Footnotes
[1] Minister
for Health and Aged Care, ‘Review of the Health System’, Media Release, 5 August 1999.
[2] Industry
Commission, Private Health Insurance,
Report No.57, Canberra, the Commission, 1997, p.lvi.
[3] Gross,
P, ‘National health policy: implications of the NSW Health Council report’, Healthcover, June-July 2000, pp.35-40.
[4] The
Australian Association of Paediatric Teaching Centres is known now as
Children’s Hospitals and Paediatric Units Australasia, or Children’s Hospitals
Australasia for short (Committee Hansard,
18.8.00, p.703).
[5] Submission
No.63, p.7 (AHA, WHA, AAPTC).
[6] Submission
No.66, p.3 (National Rural Health Alliance).
[7] Committee Hansard, 24.2.00, p.235
(Northern Territory Minister for Health).
[8] Duckett,
S ‘Economics of hospital care’, in Economics
and Australian Health Policy, edited by G Mooney and R Scotton, St
Leonards, Allen & Unwin, 1998, p.112.
[9] Duckett,
S, p.112.
[10] Minister
for Health and Aged Care, ‘Ministers collaborate to strengthen primary health
and community care’, Media Release,
31 July 2000.
[11] See,
for example, Committee Hansard,
22.3.00, p.402 (Doctors Reform Society).
[12] Committee Hansard, 18.8.00, p.669
(Australian Medical Association).
[13] Committee Hansard, 11.11.99, p.116
(National Rural Health Alliance).
[14] Committee Hansard, 24.2.00, p.235
(Northern Territory Minister for Health).
[15] Health
Insurance Commission, Annual Report
1999-00, Canberra, HIC, 2000, p.12.
[16] Australian
Institute of Health and Welfare, Health
Expenditure Bulletin No 16, p.3.
[17] Australian
Institute of Health and Welfare, Health
Expenditure Bulletin No 16, p.4.
[18] Australian
Institute of Health and Welfare, Health
Expenditure Bulletin No 16, p.3.
[19] See,
for example, Submission No.41, p.18 (Queensland Government).
[20] National
Commission of Audit, Report to the
Commonwealth Government, Canberra, AGPS, 1996, p.138.
[21] Gregory
R, ‘Ageing and health and family services: discussion’, in Policy Implications of the Ageing of Australia’s Population: Conference
Proceedings, Melbourne, 18-19 March 1999, Melbourne, Productivity
Commission, 1999, p.392.
[22] Ham,
C, ‘Series Editor’s Introduction’, The
Global Challenge of Health Care Rationing, edited by A Coulter and C Ham,
Buckingham, Open University Press, 2000, p.xi.
[23] Ham,
C, ‘Priority setting in the health services’, in Rationing of Health and Social Care, edited by I Allen, London,
Policy Studies Institute, 1993, p.1.
[24] Committee Hansard, 18.8.00, p.700 (Mr
Paul Gross).
[25] Committee Hansard, 18.8.00, p.689 (Dr
Penny Gregory).
[26] Submission
No. 63, p.15 (Australian Healthcare Association, Women’s Hospitals Australia,
Australian Association of Paediatric Teaching Centres).
[27] Committee Hansard, 21.3.00, p.389
(Sydney Teaching Hospitals Advocacy Group).
[28] Submission
No.45, p.14 (Royal Australasian College of Physicians, Australian Consumers’
Association, Health Issues Centre).
[29] Committee Hansard, 21.3.00, p.344 (New
South Wales Health Department).
[30] Committee Hansard, 23.3.00, p.495
(Committee of Presidents of Medical Colleges).
[31] Committee Hansard, 24.2.00, p.207
(Australian Nursing Federation, NT Branch).
[32] Committee Hansard, 23.3.00, p.573
(National Allied Health Casemix Committee); Committee
Hansard, 22.3.00, p.439 (Queensland Nurses Union).
[33] Committee Hansard, 21.3.00, p.372 (RACP,
ACA, Health Issues Centre).
[34] Submission
No.45, p.9 (RACP, ACA, Health Issues Centre).
[35] Committee Hansard, 24.2.00, p.223
(Australian Medical Association, NT Branch).
[36] Committee Hansard, 24.2.00, p.243 (NT
Shadow Minister for Health).
[37] Committee Hansard, 24.2.00, p.243 (NT
Shadow Minister for Health).
[38] Australian
Institute of Health and Welfare, Health
in Rural and Remote Australia, Canberra, AIHW, 1998, p. vi-viii.
[39] Submission
No.63, p.5 (National Rural Health Alliance).
[40] Committee Hansard, 23.2.00, p.193 (South
Australian Salaried Medical Officers Association).
[41] Committee Hansard, 22.3.00, p.437
(Queensland Nurses Union).
[42] Committee Hansard, 23.2.00, p.175
(Australian Nursing Federation).
[43] Committee Hansard, 23.3.00, p.526
(Australian Nursing Federation, Victorian Branch).
[44] Committee Hansard, 21.3.00, p.393
(Sydney Teaching Hospitals Advocacy Group).
[45] McMillan,
J Commonwealth Constitutional Power over
Health, Canberra, Consumers’ Health Forum, 1992, p.1.
[46] The
Department of Veterans’ Affairs is an exception because it does purchase
hospital services for Veteran patients with a Gold Card.
[47] Submission
No.63, p.13 (AHA, WHA, AAPTC).
[48] Submission
No.50, p.13 (Dr Deeble).
[49] Submission
No.50, p.14 (Dr Deeble).
[50] Submission
No.38, p.11 (DHAC).
[51] Submission
No.60, Additional Information, p.1 (South Australian Government).
[52] Submission
No.41, Additional Information, p.4 (Queensland Government).
[53] Committee Hansard, 21.3.00, p.356 (New
South Wales Health Department).
[54] See,
for example, Submission No.66, p.26 (NRHA).
[55] Committee Hansard, 11.11.99, p.98 (AHA,
WHA, AAPTC).
[56] Minister
for Health and Aged Care, ‘Ministers agree: Health and medical research-a top
priority’, Media Release, 31 July
2000.
[57] Submission
No.41, p.17 (Queensland Government).
[58] Committee Hansard, 21.3.00, p.366 (New
South Wales Health Department).
[59] Committee Hansard, 11.11.99, p.39-40
(DHAC).
[60] Submission
No.79, p.12 (New South Wales Government).
[61] Committee Hansard, 25.2.00, p.276
(Health Department Western Australia).
[62] Submission
No.63, p.13 (AHA, WHA, AAPTC).
[63] Committee Hansard, 18.8.00, p.728.
[64] Committee Hansard, 18.8.00, p.678
(Professor Thomson, Monash University).
[65] Minister
for Health and Aged Care, ‘Ministers collaborate to strengthen primary health
and community care’, Media Release,
31 July 2000.
[66] Committee Hansard, 18.8.00, p.675 (Dr
Brook, Victorian Department of Human Services).
[67] Committee Hansard, 18.8.00, p.672 (Mr
Borthwick, DHAC).
[68] Committee Hansard, 18.8.00, p.684 (Dr
Madden, Australian Institute of Health and Welfare).
[69] Committee Hansard, 18.8.00, p.683 (Dr
Smyth, ACHSE).
[70] Committee Hansard, 18.8.00, p.701 (Mr
Gross, Institute of Health Economics and Technology Assessment).
[71] Committee Hansard, 18.8.00, p.716
(Professor Duckett, La Trobe University).
