20 November 2023
PDF Version [580KB]
Emma Vines
Social Policy
Introduction
This quick guide draws together the key findings and
recommendations of the report, You
win some, you lose more (the report), released in June 2023 by the
House of Representatives Standing Committee on Social Policy and Legal Affairs
(the Committee) following its Inquiry
into Online Gambling and Its Impacts on Those Experiencing Gambling Harm
(the inquiry).
It does not cover all recommendations or evidence considered
by the Committee. An abridged list of recommendations, sorted into key themes,
can be found in Attachment A. Page numbers refer to the report unless otherwise
indicated.
While the Government is yet to formally respond to the
report, there are consultations underway, as well as commitments to reform,
including changes to the National Classification Scheme (NCS) which will seek
to reduce young people’s exposure to gambling-like content in computer games
and a move to ban credit card use for online gambling.
This information is up to date as at time of publication.
Background to the inquiry
On 15 September 2022, the Committee adopted an inquiry into
online gambling and its impacts on problem gamblers, following a referral from the
Minister for Social Services, Amanda Rishworth. The inquiry’s name and terms
of reference were amended on 12 October 2022, in response to stakeholder
feedback calling for more supportive language to be used to ensure the
inclusivity of those experiencing gambling harm (11).
This inquiry is the most recent in a string of reviews of
gambling and related issues conducted by Commonwealth Parliamentary Committees during
the past decade or so. Arguably, the most consequential of these has been the 2015
Review
of illegal offshore wagering (the O’Farrell Review) which was
announced following a Coalition election commitment. Recommendation 2
the O’Farrell Review proposed:
A national policy framework, comprising agreed minimum
standards, be established to provide consistency in the regulation of online
wagering and to improve the effectiveness of consumer protection and harm
minimisation measures across the nation. (151)
The Government
supported this measure and an
agreement was subsequently reached with the states and territories to
establish a National
Consumer Protection Framework for Online Wagering (NCPF). Also secured was
support for legislative reform which the Government pursued nationally through the
Interactive
Gambling Amendment Bill 2016. The Bill passed in August 2017, implementing
elements of the Government’s response, including clarifying aspects of the Interactive
Gambling Act 2001 (the IGA); strengthening the powers of the
Australian Communications and Media Authority (ACMA) to enforce gambling-related
regulations; and enhancing the capacity of ACMA to share certain information with
foreign regulators. The Albanese Government has overseen the implementation of
the final measures of the NCPF, including the
introduction of the national self-exclusion register BetStop
in August 2023.
Gambling as a public health issue
The report is underpinned by the idea that gambling harm is
a public health issue, with both submitters and the Committee calling for a
radical shift in how the issue is approached (20–23). In adopting a public
health approach, the Committee strongly rejected the dominant paradigm which
characterises responsible gambling as the individual’s responsibility alone,
noting that the language currently used stigmatises gambling harm which
discourages people from seeking help (40–42). For example, the placement of harm
reduction within the social services portfolio, with almost no involvement by
the Department of Health and Aged Care (DoHAC), was questioned by some submitters,
with Professor
Samantha Thomas telling the Committee that this is ‘… kind of confusing. It
creates gambling exceptionalism, because it creates this perception that
gambling is somehow different from other health issues, and it’s not’ (49).
A public health approach would, instead, encourage universal
intervention (rather than targeted intervention once harm has already occurred)
through measures like public health campaigns, regulation and national
strategies. The closest comparison here is, as the Committee stressed, the
largely successful approach to tobacco reduction, which has seen strict
regulation regarding the sale and advertising of tobacco products and the
implementation of the National
Tobacco Strategy 2023–2030 (40). National level strategies are also a
feature of a large number of other public health areas, including the National
Preventative Health Strategy 2021–2030, National
Alcohol Strategy 2019–2028, National
Ice Action Strategy 2015 and National
Drug Strategy 2017–2026.
There is, however, currently no national strategy targeting
gambling harm, and the Committee has called for one to be in place within 12
months (noting implementation would be progressive). Recommendation 2 states:
The Committee recommends that the Australian Government, with
the states and territories, develop a comprehensive national strategy on online
gambling harm reduction. The strategy should be based on public health
principles … (41)
The Committee recommended that the national strategy and harm
reduction measures for which the Australian Government has responsibility be funded
through a levy on online wagering service providers (WSPs) (Recommendation 3).
