1995, s. 36.

[129]    Tasmanian Government, Submission 57, p. 2.

[130]    Guardianship and Administration Act 1995, s. 3.

[131]    Guardianship and Administration Act 1995, s. 45.

[132]    Guardianship and Administration Act 1995, ss. 45(2).

[133]    Tasmanian Government, Submission 57, p. 3.

[134]    Guardianship and Administration Act 1995, s. 38.

[135]    Guardianship and Administration Act 1995, s. 40.

[136]    Guardianship and Administration Act 1995, s. 42.

[137]    Tasmanian Government, Submission 57, p. 2.

[138]    P v P (1994) 120 ALR 545.

[139]    Guardianship and Administration Act 1986, s. 36, s. 39.

[140]    Guardianship and Administration Act 1986, s. 36.

[141]    Guardianship and Administration Act 1986, s. 3.

[142]    Guardianship and Administration Act 1986, s. 42E.

[143]    Guardianship and Administration Act 1986, s. 42G.

[144]    Guardianship and Administration Act 1986, s. 42A.

[145]    Guardianship and Administration Act 1986, s. 42.

[146]    Guardianship and Administration Act 1990, s. 13, s. 56A.

[147]    Guardianship and Administration Act 1990, s. 43.

[148]    Guardianship and Administration Act 1990, s. 57.

[149]    Guardianship and Administration Act 1990, s. 45, s. 58.

[150]    Guardianship and Administration Act 1990, s. 56.

[151]    Correspondence received from the State Administrative Tribunal Western Australia, 2 May 2013, p. 1.

[152]    Correspondence received from the State Administrative Tribunal Western Australia, 2 May 2013, p. 1.

[153]    Correspondence received from the State Administrative Tribunal Western Australia, 2 May 2013, p. 1.

[154]    Guardianship and Administration Act 1990, s. 63.

[155]    Guardianship and Administration Act 1990, s. 60.

Chapter 4 - Should sterilisation of people with disability be banned?

[1]        See, for example, STAR, Submission 42, p. 1.

[2]        People with Disability Australia, Submission 50, p. 5.

[3]        Women's Legal Service NSW, Submission 70, p. 4.

[4]        Women With Disabilities Australia, Submission 49, p. 8.

[5]        Australian Lawyers for Human Rights, Submission 41, p. 7; Women's Legal Service NSW, Submission 70, p. 5; People with Disabilities Australia, Submission 50, p. 26.

[6]        Women's Legal Service NSW, Submission 70, p. 5.

[7]        Committee on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women, Concluding observations of the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women – Australia, 30 July 2012, CEDAW/C/AUS/CO/7, p. 7.

[8]        People with Disability Australia, Submission 50, p. 26.

[9]        Australian Lawyers for Human Rights, Submission 41, p. 7; People with Disabilities Australia, Submission 50, p. 13; Women's Legal Service NSW, Submission 70, p. 5.

[10]      The Universal Periodic Review is conducted by the UPR Working Group which consists of the 47 members of the Council. In addition, any UN Member State can take part in the discussion/dialogue with the reviewed States. See, Basic facts about the UPR, http://www.ohchr.org/EN/HRBodies/UPR/Pages/BasicFacts.aspx (accessed 8 July 2013).

[11]      Human Rights Council, Report of the Working Group on the Universal Periodic Review – Australia, 24 March 2011, paragraph 86.39, http://daccess-dds-ny.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/G11/122/90/PDF/G1112290.pdf?OpenElement (accessed 8 July 2013).

[12]      Advice by Emeritus Professor Ivan Shearer, 24 May 2013, p. 4.

[13]      Australian Government, Report of the Working Group on the Universal Periodic Review – Australia, Addendum, p. 4; http://lib.ohchr.org/HRBodies/UPR/Documents/Session10/AU/A_HRC_17_10_Add.1_Australia_E.pdf (accessed 8 July 2013).

[14]      Australian Lawyers for Human Rights, Submission 41, p. 7.

[15]      Australian Lawyers for Human Rights, Submission 41, p. 7.

[16]      Committee on the Rights of the Child, Consideration of reports submitted by States parties under article 44 of the Convention – Concluding observations: Australia, 15 June 2012, p. 10; http://www2.ohchr.org/english/bodies/crc/docs/co/CRC_C_AUS_CO_4.pdf (accessed 8 July 2013).

[17]      Committee on the Rights of the Child, Consideration of reports submitted by States parties under article 44 of the Convention – Concluding observations: Australia, 15 June 2012, p. 10; http://www2.ohchr.org/english/bodies/crc/docs/co/CRC_C_AUS_CO_4.pdf (accessed 8 July 2013).

[18]      Committee on the Rights of the Child, Consideration of reports submitted by States parties under article 44 of the Convention – Concluding observations: Australia, 15 June 2012, p. 14; http://www2.ohchr.org/english/bodies/crc/docs/co/CRC_C_AUS_CO_4.pdf (accessed 8 July 2013).

[19]      Women with Disabilities Australia, Submission 49, p. 12.

[20]      Women with Disabilities Australia, Submission 49, p. 25.

[21]      Australian Human Rights Commission, Submission 5, p. 6.