[72] Committee Hansard, 20.11.00, p.752
(Professor Scotton, Centre for Health Program Evaluation, Monash University).
[73] Committee Hansard, 20.11.00, p.757 (Ass
Professor Picone, New South Wales Health Department).
[74] Committee Hansard, 20.11.00, p.767 (Dr
Segal, Centre for Health Program Evaluation, Monash University).
[75] Committee Hansard, 20.11.00, p.791-3 (Mr
Davidson, South Australian Department of Human Services).
[76] Committee Hansard, 20.11.00, p.797 (Dr
Filby, Queensland Health).
[77] Committee Hansard, 20.11.00, p.788 (Dr P
Gregory, ACT Department of Health and Community Care).
[78] Committee Hansard, 18.8.00, p.704 (Mr
Geeves, Tasmanian Department of Health and Human Services).
[79] Committee Hansard, 18.8.00, p.704 (Mr
Geeves).
[80] Committee Hansard, 20.11.00, p.767 (Dr
Segal, CHPE).
[81] Submission
No.41, p.18 (Queensland Government).
[82] Committee Hansard, 18.8.00, p.702 (Mr
Gross).
[83] Committee Hansard, 18.8.00, p.676 (Dr
Brook).
[84] Committee Hansard, 18.8.00, p.687
(Professor Duckett).
[85] Committee Hansard, 18.8.00, p.687 (Ms
Segal, CHPE).
[86] The
PHOFAs provide a useful example of inadequate accountability. Under these
agreements, the States and Territories have gained greater flexibility in the
way funding is expended for public health programs, however the reporting
mechanisms under the agreements leave much to be desired, with little data
available on patient outcomes.
[87] Committee Hansard, 18.8.00, pp.705-6 (Dr
Brook).
[88] Committee Hansard, 18.8.00, p.683 (Dr
Smyth).
[89] ‘Measure
and share’ is a provision of the AHCAs and illustrates, arguably, their
flexibility. Essentially, this provision permits the movement of funding across
Commonwealth and State programs. The AHCAs provide that the Commonwealth and
States may consider proposals that move funding for specific services between
Commonwealth and State funded programs provided that each proposal meets
certain criteria which are detailed in the AHCA (Clauses 27-28).
[90] Australian
Health Care Agreement, Part 5, clause 28.
[91] Committee Hansard, 18.8.00, p.690 (Dr
Gregory, ACT Department of Health and Community Care).
[92] Committee Hansard, 18.8.00, p.694 (Dr
Smyth).
[93] Committee Hansard, 18.8.00, p.711
(Professor Dwyer, Senior Medical Staff Advocacy Committee).
[94] Committee Hansard, 18.8.00, p.706 (Dr
Brook).
[95] Submission
No.37, p.3 (Barwon Health).
[96] Committee Hansard, 18.8.00, p.693 (Dr
Smyth).
[97] Committee Hansard, 20.11.00, p.757 (Ass
Professor Picone, New South Wales Health Department).
[98] Committee Hansard, 18.8.00, p.719 (Dr
Brook).
[99] Committee Hansard, 11.11.99, p.21
(DHAC).
[100] Committee Hansard, 18.8.00, p.719 (Dr
Brook).
[101] Committee Hansard, 18.8.00, p.721 (Mr
Borthwick).
[102] Committee Hansard, 18.8.00, p.719 (Dr
Brook).
[103] Committee Hansard, 18.8.00, p.722 (Mr
Borthwick).
[104] Committee Hansard, 24.2.00, p.236 (NT
Minister for Health).
[105] Committee Hansard, 18.8.00, p.724 (Mr
Matthews, Society of Hospital Pharmacists of Australia).
[106] Committee Hansard, 18.8.00, p.720 (Dr
Brook).
[107] Committee Hansard, 21.3.00, p.349 (New
South Wales Health Department).
[108] Committee Hansard, 22.3.00, p.483
(Queensland Minister for Health).
[109] Submission
No.52, Additional information, 17.8.00, p.2 (Society of Hospital Pharmacists of
Australia).
[110] Submission
No.52, Additional information, 17.8.00, pp.1-2 (Society of Hospital Pharmacists
of Australia).
[111] Committee Hansard, 18.8.00, p.727 (Dr
Phelps, AMA).
[112] Committee Hansard, 18.8.00, p.728
(Professor White, Children’s Hospitals Australasia).
[113] Committee Hansard, 18.8.00, p.730 (Mr
Jones, Australian Nurses Federation).
[114] Committee Hansard, 18.8.00, p.729
(Professor Thomson, Monash University).
[115] Committee Hansard, 18.8.00, p.726 (Dr
Filby, Queensland Health).
[116] Committee Hansard, 18.8.00, p.727
(Professor Duckett).
[117] Committee Hansard, 21.3.00, p.364 (New
South Wales Health Department).
[118] Committee Hansard, 23.3.00, p.544
(Australian College of Health Service Executives).
[119] Committee Hansard, 22.3.00, p.438
(Queensland Nurses Union).
[120] Committee Hansard, 25.2.00, p.265
(Health Consumers Council).
[121] Committee Hansard, 18.8.00, p.738 (Mr
Borthwick).
[122] Committee Hansard, 18.8.00, p.732
(Professor Leeder, University of Sydney).
[123] Committee Hansard, 18.8.00, p.737 (Dr
Smyth).
[124] Committee Hansard, 18.8.00, p.738 (Mr
Borthwick).
[125] Committee Hansard, 18.8.00, p.739 (Dr
Deeble).
[126] Committee Hansard, 18.8.00, p.734
(Professor Dwyer).
[127] Committee Hansard, 18.8.00, p.739 (Ms
Segal).
[128] Committee Hansard, 18.8.00, p.738 (Dr
Gregory).
[129] Committee Hansard, 18.8.00, p.734 (Dr
Phelps).
[130] Committee Hansard, 18.8.00, p.736 (Mr
Gross).
[131] Committee Hansard, 18.8.00, p.738 (Dr
Smyth).
[132] Committee Hansard, 18.8.00, p.735 (Mr
Forbes, University of New South Wales).
[133] Committee Hansard, 18.8.00, p.733
(Christine Charles, South Australian Department of Human Services).
[134] Committee Hansard, 18.8.00, p.737 (Dr
Smyth).
[135] Committee Hansard, 18.8.00, p.741
(Professor Hall, CHERE).
[136] Committee Hansard, 18.8.00, p.741 (Professor
Hall).
[137] Committee Hansard, 18.8.00, p.741
(Professor White).
[138] Submission
No.38, p.22 (DHAC).
[139] DHAC,
The Australian Coordinated Care Trials:
Interim National Evaluation Summary, September 1999, (referred to as the
Evaluation Report), p.2.
[140] Parliamentary
Library, Coordinating Care in an
Uncoordinated Health System, Current Issues Brief No.11, 1998-99, p.4.
[141] Submission
No.38, p.24 (DHAC).
[142] Current
Issues Brief No.11, p.6.
[143] Current
Issues Brief No.11, p.6.
[144] Submission
No.38, p.23 (DHAC).
[145] Evaluation
Report, p.17.
[146] Evaluation
Report, p.viii.
[147] Submission
No.38, p.23 (DHAC).
[148] Submission
No.38, p.23 (DHAC).
[149] Submission
No.38, p.24 (DHAC).
[150] Submission
No.38, p.23 (DHAC).