Such a levy should then support improvements to the best practice approach for
programs serving people experiencing gambling harm, including by better equipping
staff working in health, community and financial counselling services, and
crisis and gambling helplines. These improvements in training were recommended
alongside an increase in availability of integrated treatment services and
enhanced referral pathways and screening tools (Recommendation 9).
The Committee also recommended that the national strategy be
developed by a new Online Gambling Harm Reduction portfolio, removed from the departments
which currently have primary responsibility for gambling and gambling harm:
The Committee considers it essential there be a new Online
Gambling Harm Reduction portfolio in the Australian Government to develop and
implement the national strategy. Neither DSS [Department of Social Services],
nor DITRDCA [Department of Infrastructure, Transport, Regional Development,
Communications and the Arts], nor ACMA would appear well suited to leading a
public health strategy. Both DSS and DITRDCA have very broad policy remits and
DSS has limited resources and staff allocated to gambling harm reduction. The
Department of Health has no current role in gambling harm reduction but has
expertise in leading successful public health responses to harmful products
such as tobacco. The new portfolio should draw on the expertise of the
Department of Health, public health and gambling researchers and advocates, and
Australians with lived experience of gambling harm in developing the national
strategy. (41)
Australia’s regulatory framework
Evidence to the Inquiry suggested that Australia’s
regulatory framework for online gambling is ‘complex, fragmented and
inconsistent’ (15). The Committee also considered the framework to be inadequate:
Given the significant harms online gambling is causing,
Australia needs to undertake meaningful structural reform of the regulatory
framework for online gambling now to prevent further harm in the future. The
current approach is not working. (39)
At the Commonwealth level (see this DSS
website for state and territory regulators), there are 4 ministers chiefly
responsible for the regulation of online gambling:
- The Minister for Social Services is central to current frameworks for addressing
gambling harm, including oversight of the NCPF.
- The Minister for Communications is responsible for the operation of the
NCS and oversight of ACMA, which regulates gambling
advertising.
-
The Attorney-General, through the Australian
Transaction Reports and Analysis Centre, reports on illegal gambling
activities such as money laundering, areas covered by the IGA and the Anti‑Money
Laundering and Counter-Terrorism Financing Act 2006.
- The Minister for Sport, through Sport Integrity Australia, is developing
the Australian
Sports Wagering Scheme. This Scheme arose from a review
into Australia’s sports integrity (the Wood Review) announced in 2017 by
then Minister for Sport, Greg Hunt. The finalised framework is yet to be
released.
The Committee recommended that this fragmentated structure
be changed, with a single Australian Government Minister given responsibility
for online gambling harm reduction.
Evidence received by the Committee largely supported the
need for structural reform, including the establishment of national regulation
and a national regulator (17).
A national regulator
The report called for a substantial redistribution of
responsibilities from the states and territories to the national level,
supported by the creation of a new portfolio to oversee issues related to
gambling harm. The proposed new portfolio would hold a wide range of
responsibilities, including licensing WSPs and covering issues currently dealt
with by DSS, ACMA and DITRDCA (41).
The creation of such a body would, however, likely encounter
some level of state resistance, with the Committee noting (18) that the then New
South Wales Government’s submission rejected the establishment of a
national regulator, warning that the ‘flexibility that state and
territory-based regulators have in being able to choose between a coordinated
or unique approach’ needs to be retained (9).
Nevertheless, the Committee remained optimistic about the
possibility of establishing a new regulator, pointing to the NCPF as proof that
cross-jurisdictional cooperation is possible and that, under national
regulation and a national regulator, states could continue to levy point of
consumption taxes, which currently vary across jurisdictions (40–41).
In line with this, the Committee recommended that the establishment
of national regulation and a national online gambling regulator ‘with the sole
purpose of reducing harm and with responsibility for all licencing and
regulation’ (42) should be the priority of the new national strategy. This
would be achieved ‘with the cooperation of the states and territories’
(Recommendation 3) and reviewed within 2 years of its commencement
(Recommendation 31).
The Committee also recommended that a national online
gambling ombudsman be established within the national regulator (Recommendation
24) and that this body be equipped with monitoring, enforcement and compliance
powers, with penalties ‘severe enough to be a genuine deterrent to multinational
corporations breaching their legal obligations’ (Recommendation 23).
Regulation of WSPs and the
financial sector
In addition to recommending that a levy be imposed on WSPs
to fund a national regulator, the Committee proposed several additional
measures to tighten regulation of both providers and the financial sector more
broadly.
