Chapter 1 - Introduction

[1]        Australian Beverages Council Ltd., Submission 22, p. 10.

[2]        Australian Bureau of Statistics, 4364.0.55.007 - Australian Health Survey: Nutrition First Results - Foods and Nutrients, 2011-12, available at: http://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/Lookup/by%20Subject/4364.0.55.007~2011-12~Main%20Features~Discretionary%20foods~700, accessed 22 November 2018.   

[3]        Australian Bureau of Statistics, 4364.0.55.011 - Australian Health Survey: Consumption of added sugars, 2011-12, available at: http://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/Lookup/by%20Subject/4364.0.55.011~2011-12~Main%20Features~Added%20Sugars%20and%20Free%20Sugars~7, accessed 22 November 2018.   

[4]        Australian Bureau of Statistics, 4364.0.55.003 - Australian Health Survey: Updated Results, 2011-2012, available at: http://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/Lookup/4364.0.55.003Glossary402011-2012, accessed 22 November 2018.   

[5]        See: Australian Taxpayers' Alliance, Submission 123, p. 2; The Grattan Institute, Submission 50, p. 8; Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, Submission 16,  Supplementary Submission, p. 9; The Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne, Submission 17, Attachment 1; Obesity Policy Coalition, Submission 135, p. 25.

[6]        World Health Organization, 'Obesity and overweight', available at: http://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/obesity-and-overweight, accessed 22 November 2018.

[7]        Obesity Policy Coalition, Overweight, obesity and chronic diseases in Australia, January 2018, p. 1.

[8]        Obesity Policy Coalition, Overweight, obesity and chronic diseases in Australia, January 2018, p. 2.

[9]        Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, A picture of overweight and obesity in Australia, 2017, p. vi.

[10]      Obesity Australia, Obesity: A national epidemic and its impact on Australia, 2014, p. 10.

[11]      Obesity Australia, Obesity: A national epidemic and its impact on Australia, 2014, p. 10.

[12]      Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, A picture of overweight and obesity in Australia, 2017, p. vii.

[13]      Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, A picture of overweight and obesity in Australia, 2017, p. 24.

[14]      Obesity Policy Coalition, Submission 135, p. 6.

[15]      Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, A picture of overweight and obesity in Australia, 2017, p. vi.

[16]      Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, A picture of overweight and obesity in Australia, 2017, p. 14.

[17]      World Health Organisation, Ending Childhood Obesity, 2016, p. vi.

[18]      Swinburne University of Technology, Submission 75, Supplementary Submission, p. 15.

[19]      Obesity Policy Coalition, Overweight, obesity and chronic diseases in Australia, January 2018, p. 2.

[20]      Australian Health Policy Collaboration, Submission 59, p. 8.

[21]      World Health Organisation, 'Why does childhood overweight and obesity matter?', http://www.who.int/dietphysicalactivity/childhood_consequences/en/, accessed 24 July 2018.

[22]      Dr Shirley Alexander, Staff Specialist and Head of Weight Management Services, The Children's Hospital, Westmead, Committee Hansard, Sydney, 6 August 2018, p. 2.

[23]      Dr Shirley Alexander, Staff Specialist and Head of Weight Management Services, The Children's Hospital, Westmead, Committee Hansard, Sydney, 6 August 2018, p. 2.

[24]      Dr Nicole Black, Senior Research Fellow, Centre for Health Economics, Monash University, Committee Hansard, Melbourne, 7 August 2018, p. 45.

[25]      Mrs Belinda Smith, Founder/Director, The Root Cause, Committee Hansard, Sydney, 6 August 2018, p.41.

[26]      Dr Seema Mihrshahi, Research Translation Coordinator and Senior Research Fellow, Centre of Research Excellence in the Early Prevention of Obesity in Childhood, Committee Hansard, Sydney, 6 August 2018, p. 5.

Chapter 2 - Language, Stigma

[1]        School of Social Sciences, University of Adelaide, Submission 52, p. 5.

[2]        Food Fairness Illawarra, Submission 27, Attachment 1, p. 12.

[3]        National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Research School of Population Health, Australian National University, Submission 29, p. 3.

[4]        Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists, Submission 30, p. 2.

[5]        Ms Sarah Harry, Board Member, Health at Every Size Australia, Committee Hansard, Melbourne, 7 August 2018, p. 42.

[6]        Dr Kathryn Williams, Clinical Lead and Manager, Nepean Family Metabolic Health Service, Committee Hansard, Sydney, 6 August 2018, p. 46­.

[7]        Nepean Family Obesity Service, Submission 18, p. 3.

[8]        International Health Economics Association, Economics of Obesity Special Interest Group, Submission 26, p. 6.

[9]        The Victorian Centre of Excellence in Eating Disorders, Submission 21, p. 3.

[10]      Professor Susan Sawyer, Director, Centre for Adolescent Health, The Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne, Committee Hansard, Melbourne, 7 August 2018, p. 20.

[11]      Ms Sally Badorrek, Clinical Dietician, Nepean Family Metabolic Health Service, Committee Hansard, Sydney, 6 August 2018, pp. 45-46.

[12]      Ms Sarah Harry, Board Member, Health at Every Size Australia, Committee Hansard, Melbourne, 7 August 2018, p. 42.

[13]      Dr Shirley Alexander, The Children's Hospital Westmead, Committee Hansard, Sydney, 6 August 2018, p. 4.

[14]      Associate Professor Jacqueline Boyle, Deputy Director and Obstetrician, Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, Committee Hansard, Melbourne, 7 August 2018, p. 19.

[15]      Mr Ahmad Aly, President, Australian and New Zealand Metabolic and Obesity Surgery Society, Committee Hansard, Melbourne, 7 August 2018, p. 26.

Chapter 3 - Obesity Strategy

[1]        Professor Steve Allender, Director, Global Obesity Centre, World Health Collaborating Centre for Obesity Prevention, Deakin University, Committee Hansard, Melbourne, 7 August 2018, p. 1.

[2]        Dr Tony Bartone, President, Australian Medical Association, Committee Hansard, Melbourne, 4 September 2018, p. 40.

[3]        Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Submission 58, p. 12.

[4]        Queensland Nurses and Midwives' Union, Submission 55, p. 3.