[151] See
DHAC, The Australian Coordinated Care
Trials: Interim Technical National Evaluation Report, 1999; DHAC, The Australian Coordinated Care Trials: Interim
Technical National Evaluation Report- Appendices,
1999; DHAC, The Australian Coordinated
Care Trials: Interim National Evaluation Summary, 1999.
[152] Submission
No.38, p.24 (DHAC).
[153] Committee Hansard, 24.2.00, p.220 (AMA
(NT)).
[154] Committee Hansard, 24.2.00, p.220 (AMA
(NT)).
[155] Committee Hansard, 24.2.00, p.208 (ANF
(NT)).
[156] Evaluation
Report, p.ix.
[157] Evaluation
Report, p.vii.
[158] Evaluation
Report, pp.viii, 46.
[159] Evaluation
Report, p.27. See also Committee Hansard,
20.11.00, p.778 (Victorian Department of Human Services).
[160] Evaluation
Report, pp.27-28.
[161] Evaluation
Report, p.46.
[162] Evaluation
Report, pp.31-32.
[163] Evaluation
Report, pp.32-33.
[164] Evaluation
Report, p.47.
[165] Evaluation
Report, p.47.
[166] Evaluation
Report, pp.48-49.
[167] Evaluation
Report, pp.29, 46-47.
[168] Evaluation
Report, pp.40-41.
[169] Evaluation
Report, pp.x-xi. See also Committee
Hansard, 20.11.00, p.768 (Professor Deeble); Committee Hansard, 20.11.00, p.778 (Victorian Department of Human
Services).
[170] Submission
No.46, p.11 (CHPE); Submission No.22, p.3 (Professor Hindle).
[171] Submission
No.46, Additional Information, 15.3.00 (CHPE).
[172] Committee Hansard, 21.3.00, p.320
(Professor Hindle). See also Submission No.22, pp.3-4 (Professor Hindle).
[173] Committee Hansard, 20.11.00, p.757 (NSW
Health).
[174] Evaluation
Report, p.41.
[175] Committee Hansard, 20.11.00, p.763
(Professor Dwyer).
[176] Submission
No.46, Additional Information, 15.3.00 (CHPE).
[177] 1998-99
is the latest year for which detailed figures are available. The direct
payments and subsidies relate to the means tested Private Health Insurance
Incentives Scheme which was introduced in 1997 and was available during the
first half of the financial year and the 30% rebate on premiums which applied
to the second half of the year. See paras 5.13, 5.19 for a description of these schemes. Australian Institute of Health
and Welfare, Australia’s Health 2000: the
seventh biennial health report of the Australian Institute of Health and
Welfare. Canberra, AIHW, p.253.
[178] 1998-99
figure based on AIHW preliminary estimate for 1998-99 of total health expenditure
of $50,335 million. AIHW, Australia’s
Health 2000, p.233.
[179] AIHW,
Australia’s Health 2000, p.252.
[180] AIHW,
Australia’s Health 2000, p.256.
[181] AIHW,
Australia’s Health 1998: the sixth
biennial health report of the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, Canberra,
1997, p.178.
[182] Industry
Commission, Private Health Insurance, Report
No 57, Canberra, the Commission,
1997, pp.xxxi, xxxv-xxxvi.
[183] Australian
Institute of Health and Welfare, Australia’s
Health 1998, p.178.
[184] Industry
Commission, pp.xxxi-xxxii.
[185] Australia’s Health 2000, p.253.
[186] Minister
for Health and Aged Care, ‘United Effort Needed to Address Health Insurance
Crisis’, Media Release, 24 May 1996.
[187] Health
and Family Services Portfolio, Portfolio
Budgets Statements 1996-97, p.145.
[188] House
of Representatives, Debates,
13.12.96, pp.8573-74.
[189] House
of Representatives, Debates,
27.11.97, p.11436.
[190] House
of Representative, Debates, 12.11.98,
p.263.
[191] House
of Representatives, Debates,
12.11.98, p.264.
[192] Explanatory
Memorandum, Private Health Insurance Incentives Bill 1998, p.58.
[193] Senate
Community Affairs Legislation Committee, DHAC Answer to Question on Notice
No.58, Additional Estimates 1999-2000, February 2000.
[194] Health
and Aged Care Portfolio, Portfolio Budget
Statements 1999-2000, p.18. Total appropriation for the Health and Aged
Care Portfolio was $23,844 million in 1999-2000.
[195] Joint
Statement by the Treasurer and Minister for Finance and Administration, Mid-Year Economic and Fiscal Outlook 2000-01,
November 2000, p.41.
[196] Where
health funds have reached agreements with individual doctors and signed Medical
Purchaser Provider Agreements, health fund contributors with the appropriate
level of cover are eligible for reimbursement of fees charged above the
schedule fee.
[197] Community
Affairs Legislation Committee, Report on
the Health Insurance Amendment (Gap Cover Schemes) Bill 2000, p.1.
[198] Commonwealth
Government, Tax reform, not a new tax
system, AGPS, 1998, p.49.
[199] Committee Hansard, 18.8.00, p.669 (AMA).
[200] Submission
No.60, p.22 (SA Government); Submission No.61, p.17 (Australian Physiotherapy
Association).
[201] Submission
No.11, p.3 (DRS (WA)); Submission No.16, p.10 (QNU); Submission No.17, p.8
(Public Hospitals, Health & Medicare Alliance of Qld); Submission No.41,
p.26 (Qld Government).
[202] Submission
No.40, p.4 (Committee of Presidents of Medical Colleges); Submission No.45,
p.24 (RACP, ACA & Health Issues Centre); Submission No.61, p.17 (Australian
Physiotherapy Association).
[203] Submission
No.38, p.31 (DHAC).
[204] Committee Hansard, 11.11.99, pp.32-33
(DHAC).
[205] Submission
No.38, p.32 (DHAC).
[206] House
of Representatives, Debates, 14.8.00,
p.18844.
[207] Submission
No.55, p.8 (AIHA).
[208] Independent
Pricing and Regulatory Tribunal of New South Wales, A Review of NSW Health, 1998, p.43.
[209] Submission
No.60, p.22 (SA Government).
[210] Submission
No.41, p.26 (Qld Government); See also Committee
Hansard, 11.11.99, p.58 (Queensland Health).
[211] Submission
No.67, p.10 (Tasmanian Government).
[212] See
for example, Submission No.45, p.24 (RACP, ACA, HIC); Submission No.46, p.12
(CHPE).
[213] Submission
No.17, p.7 (PHH & MAQ); Submission No.46, p.12 (CHPE); Submission No.65,
p.12 (ANF (SA)); Committee Hansard,
11.11.99, p.58 (Queensland Health) and 22.3.00, p.429 (QNU).
[214] AIHW,
Australia’s Health 2000, p.272.
[215] Submission
No.46, Additional Information, p.9 (CHPE).
[216] AIHW,
Australian Hospital Statistics, 1998-99, AIHW
cat.no. HSE 11, Canberra, p.53.
[217] PHIAC,
Operations of the Registered Health
Benefits Organisations Annual Report
1998-99, p.47.
[218] Submission
No.46, p.13 (CHPE).
[219] Submission
No.46, p.12 (CHPE).
[220] Submission
No.46, Additional Information, p.9 (CHPE).
[221] See
also Submission No.17, p.7 (Public Hospitals, Health & Medicare Alliance of
Queensland).
[222] CHERE,
Discussion Paper 3, p.6.