[22]      Mr Graeme Innes, Disability Discrimination Commissioner, Australian Human Rights Commission, Committee Hansard, 27 March 2013, p. 36.

[23]      Advice by Emeritus Professor Ivan Shearer, 24 May 2013, p. 2.

[24]      Commonwealth Attorney-General's Department, Answer to question on notice, 14 April 2013 (received 14 May 2013).

[25]      Commonwealth Attorney-General's Department, Answer to question on notice, 14 April 2013 (received 14 May 2013).

[26]      Mr Graeme Innes, Australian Human Rights Commission, Committee Hansard, 27 March 2013, p. 36.

[27]      Advice by Emeritus Professor Ivan Shearer, 24 May 2013, p. 2.

[28]      Advice by Emeritus Professor Ivan Shearer, 24 May 2013, p. 3.

[29]      Advice by Emeritus Professor Ivan Shearer, 24 May 2013, p. 2.

[30]      See, for example, Australian Lawyers for Human Rights, Submission 41, p. 7; Australian Women Against Violence Alliance, Submission 80, p. 1.

[31]      Australian Association of Developmental Disability Medicine Inc., Submission 59, p. 1.

[32]      Women with Disabilities Australia, Submission 49, p. 11.

[33]      Women with Disabilities Australia, Submission 49, p. 55.

[34]      People with Disability Australia, Submission 50, p. 23.

[35]      Mr Graeme Innes, Australian Human Rights Commission, Committee Hansard, 27 March 2013, p. 35.

[36]      Dr Wendy Bonython, private capacity, Committee Hansard, 27 March 2013, p. 62.

[37]      Committee Hansard, 11 December 2012, p. 18.

[38]      Ms Louise Robbins, private capacity, Committee Hansard, 27 March 2013, p. 52.

[39]      Catholic Women's League Australia, Submission 32, p. 3.

[40]      Family Planning Victoria, Submission 58, p. 4.

[41]      Ms Louise Robbins, private capacity, Committee Hansard, 27 March 2013, p. 55.

[42]      Adult Guardian of Queensland and the Public Advocate of Queensland, Submission 19, p. 2.

[43]      Queensland Advocacy Inc, Submission 65, p. 6.

[44]      Dr Wendy Bonython, private capacity, Committee Hansard, 27 March 2013, p. 62.

[45]      Family Planning NSW, Submission 25, p. 4.

[46]      Adult Guardian of Queensland and the Public Advocate of Queensland, Submission 19, p. 2.

[47]      Adult Guardian of Queensland and the Public Advocate of Queensland, Submission 19, pp. 2–3.

[48]      National Council on Intellectual Disability, Submission 67, p. 8.

[49]      Community Affairs Legislation Committee, National Disability Insurance Scheme Bill 2012 [Provisions], March 2013, pp. 24–25.

Chapter 5 - Australia's court and tribunal procedures

[1]        Guardianship and Management of Property Act 1991 (ACT), s. 69; Guardianship and Administration Act 1993 (SA), s. 61; Guardianship and Administration Act 1990 (WA), s. 13; s. 56A.

[2]        Guardianship Act 1987 (NSW), ss. 33–34; Adult Guardianship Act (NT), s.21; Guardianship and Administration Act 2000 (QLD), s. 70; Guardianship and Administration Act 1995 (Tas); Guardianship and Administration Act 1986 (VIC), s. 36, s. 39.

[3]        Adult Guardianship Act, s.21.

[4]        Australian Guardianship and Administration Council, Submission 28, Attachment 1, Protocol for Special Medical Procedures (Sterilisation), cl. 3.2.

[5]        Australian Guardianship and Administration Council, Submission 28, Attachment 1, Protocol for Special Medical Procedures (Sterilisation), cl. 5.11.

[6]        Australian Guardianship and Administration Council, Submission 28, Attachment 1, Protocol for Special Medical Procedures (Sterilisation), cl. 5.13.

[7]        Australian Guardianship and Administration Council, Submission 28, Attachment 1, Protocol for Special Medical Procedures (Sterilisation), cl. 5.14.

[8]        Australian Guardianship and Administration Council, Submission 28, Attachment 1, Protocol for Special Medical Procedures (Sterilisation), cl. 5.8; 5.15.

[9]        Clause 5.21 of the Protocol states 'When the tribunal is satisfied on the two crucial questions, the Tribunal may give any or all of the following directions'. The two threshold questions are 'Does the person has capacity' (cl. 5.8–5.15) and 'Is sterilisation required' (cl. 5.16–5.20).

[10]      Australian Guardianship and Administration Council, Submission 28, Attachment 1, Protocol for Special Medical Procedures (Sterilisation), cl. 5.21.

[11]      Correspondence received from the Queensland Civil and Administrative Tribunal, 3 May 2013, p. 3.

[12]      Guardianship and Management of Property Act 1991 (ACT), s.4.

[13]      Correspondence received from the Australian Capital Territory Civil and Administrative Tribunal, 12 May 2013, p. 2.

[14]      Correspondence received from the Australian Capital Territory Civil and Administrative Tribunal, 12 May 2013, p. 3.

[15]      Guardianship and Management of Property Act 1991, s. 4.