[5]        Council of Presidents of Medical Colleges, Submission 3, p. 2; Ms Jennifer Thompson, Submission 4, p. 5.

[6]        Consumers Health Forum of Australia, Submission 129, p. 4.

[7]        Mr Terry Slevin, Chief Executive Officer, Public Health Association of Australia, Committee Hansard, Melbourne, 4 September 2018, p. 21.

[8]        See for example: Australian Beverages Council, Submission 22, p. 52; Alan Barclay, Submission 36, p. 2; Australian Medical Association, Submission 126, p. 11.

[9]        NCDFREE, Submission 82, p. 2.

[10]      Medical Journal of Australia, Australia: the healthiest country by 2020, 17 November 2008, available at: https://www.mja.com.au/journal/2008/189/10/australia-healthiest-country-2020, accessed 22 November 2018.

[11]      Australian Government, 'Australian National Preventive Health Agency', 17 May 2018, https://www.directory.gov.au/portfolios/health/australian-national-preventive-health-agency, accessed 22 November 2018.

[12]      Heart Foundation, Submission 139, p. 7.

[13]      Obesity Policy Coalition, Submission 135, p. 14.

[14]      Council of Presidents of Medical Colleges, Submission 3, p. 2; Western Australian Cancer Prevention Research Unit, Submission 8, p. 2; Centre of Research Excellence in the Early Prevention of Obesity in Childhood, Submission 10, p. 9.

[15]      Obesity Policy Coalition, Tipping the Scales: Australian Obesity Prevention  Consensus, September 2017, available at: http://www.opc.org.au/what-we-do/tipping-the-scales, accessed 22 November 2018.

[16]      Mr Terry Slevin, Chief Executive Officer, Public Health Association of Australia, Committee Hansard, Melbourne, 4 September 2018, p. 21.  

[17]      Ms Katherine Silk, Integration and Innovation Manager, Australian Healthcare and Hospitals Association, Committee Hansard, Melbourne, 4 September 2018, p. 23.

[18]      EatforHealth.gov.au, Australian Dietary Guidelines, available at: https://www.eatforhealth.gov.au/, accessed 22 November 2018.

[19]      Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 'Food-based dietary guidelines – Australia', available at: http://www.fao.org/nutrition/education/food-based-dietary-guidelines/regions/countries/australia/en/, accessed 22 November 2018.

[20]      Dr Alan Barclay, private capacity, Committee Hansard, Sydney, 6 August 2018, p. 57.

Chapter 4 - Food labelling

[1]        See for example: Sugar By Half, Submission 48, p. 2; Nutrition Australia, Submission 61, p. 2.

[2]        Obesity Policy Coalition, Submission 135, p. 13.

[3]        Heart Foundation, Submission 139, p. 9.

[4]        Sugar By Half, Submission 48, p. 4.

[5]        Heart Foundation, Submission 139, p. 9.

[6]        See for example: Heart Foundation, Submission 139, p. 9; The Obesity Collective, Submission 70, pp. 7-8; Obesity Policy Coalition, Submission 135, pp.12-17.

[7]        Heart Foundation, Submission 139, p. 8.

[8]        See for example: Nepean Blue Mountains Family Obesity Service, Submission 18, p. 9; Ms Jennifer Thompson, Submission 4, p. 7; National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health at the ANU, Submission 29, p. 4; Sugar Free Smiles, Submission 31, p. 1; National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, The Research School of Population Health, Australian National University, Submission 29, p. 4.

[9]        Professor Greg Johnson, Chief Executive Officer, Diabetes Australia, Committee Hansard, Sydney, 6 August 2018, p. 20.

[10]      Health Star Rating System, 'About Health Star Ratings', http://healthstarrating.gov.au/internet/healthstarrating/publishing.nsf/Content/About-health-stars, accessed 22 November 2018.

[11]      Health Star Rating System, 'Acknowledgements', 6 December 2014, http://healthstarrating.gov.au/internet/healthstarrating/publishing.nsf/Content/Acknowledgements, accessed 22 November 2018.

[12]      Australian Beverages Council, Submission 22, p. 14.

[13]      Health Star Rating Advisory Committee, Submission 65, p. 1.

[14]      Health Star Rating Advisory Committee, Submission 65, p. 2.

[15]      The George Institute, Submission 104, Attachment 1, p. 3.

[16]      Health Star Rating System, 'About Health Star Ratings', http://healthstarrating.gov.au/internet/healthstarrating/publishing.nsf/Content/About-health-stars, accessed 22 November 2018.

[17]      Health Star Rating Advisory Committee, Submission 65, p. 2.

[18]      See for example: CHOICE, Submission 90, Supplementary Submission, p. 6; Cancer Council Australia, Submission 39, p. 4; Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Submission 46, p. 5; Obesity Policy Coalition, Submission 135, p. 11.

[19]      See for example: Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition at Deakin University, Submission 46, p. 5; Food Governance Node, Submission 58, p. 8; Mark Lawrence, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition and School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Submission 95, p. 2; Australian Chronic Disease Prevention Alliance, Submission 106, p. 10.

[20]      Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Submission 46, p. 5.

[21]      See for example: Obesity Policy Coalition, Submission 135, p. 11; The George Institute, Submission 104, Attachment 1, p. 2.

[22]      Obesity Policy Coalition, Submission 135, p. 11.

[23]      Ms Jane Martin, Executive Manager, Obesity Policy Coalition, Committee Hansard, Melbourne, 4 September 2018, p. 29.

[24]      Associate Professor Kevin Buckett, Deputy Chief Public Health Officer, SA Health, Committee Hansard, Melbourne, 7 August 2018, p. 65.

[25]      CHOICE, Submission 90, p. 3.

[26]      The George Institute, Submission 104, p. 1.

[27]      Associate Professor Kevin Buckett, Deputy Chief Public Health Officer, SA Health, Committee Hansard, Melbourne, 7 August 2018, p. 65.

[28]      See for example: Mr Steve Pratt, Nutrition and Physical Activity Manager, Cancer Council Western Australia, Committee Hansard, Sydney, 6 August 2018, p. 11; Ms Alexandra Jones, Research Fellow, Food Policy Division, The George Institute, Committee Hansard, Sydney, 6 August 2018, p. 24; Obesity Policy Coalition, Submission 135, p. 11.