[223] Australian
Bureau of Statistics, Health Insurance
Survey, June 1998, p.24.
[224] Committee Hansard, 21.3.00, p.341 (NSW
Health Department).
[225] Submission
No.16, p.10 (ANF(SA)); Submission No.41, p.26 (Queensland Government);
Submission No.60, p.23 (SA Government); Submission No.67, p.10 (Tasmanian
Government); Committee Hansard,
23.3.00, pp.509,517 (Victorian Minister for Health); Committee Hansard, 25.2.00, p.274 (Health Department WA); Committee Hansard, 21.3.00, p.358 (NSW
Health Department); Committee Hansard,
11.4.00, p.646 (ACT Minister for Health and Community Care).
[226] PHIAC,
p.2.
[227] Submission
No.41, p.26 (Queensland Government).
[228] Submission
No.16, p. 10 (QNU). See also Submission No.41, pp. 26-7 (Queensland
Government); Submission No.60, p.23 (SA Government); Submission No.17, p.9
(Public Hospitals, Health & Medicare Alliance of Qld).
[229] Submission
No.41, pp.26-27 (Queensland Government).
[230] Committee Hansard, 11.11.99 p.142
(AHIA).
[231] See
for example Committee Hansard,
22.3.00, p.402 (DRS).
[232] Submission
No.41, p.26 (Queensland Government).
[233] Submission
No.60, pp.22-3 (SA Government).
[234] Submission
No.45, p.25 (RACP, ACA, HIC); Submission No.63, p.29 (AHA, WHA, AAPTC).
[235] Submission
No.16, p.9 (QNU).
[236] Submission
No.18, p.6 (APHA).
[237] Committee Hansard, 11.11.99, p.32
(DHAC).
[238] Committee Hansard, 22.3.00, pp.459-60
(Public Hospitals, Health & Medicare Alliance of Queensland).
[239] Submission
No.46, p.12 (CHPE).
[240] Submission
No.46, Additional Information p.9 (CHPE).
[241] Committee Hansard, 21.3.00, p.323. See
also Submission No.20, p.14 (DRS).
[242] CHERE,
Discussion Paper 3, p.7.
[243] Submission
No.63, p.30 (AHA, WHA, AAPTC).
[244] Submission
No.63, p.29 (AHA, WHA, AAPTC).
[245] Committee Hansard, 11.11.99, p.60 (Qld
Government).
[246] AIHW,
Health expenditure bulletin, No.15:
Australia’s health services expenditure to 1997-98, p.12.
[247] Submission
No.79, p.20 (NSW Government).
[248] Committee Hansard, 23.2.00, p.155 (South
Australian Minister for Human Services).
[249] Submission
No.46, p.13 (CHPE). See also Submission No.63, p.30 (AHA, WHA, AAPTC).
[250] Submission
No.79, pp.21-22 (NSW Government).
[251] Submission
No.46, p.18 (CHPE).
[252] Submission
No.46, Additional information, p.9 (CHPE).
[253] Committee Hansard, 20.1.00, pp.750-51
(Professor Barclay).
[254] Submission
No.63, pp.29-30 (AHA, WHA, AAPTC).
[255] Committee Hansard, 20.11.00, p.755
(Australian Healthcare Association).
[256] Submission
No.22, p.8 (Professor Hindle).
[257] Committee Hansard, 21.3.00, p.323
(Professor Hindle).
[258] Duckett,
SJ and Jackson, TJ, ‘The new health insurance rebate: an inefficient way of
assisting public hospitals’, The Medical
Journal of Australia, 172, pp. 439-42.
[259] Submission
No.63, p.30 (AHA, WHA, AAPTC).
[260] Messenger,
A, ‘Rebate reprieve for private hospitals’, Australian
Medicine, 4-18 January 1999, p.14.
[261] The Sydney Morning Herald, 28.8.00.
[262] Committee Hansard, 11.11.99, p.131
(AHIA).
[263] Submission
No.16, p.10 (QNU); Submission No.20, p.15 (DRS); Submission No.63, p.30 (AHA,
WHA, AAPTC).
[264] Submission
No.41, p.27 (Queensland Government); Submission No.66, p.27 (National Rural
Health Alliance).
[265] Australian
Bureau of Statistics, 1998, Health
Insurance Survey, p.6.
[266] CHERE,
Discussion Paper 3: Key Issues, p.8.
[267] See
for example Submission No.20, p.16 (DRS); Submission No.63, p.31 (AHA, WHA,
AAPTC).
[268] Submission
No.17, p.8 (Public Hospitals, Health & Medicare Alliance of Qld);
Submission No.41, p.27 (Queensland Government); Submission No.89, p.10 (AMA
(NT)); Committee Hansard, 11.11.99,
p.122 (National Rural Health Alliance).
[269] Submission
No.89, p.10 (AMA (NT). See also Committee
Hansard, 22.3.00, p.474 (Queensland Minister for Health).
[270] Submission
No.17, p.8 (Public Hospitals, Health & Medicare Alliance of Qld);
Submission No.26, p.2 (Medical Consumers Association of NSW);. Submission
No.39, p.7 (ANF); Submission No.65, p.12 (ANF(SA)).
[271] This
figure represents the percentage increase in the public hospital budget that
would have occurred. As the marginal cost of hospital care is significantly
less than the average cost, the increase in capacity would have significantly
exceeded 14 per cent.
[272] Submission
No.46, pp.13-14 (CHPE).
[273] Submission
No.22, p.4 (Professor Hindle).
[274] Committee Hansard, 23.3.00, pp.509-10
(Victorian Minister for Health).
[275] Submission
No.20, p.14 (DRS).
[276] Submission
No.38, p.31 (DHAC).
[277] House
of Representatives, Debates,
12.11.98, p.265.
[278] See
for example, Submission No.20, p.15 (DRS); Submission No.45, p.24 (RACP);
Submission No.63, p.31 (AHA, WHA, AAPTC).
[279] Committee Hansard, 11.11.99, p.61
(Queensland Health).
[280] Submission
No.60, p.24 (SA Government).
[281] Submission
No.63, p.31 (AHA, WHA, AAPTC).
[282] Senate,
Debates, 27.9.99, p.8939.
[283] Productivity
Commission 1999, Private Hospitals in
Australia, Commission Research Paper, AusInfo, Canberra, 1999; Australian
Competition & Consumer Commission, Report
to the Australian Senate on anti-competitive and other practices by health
funds and providers in relation to private health insurance, ACCC,
Canberra, 1999.
[284] Australian
Institute of Health and Welfare, Australian
hospital statistics 1998-99, AIHW cat. No. HSE 11, Canberra, 2000, p.27.
[285] Australian
Bureau of Statistics, Private Hospitals
Australia 1999-00, June 2000, p.27, Table 3.1.
[286] Productivity
Commission, p.30.
[287] ACCC,
p.63.
[288] The Sydney Morning Herald, ‘Four private
hospitals go into receivership, and there’s more on the critical list’, 6.9.00.
[289] ACCC,
p.63.
[290] Productivity
Commission, p.22.
[291] Productivity
Commission, p.xii.
[292] Productivity
Commission, p.9.
[293] Submission
No.38, p.37 (DHAC).
[294] Submission
No.18, p.7 (APHA).
[295] Submission
No.38, p.34 (DHAC); Submission No.63, p.29 (AHA, WHA & AAPTC).
[296] Submission
No.44, p.3 (Mayne Nickless Limited).