These included the imposition of a duty of care (Recommendation
18), requiring gambling operators to monitor customers for harmful or risky
gambling behaviours (84–85). Such an approach has been adopted by some European
countries. The Committee heard from bodies such as Financial Counselling
Australia that, without the expectation of an overarching duty of care which
requires WSPs to actively minimise and prevent gambling harm, the NCPF is
flawed (85).
The Committee similarly considered that, despite some WSPs
developing technology to track and manage gambling harm, a legal duty of care should
be required, assessing compliance against a set of standard indicators of risk
and harm. Under Recommendation 19, a standard behavioural algorithm would be
employed by online WSPs to ‘ensure consistency of practice in the responsible
service of gambling’, to make sure that risks are identified and managed
(93–94).
The Committee also made a series of recommendations
concerning broader financial sector reform, including an examination of small
consumer credit contract sector compliance with responsible lending obligations
to consumers who gamble (Recommendation 12), the need for (if necessary,
statutory) minimum gambling protection standards for implementation by all
banks (Recommendation 13), changes to customer identity verification (Recommendation
15), an assessment of voluntary or mandatory pre-commitments (Recommendation 17)
and consultation with industry and affected individuals to determine minimum
bet limits (Recommendation 25).
Sportsbet
suggested that additional consumer protection measures would encourage
illegal offshore gambling (43). However, when asked for evidence to support
this, Sportsbet
supplied only 3 sources: 2 documents funded by the United Kingdom’s
industry association, the Betting and Gaming Council, and 1 survey commissioned
by Sportsbet itself (37). The DITRDCA
considered such claims to be ‘a pretty long bow to draw’, with the
Department having no evidence that the introduction of other protection
measures, such as restrictions on gambling advertising or 72-hour time periods
for identity verifications, caused a spike in illegal gambling (38).
Currently, the most likely reform to the financial sector is
a ban on credit card use for interactive gambling. This was a
commitment announced in April 2023 by the Albanese Government, in line with
recommendations from the Parliamentary
Joint Committee on Corporations and Financial Services’ report delivered in
2021. The ban will be achieved through amendments to the IGA made by the
Interactive
Gambling Amendment (Credit and Other Measures) Bill 2023 (currently before the
Parliament), with the change to be enforced by ACMA.
Minimising illegal online gambling
There has been a significant push to minimise illegal online
gambling, particularly addressing offshore gambling providers, with much of
this space regulated through the IGA and the Anti‑Money
Laundering and Counter-Terrorism Financing Act 2006 (AML/CTF Act).
Under the IGA,
ACMA can request that ISPs block illegal offshore
gambling websites, including online casinos, in‑play sports betting,
non-licenced services and services offering betting on lotteries. The Attorney‑General’s
Department opened
consultation on proposed reforms to simplify and extend the AML/CTF regime in
April 2023.
The Committee felt that additional effort was required to
disrupt illegal online gambling and block offshore providers (Recommendations 7
and 22), including through international cooperation (Recommendation 8). In
line with the Committee’s call for independent research, Recommendation 8 also acknowledged
a need to ‘protect public policy and research from gambling industry
interference’.
Advertisements, inducements and
self-exclusion
The issue of pervasive and targeted gambling advertisements
and inducements, particularly during sporting events, was a key focus of the
inquiry. This was based on the premise that ‘many Australians are intensely
frustrated and annoyed by current levels of gambling advertising and are
concerned about the harm caused by exposure to gambling advertising, especially
to young people’ (97). The report noted concern that advertising in sport had
come to make gambling appear ‘intrinsic to enjoying sport’ (99).
With regard to the current regulatory framework governing
gambling advertising (104–110), the Committee concluded that these rules are insufficient
given the scale of harm caused by gambling advertising. While the Committee
heard substantial evidence from sporting codes and broadcast media during the
inquiry, it expressed regret at the ‘lack of transparency’ when it came to the
industries’ reliance on gambling revenue (125).
The Committee heard
from the AFL CEO of the:
… unintended consequences that may arise from the prohibition
or overregulation on sports betting advertising and the potential to materially
increase the integrity risks that may come from pushing gambling underground or
offshore to unregulated markets. (26)
Nonetheless, the Committee recommended that:
… the Australian Government, with the cooperation of the
states and territories, implement a comprehensive ban on all forms of
advertising for online gambling, to be introduced in four phases, over three
years, commencing immediately … (Recommendation 26)
Relevantly, the following Private Member’s Bills seeking to
ban gambling advertisements have been introduced during the 47th Parliament, as
at September 2023:
The inquiry also heard concerns about online gambling
inducements and VIP programs and the limitations of self-exclusion registers
run by states and territories and wagering providers (72–76 and Recommendation 16).