[29]      Ms Alexandra Jones, Research Fellow, Food Policy Division, The George Institute, Committee Hansard, Sydney, 6 August 2018, p. 24.

[30]      Ms Alexandra Jones, Research Fellow, Food Policy Division, The George Institute, Committee Hansard, Sydney, 6 August 2018, p. 24.

[31]      Ms Margaret Stuart, Corporate and External Relations Manager, Nestlé Australia, Committee Hansard, Melbourne, 4 September 2018, p. 65.

[32]      Ms Katinka Day, Campaigns and Policy Team Lead, CHOICE, Committee Hansard, Sydney, 6 August 2018, p. 35.

[33]      Obesity Policy Coalition, Submission 135, p. 11.

[34]      Grains and Legumes Nutrition Council, Submission 72, p. 2.

[35]      The Root Cause, Submission 108, p. 6.

[36]      Obesity Policy Coalition, Submission 135, p. 4.

[37]      Obesity Policy Coalition, Submission 135, p. 11.

[38]      CHOICE, Submission 90, Supplementary Submission, p. 6.

[39]      CHOICE, Submission 90, Supplementary Submission, p. 7.

[40]      Sugar By Half, Submission 48, p. 4.

[41]      Dr Rosemary Stanton OAM, Submission 112, p. 11.

[42]      WA Cancer Prevention Research Unit, Submission 8, p. 3.

[43]      Australian Beverages Council, Submission 22, p. 15.

[44]      CHOICE, Submission 90, p. 2.

[45]      Professor Bruce Neal, Executive Director, The George Institute, Committee Hansard, Sydney, 6 August 2018, p. 30.

[46]      See for example: Nepean Blue Mountains Family Obesity Service, Submission 18, p. 9; Obesity Policy Coalition, Submission 135, p. 10.

[47]      Obesity Policy Coalition, Submission 135, p. 10.

[48]      Heart Foundation, Submission 139, p. 8.

[49]      Health Star Rating Advisory Committee, Submission 65, p. 3.

[50]      Australian Medical Association, Submission 125, p. 7.

[51]      Australian Government Department of Health, Submission 142, p. 3.

[52]      Nestlé Australia, Submission 78, p. 11.

[53]      Associate Professor Kevin Buckett, Deputy Chief Public Health Officer, SA Health, Committee Hansard, 7 August 2018, p. 65.

[54]      Associate Professor Kevin Buckett, Deputy Chief Public Health Officer, SA Health, Committee Hansard, 7 August 2018, p. 65.

[55]      See for example: WA Cancer Prevention Research Unit, Submission 8, p. 3; Centre for Research Excellence in the Early Prevention of Obesity in Childhood, Submission 10, p. 8; The Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne, Submission 17, p. 2; Food Fairness Illawarra, Submission 27, p. 4; Cancer Council Australia, Submission 39, p. 4; Food Governance Node, Submission 58, p. 8; Public Health Association Australia, Submission 73, p. 17; CHOICE, Submission 90, p. 3; Obesity Policy Coalition, Submission 135, p. 4.

[56]      Cancer Council Australia, Submission 39, p. 6.

[57]      Obesity Policy Coalition, Submission 135, p. 10.

[58]      Food Governance Node, Submission 58, p. 8.

[59]      Mr Alan Kirkland, Chief Executive Officer, CHOICE, Committee Hansard, 6 August 2018, p. 36.

[60]      Ms Margaret Stuart, Corporate and External Relations Manager, Nestlé Australia, Committee Hansard, 4 September 2018, p. 70.

[61]      Associate Professor Kevin Buckett, Deputy Chief Public Health Officer, SA Health, Committee Hansard, 7 August 2018, p. 71.

[62]      Health Star Rating Advisory Committee, Submission 65, p. 4.

[63]      Australian Beverages Council, Submission 22, p. 15.

[64]      Ms Elizabeth Flynn, Assistant Secretary, Preventive Health Policy Branch, Population Health and Sport Division, Department of Health, Committee Hansard, 5 September 2018, p. 18.

[65]      Associate Professor Kevin Buckett, Deputy Chief Public Health Officer, SA Health, Committee Hansard, 7 August 2018, p. 68.

[66]      Australian Food and Grocery Council, Submission 88, p. 7.

[67]      Australian Beverages Council, Submission 22, p. 32.

[68]      Obesity Policy Coalition, Problems with DIG food labelling scheme, Policy Brief, p. 1.

[69]      Obesity Policy Coalition, Problems with DIG food labelling scheme, Policy Brief, p. 1.

[70]      Nestlé Australia, Submission 78, p. 12.

[71]      Coca-Cola Australia, Submission 114, p. 7.

[72]      Obesity Policy Coalition, Submission 135, p. 15.

[73]      Live Lighter WA, Submission 88, p. 12.

[74]      Nutrition Australia, Submission 61, p. 4; Obesity Policy Coalition, Submission 135, p. 15.

[75]      Ms Katinka Day, Campaigns and Policy Team Lead, CHOICE, Committee Hansard, 6 August 2018, p. 35.

[76]      See for example: That Sugar Movement, Submission 115, p. 2; Obesity Policy Coalition, Submission 135, p. 16.

[77]      Public Health Association of Australia, Submission 73, p. 17.

[78]      Robern Menz, Submission 80, Attachment 2, p. 1.

[79]      Nestlé Australia, Submission 78, p. 14.

[80]      Australian Industry Group, Submission 117, p. 14.

[81]      Obesity Policy Coalition, Submission 135, p. 16.

[82]      Professor Bruce Neal, Executive Director, The George Institute, Committee Hansard, Sydney, 6 August 2018, p. 30.

[83]      Obesity Policy Coalition, Submission 135, p. 16.

[84]      Obesity Policy Coalition, Submission 135, p. 17.

[85]      NSW Health, Submission 145, p. 5.

[86]      Kentucky Fried Chicken Pty Limited, Submission 53, p. 2.

[87]      Kentucky Fried Chicken Pty Limited, Submission 53, p. 1.