[16]      Correspondence received from the Australian Capital Territory Civil and Administrative Tribunal, 12 May 2013, pp. 4–5.

[17]      See, for example, Adults Guardian of Queensland and the Public Advocate of Queensland, Submission 19, p. 1; Professor John Carter, private capacity, Committee Hansard, 27 March 2013, p. 48; Janine Truter, Submission 18, p. 1.

[18]      Adults Guardian of Queensland and the Public Advocate of Queensland, Submission 19, p. 1.

[19]      Dr Deborah Bateson, Medical Director, Family Planning New South Wales, Committee Hansard, 27 March 2013, p. 10.

[20]      See, for example, Name Withheld, Submission 63, p. 1. This issue is further explored below.

[21]      Mr Simpson, New South Wales Council for Intellectual Disability, Committee Hansard, 11 December 2012, p. 10.

[22]      See, for example, Family Planning Victoria, Submission 58, p. 4.

[23]      United Nations, United Nations Treaty Collection, http://treaties.un.org/pages/ViewDetails.aspx?src=TREATY&mtdsg_no=IV-15&chapter=4&lang=en#EndDec (accessed 3 May 2013).

[24]      See, for example, People with Disability Australia, Submission 50, p. 18.

[25]      People with Disability Australia, Submission 50, p. 18.

[26]      People with Disability Australia, Submission 50, p. 18; citing Disability Representative, Advocacy, Legal and Human Rights Organisations, Disability Rights Now – Civil Society Report to the United Nations Committee on the Rights of persons with Disabilities, August 2012, p. 187.

[27]      Mendez, Report of the Special Rapporteur on torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment, A/HRC/22/53, p. 7.

[28]      Dr Bateson, Family Planning New South Wales, Committee Hansard, 27 March 2013, p. 10.

[29]      See, for example, Mr Graeme Innes, Disability Discrimination Commissioner, Australian Human Rights Commission, Committee Hansard, 27 March 2013, p. 10; People with Disability Australia, Submission 50, p. 6.

[30]      Ms Linda Steele, Submission 44, p. 8.

[31]      Ms Linda Steele, Submission 44, p. 6.

[32]      People with Disabilities Australia, Submission 50, p. 14.

[33]      Family Planning Victoria, Submission 58, p. 4.

[34]      Ms Janene Cootes, Executive Officer, Intellectual Disability Rights Service Inc, Committee Hansard, 27 March 2013, p. 18.

[35]      Catholic Social Services Victoria, Submission 39, p. 3.

[36]      Australian Human Rights Commission, Submission 5, p. 10.

[37]      Mr Kevin Martin, Adult Guardian, Office of the Adult Guardian, Committee Hansard, 27 March 2013, p. 28.

[38]      Mr Martin, Office of the Adult Guardian, Committee Hansard, 27 March 2013, p. 28.

[39]      Adult Guardian of Queensland and the Public Advocate of Queensland, Submission 19, p. 1.

[40]      Australian Lawyers for Human Rights, Submission 41, p.7.

[41]      Donna, Committee Hansard, 30 January 2013, p. 2.

[42]      Professor Susan Hayes, Submission 47, p. 3.

[43]      Ms Frohmader, Women With Disabilities Australia, Committee Hansard, 11 December 2012, p. 14.

[44]      Women With Disabilities Australia, Submission 49, p. 38.

[45]      Dr Bateson, Family Planning New South Wales, Committee Hansard, 27 March 2013, p. 10.

[46]      Family Planning Victoria, Submission 58, p. 4.

[47]      Sexual Health and Family Planning Australia, Submission 52, p. 3.

[48]      National Council on Intellectual Disability, Submission 77, p. 9.

[49]      Sexual Health and Family Planning Australia, Submission 52, p. 3.

[50]      Sexual Health and Family Planning Australia, Submission 52, p. 3.

[51]      Mrs Anna Maria Krohn, Bioethics Convenor, Catholic Women's League Australia, Committee Hansard, 27 March 2013, p. 44.

[52]      Mr Simpson, New South Wales Council for Intellectual Disability, Committee Hansard, 11 December 2012, p. 20.

[53]      Ms Therese Sands, Co-Chief Executive Officer, People with Disability Australia, Committee Hansard, 11 December 2012, p. 4.

[54]      Mr Martin, Office of the Adult Guardian, Committee Hansard, 27 March 2013, p. 28.

[55]      Mr Simpson, New South Wales Council for Intellectual Disability, Committee Hansard, 11 December 2012, p. 2.

[56]      Ms Colleen Pearce, Public Advocate, Office of the Public Advocate, Victoria, Committee Hansard, 11 December 2012, p. 6.

[57]      Susan Brady, John Britton, Sonia Grover, The sterilisation of girls and young women in Australia: issues and progress, p. 44.

[58]      Mr Martin, Office of the Adult Guardian, Committee Hansard, 27 March 2013, p. 30.

[59]      Northern Territory Government, Submission 34, p. 5.

[60]      New South Wales Government, Submission 57, pp. 2–3.

[61]      Adult Guardian of Queensland and the Public Advocate of Queensland, Submission 19, p. 7.

[62]      Ms Cootes, Intellectual Disability Rights Service Inc, Committee Hansard, 27 March 2013, p. 18.