[297] Submission
No.41, p.31 (Queensland Government).
[298] Productivity
Commission, p.8.
[299] Productivity
Commission, pp. 6-7.
[300] Productivity
Commission, p.5.
[301] Submission
No.41, p.30 (Queensland Government).
[302] Committee Hansard, 25.2.00, pp.278-9
(Health Department Western Australia).
[303] Submission
No.38, p.37 (DHAC); Productivity Commission, p.5.
[304] Committee Hansard, 22.3.00, p.429 (QNU).
[305] CHERE,
Discussion Paper 3: Key Issues, p.12.
[306] Submission
No.37, p.5 (Barwon Health).
[307] Submission
No.63, p.36 (AHA, WHA, AAPTC).
[308] Submission
No.56, p.21 (Catholic Health Australia).
[309] Submission
No.45, p.26 (RACP, ACA, HIC).
[310] CHERE,
Discussion Paper No.3: Key Issues, p.11.
[311] Submission
No.17, p.9 (Public Hospitals, Health & Medicare Alliance of Qld);
Submission No.20, p.17 (DRS); Submission No.45, p.28 (RACP, ACA, HIC).
[312] Committee Hansard, 21.3.00, p.371
(RACP).
[313] Duckett,
SJ, Jackson, TJ, The new health insurance rebate: an inefficient way of assisting
public hospitals, The Medical Journal of
Australia, Vol 172, May 2000, pp.439-42.
[314] Duckett
and Jackson, p.442.
[315] Submission
No.46, p.16 (CHPE).
[316] Committee Hansard, 23.3.00, p.597-98
(CHPE).
[317] Submission
No.46, p.17 (CHPE).
[318] Submission
No.46, p.16 (CHPE).
[319] Submission
No.46, p.18 (CHPE).
[320] See
for example, Submission No.64, p.7 (Australian Midwifery Action Project);
Submission No.75, p.10 (Australian College of Midwives (Vic)).
[321] Australian
Institute of Health and Welfare, Australia’s
Mothers and Babies 1995, 1998, p.17.
[322] Submission
No.75, p.10 (Australian College of Midwives (Vic)). See also Committee Hansard, 20.11.00, p.750
(Centre for Family Health and Midwifery).
[323] Submission
No.37, p.4 (Barwon Health).
[324] Productivity
Commission, pp.45-58.
[325] Submission
No.41, Additional Information, p.2 (Queensland Government).
[326] CHERE,
Discussion Paper 3, p.12; Collyer, F, ‘Privatisation and the Public Purse: The
Port Macquarie Base Hospital’, Just
Policy, No.10, July 1997.
[327] Submission
No.41, pp.30-1 (Queensland Government).
[328] Submission
No.63, pp.33-4 (AHA, WHA, AAPTC).
[329] Submission
No.28, p.4 (RACS).
[330] See
for example, Submission No.49 p.1 (Faculty of Medicine, Monash University). See
also Submission No.61, p.18 (Australian Physiotherapy Association).
[331] Committee Hansard, 23.2.00, p.541
(Australian College of Health Service Executives).
[332] Submission
No.20, p.16 (DRS); see also Committee
Hansard, 21.3.00, p.371 (RACP); Committee
Hansard, 23.3.00, p.496 (Committee of Presidents of Medical Colleges), Committee Hansard, 23.3.00, p.541
(Australian College of Health Service Executives).
[333] Submission
No.28, p.4 (RACS); Committee Hansard,
23.2.00, pp.147-48 (Professor Roberton).
[334] Submission
No.45, p.28 (RACP, ACA, HIC).
[335] Committee Hansard, 23.2.00, p.148
(Professor Roberton).
[336] Submission
No.63, Additional information, p.5 (AHA). See also Brooks, P. ‘Privatisation of
teaching hospitals’, Medical Journal of
Australia, 1999;Vol 170, pp.321-22.
[337] Submission
No.45, p.27 (RACP, ACA, HIC).
[338] Committee Hansard, 23.3.00, p.537 (ANF
(Vic)).
[339] Submission
No.65, p.13 (ANF (SA)); Committee
Hansard, 23.2.00, p.175 (ANF(SA)).
[340] Submission
No.72, p.28 (Consumers’ Health Forum of Australia). See also Submission No.45,
p.28 (RACP, ACA, HIC).
[341] Submission
No.16, p.13 (QNU).
[342] See
for example, Committee Hansard,
22.3.00, p.433 (QNU).
[343] Submission
No.27, p.3 (AMA Vic).
[344] Submission
No.63, p.35 (AHA, WHA, AAPTC).
[345] Submission
No.56, p.21 (Catholic Health Australia). See also Committee Hansard, 23.2.00, p.158 (SA Minister for Human Services).
[346] Submission
No.16, p.12 (QNU); Submission No.39, p.6 (ANF); Submission No.72, p.28
(Consumers’ Health Forum of Australia); Committee
Hansard, 21.3.00, p.373-74 (RACP).
[347] Submission
No.26, p.3 (Medical Consumers Association of NSW); Submission No.65, p.13 (ANF
(SA)).
[348] Submission
No.65, p.13 (ANF (SA)).
[349] Submission
No.38, p.36 (DHAC).
[350] Submission
No.45, pp.28-9 (RACP, ACA, HIC).
[351] Submission
No.45, p.29 (RACP, ACA, HIC).
[352] Submission
No.38, p.38 (DHAC).
[353] Submission
No.18, p.8 (APHA); Submission No.27, p.3 (AMA (Vic)); Submission No.37, p.5
(Barwon Health); Submission No.55, p.29 (AHIA); Submission No.86, p.3
(Australian Association of Surgeons).
[354] Submission
No.18, p.8 (APHA).
[355] Productivity
Commission, p.92.
[356] Submission
No.32, p.2 (Dr G Masters); Submission No.38, p.38 (DHAC); Submission No.41,
p.31 (Qld Government); Submission No.63, pp.34-5 (AHA, WHA & AAPTC); Committee Hansard, 11.11.99, p.100
(Australian Association of Paediatric Teaching Centres); Productivity
Commission, p.9.
[357] Committee Hansard, 23.3.00, pp.563-54
(Barwon Health).
[358] Submission
No.17, p.10 (Public Hospitals, Health and Medicare Alliance of Queensland).
[359] Submission
No.38, p.37 (DHAC).
[360] Productivity
Commission, p.9.
[361] Submission
No.38, p.38 (DHAC).
[362] Submission
No.65, p.14 (ANF (SA))
[363] Submission
No.38 p.37 (DHAC).
[364] Committee Hansard, 23.3.00, p.597
(Professor J Richardson)
[365] Productivity
Commission, p.114.
[366] Quoted
by the Productivity Commission, p.114.
[367] Taskforce
on Quality in Australian Health Care, Final
Report, June 1996.
[368] Committee Hansard, 21.3.00, p.334 (Dr
O’Connor); Committee Hansard,
21.3.00, p.369 (RACP).
[369] For
further details see DHAC, The Quality of
Australian Health Care: Current Issues and Future Directions, Occasional
Paper, Health Financing Series, Volume 6, 2000, pp.3-4.
[370] Submission
No.6, p.3 (Dr Wilson).
[371] Submission
No.6, p.4 (Dr Wilson).
[372] Submission
No.6, pp.3-4 (Dr Wilson).
[373] Wilson,
L and Goldschmidt, P, Quality Management
in Health Care, Sydney, McGraw-Hill, 1995, p.xli.