[88]      Swinburne University of Technology, Submission 75, Supplementary Submission, p. 13.

[89]      Obesity Policy Coalition, Menu Kilojoule Labelling in chain food outlets in Australia, Policy Brief, p. 2.

[90]      Obesity Policy Coalition, Menu Kilojoule Labelling in chain food outlets in Australia, Policy Brief, p. 3.

[91]      Centre for Research Excellence in the Early Prevention of Obesity in Childhood, Submission 10, p. 10.

[92]      Public Health Association of Australia, Submission 73, p. 17.

[93]      Food regulation, Labelling of sugars on packaged foods and drinks, http://foodregulation.gov.au/internet/fr/publishing.nsf/Content/labelling-of-sugars-on-packaged-foods-and-drinks, accessed 22 November 2018.

Chapter 5 - Reformulation

[1]        See for example: Cancer Council Australia, Submission 39, p. 4; Parents' Voice, Submission 43, p. 3.

[2]        Heart Foundation, Submission 139, p. 9.

[3]        Mr Ben Harris, Manager, National Policy Strategy, Australian Health Policy Collaboration, Committee Hansard, Melbourne, 7 August 2018, pp. 53-54.

[4]        Parents' Voice, Submission 43, p. 3.

[5]        Obesity Policy Coalition, Submission 135, p. 13.

[6]        Australian Government Department of Health, Submission 142, p. 9.

[7]        Australian Government Department of Health, Submission 142, p. 6.

[8]        Food Governance Node, Submission 58, p. 8.

[9]        Food Governance Node, Submission 58, p. 8.

[10]      See for example: Cancer Council Australia, Submission 39, p. 4.

[11]      Food Governance Node, Submission 58, pp. 8-9.

[12]      Sugar By Half, Submission 48, p. 4.

[13]      See for example: Mark Lawrence, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition and School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Submission 95, p. 4.

[14]      Cancer Council Australia, Submission 39, p. 4.

[15]      See for example: WA Cancer Prevention Research Unit, Submission 8, p. 2; Centre for Research Excellence in the Early Prevention of Obesity in Childhood, Submission 10, p. 10; Global Obesity Centre, Submission 13, p. 7; Primary Care Partnership, Submission 28, p. 2; Live Lighter WA, Submission 88, p. 1; The Boden Institute, University of Sydney, Submission 130, p. 14; Heart Foundation, Submission 139, p. 2.

[16]      Australian Beverages Council, Submission 22, p. 38.

[17]      Australian Beverages Council, Submission 22, p. 38.

[18]      Coca-Cola Australia, Submission 114, p. 6.

[19]      Ms Christine Black, Director of Public Affairs, Coca-Cola Australia, Committee Hansard, Melbourne, 4 September 2018, p. 67.

[20]      Australian Food and Grocery Council, Submission 88, p. 14.

[21]      Obesity Policy Coalition, Submission 135, p. 14.

Chapter 6 - Tax on sugary drinks

[1]        Food Fairness Illawarra, Submission 27, Attachment 1, p. 9.

[2]        Obesity Policy Coalition, Submission 135, p. 18.

[3]        Public Health Association of Australia, Submission 73, p. 14.

[4]        Australian Taxpayers' Alliance, Submission 123, p. 21.

[5]        See for example: Public Health Association of Australia, Submission 73, p. 15; The George Institute, Submission 104, p. 2; Dietitians Association of Australia, Submission 107, p. 11.

[6]        See for example: Australian Medical Association, Submission 126, p. 7; The Boden Institute, University of Sydney, Submission 130, p. 18; Dr Joanne Walker, Director, Policy and Strategy Development, National Rural Health Alliance, Committee Hansard, Melbourne, 4 September 2018, p. 42; Public Health Association of Australia, Submission 73, p. 14.

[7]        Parents' Voice, Submission 43, p. 3.

[8]        See for example: Dietitians Association of Australia, Submission 107, p. 11; Mr Terry Slevin, Chief Executive Officer, Public Health Association of Australia, Committee Hansard, Melbourne, 4 September 2018, p. 23.

[9]        Grattan Institute, Submission 50, p. 3.

[10]      See for example: Australian Medical Association, Submission 126, p. 1; Consumers Health Forum of Australia, Submission 129, p. 4; Obesity Policy Coalition, Submission 135, p. 18; Diabetes Australia, Submission 67, p. 4.

[11]      Diabetes Australia, Submission 67, p. 4.

[12]      Dietitians Association of Australia, Submission 107, p. 11.

[13]      Dr Tony Bartone, President, Australian Medical Association, Committee Hansard, Melbourne, 4 September 2018, p. 42.

[14]      The Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne, Submission 17, p. 3.

[15]      See for example: Public Health Association of Australia, Submission 73, p. 15; Australian Healthcare and Hospitals Association, Submission 101, p. 3.

[16]      The George Institute, Submission 104, p. 2.

[17]      Heart Foundation, Submission 139, p. 14.

[18]      Grattan Institute, Submission 50, p. 26.

[19]      Grattan Institute, Submission 50, p. 3.

[20]      Grattan Institute, Submission 50, p. 4.

[21]      Ms Jane Martin, Executive Manager, Obesity Policy Coalition, Committee Hansard, Melbourne, 4 September 2018, p. 32.

[22]      Dr Tony Bartone, President, Australian Medical Association, Committee Hansard, Melbourne, 4 September 2018, p. 42.

[23]      See for example: Sugar Free Smiles, Submission 31, p. 2; Nutrition Australia, Submission 61, p. 4; Public Health Association of Australia, Submission 73, p. 17; Diabetes Australia, Submission 67, p. 4.

[24]      Menzies Research Institute, Submission 119, Attachment 1, p. 1.

[25]      See for example: Coca-Cola Amatil, Submission 84, p. 15; Australian Food and Grocery Council, Submission 89, p. 19; Mr Nick Cater, Executive Director, Menzies Research Centre, Committee Hansard, Sydney, 6 August 2018, p. 70; Australian Taxpayers' Alliance, Submission 123, p. 14; Australian Association of Convenience Stores Limited, Submission 6, p. 4.

[26]      Dr Alan Barclay, private capacity, Committee Hansard, Sydney, 6 August 2018, p. 56.