BetStop, which was introduced in August 2023 as a measure under the NCPF, is an
overarching register that allows an individual to self-exclude from all
licensed online WSPs through a single process (76–77). However, while the
Committee felt BetStop had the potential to be a ‘powerful consumer protection
tool’, it was of the view that BetStop’s implementation needed to be supported
by additional measures, including identity verification before an account is
opened, rather than the current 72-hour period which some felt is still long
enough to facilitate considerable harm (70–72 and Recommendation 15).
Further, although the Committee heard of action taken by
ACMA against companies breaching requirements of self-exclusion registers, it
concluded that ‘current penalties for breaches of online WSPs’ responsibilities
to their customers neither match the seriousness of the breaches nor provide an
adequate deterrent to change behaviour’ (85).
Simulated gambling and loot boxes
Computer games containing simulated gambling or chance-based
items (loot boxes) were a focus of the inquiry, with the Committee noting
emerging evidence suggesting either a strong correlation or even causal link
between young people exposed to simulated gambling through games and later gambling
harm (131).
Loot boxes were examined by the Senate Environment and
Communications References Committee in 2018 for the report Gaming
micro-transactions for chance-based items, which found that there was
limited research-based evidence upon which to base policy responses (73). The current
inquiry instead argued that ‘… Australia cannot wait another generation before
acting on this important issue’ (146).
Recommendation 30 consequently called for further work to be
done in this area and for further research to determine the level of regulation
required to avoid gambling harm being facilitated by computer games containing
either simulated gambling or loot boxes. This included recommending future
discussions to consider measures such as spending controls, transparent odds
and opt‑in controls for loot boxes and simulated gambling content
(148–149).
The Government
has announced its intention to reform the regulatory framework around loot
boxes and simulated gambling in computer games. To date, it has focused on consultation
concerning changes
to the classification of computer games through revision of the National Classification
Scheme. Consultation closed in June 2023, and submissions are available on
the DITRDCA’s
website.
Current Government proposals would impose an M
rating on games offering loot boxes and an R18+
rating on those containing simulated gambling. The Committee indicated its
support for these proposals as a first step, but urged the Government to
‘consider applying a more granular approach’ as an acknowledgement that some
games which use loot boxes more closely resemble gambling than others (147). It
also called for the National Classification Scheme to be applied consistently
to online app stores (including the Google Play Store, the Apple App Store and
the Steam Store) which offer games (147 and Recommendation 27). The Coalition
has also previously
expressed support for consultation with industry and stakeholders over
changes to the National Classification Scheme. Additionally, there have been some
other non-Government calls for stricter reform, such as the Classification
(Publications, Films and Computer Games) Amendment (Loot Boxes) Bill 2022, introduced
by Andrew Wilkie, who raised
concerns that the use of only the M rating for games with loot boxes, as
opposed to the R18+ rating, would provide insufficient protection for young
people.
To support changes to rules governing simulated gambling,
the Committee called for an education campaign targeted at parents, caregivers,
teachers and young people (Recommendation 28).
Education and research
In adopting a public health approach to gambling harm, the
Committee stressed the need for education, including a national public
education campaign that both counters gambling messages and provides
information on resources available to consumers seeking protection (40).
Accordingly, the Committee recommended ‘that the Australian
Government develop and fund an ongoing, online gambling public education
campaign with national advertising and marketing, particularly online …’ (43).
Further, the Committee recommended the campaign should:
-
seek to counter the harmful messages of gambling advertising
-
be informed by rigorous, independent research
-
be developed with input from target individuals and communities
to ensure they are relevant, culturally safe and linguistically appropriate
-
accurately present the risks and harms of gambling with licenced
operators and illegal offshore websites
-
aim to reduce stigma and encourage help-seeking, and protect the
most vulnerable from gambling harm
-
educate Australians about available consumer protection tools for
online gambling and encourage healthy behaviours
-
provide resources that can be used by schools, universities and
community organisations, such as sporting clubs
-
be thoroughly evaluated, with the evaluations to be publicly
available. (Recommendation 4)
The need for evaluation of policies and continued research
in more poorly understood areas, such as the impact of simulated gambling and
loot boxes, was highlighted throughout the report. This included a call for
better data collection on the issue of gambling-related suicides. While the International Classification of Diseases
(ICD-11) includes both ‘Hazardous
gambling or betting’ and ‘Gambling
disorder’ as recognised health problems the Committee argued that, at the
national level, protocols are needed to ensure appropriate care is provided to those
approaching medical professionals (59).