[63]      Family Planning Victoria, Submission 58, p. 6.

[64]      Family Planning Victoria, Submission 58, p. 5.

[65]      Dr Chesterman, Office of the Public Advocate, Victoria, Proof Committee Hansard, 11 December 2013, p. 14.

[66]      Family Planning Victoria, Submission 58, p. 4.

[67]      Sexual Health and Family Planning Australia, Submission 52, p. 3.

[68]      Mr Simpson, New South Wales Council for Intellectual Disability, Committee Hansard, 11 December 2012, p. 12.

[69]      Australian Association of Developmental Disability Medicine Inc., Submission 59, p. 3.

[70]      Australian Association of Developmental Disability Medicine Inc., Submission 59, pp. 3–4; Royal Children's Hospital, Submission 69, p. 2.

[71]      Royal Children's Hospital, Submission 69, p. 6.

[72]      Royal Children's Hospital, Submission 69, p. 6.

[73]      Royal Children's Hospital, Submission 69, p. 6.

[74]      Royal Children's Hospital, Submission 69, p. 6.

[75]      Australian Medical Association, Submission 53, p. 2.

[76]      Australian Human Rights Commission, The sterilisation of girls and young women in Australia, 1997, p. 17; citing G. Carlson, M. Taylor, J. Wilson, and J. Griffen, Menstrual Management  and Fertility Management for Women who have Intellectual Disability and High Support Needs: Analysis of Australian Policy, (2nd ed), 1994, Department of Social Work and Social Policy , University of Queensland.

[77]      Ms Linda Steele, Submission 44, pp. 11–12.

[78]      Ms Linda Steele, Submission 44, pp. 11–12.

[79]      Women With Disabilities Australia, Submission 49, p. 47.

[80]      Mr Simpson, New South Wales Council for Intellectual Disability, Committee Hansard, 11 December 2012, p. 12.

[81]      Human Rights Committee, Consideration of reports submitted by States Parties under article 40 of the Covenant, Concluding observations adopted by the Human Rights Committee at its 150 session, 9–27 July 2012–Lithuania, p. 4, http://www2.ohchr.org/english/bodies/hrc/hrcs105.htm (accessed 7 May 2013).

[82]      Australian Guardianship and Administration Council, Submission 28, p. 4.

[83]      Australian Guardianship and Administration Council, Submission 28, Attachment 1, Protocol for Special Medical Procedures (Sterilisation), cl. 5.21.

[84]      Guardianship and Management of Property Act 1991 (ACT), s. 70(2).

[85]      Correspondence received from the Australian Capital Territory Civil and Administrative Tribunal, 12 May 2013, p. 2.

[86]      Northern Territory Government, Submission 34, pp. 3, 5.

[87]      New South Wales Government, Submission 57, p. 5.

[88]      Adult Guardian of Queensland and the Public Advocate of Queensland, Submission 19, p. 7.

[89]      Adult Guardian of Queensland and the Public Advocate of Queensland, Submission 19, p. 7.

[90]      Family Law Act 1975, s. 68LA.

[91]      Attorney–General's Department, answer to question on notice, 19 April 2013 (received 14 May 2013).

[92]      Attorney–General's Department, answer to question on notice, 19 April 2013 (received 14 May 2013).

[93]      See, for example, Mr Simpson, New South Wales Council for Intellectual Disability, Committee Hansard, 11 December 2012, p. 2.

[94]      Dr Wendy Bonython, Assistant Professor, School of Law, University of Canberra, Committee Hansard, 27 March 2013, p. 63.

[95]      Royal Children's Hospital, Submission 69, p. 6.

[96]      See, for example, Dr Wendy Bonython, Submission 22, Recommendation 6, p. 4.

[97]      Australian Lawyers for Human Rights, Submission 41, p. 3.

[98]      Professor Susan Hayes, Submission 47, p. 4.

[99]      Qld Centre for Intellectual and Developmental Disability, Queenslanders with Disabilities Network, and Qld Advocacy Inc, Submission 37, p. 3.

[100]    Mr Simpson, New South Wales Council for Intellectual Disability, Committee Hansard, 11 December 2012, p. 11.

[101]    Attorney–General's Department, answer to question on notice, 19 April 2013 (received 14 May 2013).

[102]    Adult Guardian of Queensland and the Public Advocate of Queensland, Submission 19, p. 7.

[103]    The Hon. Diana Bryant, AO, Chief Justice, Family Court of Australia, Proof Committee Hansard, 27 March 2013, p. 60.

[104]    The Hon. Diana Bryant, AO, Chief Justice, Family Court of Australia, Proof Committee Hansard, 27 March 2013, p. 61.

[105]    Mr Simpson, New South Wales Council for Intellectual Disability, Committee Hansard, 11 December 2012, p. 11.

[106]    Royal Children's Hospital, Submission 69, p. 2; Associate Professor Sonia Grover, Gynaecologist, Royal Children's Hospital, Committee Hansard, 11 December 2012, p. 11.

[107]    Qld Centre for Intellectual and Developmental Disability, Queenslanders with Disabilities Network, and Qld Advocacy Inc., Submission 37, p. 3.