[27]      Professor Greg Johnson, Chief Executive Officer, Diabetes Australia, Committee Hansard, Sydney, 6 August 2018, p. 19.

Chapter 7 - Marketing and advertising of discretionary foods

[1]        Australian Chronic Disease Prevention Alliance, Submission 106, p. 13.

[2]        See for example: Food Fairness Illawarra, Submission 27, Attachment 1, p. 11; Obesity Policy Coalition, Submission 135, p. 20; WA Cancer Prevention Research Unit, Submission 8, p. 8; Food Governance Node, Submission 58, p. 4.

[3]        Public Health Association of Australia, Submission 73, p. 11.

[4]        See for example: Australian Chronic Disease Prevention Alliance, Submission 106, p. 13; Australian Medial Association, Submission 126, p. 2; The Boden Institute, University of Sydney, Submission 130, p. 18; Obesity Policy Coalition, Submission 135, Supplementary Submission, p. 7; Professor Greg Johnson, Chief Executive Officer, Diabetes Australia, Committee Hansard, Sydney, 6 August 2018, p. 20.

[5]        Mr Steve Pratt, Nutrition and Physical Activity Manager, Cancer Council Western Australia and Member, Australian Chronic Disease Prevention Alliance, Committee Hansard, Sydney, 6 August 2018, p. 15.

[6]        Associate Professor Bridget Kelly, Associate Professor of Public Health, Food and Movement research Theme, Early Start, University of Wollongong, Committee Hansard, Melbourne, 4 September 2018, p. 46.

[7]        Ad Standards, Submission 19, p. 18.

[8]        Ad Standards, Submission 19, pp. 3-4.

[9]        Ad Standards, Submission 19, p. 19.

[10]      Ad Standards, Submission 19, pp. 19-20.

[11]      Ad Standards, Submission 19, p. 20.

[12]      Ad Standards, Submission 19, p. 2.

[13]      Australian Industry Group, Submission 117, p. 23.

[14]      Food Governance Node, Submission 58, p. 4;

[15]      See for example: Food Fairness Illawarra, Submission 27, Attachment 1, p. 11; Obesity Policy Coalition, Submission 135, p. 20; WA Cancer Prevention Research Unit, Submission 8, p. 8.

[16]      Obesity Policy Coalition, Submission 135, Supplementary Submission, p. 8.

[17]      See for example: Obesity Policy Coalition, Submission 135, Supplementary Submission, pp.7‑20; Dr Belinda Reeve, Co-Founder, Food Governance Node, Committee Hansard, Sydney, 6 August 2018, p. 22; Dr Joanne Walker, Director, Policy and Strategy Development, National Rural Health Alliance, Committee Hansard, Melbourne, 4 September 2018, p. 42.

[18]      See for example: Food Governance Node, Submission 58, p. 5; Obesity Policy Coalition, Submission 135, Supplementary Submission, p. 12.

[19]      Obesity Policy Coalition, Submission 135, Supplementary Submission, p. 12.

[20]      See for example: Food and Movement Research Team, Early Start, University of Wollongong, Submission 69, p. 13; Obesity Policy Coalition, Submission 135, p. 24.

[21]      Food and Movement Research Team, Early Start, University of Wollongong, Submission 69, p. 13.

[22]      See for example: Centre for Research Excellence in the Early Prevention of Obesity in Childhood, Submission 10, p. 8; Obesity Policy Coalition, Submission 135, Supplementary Submission, p. 9.

[23]      Obesity Policy Coalition, Submission 135, p. 20.

[24]      See for example: Australian Chronic Disease Prevention Alliance, Submission 106, p. 15; Obesity Policy Coalition, Submission 135, Supplementary Submission, p. 9; Mr Steve Pratt, Nutrition and Physical Activity Manager, Cancer Council Western Australia and Member, Australian Chronic Disease Prevention Alliance, Committee Hansard, Sydney, 6 August 2018, p. 15.

[25]      Obesity Policy Coalition, Submission 135, p. 20.

[26]      Obesity Policy Coalition, Submission 135, Supplementary Submission, p. 9.

[27]      Obesity Policy Coalition, Submission 135, Supplementary Submission, p. 9.

[28]      Obesity Policy Coalition, Submission 135, Supplementary Submission, p. 18.

[29]      See for example: Obesity Policy Coalition, Submission 135, Supplementary Submission, p. 18; Food and Movement Research Team, Early Start, University of Wollongong, Submission 69, p. 14.

[30]      Free TV Australia, Submission 91, p. 7.

[31]      Free TV Australia, Submission 91, p. 7.

[32]      Free TV Australia, Submission 91, p. 7.

[33]      See for example: Food Governance Node, Submission 58, p. 5; Obesity Policy Coalition, Submission 135, p. 23.

[34]      Obesity Policy Coalition, Submission 135, p. 23.

[35]      Food and Movement Research Team, Early Start, University of Wollongong, Submission 69, p. 11.

[36]      Parents' Voice, Submission 43, p. 2.

[37]      See for example: Global Obesity Centre, Submission 13, p. 7; Parents' Voice, Submission 43, p. 2; Associate Professor Bridget Kelly, Associate Professor of Public Health, Food and Movement research Theme, Early Start, University of Wollongong, Committee Hansard, Melbourne, 4 September 2018, p. 50;

Chapter 8 - Education campaigns

[1]        Heart Foundation, Submission 139, p. 11.

[2]        Obesity Policy Coalition, Tipping the scales, September 2017, p. 12;  Obesity Policy Coalition, Submission 135, p. 27.

[3]        Mr Terry Slevin, Chief Executive Officer, Public Health Association of Australia, Committee Hansard, Melbourne, 4 September 2018, p. 16.

[4]        See for example: Food Fairness Illawarra, Submission 27, Attachment 1, p. 6; Food Governance Node, Submission 58, pp. 8-9; Live Lighter WA, Submission 88, p. 10.