[374] Wilson,
R et al, ‘The Quality in Australian
Health Care Study’, Medical Journal of
Australia, Vol.163, 6 November 1995, pp.458-71(referred to as QAHCS). The
study reviewed the medical records of over 14 000 admissions to 28
hospitals in NSW and South Australia in 1992.
[375] QAHCS,
p.461.
[376] QAHCS,
p.459.
[377] QAHCS,
p.465.
[378] QAHCS,
p.459.
[379] QAHCS,
p.465.
[380] O’Hara,
D and Carson, N, ‘Reporting of adverse events in hospitals in Victoria,
1994-1995’, Medical Journal of Australia, Vol.166, 5 May
1997, p.460.
[381] Wilson,
R and Harrison, B, ‘Are we committed to improving the safety of health care?’, Medical Journal of Australia, Vol.166, 5 May 1997, p.452.
[382] Taskforce
on Quality in Australian Health Care, Final
Report, Appendix 7.
[383] National
Expert Advisory Group on Safety and Quality in Australian Health Care, Interim Report, July 1998.
[384] QAHCS,
p.470.
[385] http://www.achs.org.au/open/abou01.htm
[386] AIHW,
Australia’s Health 1998, Canberra,
1998, p.210; Submission No.16, p.17 (QNU); Submission No.63, p.40 (AHA, WHA,
AAPTC).
[387] AIHW,
Australia’s Health 2000, Canberra,
2000, pp.325-26.
[388] Submission
No.63, p.41 (AHA, WHA & AAPTC).
[389] Submission
No.38, p.47 (DHAC).
[390] ACSQHC,
Terms of Reference.
[391] http://www.health.gov.au/hsdd/nhpq/quality/natsafet.htm
[392] http://www.health.gov.au/hsdd/nhpq/consumer/concolab.htm
[393] http://nrccph.latrobe.edu.au
[394] http://www.health.gov.au/hsdd/nhpq/quality/3quality.htm
[395] Submission
No.38, pp. 26-27, 53-55 (DHAC). See also DHAC, The Quality of Australian Health Care, Occasional Paper, pp.21-2,
43-61; www.health.gov.au/healthonline
[396] Submission
No.38, p.7 (DHAC); DHAC, Occasional Paper, p.46.
[397] Submission
No.41, pp.36-37 (Queensland Government); Additional Information, 10.12.99
(Queensland Government).
[398] Submission
No.79, p.23 (NSW Government).
[399] Submission
No.60, p.30 (SA Government).
[400] Submission
No.67, p.10 (Tasmanian Government).
[401] Submission
No.45, p.30 (RACP, HIC & ACA). See also Submission No.53, p.5 (Professor
Duggan); Submission No.32, p.2 (Dr Masters).
[402] Submission
No.72, p.33 (CHF). See also Committee
Hansard, 20.11.00, pp.787-59 (Professor Richardson).
[403] Submission
No.6, p.1 (Dr Wilson).
[404] Submission
No.6, p.1 (Dr Wilson).
[405] Submission
No.38, p.47 (DHAC).
[406] National
Expert Advisory Group on Safety and Quality in Australian Health Care, Implementing Safety and Quality Enhancement
in Health Care, Final Report, July 1999, (referred to as the Expert Group
report), p.22.
[407] ACSQHC,
Terms of Reference.
[408] Expert
Group report, p.20.
[409] Minister
for Health and Aged Care, Media Release,
21 January 2000, p.1.
[410] ACSQHC,
Press Release, 18 February 2000.
[411] Health
and Aged Care Portfolio, Portfolio Budget
Statements 2000-01, p.243.
[412] Australian
Council for Safety and Quality in Health Care, Safety First: Report to the Australian Health Ministers’ Conference,
July 2000, p.6.
[413] Submission
No.45, p.31 (RACP, HIC, ACA); Submission No.72, p.34 (CHF); Submission No.47,
p.38 (AMA).
[414] Committee Hansard, 23.3.00, p.491
(CPMC).
[415] Submission
No.47, p.38 (AMA).
[416] Submission
No.46, p.23 (CHPE).
[417] Expert
Group report, p.23.
[418] Committee Hansard, 23.3.00, p.601
(Professor Richardson).
[419] Committee Hansard, 23.2.00, p.197
(SASMOA).
[420] Committee Hansard, 21.3.00, pp.312-13
(Dr Wilson).
[421] Expert
Group report, p.21.
[422] Committee Hansard, 11.11.99, p.111
(AHA).
[423] Committee Hansard, 11.11.99, p.111
(AHA).
[424] Expert
Group report, p.23.
[425] ACSQHC,
Press Release, 18 February 2000.
[426] Australian
Health Ministers’ Conference, ‘$50 million plan to improve safety and quality
in health care’, Media Release, 31
July 2000.
[427] Australian
Council for Safety and Quality in Health Care, Safety First, p.1.
[428] Submission
No.55, p.29 (AHIA).
[429] Australian
Council for Safety and Quality in Health Care, Safety First, pp.1-9; The National Academies Institute of Medicine, To Err is Human: Building a Safer Health
System, Washington D.C., National Academy Press, 2000.
[430] U.S.
President Bill Clinton, Office of the Press Secretary, The White House, 22
February 2000.
[431] The
National Academies Institute of Medicine, To
Err is Human, Executive Summary, p.9.
[432] US
President Bill Clinton, Office of the Press Secretary, The White House, 22
February 2000.
[433] Expert
Group report, p.11.
[434] Submission
No.41, p.36 (Queensland Government).
[435] Expert
Group report, p.11.
[436] Submission
No.63, p.42 (AHA, WHA, AAPTC); Submission No.55, p.29 (AHIA); Submission No.72,
p.34 (CHF).
[437] Expert
Group report, p.12.
[438] ACSQHC,
Press Release, 18 February 2000.
[439] Submission
No.40, p.6 (CPMC).
[440] QAHCS,
p.471.
[441] Committee Hansard, 21.3.00, pp.318-19
(Dr Wilson). See also Submission No.32, p.2 (Dr Masters).
[442] Submission
No.6, p.9 (Dr Wilson).
[443] Submission
No.40, p.6 (CPMC).
[444] Submission
No.40, p.6 (CPMC).
[445] Australian
Council for Safety and Quality in Health Care, Safety First, p.3.
[446] Submission
No.46, pp.22-24 (CHPE). See also Submission No.53, p.5 (Professor Duggan).
[447] Committee Hansard, 20.11.00, p.783
(Professor Richardson). See also Committee
Hansard, 20.11.00, p.795 (Dr Braithwaite).
[448] Committee Hansard, 21.03.00, p.311 (Dr
Wilson).
[449] Submission
No.55, p.29 (AHIA).
[450] Submission
No.18, p.9 (APHA).
[451] Submission
No.46, p.24 (CHPE).
[452] Submission
No.6, pp.8-9 (Dr Wilson).
[453] Submission
No.46, p.24 (CHPE). See also Committee
Hansard, 20.11.00, p.785 (Professor Richardson).
[454] Submission
No.46, p.24 (CHPE).
[455] Submission
No.63, pp.40-41 (AHA, WHA, AAPTC).
[456] Submission
No.16, p.18 (QNU).
[457] Submission
No.62, p.5 (ACHSE).
[458] Submission
No.62, p.5 (ACHSE).
[459] Committee Hansard, 11.11.99, p.111
(AHA).