[108]    The Hon. Diana Bryant, AO, Chief Justice, Family Court of Australia, Proof Committee Hansard, 27 March 2013, p. 60.

[109]    Dr Bonython, School of Law, University of Canberra, Committee Hansard, 27 March 2013, p. 65.

[110]    Dr Bonython, School of Law, University of Canberra, Committee Hansard, 27 March 2013, p. 65.

[111]    Guardianship and Administration Act 2000 (QLD), ss 80D(1)(a).

[112]    Guardianship and Administration Act 2000 (QLD), ss 80D(1)(b)–(e).

[113]    Guardianship and Administration Act 1995 (Tas), s. 45.

[114]    Guardianship Act 1987 (NSW), s. 45.

[115]    Guardianship and Administration Act 2000 (QLD), s. 70.

[116]    Guardianship and Administration Act 1993 (SA), s. 61.

[117]    Guardianship and Management of Property Act 1991 (ACT), s. 70.

[118]    Adult Guardianship Act (NT), s. 21.

[119]    Guardianship and Administration Act 1986 (VIC), s. 38.

[120]    See, for example, Ms Cootes, Intellectual Disability Rights Service Inc, Committee Hansard, 27 March 2013, p. 18.

[121]    Women With Disabilities Australia, Submission 49, p. 44.

[122]    Ms Frohmader, Women With Disabilities Australia, Committee Hansard, 11 December 2012, p. 27.

[123]    Ms Sands, People with Disability Australia, Committee Hansard, 11 December 2012, p. 6.

[124]    Australian Women Against Violence Alliance, Submission 49, pp. 1–2.

[125]    Ms Frohmader, Women With Disabilities Australia, Committee Hansard, 11 December 2012, p. 6.

[126]    Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, Thematic study on the issue of violence against women and girls and disability, 30 March 2012, p. 10.

[127]    See, for example, Ms Frohmader, Women With Disabilities Australia, Committee Hansard, 11 December 2012, p. 6.

[128]    Amnesty International Australia, Submission 48, p. 44.

[129]    Ms Sands, People with Disability Australia, Committee Hansard, 11 December 2012, p. 6.

[130]    Attorney–General's Department, answer to question on notice, 19 April 2013 (received 14 May 2013).

[131]    Dr Wendy Bonython, Submission 22, p. 22.

[132]    Dr Wendy Bonython, Submission 22, p. 2.

[133]    Adult Guardian of Queensland and the Public Advocate of Queensland, Submission 19, p. 2.

[134]    Dr Wendy Bonython, Submission 22, Recommendation 5, p. 37.

[135]    The Hon. Diana Bryant, AO, Chief Justice, Family Court of Australia, Committee Hansard, 27 March 2013, p. 61.

[136]    Dr Irwin Faris, Submission 8, p. 1. See also Royal Australian College of Physicians, Submission 17, p. 2.

[137]    Ms Janine Truter, Submission 18, p. 4.

[138]    Professor John and Mrs Merren Carter, Supplementary Submission, p. 1.

[139]    Dr Wendy Bonython, Submission 22, p. 37.

[140]    Ms Janene Cootes, Executive Officer, Intellectual Disability Rights Service Inc., Committee Hansard, 27 March 2013, p. 18.

[141]    People with Disabilities Australia, Submission 50, p. 15.

[142]    Dr Chesterman, Office of the Public Advocate, Victoria, Committee Hansard, 11 December 2013, p. 14; Mr Simpson, New South Wales Council for Intellectual Disability, Committee Hansard, 11 December 2012, p. 14.

[143]    Mr Simpson, New South Wales Council for Intellectual Disability, Committee Hansard, 11 December 2012, p. 14.

[144]    See, for example, Ms Sands, People with Disability Australia, Committee Hansard, 11 December 2012, p. 3.

[145]    See, for example, Australian Lawyers for Human Rights, Submission 41, p. 4; Australian Women's Health Network, Submission 44, p. 2; Catholic Women's League Australia Inc., Submission 32, p. 5.

[146]    Mr Graeme Innes, Disability Discrimination Commissioner, Australian Human Rights Commission, Committee Hansard, 27 March 2013, p. 37.

[147]    Ms Miriam Taylor Gomez, Education Coordinator, Queensland Centre for Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, Committee Hansard, 11 December 2012, pp. 19–20.

[148]    Dr Wendy Bonython, Submission 22, pp. 10–11.

[149]    Queensland Advocacy Inc, Submission 65, p. 7.

[150]    Australian Guardianship and Administration Council, Submission 28, p. 1.

[151]    Ms Janine Truter, Submission 18, p. 3.

[152]    Ms Janine Truter, Submission 18, p. 3.

[153]    The Hon. Diana Bryant, AO, Chief Justice, Family Court of Australia, Submission 36, p. 4.

[154]    Ms Lesley Naik, Submission 7, p. 7.

[155]    Ms Linda Steele, Submission 44, p. 3; Women With Disabilities Australia, Submission 49, p. 39.

[156]    Ms Linda Steele, Submission 44, pp. 14–16.

[157]    Queensland Advocacy Inc, Submission 65, p. 6.          