[5]        See for example: WA Cancer Prevention Research Unit, Submission 8, p. 2; Global Obesity Centre, Submission 13, p. 7; Primary Care Partnership, Submission 28, p. 3; Ms Leanne Chambour, Submission 32, p. 2; Sugar By Half, Submission 48, p. 4; Queensland Country Women's Association, Submission 56, p. 2; Food Governance Node, Submission 58, p. 15; Public Health Association of Australia, Submission 73, p. 17; CHOICE, Submission 90, p. 4.

[6]        Australian Chronic Disease Prevention Alliance, Submission 106, p. 12.

[7]        Australian Government Department of Health, Submission 142, p. 5.

[8]        Australian Government Department of Health, Submission 142, p. 6.

[9]        Australian Government Department of Health, Submission 142, p. 6.

[10]      See for example: Heart Foundation, Submission 139, pp. 9-10; Australian Industry Group, Submission 117, p. 11; Obesity Policy Coalition, Submission 135, p. 12.

[11]      Ms Alexandra Jones, Research Fellow, Food Policy Division, The George Institute, Committee Hansard, Sydney, 6 August 2018, p. 23.

[12]      See for example: School of Social Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Submission 52, p. 5; Food Governance Node, Submission 58, pp. 8-9; Mark Lawrence, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition and School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Submission 95, p. 4; Sugar By Half, Submission 48, p. 3; The George Institute, Submission 104, p. 1.

[13]      Tasmanian Government, Submission 144, p. 14.

[14]      School of Social Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Submission 52, p. 5

[15]      Government of Western Australia, Submission 120, p. 4.

[16]      LiveLighter, 'Background', https://livelighter.com.au/About/Background, accessed 22 November 2018.

[17]      Live Lighter WA, Submission 88, p. 1.

[18]      Heart Foundation, Submission 139, p. 11.

[19]      See for example: Obesity Policy Coalition, Submission 135, p. 27; Heart Foundation, Submission 139, p. 11; Dietitians Association of Australia, Submission 107, p. 8; Tasmanian Government, Submission 144, p. 12.

[20]      Swinburne University of Technology, Submission 75, p. 10.

Chapter 9 - Health care interventions

[1]        Dr Shirley Alexander, Staff Specialist and Head of Weight Management Services, Children's Hospital at Westmead, Committee Hansard, Sydney, 6 August 2018, p. 3.

[2]        World Health Organisation, 'Commission on Ending Childhood Obesity', http://www.who.int/end-childhood-obesity/facts/en/, accessed 22 November 2018.

[3]        See for example: Dr Seema Mihrshahi, Research Translation Coordinator and Senior Research Fellow, Centre of Research Excellence in the Early Prevention of Obesity in Childhood, Committee Hansard, Sydney, 6 August 2018, p. 1; The Boden Institute, University of Sydney, Submission 130, p. 3; Centre for Research Excellence in the Early Prevention of Obesity in Childhood, Submission 10, p. 8.

[4]        Dr Shirley Alexander, Staff Specialist and Head of Weight Management Services, The Children's Hospital, Westmead, Committee Hansard, Sydney, 6 August 2018, p. 2.

[5]        Professor Anna Peeters, Associate Director, Global Obesity Centre, Deakin University, Committee Hansard, Melbourne, 7 August 2018, p. 1.

[6]        Ms Alexandra Jones, Research Fellow, Food Policy Division, The George Institute, Committee Hansard, Sydney, 6 August 2018, p. 24.

[7]        ACT Government, Submission 87, p. 3.

[8]        Dr Frances Cunningham, Senior Research Fellow, Menzies School of Health Research, Committee Hansard, Sydney, 6 August 2018, p. 40.

[9]        Professor Steve Allender, Director, Global Obesity Centre, Deakin University, Committee Hansard, Melbourne, 7 August 2018, p. 1.

[10]      See for example: Centre for Research Excellence in the Early Prevention of Obesity in Childhood, Submission 10, p. 3; Queensland Nurses and Midwives Union, Submission 55, p. 5; Professor Peter Davies, Chairperson, The Early Life Nutrition Coalition, Committee Hansard, Melbourne, 7 August 2018, p. 15.

[11]      Professor Susan Sawyer, Director, Centre for Adolescent Health, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Committee Hansard, Melbourne, 7 August 2018, p. 16.

[12]      Professor Peter Davies, Chairperson, The Early Life Nutrition Coalition, Committee Hansard, Melbourne, 7 August 2018, p. 16.

[13]      Centre for Research Excellence in the Early Prevention of Obesity in Childhood, Submission 10, p. 3.

[14]      See for example: Professor Susan Sawyer, Director, Centre for Adolescent Health, Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne, Committee Hansard, Melbourne, 7 August 2018, p. 16; Professor Peter Davies, Chairperson, The Early Life Nutrition Coalition, Committee Hansard, Melbourne, 7 August 2018, p. 16; Mr Ahmad Aly, President, Australian and New Zealand Metabolic and Obesity Surgery Society, Committee Hansard, Melbourne, 7 August 2018, p. 27.

[15]      Professor Jacqueline Boyle, Deputy Director and Obstetrician, Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, Committee Hansard, Melbourne, 7 August 2018, p. 15.

[16]      Professor Susan Sawyer, Director, Centre for Adolescent Health, The Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne, Committee Hansard, Melbourne, 7 August 2018, p. 16.

[17]      The Boden Institute, University of Sydney, Submission 130, p. 3.

[18]      See for example: The Early Life Nutrition Coalition, Submission 2, p. 1; Centre for Research Excellence in the Early Prevention of Obesity in Childhood, Submission 10, p. 3; Public Health Association of Australia, Submission 73, p. 7.

[19]      Centre for Research Excellence in the Early Prevention of Obesity in Childhood, Submission 10, p. 7.

[20]      Professor Susan Sawyer, Director, Centre for Adolescent Health, The Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne, Committee Hansard, Melbourne, 7 August 2018, p. 16.

[21]      Breastfeeding Coalition Tasmania, Submission 102, p. 3.

[22]      Professor Susan Sawyer, Director, Centre for Adolescent Health, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Committee Hansard, Melbourne, 7 August 2018, p. 16.

[23]      Centre for Research Excellence in the Early Prevention of Obesity in Childhood, Submission 10, p. 5.

[24]      See for example: Centre for Research Excellence in the Early Prevention of Obesity in Childhood, Submission 10, p. 3; Breastfeeding Coalition Tasmania, Submission 102, p. 3; Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Submission 46, p. 4.