[460] Submission
No.63, p.41 (AHA, WHA, AAPTC).
[461] Submission
No.39, p.8 (ANF).
[462] Submission
No.63, p.41 (AHA).
[463] Submission
No.22, p.5 (Professor Hindle).
[464] Submission
No.63, p.41 (AHA, WHA, AAPTC).
[465] Expert
Group report, p.14.
[466] Submission
No.62, p.4 (ACHSE).
[467] Submission
No.86, p.4 (AAS).
[468] Submission
No.20, p.19 (DRS). See also Submission No.60, p.30 (SA Government).
[469] Expert
Group report, p.17.
[470] ACSQHC,
Press Release, 18.2.00.
[471] Submission
No.45, p.31 (RACP, HIC, ACA); Committee
Hansard, 21.3.00, pp.336-37 (Professor Hindle).
[472] Expert
Group report, p.47.
[473] NHMRC,
A guide to the development,
implementation and evaluation of clinical practice guidelines, 1999, p.9.
[474] Expert
Group report, p.7; Rubin, G et al,
‘Getting new evidence into medicine’, Medical
Journal of Australia, Vol.172,
21 February 2000, p.182.
[475] NHMRC
report, p.9.
[476] NHMRC
report, p.9.
[477] NHMRC
report, p.39.
[478] Submission
No.45, pp.31-32 (RACP, HIC, ACA). See also Committee
Hansard, 21.3.00, pp.378,380 (RACP).
[479] Submission
No.22, Additional Information, 12.4.00, pp.36, 40 (Professor Hindle).
[480] Committee Hansard, 21.3.00, pp.336-7
(Professor Hindle).
[481] Submission
No.22, Additional Information, 12.4.00, pp.36,40 (Professor Hindle).
[482] Expert
Group report, p.8.
[483] Submission
No. 46, Additional Information, 15.3.00 (CHPE). See also Committee Hansard, 20.11.00, p.784 (Professor Richardson).
[484] NSW
Health Council, A Better Health System
for NSW, (Chairman: Mr John Menadue), March 2000, p.69.
[485] NHMRC
report, p.12.
[486] Rubin,
G et al, ‘Getting new evidence into
medicine’, Medical Journal of Australia,
Vol.172, 21 February 2000, p.182. See also Phillips, P et al, ‘Evidence for evidence-based medicine at the coalface’, Medical Journal of Australia, Vol.172,
20 March 2000, pp.259-260.
[487] Submission
No.38, p.48 (DHAC).
[488] Committee Hansard, 21.3.00, p.381
(Professor Cameron).
[489] Committee Hansard, 23.3.00, p.500
(Professor Phelan).
[490] Committee Hansard, 20.11.00, p.765
(CHF).
[491] Submission
No.72, p.34 (CHF).
[492] Submission
No.45, p.14 (RACP, HIC, ACA). See also Submission No.7, p.4-5 (Health
Consumers’ Council WA).
[493] Expert
Group report, p.7. See also Submission No.26, p.4 (Medical Consumers
Association of NSW); Submission No.4, p.2 (Hunter Urban Network for Consumers
of Healthcare).
[494] Submission
No.38, p.54 (DHAC).
[495] http://nrccph.latrobe.edu.au/aboutus.htm
[496] Submission
No.38, p.54 (DHAC).
[497] NSW
Government, Working as a Team - the Way
Forward, p.4.
[498] Menadue
report, pp.73-76.
[499] NSW
Government, Working as a Team - the Way
Forward, p.4.
[500] Submission
No.7, p.4 (Health Consumers’ Council WA).
[501] Submission
No.72, pp.29-30 (CHF).
[502] Submission
No.47, p.39 (AMA); Submission No.27, pp.4-7 (AMA -Victoria).
[503] Committee Hansard, 11.11.99, p.94 (AMA).
[504] Submission
No.27, p.7 (AMA -Victoria).
[505] Committee Hansard, 11.11.99, p.95 (AMA).
[506] Committee Hansard, 11.11.99, p.95 (AMA).
[507] Submission
No.45, p.14 (RACP, HIC, ACA); Submission No.63, p.42 (AHA, WHA, AAPTC).
[508] Submission
No.46, p.21 (CHPE).
[509] Submission
No.38, p.45 (DHAC).
[510] Expert
Group report, p.13.
[511] Submission
No.38, p.44 (DHAC).
[512] National
Health Ministers’ Benchmarking Working Group, Third National Report on Health Sector Performance Indicators, June
1999, pp.6, 72.
[513] Benchmarking
report, p.27. See also National Health Performance Committee, Fourth National Report on Health Sector
Performance Indicators, July 2000, pp.57-62.
[514] Committee Hansard, 22.3.00, pp.438-39
(QNU).
[515] Benchmarking
report, p.66. See also National Health Performance Committee, Fourth National Report, p.2.
[516] Submission
No.79, p.23 (NSW Government).
[517] Menadue
report, p.72.
[518] NSW
Government, Working as a Team - the Way
Forward, p.4.
[519] Victorian
Minister for Health, Media Release,
16 May 2000.
[520] Submission
No.38, pp.41-42 (DHAC).
[521] Submission
No.38, pp.42, 51 (DHAC).
[522] Senate
Community Affairs References Committee, First
Report: public hospital funding and options for reform, July 2000, p.65.
[523] Submission
No.38, pp.40-45 (Department of Health and Aged Care).
[524] Australian
Institute of Health and Welfare and Australian Health Ministers’ Advisory
Council, National Health Information
Development Plan, Canberra, AGPS, 1995, p.11.
[525] National
Health Data Committee, National Health
Data Dictionary, version 8, Canberra, Australian Institute of Health and
Welfare, 1999, p.xvii.
[526] Submission
No.38, p.40 (DHAC).
[527] The
National Hospital Morbidity (Casemix) Database contains about 33 million
de-identified records, each of which consists of a mix of demographic items
(such as age and sex), administrative items (such as insurance status) and
clinical items (such as diagnoses and procedures). The database contains data
on public and private hospital activity since 1991-92. The database and annual
reports on hospital morbidity can be found at this web address: http://www.health.gov.au/casemix/nhmdb1.htm
[528] The
National Health Performance Committee has replaced the former National Health
Ministers Benchmarking Working Group, which produced three reports on
benchmarking and performance measurement in the health sector. These reports
are available at this web address: http://www.health.gov.au/hsdd/nhpq/pubs/pquality.htm
The National Health Performance Committee will have a broad focus across the
whole health sector, including community health, general practice and public
health (Submission No.38, p.44, DHAC).
[529] Submission
No.38, p.40 (DHAC).
[530] Submission
No.38, p.42 (DHAC).
[531] A comprehensive
listing of websites and online reports relevant to public and private hospitals
is available from this Parliamentary Library Electronic Brief: https://www.aph.gov.au/library/intguide/SP/hospitals.htm
[532] Submission
No.22, p.5 (Professor Don Hindle).
[533] Submission
No.60, p.28 (South Australian Government).
[534] Submission
No.38, p.45 (DHAC).
[535] Submission
No.72, p.29 (Consumers’ Health Forum).
[536] Committee Hansard, 22.3.00, p.479
(Queensland Government).
[537] Submission
No.78, p.4 (Northern Territory Shadow Minister for Health).
[538] Submission
No.60, p.27 (South Australian Government).
[539] Submission
No.45, p.30 (Royal Australasian College of Physicians, Health Issues Centre and
Australian Consumers’, Association).