[158]    Associate Professor Sonia Grover, Gynaecologist, Royal Children's Hospital, Committee Hansard, 11 December 2012, p. 9.

[159]    People with Disabilities Australia, Submission 50, p. 17.

[160]    Queensland Advocacy Inc, Submission 65, p. 6.

[161]    Dr Wendy Bonython, Submission 22, p. 23.

[162]    The Hon. Diana Bryant, AO, Chief Justice, Family Court of Australia, Submission 36, p. 5.

[163]    BAH [2009] NSWGT 8 (28 July 2009), as cited in Women With Disabilities Australia, Submission 49, pp. 39–40.

[164]    Ms Linda Steele, Submission 44, pp. 14–16.

[165]    Office of the Public Advocate, Submission 14, p. 7.

[166]    Office of the Public Advocate, Submission 14, p. 7.

[167]    Ms Lesley Naik, Submission 7, p. 6.

[168]    Mr Graeme Innes, Disability Discrimination Commissioner, Australian Human Rights Commission, Committee Hansard, 27 March 2013, p. 37.

[169]    See: Council of Australian Governments, National partnership agreement on legal assistance services, http://www.federalfinancialrelations.gov.au/content/npa/other/legal_assistance_services/national_partnership.pdf (accessed 9 July 2013).

Chapter 6 - Family Court of Australia

[1]        See, for example, Office of the Public Advocate, Submission 14, pp. 7–8.
The committee was not advised of any concerns with the Family Court of Western Australia relating to child sterilisation cases. However, it is noted that the issues raised about the Family Court of Australia may be relevant to the Family Court of Western Australia to the extent that the Family Court of Western Australia applies the provisions of the Family Law Act 1975 and the mirror provisions in the Western Australian Family Court Act 1997.

[2]        Qld Centre for Intellectual and Developmental Disability, Queenslanders with Disabilities Network, and Qld Advocacy Inc, Submission 37, Attachment 3, p. 21.

[3]        Mr Jim Simpson, Lawyer, New South Wales Council for Intellectual Disability, Committee Hansard, 11 December 2012, p. 18.

[4]        Office of the Public Advocate, Submission 14, pp. 7–8.

[5]        Office of the Public Advocate, Submission 14, p. 7.

[6]        Mason C.J., Dawson, Toohey and Gaudron JJ, Secretary, Department of Health and Community Services (NT) v JWB and SMB (1992) 66 ALJR 300 (Re Marion), at 54.

[7]        Dr Wendy Bonython, Submission 22, p. 7.

[8]        Family Law Amendment Bill (Shared Parental Responsibility) Bill 2005, Explanatory Memorandum, p. 3.

[9]        Family Law Act 1975, s. 69ZN.

[10]      Family Law Act 1975, s. 69ZN; The Hon. Diana Bryant, AO, Chief Justice, Family Court of Australia, Submission 36, p. 10.

[11]      Family Law Act 1975, ss. 69ZN(4).

[12]      Family Law Rules 2004, r. 16.08.

[13]      The Hon. Diana Bryant, AO, Chief Justice, Family Court of Australia, Submission 36, p. 11.

[14]      The Hon. Diana Bryant, AO, Chief Justice, Family Court of Australia, Submission 36, p. 9.

[15]      The Hon. Diana Bryant, AO, Chief Justice, Family Court of Australia, Committee Hansard, 27 March 2013, p. 58.

[16]      Office of the Public Advocate, Submission 14, p. 7.

[17]      Mrs Louise Robbins, Private capacity, Committee Hansard, 27 March 2013, p. 47.

[18]      Mrs Louise Robbins, Private capacity, Committee Hansard, 27 March 2013, p. 52.

[19]      Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists, Submission 30, p. 2.

[20]      The Hon. Diana Bryant, Family Court of Australia, Committee Hansard, 27 March 2013, p. 59.

[21]      Mason C.J., Dawson, Toohey and Gaudron JJ, Secretary, Department of Health and Community Services (NT) v JWB and SMB (1992) 66 ALJR 300 (Re Marion), at 54.

[22]      Family Law Council, Sterilisation and other medical procedures on children, 1994, paragraphs 5.16; Recommendation 4(i).

[23]      Susan Brady, John Britton, Sonia Grover, The sterilisation of girls and young women in Australia: issues and progress, A report jointly commissioned by the Sex Discrimination Commissioner and the Disability Discrimination Commissioner at the Australian Human Rights Commission, 2001, p. 50.

[24]      Susan Brady, John Britton, Sonia Grover, The sterilisation of girls and young women in Australia: issues and progress, A report jointly commissioned by the Sex Discrimination Commissioner and the Disability Discrimination Commissioner at the Australian Human Rights Commission, 2001, pp. 57–59.

[25]      Attorney-General's Department, answer to question on notice, 19 April 2013 (received 14 May 2013).

[26]      Ms Cathy Rainsford, Assistant Secretary, Family Law Branch, Attorney-General's Department, Committee Hansard, 31 May 2013, p. 15.

[27]      Attorney-General's Department, answer to question on notice, 31 May 2013 (received 2 July 2013).

[28]      The Hon. Diana Bryant, Family Court of Australia, Committee Hansard, 27 March 2013, p. 57.