[25]      Professor Elizabeth Denney-Wilson, Professor of Nursing, Centre for Research Excellence in the Early Prevention of Obesity in Childhood, Committee Hansard, Sydney, 6 August 2018, p. 5.

[26]      See for example: Breastfeeding Coalition Tasmania, Submission 102, p. 3; Centre for Research Excellence in the Early Prevention of Obesity in Childhood, Submission 10, p. 8.

[27]      Dr Seema Mihrshahi, Research Translation Coordinator and Senior Research Fellow, Centre of Research Excellence in the Early Prevention of Obesity in Childhood, Committee Hansard, Sydney, 6 August 2018, p. 5; Professor Elizabeth Denney-Wilson, Professor of Nursing, Centre for Research Excellence in the Early Prevention of Obesity in Childhood, Committee Hansard, Sydney, 6 August 2018, p. 5.

[28]      Centre for Research Excellence in the Early Prevention of Obesity in Childhood, Submission 10, p. 8.

[29]      See for example: Centre for Research Excellence in the Early Prevention of Obesity in Childhood, Submission 10, p. 9; Food Fairness Illawarra, Submission 27, Attachment 1, p. 4.

[30]      Centre for Research Excellence in the Early Prevention of Obesity in Childhood, Submission 10, p. 8.

[31]      The Early Life Nutrition Coalition, Submission 2, p. 3.

[32]      Australian Medical Association, Submission 126, p. 8.

[33]      Professor Lauren Williams, Fellow Member, Dietitians Association Australia, Committee Hansard, Melbourne, 4 September 2018, p. 11.

[34]      Dr Shirley Alexander, Staff Specialist and Head of Weight Management Services, Children's Hospital at Westmead, Committee Hansard, Sydney, 6 August 2018, p. 3.

[35]      See for example: Professor Elizabeth Denney-Wilson, Professor of Nursing, Centre of Research Excellence in the Early Prevention of Obesity in Childhood, Committee Hansard, Melbourne, 6 August 2018, p. 3; Ms Ingrid Ozols, Submission 37, p. 3; Australian Medical Association, Submission 126, p. 8; Professor Peter Davies, Chairperson, The Early Life Nutrition Coalition,  Committee Hansard, Melbourne, 7 August 2018, p. 21.

[36]      Australian Medical Association, Submission 126, p. 8.

[37]      Professor Lauren Williams, Fellow Member, Dietitians Association Australia, Committee Hansard, Melbourne, 4 September 2018, p. 8.

[38]      Nepean Blue Mountains Family Obesity Service, Submission 18, p. 11.

[39]      Dr Shirley Alexander, Staff Specialist and Head of Weight Management Services, Children's Hospital at Westmead, Committee Hansard, Sydney, 6 August 2018, p. 2.

[40]      Council of Presidents of Medical Colleges, Submission 3, p. 2.

[41]      Dietitians Association of Australia, Submission 107, p. 10.

[42]      See for example: Dietitians Association of Australia, Submission 107, p. 10; Early Life Nutrition Coalition, Submission 2, p. 2; Dr Alan Barclay, Submission 37, p. 10; Children's Hospital at Westmead, Submission 44, p. 13.

[43]      Professor Lauren Williams, Fellow Member, Dietitians Association Australia, Committee Hansard, Melbourne, 4 September 2018, p. 8.

[44]      Professor Lauren Williams, Fellow Member, Dietitians Association Australia, Committee Hansard, Melbourne, 4 September 2018, p. 9.

[45]      Australian and New Zealand Metabolic and Obesity Surgery Society, Submission 94, p. 17.

[46]      Professor Michael Talbot, Executive Member, Australian and New Zealand Metabolic and Obesity Surgery Society, Committee Hansard, Melbourne, 7 August 2018, p. 25.

[47]      Mr Ahmad Aly, President, Australian and New Zealand Metabolic and Obesity Surgery Society, Committee Hansard, Melbourne, 7 August 2018, p. 22.

[48]      Australian and New Zealand Metabolic and Obesity Surgery Society, Submission 94, p. 9.

[49]      Australian and New Zealand Metabolic and Obesity Surgery Society, Submission 94, p. 15.

[50]      Australian and New Zealand Metabolic and Obesity Surgery Society, answers to question on notice, 7 August 2018, p. 1.

[51]      See for example: Ms Sarah Harry, Board Member, Health at Every Size Australia, Committee Hansard, Melbourne, 7 August 2018, p. 40; Dr Carolynne White, Lecturer, Health Promotion, Swinburne University of Technology, Committee Hansard, Melbourne, 7 August 2018, p. 41.

[52]      Butterfly Foundation, Submission 99, p. 10.

[53]      Mr Ahmad Aly, President, Australian and New Zealand Metabolic and Obesity Surgery Society, Committee Hansard, Melbourne, 7 August 2018, p. 22.

[54]      Australian Government Department of Health, Submission 142, Attachment 3, p. 28.

[55]      Mr Ahmad Aly, President, Australian and New Zealand Metabolic and Obesity Surgery Society, Committee Hansard, Melbourne, 7 August 2018, p. 22.

[56]      Dr Tony Bartone, President, Australian Medical Association, Committee Hansard, Melbourne, 4 September 2018, p. 42.

[57]      Mr Ahmad Aly, President, Australian and New Zealand Metabolic and Obesity Surgery Society, Committee Hansard, Melbourne, 7 August 2018, p. 23.

[58]      Australian Medial Association, Submission 126, p. 9.

[59]      Dr Stephen Duckett, Director, Health Program, Grattan Institute, Committee Hansard, Melbourne, 7 August 2018, p. 35.

[60]      Mr Ahmad Aly, President, Australian and New Zealand Metabolic and Obesity Surgery Society, Committee Hansard, Melbourne, 7 August 2018, p. 23.

Chapter 10 - Community-based multi-strategy interventions

[1]        See for example: Sugar By Half, Submission 48, p. 4; The Obesity Collective, Submission 70, p. 9; Council of Presidents of Medical Colleges, Submission 3, p. 2; Northern Territory Government, Submission 124, p. 9; The Boden Institute, University of Sydney, Submission 130, p. 15.

