Aboriginal Deaths in Custody


Standing Committee on Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Affairs

Inquiry History

The Royal Commission into Aboriginal deaths in custody was established in October 1987. The Final Report of the Royal Commission was released in April 1991. It contained 339 recommendations covering a wide range of issues including measures to divert people from custody, strategies to address alcohol and substance abuse, self-determination, police-Aboriginal relations and improving the criminal justice system. The National Report comprised five volumes and was accompanied by a series of volumes of regional reports. There were also 99 individual death reports.

The state, territory and federal governments responded to the Royal Commission's report in March 1992 and outlined the steps to be taken to implement the recommendations accepted by the governments. The response by governments was developed by a Joint Ministerial Forum of Commonwealth, State and Territory Ministers with responsibility for responding to the Report of the Royal Commission. [Note: A response from Tasmania was not included in the initial response by governments as it was unavailable at the time].

In October 1992 the Commonwealth Government published Response to the Recommendations of the Royal Commission into Aboriginal Deaths in Custody – Commonwealth Funded Initiatives. This booklet outlined the specific program allocations, the responsible Government agencies and the actions which had been taken and which were planned to implement the responses to the Royal Commission's recommendations. The booklet detailed the amounts of money to be provided in each financial year from 1992/93 to 1996/97 to implement the recommendations of the Royal Commission. It is not clear whether implementing the recommendations will continue to be funded and monitored once the five year period has elapsed.

The Implementation of Commonwealth Government Responses to the Recommendations of the Royal Commission into Aboriginal Deaths in Custody – 1992-93 Interim Reportwas released in September 1993. The Interim Report was the first step in documenting progress made by the Commonwealth Government in implementing its responses to the Royal Commission recommendations. Since then, annual implementation reports of the Commonwealth, state and territory governments have been prepared (although they are sometimes very late). The state and territory reports have been tabled in the Federal Parliament following their tabling in the respective state and territory parliaments. The Commonwealth reports have been referred to the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Affairs Committee for examination by the relevant Minister for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Affairs.

The first complete Commonwealth report on implementation was tabled in the Parliament in March 1994. In December 1994 the Committee tabled its report on the examination of the Commonwealth report. It focussed on broad issues of diversion from custody. Since then the Commonwealth has tabled two more reports on the Implementation of the Commonwealth Government responses to the Recommendations of the Royal Commission into Aboriginal Deaths in Custody. The first covered 1994-95 and the second 1995-96. The Committee did not have time to conduct a thorough examination of the 1994-95 implementation report (tabled in June 1996) because of its other commitments. The 1995-96 implementation report was tabled in early 1997 and the fifth 1996-97 implementation report was tabled in November 1997.

Terms of reference

There are no formal terms of reference for the Committee's inquiry into the 1995-96 implementation report. Recommendation 1 of the Royal Commission report addressed ongoing monitoring of, and reporting on, implementation of the recommendations. In the Commonwealth Government's response to Recommendation 1 there was an undertaking to establish a Standing Group of representatives of all departments with responsibilities for implementing recommendations of the Royal Commission. The group was to coordinate preparation of an Annual Statement to be tabled in Parliament by the Minister for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Affairs. The statement was to be considered by the House of Representatives Standing Committee on Aboriginal Affairs (since renamed the HOR Standing Committee on Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Affairs.) [RCIADIC 1995-96 Report, p. 84]

The referral of the statement in response to Recommendation 1 has been extended to referral of the annual implementation report. The Minister, Senator the Hon John Herron included the following in his foreword to the last three annual implementation report:

In accordance with the undertaking given by the Commonwealth in its response to Recommendation 1 of the Royal Commission, I refer this report for consideration to the House of Representatives Standing Committee on Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Affairs.

Status of the inquiry

The Committee expects to release a statement on how it intents to review these reports in March 1998.