[29]      Office of the Public Advocate, Submission 14, p. 7.

[30]      Dr John Chesterman, Manager of Policy and Education, Office of the Public Advocate, Victoria, Committee Hansard, 11 December 2013, p. 13.

[31]      Family Law Council, Sterilisation and other medical procedures on children, 1994, paragraphs 5.36–40.

[32]      Family Law Council, Sterilisation and other medical procedures on children, 1994, paragraphs 5.24; 5.40.

[33]      Family Law Council, Sterilisation and other medical procedures on children, 1994, Recommendation 4.

[34]      Susan Brady, John Britton, Sonia Grover, The sterilisation of girls and young women in Australia: issues and progress, A report jointly commissioned by the Sex Discrimination Commissioner and the Disability Discrimination Commissioner at the Australian Human Rights Commission, 2001, p. 44.

[35]      Attorney-General's Department, answer to question on notice, 19 April 2013 (received 14 May 2013).

[36]      Mr Daniel Abraham, Assistant Secretary, Human Rights Policy Branch, Attorney-General's Department, Committee Hansard, 31 May 2013, p. 14.

[37]      The Hon. Diana Bryant, AO, Chief Justice, Family Court of Australia, Submission 36, p. 8.

[38]      The Hon. Diana Bryant, AO, Chief Justice, Family Court of Australia, Committee Hansard, 27 March 2013, p. 59.

[39]      The Hon. Diana Bryant, AO, Chief Justice, Family Court of Australia, Submission 36, p. 8.

[40]      The Hon. Diana Bryant, AO, Chief Justice, Family Court of Australia, Committee Hansard, 27 March 2013, p. 58. Parties to proceedings include the people who may institute proceedings, which include the child's parents, the child, child's grandparents, or any other person concerned with the child's welfare care or development (see Family Law Act 1975, s. 69C). In addition, the court may in the late the persons to be party to the proceedings, including State and Territory child welfare officers (see Family Law Act 1975, s. 91B). 

[41]      The Hon. Diana Bryant, AO, Chief Justice, Family Court of Australia, Committee Hansard, 27 March 2013, p. 58.

[42]      Family Law Rules 2004, r. 4.09.

[43]      Family Law Rules 2004, r. 4.09.

[44]      The Hon. Diana Bryant, AO, Chief Justice, Family Court of Australia, Submission 36, p. 8.

[45]      Ms Carolyn Frohmader, Executive Director, Women With Disabilities Australia, Committee Hansard, 27 March 2013, p. 4.

[46]      Women With Disabilities Australia, Submission 49, pp. 30, 38.

[47]      People with Disabilities Australia, Submission 50, p. 16.

[48]      People with Disabilities Australia, Submission 50, p. 16.

[49]      Miriam Taylor, Queensland Centre for Intellectual and Development Disability, University of Queensland, Proof Committee Hansard, 30 January 2013, p. 6.

[50]      Ms Linda Steele, Submission 44, p. 23.

[51]      Prof T, Re H [2004] FamCA 496, 49; as cited, in part, in Women With Disabilities Australia, Submission 49, p. 32.

[52]      This matter is also taken up in the next chapter.

[53]      Family Law Rules 2004, Part 15.4, especially r. 15.38(3).

[54]      Family Law Rules 2004, Part 15.5.

[55]      The Hon. Diana Bryant, AO, Chief Justice, Family Court of Australia, Submission 36, p. 7.

[56]      Family Law Rules 2004, r. 15.39(4).

[57]      Australian Guardianship and Administration Council, Submission 28, p. 2.

Chapter 7 - Legislation: uniformity, offences, and data collection

[1]        Committee correspondence to the ACT Civil and Administrative Tribunal, 28 March 2013.

[2]        Correspondence received from the Australian Capital Territory Civil and Administrative Tribunal, 12 May 2013, pp. 6–7.

[3]        Correspondence received from the Australian Capital Territory Civil and Administrative Tribunal, 12 May 2013, pp. 8–14.

[4]        New South Wales Government, Submission 66, p. 2.

[5]        The committee's letter asked for information over the preceding decade, and the committee assumes that this is the period covered by the Northern Territory's response.

[6]        Correspondence received from the Northern Territory Executive Office of Adult Guardianship, 21 May 2013, p. 2.

[7]        Correspondence received from the Queensland Civil and Administrative Tribunal, 3 May 2013, pp. 3–4.

[8]        Correspondence received from the Queensland Civil and Administrative Tribunal, 3 May 2013, p. 4.

[9]        Correspondence received from the Guardianship Board South Australia, 3 May 2013.

[10]      Tasmanian Government, Submission 57, p. 2.

[11]      Tasmanian Government, Submission 57, pp. 3–4.

[12]      Correspondence received from the Victorian Civil & Administrative Tribunal (VCAT), 28 May 2013.

[13]      AD [2007] WASAT 123, paras 100, 101.

[14]      The committee understands the two cases to be Re: Angela [2010] FamCA 98 (16 February 2010) and Re: H [2004] FamCA 496 (20 May 2004).

[15]      (Number of applications divided by number of years), divided by jurisdiction population in millions.

[16]      Commonwealth Attorney-General's Department, Answers to questions on notice, 31 May 2013 (received to July 2013).