[540] Submission
No.62, p.4 (Australian College of Health Service Executives).
[541] Submission
No.66, p.28 (National Rural Health Alliance).
[542] Committee Hansard, 23.3.00, p.588
(Centre for Health Program Evaluation).
[543] Submission
No.52, p.7 (Society of Hospital Pharmacists of Australia).
[544] Committee Hansard, 21.3.00, p.309
(Society of Hospital Pharmacists of Australia).
[545] Committee Hansard, 23.3.00, p.573
(National Allied Health Casemix Committee).
[546] Submission
No.61, p.19 (Australian Physiotherapy Association).
[547] Submission
No.61, p.19 (Australian Physiotherapy Association).
[548] Submission
No.41, p.34 (Queensland Government).
[549] Submission
No.38, p.42 (DHAC).
[550] Submission
No.38, pp.42-3 (DHAC).
[551] Submission
No.38, p.43 (DHAC).
[552] Submission
No.38, p.43 (DHAC).
[553] Details
of the report are as follows: National Allied Health Casemix Committee, Report on the Development of Allied Health
Indicators for Intervention (IFI) and Performance Indicators (PI) and Revisions
of Allied Health-sensitive ICD-10-AM codes for inclusion in ICD-10-AM, Edition
two, January 2000.
[554] Committee Hansard, 23.3.00, p.572
(National Allied Health Casemix Committee).
[555] Committee Hansard, 23.3.00, p.579
(National Allied Health Casemix Committee).
[556] Australian
Institute of Health and Welfare, ‘Elective surgery waiting times presented in
new report’, Media Release, 16 June
2000.
[557] Submission
No.38, p.43 (DHAC).
[558] Submission
No.38, p.43 (DHAC).
[559] Submission
No.72, p.29 (Consumers’ Health Forum).
[560] Submission
No.72, p.29 (Consumers’ Health Forum).
[561] Submission
No.72, p.31 (Consumers’ Health Forum).
[562] Committee Hansard, 21.3.00, p.328 (Dr
O’Connor).
[563] Committee Hansard, 21.3.00, p.328 (Dr
O’Connor).
[564] The
Australian Association of Paediatric Teaching Centres is now known as
Children’s Hospitals and Paediatric Units Australasia, or Children’s Hospitals
Australasia for short (Committee Hansard,
18.8.00, p.703).
[565] Submission
No.63, p.38 (AHA, WHA, AAPTC).
[566] Committee Hansard, 23.2.00, p.195 (South
Australian Salaried Medical Officers Association).
[567] Submission
No. 38, p.45 (DHAC).
[568] Committee Hansard, 11.11.99, p.108 (Australian
Healthcare Association).
[569] Committee Hansard, 23.3.00, p.573
(National Allied Health Casemix Committee).
[570] The
National Health Development Fund has been established under the AHCAs to fund
‘projects that improve: patient outcomes; efficiency and effectiveness, or
reduce the demand for public hospital services; and integration of care between
public hospital services and broader health and community care services’.
Approximately $253 million is available through the fund over the five years of
the AHCAs (Submission No.38, p.7, DHAC).
[571] Submission
No.41, p.34 (Queensland Government).
[572] Submission
No.72, p.31 (CHF).
[573] Submission
No.72, pp.30-31 (CHF).
[574] Metropolitan
Health Service Board, Annual Report
1997-98, Perth, 1998, pp.106-109.
[575] Committee Hansard, 21.3.00, p.327 (Dr
O’Connor).
[576] Submission
No.38, p.44 (DHAC).
[577] Submission
No.75, p.10 (Australian College of Midwives Inc-Victorian Branch).
[578] Submission
No.38, p.44 (DHAC).
[579] Boyce,
et al, Quality and Outcome Indicators for Acute Healthcare Services, 1997,
quoted in Submission No.38, p.44 (DHAC).
[580] Submission
No.38, p.54 (DHAC).
[581] Submission
No.63, p.37 (AHA, WHA, AAPTC).
[582] Submission
No.37, p.5 (Barwon Health). See also Submission No.45, p.31 (RACP, HIC, ACA).
[583] Submission
No.40, p.1 (CPMC).
[584] Submission
No.40, p.1 (CPMC).
[585] Expert
Group report, p.16.
[586] Committee Hansard, 23.3.00, p.544
(ACHSE); Committee Hansard, 23.3.00,
p.499 (Professor Phelan).
[587] NSW
Health Council, A Better Health System
for NSW, March 2000 (Chairman: Mr
John Menadue), p.23.
[588] Committee Hansard, 23.3.00, p.499
(Professor Phelan).
[589] NHIMAC
report, p.27.
[590] Submission
No.40, Additional Information, 24.3.00 (CPMC).
[591] Submission
No.40, Additional Information, 24.3.00 (CPMC).
[592] NHIMAC
report, p.28.
[593] NHIMAC
report, p.28.
[594] Submission
No.40, Additional Information, 24.3.00 (CPMC).
[595] Minister
for Health and Aged Care, ‘Health Ministers give green light to national health
information network’, Media Release,
31 July 2000.
[596] National
Electronic Health Records Taskforce, A
Health Information Network for Australia: report to Health Ministers,
Canberra, Commonwealth Department of Health and Aged Care, 2000. HINA means
Health Information Network Australia, the Taskforce’s working title for a
national health information network. The announcement by Health Ministers
giving their support to the development of such a network noted that the
network is to be called HealthConnect.
[597] House
of representatives, Debates, 6
September 2000, p.18223.
[598] NSW
Health Council report, p.25.
[599] NHIMAC
report, p.52.
[600] NHIMAC
report, p.52.
[601] NSW
Health Council report, p.24.
[602] NSW
Health Council report, pp.23-24, 27.
[603] NHIMAC
report, p.53.
[604] NHIMAC
report, pp.56-57.
[605] National
Electronic Health Records Taskforce report, p.vi.
[606] Minister
for Health and Aged Care, ‘Health Ministers give green light to national health
information network’, Media Release,
31 July 2000.
[607] Minister
for Health and Aged Care, ‘Electronic medication records a boon for consumer
safety-Health Ministers’, Media Release,
31 July 2000.
[608] NHIMAC
report, pp.53, 56.
[609] NHIMAC
report, p.53.
[610] NSW
Health Council report, p.23.
[611] NSW
Health Council report, p.24.
[612] NSW
Health Council report, p.25.
[613] NHIMAC
report, p.20.
[614] Carter
M, ‘Integrated electronic health records and patient privacy: possible benefits
but real dangers’, Medical Journal of
Australia, Vol. 172, 2000, p.28. See also Mount C et al., ‘An integrated electronic health record and information
system for Australia?’, Medical Journal
of Australia, Vol.172, 2000, pp.25-27.
[615] NHIMAC
report, p.21.
[616] See
House of Representatives Standing Committee on Legal and Constitutional
Affairs, Advisory Report on the Privacy
Amendment (Private Sector) Bill 2000, June 2000, pp.65-66.
[617] NHIMAC
report, p.22.
[618] NHIMAC
report, pp.22-23.
[619] NHIMAC
report, pp.22-25.
[620] Minister
for Health and Aged Care, ‘Health Ministers give green light to national health
information network’, Media Release,
31 July 2000.
[621] Australian
Medical Association, ‘AMA warns: Medicare numbers the new “Australia Card”‘, Media Release, 13 September 2000.
[622] House
of Representatives, Debates, 6.9.00,
p.18223.