The Committee also made recommendations regarding the
facilitation of independent (as opposed to industry-funded) research (32–34).
For instance, Recommendation 5 encouraged the Government to equip the Australian
Institute of Family Studies’ Australian Gambling Research Centre to act as
a national clearinghouse for gambling research (44). Additionally, the
Committee maintained that research into online gambling harm should be informed
by deidentified data collected by online WSPs, with the aim of moving towards
regulators having real-time access (44).
With the Government yet to respond to the report, it remains
unclear which recommendations will be actioned. Gambling reforms being
discussed currently centre on the banning
of credit cards and credit-related products for interactive wagering
services and amending
the National Classification Scheme to address concerns around loot boxes
and simulated gambling. These measures would add to other recent initiatives
such as the launch of BetStop and changes
to the ‘gamble responsibly’ taglines.
The Committee, however, called for further and more holistic
action. Perhaps most notably, the call for a ban on advertising for online
gambling tapped into an issue of significant Parliamentary
concern. With televised gambling advertising already under scrutiny – described
by Prime Minister Albanese as ‘annoying’
and criticised in Opposition Leader Peter Dutton’s 2023 Budget
Reply Speech – online advertising is likely to add a further dimension to
the discussion already underway. Yet, in seeking to shift the conversation on
gambling-related harm from one focused on individual responsibility to an issue
of public health, the inquiry called for broader and more complex systemic
reform, including a fundamental restructuring of governmental responsibility.
Attachment A: Committee recommendations
| Issue |
Key recommendations |
Recommendation number(s) |
| A public health issue |
Harm reduction should be the responsibility of a single
Australian Government minister. |
1 |
| A national strategy (the strategy) on online gambling harm
reduction should be developed within 12 months. The strategy should be financed through a levy on online
wagering service providers (WSPs). |
2, 3 |
| National regulator |
Establish a national online gambling regulator (the
regulator) as a priority of the strategy. The regulator should have
responsibility for all licencing and regulation. The regulator should have the power to monitor, ensure
compliance and enforce adherence to legal frameworks. Penalties for breaches
should be severe enough to ensure their effectiveness. The regulator should be reviewed 2 years following
commencement, and then every 5 years. |
3, 23, 31 |
| Use the levy on WSPs (Recommendation 3) to support the
regulator to work with the states and territories on best practice
prevention, detection, early intervention, treatment and rehabilitation
programs, including through training for health workers and Aboriginal and
Torres Strait Islander community-controlled health organisations; increased
availability of integrated treatment services; enhanced referral pathways to
specialist treatment and peer-base support services; and the inclusion of
screening tools for gambling harm in mental health and drug and alcohol
assessments. |
9 |
| A national online gambling ombudsman should be established
within the regulator. |
24 |
| Advertisements and inducements |
Prohibit all online gambling inducements and inducement
advertisements without delay. |
16 |
| Ban all online gambling advertisements through a 4-phase
process, over 3 years: 1.
Prohibition of all online gambling inducements and advertising on
social media and online platforms. Removal of the exemption for advertising
during news broadcasts. Prohibition of advertising online gambling on
commercial radio between 8:30–9 am and 3:30–4 pm. 2.
Prohibition of advertising and commentary on odds during, and an hour
either side of, sports broadcasts. Prohibition on all in-stadia advertising,
including logos on players’ uniforms. 3.
Prohibition of all broadcast online gambling advertising from 6 am–10 pm. 4.