[2]        Ms Alexandra Jones, Research Fellow, Food Policy Division, The George Institute, Committee Hansard, Sydney, 6 August 2018, p. 24.

[3]        See for example: Sugar By Half, Submission 48, p. 4; The Obesity Collective, Submission 70, p. 9.

[4]        See for example: Council of Presidents of Medical Colleges, Submission 3, p. 2; Australian Beverages Council, Submission 22, pp. 27-28; Northern Territory Government, Submission 124, p. 9; The Boden Institute, University of Sydney, Submission 130, p. 15.

[5]        Flinders University, Submission 38, p. 4.

[6]        Northern Territory Government, Submission 124, pp. 7 and 9.

[7]        School of Social Sciences, University of Adelaide, Submission 52, p. 4.

[8]        Professor Megan Warin, Australian Research Council Future Fellow, School of Sciences, University of Adelaide, Committee Hansard, Melbourne, 7 August 2018, p. 9.

[9]        Flinders University, Submission 38, pp. 4-5.

[10]      Flinders University, Submission 38, p. 5; Swinburne University of Technology, Submission 75, p. 10.

[11]      National Rural Health Alliance, Submission 138, p. 18.

[12]      Ms Jan Black, Senior Policy Adviser, Municipal Association of Victoria, Committee Hansard, Melbourne, 5 September 2018, p. 7.

[13]      Ms Jan Black, Senior Policy Adviser, Municipal Association of Victoria, Committee Hansard, Melbourne, 5 September 2018, p. 7.

[14]      Food Governance Node, Submission 58, p. 10.

[15]      See for example: Ms Jan Black, Senior Policy Adviser, Municipal Association of Victoria, Committee Hansard, Melbourne, 5 September 2018, p. 7; SugarByHalf, Submission 48, p. 4; The Obesity Collective, Submission 70, p. 9; National Rural Health Alliance, Submission 138, p. 18.

[16]      Joep Lange Institute, Submission 143, p. 2.

[17]      Joep Lange Institute, Submission 143, p. 4.

[18]      Joep Lange Institute, Submission 143, p. 3; Dr Nicholas Manuelpillai, Medical Doctor, Joep Lange Institute, Committee Hansard, Melbourne, 4 September 2018, p. 78.

[19]      Joep Lange Institute, Submission 143, p. 4.

[20]      Miss Karen Den Hertog, Program Manager, Amsterdam Healthy Weight Program, City of Amsterdam, Committee Hansard, Melbourne, 4 September 2018, p. 78.

[21]      The Boden Institute, University of Sydney, Submission 130, p. 15.

[22]      Ms Patricia Turner, Chief Executive Officer, National Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Organisation, Committee Hansard, Melbourne, 4 September 2018, p. 34.

[23]      Ms Patricia Turner, Chief Executive Officer, National Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Organisation, Committee Hansard, Melbourne, 4 September 2018, p. 34.

[24]      Ms Patricia Turner, Chief Executive Officer, National Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Organisation, Committee Hansard, Melbourne, 4 September 2018, p. 34.

[25]      Ms Patricia Turner, Chief Executive Officer, National Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Organisation, Committee Hansard, Melbourne, 4 September 2018, p. 36.

[26]      Ms Salli Cohen, Executive Director, Strategic Policy and Planning, NT Department of Health, Committee Hansard, Melbourne, 5 September 2018, p. 1.

[27]      National Rural Health Alliance, Submission 138, p. 8.

[28]      Ms Salli Cohen, Executive Director, Strategic Policy and Planning, NT Department of Health, Committee Hansard, Melbourne, 5 September 2018, pp. 1-2.

[29]      Ms Patricia Turner, Chief Executive Officer, National Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Organisation, Committee Hansard, Melbourne, 4 September 2018, p. 34.

[30]      Centre for Research Excellence in Integrated Quality Improvement, Submission 7, p. 1.

Dissenting Report from the LP and PHON Senators

[1]        Professor Kevin Buckett, Committee Hansard, 7 August 2018, p. 64.

[2]        Coca-Cola Amatil, Submission 84, p. 15.

[3]        Australian Beverages Council, Submission 22, p. 40.

[4]        Menzies Research Centre, Submission 119, Attachment 1, p. 2.

[5]        New Zealand Treasury Working Paper 16/09, Implications of a sugar tax in New Zealand: Incidence and Effectiveness, November 2016, https://treasury.govt.nz/publications/wp/implications-sugar-tax-new-zealand-incidence-and-effectiveness-wp-16-09#formats (accessed 3 December 2018)

[6]        United Nations General Assembly, Resolution adopted by the General Assembly on 10 October 2018 -73.2 Political declaration of the third high-level meeting of the General Assembly on the prevention and control of non-communicable diseases, 10 October 2018, http://www.un.org/en/ga/search/view_doc.asp?symbol=A/RES/73/2 (accessed 4 December 2018)

[7]        See for example: Australian Association of Convenience Stores Limited, Submission 6, p. 5; Terry Barnes, Submission 83, pp.7-8;  Australian Food and Grocery's, Submission 89, p. 18;  Australian Taxpayers' Alliance, Submission 123, pp. 18-22.

[8]        Terry Barnes, Submission 83, p. 7.

[9]        Australian Association of Convenience Stores Limited, Submission 6, p. 5.

[10]      Australian Beverages Council, Submission 22.1, p.  4.

[11]      Ralston J. et al, Time for a new obesity narrative, The Lancet, Vol 392, 20 October 2018, p. 1385.

[12]      Ad Standard, Submission 19, pp. 7-20.

[13]      Australian Association of National Advertisers, Submission 49, p. 2.

[14]      Free TV Australia, Submission 91, p. 14.

[15]      Free TV Australia, Submission 91, p. 5.

Labor Senators' Dissenting Report

[1] ACMA, Review of the Children’s Television Standards 2005: Final Report of the Review, August 2009, pp. 5 and 9.

[2] ACMA, Review of the Children’s Television Standards 2005: Final Report of the Review, August 2009, p. 5.

[3] ACMA, Review of the Children’s Television Standards 2005: Final Report of the Review, August 2009, p. 6.