[17]      Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Gynaecology at Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Submission 69, p. 13.

[18]      Dr Wendy Bonython, Submission 22, p. 33; Law Institute of Victoria, Submission 79, p. 20.

[19]      Family Law Council, Sterilisation and other medical procedures on children, November 1994, paragraph 3.30; P v P (1994) 120 ALR 545.

[20]      Dr Wendy Bonython, Submission 22, p. 33.

[21]      Law Institute of Victoria, Submission 79, p. 30.

[22]      Commonwealth Attorney-General's Department, Answers to questions on notice, 19 April 2013 (received 14 May 2013).

[23]      Commonwealth Attorney-General's Department, Answers to questions on notice, 19 April 2013 (received 14 May 2013).

[24]      People with Disabilities Australia, Submission 49, p. 10.

[25]      Dr Wendy Bonython, private capacity, Committee Hansard, 27 March 2013, p. 64.

[26]      Multicultural Disability Advocacy Association, Comments on draft model bill, http://www.mdaa.org.au/service/systemic/06/cidbill.html (accessed 9 July 2013).

[27]      Women With Disability Australia, Systematic advocacy on the unlawful sterilisation of minors with disabilities (2003 – 2008), http://www.wwda.org.au/steriladv07.htm (accessed 9 July 2013).

[28]      Commonwealth Attorney-General's Department, Answers to questions on notice, 19 April 2013 (received 14 May 2013).

[29]      Committee Hansard, 31 May 2013, p. 9.

[30]      Commonwealth Attorney-General's Department, Answers to questions on notice, 19 April 2013 (received 14 June 2013)

[31]      Australian Guardianship and Administration Council, Submission 28, Attachment 1, Protocol for Special Medical Procedures (Sterilisation), cl. 1.5.

[32]      Australian Guardianship and Administration Council, Submission 28, p. 1.

[33]      Commonwealth Attorney-General's Department, Answers to questions on notice, 19 April 2013 (received 14 May 2013).

[34]      Human Rights Council, Report of the Working Group on the Universal Periodic Review – Australia, 24 March 2011, paragraph 86.39, http://daccess-dds-ny.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/G11/122/90/PDF/G1112290.pdf?OpenElement (accessed 8 July 2013).

[35]      Dr Wendy Bonython, Submission 22, p. 33; Law Institute of Victoria, Submission 79, p. 20.

[36]      Family Law Council, Sterilisation and other medical procedures on children, 1994, Recommendation 1(a).

[37]      See, for example,           Australian Human Rights Commission, Submission 5, Recommendation 4; Office of the Public Advocate, Submission 14, Recommendation 13; People with Disability Australia, Submission 50, pp. 12; 34.

[38]      Ms Carolyn Frohmader, Executive Director, Women With Disabilities Australia, Committee Hansard, 11 December 2012, p. 8.

[39]      Qld Centre for Intellectual and Developmental Disability, Queenslanders with Disabilities Network, and Qld Advocacy Inc., Submission 37, Attachment 3, p. 10.

[40]      Associate Professor Sonia Grover, Gynaecologist, Royal Children's Hospital Committee Hansard, 11 December 22, p. 4.

[41]      Miriam, Proof Committee Hansard, 30 January 2013, p. 7.

[42]      Woman A, Proof Committee Hansard, 30 January 2013, p. 7.

[43]      Ms Lesly Naik, Submission 7, pp. 2–3.

[44]      Associate Professor Grover, Royal Children's Hospital, Committee Hansard, 11 December 22, p. 4.

[45]      Guardianship and Administration Act 1993, s. 61.

[46]      Adult Guardianship Act, ss. 21(2) Note.

[47]      Guardianship and Administration Act 1995, s. 38.

[48]      Guardianship and Administration Act 1995, s. 40.

[49]      Guardianship and Administration Act 1995, s. 42.

[50]      New South Wales Government, Submission 66, p. 4.

[51]      Guardianship and Management of Property Act 1991, s. 69.

[52]      Dr Wendy Bonython, Submission 22, p. 10.

[53]      Ms Lesly Naik, Submission 7, p. 8.

[54]      Ms Lesly Naik, Submission 7, p. 8.

[55]      Ms Frohmader, Women With Disabilities Australia, Committee Hansard, 11 December 2012, p. 6.

[56]      People with Disabilities Australia, Submission 49, p. 35.

[57]      Name withheld, Submission 10, p. 4.

[58]      Professor Carter, Committee Hansard, 27 March 2013, p. 49.

[59]      Mrs Robbins, Committee Hansard, 27 March 2013, p. 52.

[60]      Dr and Mrs John and Merren Carter, Submission 20, p. 3.

[61]      Law Institute of Victoria, Submission 79, p. 23.

[62]      Australian Human Rights Commission, Submission 5, p. 4.

[63]      Law Institute of Victoria, Submission 79, pp. 23–24.

[64]      Australian Human Rights Commission, Submission 5, p. 13.

[65]      Crimes Act 1900 (NSW), s. 45.

[66]      Australian Government, Female genital mutilation, http://www.smarttraveler.gov.au/tips/female-genital-mutilation.html (accessed 11 July 2013).