Prohibition on all online gambling advertising and sponsorship. Dedicated racing channels and programming should be
exempt. Small community radio broadcasters should be exempt from
further restrictions until December 2025. |
26 |
| Regulation of online WSPs |
A levy should be imposed on WSPs to fund the strategy. |
3 |
| Require WSPs to disclose deidentified customer data on a
consistent and systematic basis to the regulator. This data should cover gambling participation, risk
indicators, interventions and harm. |
6 |
| Impose a customer duty of care on WSPs, assessed against a
set of standard indicators of risk and harm (see Recommendation 5 under
education and research). |
18, 5 |
| Government should investigate the feasibility of requiring
online WSPs to apply a standard behavioural algorithm to reduce harm. |
19 |
| WSP staff should undertake training and demonstrate their
understanding of legal obligations and guidelines. A refresher course should
be undertaken annually. |
20 |
| Financial regulation beyond WSPs |
The multi-stage evaluation of the National Consumer
Protection Framework for Online Gambling (NCPF) should include an
investigation into the small consumer credit contract sector compliance with
responsible lending obligations. |
12 |
| The Government should work with the Australian Banking
Association to develop minimum gambling protection standards to be
implemented by all banks, including a block on gambling merchant categories
for self-excluded individuals using BetStop. If no agreement can be reached, the minimum standards
should be legislated. |
13 |
| Government should conduct a risk assessment of available
payment methods and prohibit methods which do not minimise the risk of
criminal activity occurring through online gambling. |
14 |
| Identities should be verified prior to the commencement of
online gambling. |
15 |
| The evaluation of the NCPF should investigate the
effectiveness of voluntary pre-commitments and the strengths and weaknesses
of universal, mandatory, pre-commitment systems used overseas. |
17 |
| Prohibit commissions being paid to staff or third parties
involved in the referral or provision of online gambling to an individual. |
21 |
| Government should consult with industry and affected
individuals to determine minimum bet limits for online wagering. |
25 |
| Minimising criminal activity |
The Government should implement:
- technological
solutions to more effectively block offshore gambling websites, including
skin gambling websites and mirror sites;
- a
protocol for blocking transaction to known illegal gambling operators;
- stronger
sanctions for companies and individuals profiting from illegal gambling.
The Government should establish a legal taskforce to
develop provisions to prevent the proceeds of crime being used to fund online
gambling. |
7, 22 |
| The Government should develop multilateral agreements to
combat illegal gambling on the international level and minimise interference
from the gambling industry on public policy and research. |
8 |
| Government should conduct a risk assessment of available
payment methods and prohibit methods which do not minimise the risk of
criminal activity occurring through online gambling. |
14 |
| Simulated gambling and loot boxes |
There should be a public education campaign regarding all
elements of simulated gambling. |
11 |
| The NCS should be consistently applied to games available
through app and game stores, including Steam. |
27 |
| Research should be conducted into effective simulated
gambling warning labels, with these to be incorporated into the NCS. |
29 |
| Establish a working group to develop and implement minimum
consumer protections for interactive games and suggest legislative mechanisms
for control on simulated gambling and its advertisements. The working group should consider whether games containing
loot boxes or simulated gambling should have default spending controls,
transparent odds and default disabling of algorithmic loot box features. The Government should review the implementation of these
measure and should consider legislative options if minimum consumer
protections are not being consistently applied. |
30 |
| Education |
There should be a national public education campaign that
counters the ‘harmful messages of gambling advertising’ and reduce stigma
around help-seeking, as well as educating the public about what consumer
protection tools exist. This information should be suitable for use at schools,
universities and community clubs, including sports clubs. The campaign should be research-informed and evaluated. |
4 |
| All public education resources should be available on the
Student Wellbeing Hub and through the Office of the eSafety Commissioner. |
| The Government should develop industry guidelines for the
education of bank, industry and WSP staff regarding gambling harm, including
guidelines for the referral of customers at risk of suicide. |
10 |
| There should be a public education campaign regarding all
elements of simulated gambling. |
11 |
| WSP staff should undertake training and demonstrate their
understanding of legal obligations and guidelines. A refresher course should
be undertaken annually. |
20 |
| Research |
The Australian Institute of Family Studies’ Australian
Gambling Research Centre should be resourced as a national clearinghouse for
gambling research. |
5 |
The Government should provide funding for research,
including:
- the
development of a set of standard indicators of risk and harm that can be used
in regulation and policy development
- prevalence
studies on gambling harm
- studies
of vulnerable groups
- studies
on best practice interventions, treatments and supports
- gambling-related
suicides.
|
| There should be a feasibility study of Spain, France and
other jurisdiction’s data vaults facilities, to develop a system able to
provide real-time operator data to the regulator and approved researchers. |
6 |
| The Government should work with the states and territories
to establish a national data collection program on gambling harms and
suicides. |
11 |
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